MAC PARA Chronos User Manual Download | Manualshive

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FLYING THE CHRONOS

Released trimmers with brakes applied

The Chronos uses a unique Flap Brake system in the centre of the wing on the trailing
edge for improved take-offs and landings. This ensures more lift in the centre of the
wing and also increases the pitching moments. Even slight brake input (especially on
full speed bar) produce lift close to the trailing edge. The centre of gravity of the air foil
is moved back and the higher pitching moment significantly decreases the stability.

Warning!! Especially in turbulence this can lead to a collapse on full speed with
trimmers released! Therefore we recommend pilots only steer by pulling on the
torque compensator line and not touching the brakes.

Closed trims

Using the trimmers in the pulled closed position with brakes gives you the slowest
speed and most sensitive feeling of the Chronos. The canopy behaviour is similar to that
of a classic paraglider.

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Summary of Contents for Chronos

Page 1: ...1 ...

Page 2: ...ST 12 SETTING UP THE CONTROLS 13 FLYING THE CHRONOS 14 TOWING JUMPS FROM AIRCRAFT AEROBATICS 24 EXTREME FLYING MANOEUVRES 24 RAPID DESCENT TECHNIQUES 27 GOLDEN RULES 30 CARE AND MAINTENANCE 31 RESPECT NATURE 34 CHRONOS LINE PLAN 34 LINE PLAN CHRONOS SCHEME 35 GUIDELINES FOR PARAMOTORING GLIDER CHECKS 36 TEST FLIGHT CERTIFICATE 39 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION 39 ...

Page 3: ... of attentiveness good judgement and theoretical knowledge Paramotoring can be a dangerous sport which may lead to injury and death Get proper instruction before you attempt to fly with a qualified professional and accredited school For a list of schools you can check out the official Mac Para website at www MacPara com Take Responsibility The use of this paramotoring glider is solely at the owner...

Page 4: ...een paramotoring for some time It is not intended for beginners or for pilots that lack the necessary piloting skills to control its advanced performance features We recommend you should have a minimum level of 50 flying hours in various conditions and have completed at least one full year flying paramotoring gliders with adjustable trimmers before flying the Chronos Various Conditions The Chronos...

Page 5: ...creasing performance and safety The internal reinforcements maintain the precise form of the canopy and increases stability The cell openings on the under surface of the leading edge provide good airflow into the glider Stretch resistant support panels with diagonal ribs at the suspension points ensure an even distribution of load throughout the canopy Stretch resistant Mylar strips on the top and...

Page 6: ...The brake lines are not load carrying suspension lines They lead from the trailing edge of the canopy to the main brake lines and run through the pulleys on the D risers to the brake handles Two black marks on the main brake line indicate the two possible positions of the brake handles This adjustment allows for sufficient brake to be applied during flight and landing safety It also ensures that b...

Page 7: ... while the outermost A main lines and the stabilizer lines are attached to A1 risers The 3 B main lines are attached to the B riser The 3 C main lines and the C stabilizer compensator lines are attached to the C risers and the 3 D main lines to the D risers The main brake lines lead through the pulleys on the D risers The higher pulleys are used when flying a low attachment style paramotor and the...

Page 8: ...de of each riser is connected to the line of C line stabiliser line With the torque compensator you can correct any engine torque moments to keep your wing flying straight without using your brakes for corrections Powerful paramotors with bigger propellers tend to turn your wing in the opposite direction to which the propeller is turning The compensator is very useful during long navigation flight...

Page 9: ... It is important to check and set the trimmers in the same position for each riser before take off and in flight to avoid unwanted turns The speed of the Chronos with closed trimmers trimmers pulled all the way down is around 39 43km h with a relatively low effort of the engine With additional brake pressure the cruising speed is around 34 37 km h This will give you the best sink rate and requires...

Page 10: ...10 TRIMMING ...

Page 11: ...olyester A 6843 060 Breaking Load 60 kg Brake lines Liros DC60 Breaking Load 60 kg Brake lines Liros DC100 Breaking Load 100 kg Main lines A1 B1 Aramid Polyester A 7343 230 Breaking Load 230 g Main lines A2 A3 B2 B3 Aramid Polyester A 7343 280 Breaking Load 280 g Main lines C2 C3 Aramid Polyester A 7343 230 Breaking Load 230 g Main lines C1 D2 D3 Aramid Polyester A 7343 190 Breaking Load 190 kg Ma...

Page 12: ...ring glider goes through a strict visual inspection Additionally we recommend that you check your new glider in accordance with the following points below The Chronos is a form of aircraft and should be treated as such We also recommend that you make these checks after flying extreme manoeuvres tree landings or similar events Inspect the canopy for tears or damage Pay particular attention to the s...

Page 13: ...te brake line length that matches your paramotors hang point style check the set up by inflating the glider in an open area with a constant breeze with the engine off When the canopy is stabilised above your head check that the trailing edge of the wing is not being pulled down When you gently pull the brakes you should only have 5 10 centimetres of movement before the brakes start to pull down on...

Page 14: ... reached when the 2 pulleys on the risers join together Before launch attach the glider s risers to the harness with the main carabineers first before attaching the speed system Ensure that the speed system is untangled and operates freely before flying There should be a spare inch or so before the speed bar activates the speed system Remember that it is always safer to set the margin of play too ...

Page 15: ...nst the wind This ensures that the A lines in the centre section of the canopy will be tensioned before the wing tips Doing this inflates the canopy evenly and allows for an easy launch in the desired direction All lines and risers should be carefully checked untangled and arranged in a way that they do not catch on anything It is equally important to untangle the brake lines so that they are free...

Page 16: ...he initial inflation you may need to keep applying forward pressure on the A risers depending on the wind conditions Do not pull down on the A s 1 Paragliding forward technique Follow the above technique to get the glider overhead As soon as the glider is above you stop pulling on the A risers A good progressive run ensures your Chronos will inflate and come up equally and quickly If the canopy sh...

Page 17: ...ur paramotor instructor WARNING Do not jump or lift your legs immediately after or during your take off This could have disastrous consequences when done with a paramotor if the wing has not reached the proper take off speed to create the necessary lift Keep running keep running and keep running until you are running through the air WARNING Do not attempt to get into the seat while holding the bra...

Page 18: ... a launch pull down on the C or D risers instead of the brakes Using the brakes in strong wind will cause more lift This could lift the pilot up off the ground and dangerously drag him her back Golden rule For any aircraft the most important thing on take off is proper amount of speed High angles of attack and low speeds are more likely to cause a stall ATTENTION You should always be able to land ...

Page 19: ... with bigger propellers flying with lower wing loadings The safest way to deal with this is to throttle back and release the brakes Do not let go of the brakes Novice paramotoring pilots tend to be especially prone to overreacting The Chronos can reach speeds of 39 43 km h on neutral setting depending on the weight of the pilot Always fly with sufficient clearance from the terrain With power off t...

Page 20: ...with fully accelerated speed bar do not touch the brakes Doing so will result in major collapse Warning In according to its construction some manoeuvres could not be tested It is asymetric and frontal collapses in the combination of accelerator and open trimmers On the slower settings trimmer buckle pulled below the white line sink rate improves and handling becomes lighter giving you an improved ...

Page 21: ... lines At first learn to fly using the speed system with the trims in neutral position It is advisable to use the speed system with neutral opened trimmers Steering turns The Chronos is a very responsive paramotoring glider and reacts directly and instantly to any steering input Weight shift input quickens turns and ensures minimal height loss Attention In the event that you lose your brakes lines...

Page 22: ...he trailing edge The centre of gravity of the air foil is moved back and the higher pitching moment significantly decreases the stability Warning Especially in turbulence this can lead to a collapse on full speed with trimmers released Therefore we recommend pilots only steer by pulling on the torque compensator line and not touching the brakes Closed trims Using the trimmers in the pulled closed ...

Page 23: ...p to the ground Strong wind landings require correspondingly less brake Your instructor will assist you to understand how to properly time your brake pull also called a flare Every pilot should practice landings without power because one day your engine will fail run out of gas etc and this skill could be useful Power on landing Fly towards your desired landing area at a shallow angle Start to fla...

Page 24: ...liberately induced or can develop unintentionally due to turbulence Pilot error can also be responsible for unwanted circumstances Any pilot who flies through turbulence will face special flight conditions at some point in their flying career Be aware of these flight manoeuvres and prepare for them by SIV safety training over water with proper instruction We expect you are an advanced paramotoring...

Page 25: ...tions to untangle a line over pumping the collapsed side pulling the stabilizer line or a sharp pull on the D riser can sometimes solve the problem Attention If these manoeuvres fail or if in any doubt the pilot should instantly use their emergency reserve parachute system Frontal Collapse Frontal collapses provoked at higher speeds can lead to extremely deep collapses Recovery requires short and ...

Page 26: ...e is required to gain a good feel for the glider Always receive proper training Spin or negative spin Normally it does not occur You have to be careful when flying at low speeds until fully familiar with brake operation A negative spin can happen by pulling down the brake on one side too fast or too hard During a spin the canopy turns relatively fast around the centre section of the canopy while t...

Page 27: ...our paramotor off when executing spiral dive A spiral dive is the fastest way to lose altitude however the very high G forces make it difficult to sustain a spiral dive for long It also places high loads on the pilot and glider By tensing ones abdominal muscles and a higher body tension you can to some extent resist the high G forces Don t forget proper breathing to keep the blood flowing to avoid...

Page 28: ...ermost A lines there is higher risk of collapse A spiral may be a more efficient way to get down When in big ears without power the horizontal speed is higher than the sink rate unlike a spiral dive or a B line stall This rapid descent technique is used to quickly and horizontally exit a dangerous area in the desired direction In order to collapse the outside wing tips called big ears pull down th...

Page 29: ...y cause a frontal horseshoe to form To exit from this flight mode release the B risers at first rapidly but then gently 1 sec The canopy surges forward re attaching the airflow over the top glider surface and resumes normal flight When the B risers are released the brakes should not be activated This will give the canopy the chance to gain speed and resume normal flight On exit from a B line stall...

Page 30: ...caused by other powered gliders heavy trikes or other aeroplanes Keep in mind the turbulence caused by your own paramotor especially when flying sharp turns spiralling or flying low It is unwise to fly hands off the brakes below 100m because of possible engine malfunction requiring immediate attention Unless it is absolutely necessary e g collision avoidance do not make tight turns against the tor...

Page 31: ...h ground This will damage the cloth on the wear points When preparing the wing on a take off with rough ground don t pull the wing over it i e by pulling the brakes Try your best to pack the wing on soft ground Uncontrolled strong wind take offs or landings can result in the leading edge of the canopy hitting the ground at a high speed which may cause rips in the profile and damage the rib materia...

Page 32: ...ut by the manufacturer distributor or authorized workshops Only original spare parts may be used The line geometry must be checked after every 50 hours flying time or whenever the flight behaviour changes Any changes to the canopy lines or risers except those approved by the manufacturer will void the certificate of airworthiness and warranty The Chronos must be checked after two years or after 10...

Page 33: ...erial or are the same thicknesses Damage to the Canopy Paramotoring involves fast moving parts like a spinning propeller and hot engines Sometimes those parts come in contact with your glider and can quickly cause damage to your glider Do not fly your glider that has sustained any damage Any damage to your glider needs to be professionally repaired before your next flight ATTENTION Do not risk you...

Page 34: ...to prescribed timetable described above If you have bought your paraglider second hand ask the previous owner for a copy of his her logbook that lists total flying hours since the date of first purchase and details of any safety inspections RESPECT NATURE Practise your sport with respect for nature wildlife and neighbours Not everyone is a friend of your paramotor noise Follow the rules and the la...

Page 35: ...35 LINE PLAN CHRONOS SCHEME ...

Page 36: ...hment on PPG harness 1 50 m 1 60 m 1 65 m 1 75 m GUIDELINES FOR PARAMOTORING GLIDER CHECKS Check intervals All paramotoring gliders used in flight must be checked at least every 24 months For paramotoring gliders used by paramotoring schools the period is 12 months Personnel authorised to carry out checks A valid flying license and training course by National associations are the basis for permiss...

Page 37: ...cordance with the certification requirements One main line should be taken from each array and have its strength checked with a tension meter Required strengths should be higher than A B main lines x measured value 8 x maximum take off weight and higher than 800 kg for the A B arrays C D mean lines x measured value 6 x maximum take off weight and higher than 600 kg for the A B arrays Replacements ...

Page 38: ...cord Connector check All line carabineers trims if used speed systems and pulleys should be inspected for visible damage Open or improperly secured connectors should be secured in accordance with the producers recommendations Risers Both risers should be checked for tears signs of wear or any damage and measured with a pull of 5 daN strength Measured data should be documented in the inspection rec...

Page 39: ...0 11 21 82 24 52 Span flat m 10 01 10 92 11 37 12 05 Aspect ratio flat 5 2 5 2 5 2 5 2 Root cord m 2 26 2 47 2 57 2 72 Cells kg 58 58 58 58 Weight kg 5 2 5 5 5 70 6 1 Weight range free flying kg 55 73 67 85 75 95 95 110 Weight range PPG MPG kg 73 115 90 125 108 135 130 162 Min speed km h 23 24 23 24 23 24 23 24 Max speed km h 41 43 41 43 41 43 41 43 Top speed accelerator km h 55 57 55 57 55 57 55 ...

Page 40: ...40 ...

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