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Choosing & Using Microphones

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Summary of Contents for Microphone

Page 1: ......

Page 2: ...iking Concepts 15 Close Miking vs Distance Miking Techniques 15 Large Capsules vs Medium Capsules 16 Dealing with Unwanted Low Frequencies 16 The Mic Preamp 16 The Recording Environment 17 Phasing Iss...

Page 3: ...ge situation After all live performance environments are much more likely to subject mics to torture such as high volume sweat the elements shock and being dropped In the studio dynamic mics are most...

Page 4: ...say that condensers can t be used for some tasks on stage just that the environment should be controlled such as in a professional show where cables are secured mics are shock mounted against vibratio...

Page 5: ...d it became possible to use synthetic materials such as mylar in order to create tissue thin membranes Since condenser diaphragms need to conduct electricity these synthetic materials have a thin laye...

Page 6: ...les are generally less sensitive to high frequencies off axis This phenomenon is typically less significant in medium capsules than in large capsules Cardioid pattern The cardioid is the most common p...

Page 7: ...by sealing the back of the capsule resulting in another fixed pattern Super cardioids employ yet a different design In most cases different back end electronics are required for each pattern thus maki...

Page 8: ...he order of several thousand ohms down to around 200 ohms or from half an ohm up to about 200 ohms The condenser microphone presents a challenge of a different magnitude converting a signal in the ran...

Page 9: ...terious element called dynamic distortion something that the industry didn t even have the technology to measure until quite recently Dynamic distortion refers to the accuracy or transparency over tim...

Page 10: ...t what s inside those shiny cases and much of that comes down to manufacturing standards The story behind affordable matched pairs for stereo miking One of the factors that make a significant differen...

Page 11: ...ly high quality and tight tolerances at affordable prices for several reasons The first is that highly skilled technicians use the latest computer controlled equipment for manufacturing and testing Th...

Page 12: ...Choosing Using Microphones 12...

Page 13: ...roject extra energy toward the microphone A common result of this extra energy is unwanted pops in the sound as well as the expulsion of saliva a form of moisture detrimental to a condenser mic For th...

Page 14: ...of a microphone down with a dry or slightly damp rag will be sufficient to remove dust dirt fingerprints and the like In the event that further cleaning is necessary spray a non abrasive household cle...

Page 15: ...s for extreme situations is also very useful in isolating the sound source from other performers Note also that the closer the mic is to the source the more prevalent with be the performance by produc...

Page 16: ...l off is truly beneficial The Mic Preamp Before the low level signal from a mic can be used in the recording and mixing process it must be run through a preamp in order to boost the gain Therefore mos...

Page 17: ...nd sources such as strings drum heads and vocal chords share a characteristic temporal or phase relationship of harmonics to the fundamental when vibrating Not coincidentally our ears exhibit the same...

Page 18: ...fferent times Telltale signs are different notes from the same source sounding at different volumes or bass response that is overly strong or overly shallow Here are a few tips in minimizing phasing p...

Page 19: ...rophones typically need a little breathing room in order to avoid reflection Omnis placed in a corner for example often sound like they re well in a corner Similarly placing the back of a cardioid too...

Page 20: ...Choosing Using Microphones 20...

Page 21: ...te for this by moving the coincident mics slightly apart from each other in order to introduce a time delay between sides Spaced techniques are considered less accurate yet more spacious sounding In e...

Page 22: ...Since this is a rarity other stereo techniques offering superior control are more frequently used ORTF Developed by the French national broadcasting agency Office de RadioT l vision Fran aise the ORTF...

Page 23: ...ter of the field can tend to be less distinct In situations where there is too much unwanted background noise or the mics must be placed further away due to logistics experiment with using carefully p...

Page 24: ...e is favored in the film industry because it provides a spacious sound along with good stereo imagery that works well with processes like Dolby and surround sound There is also the advantage of a disc...

Page 25: ...the track On the other hand omni can yield excellent results when you do want to feature the room s natural ambience In the case of recording multiple vocalists there may not be enough resources for s...

Page 26: ...signal to the recorder EQ adjustments should only be aimed at getting an optimal signal rather than trying to perfect final tonality something that should be reserved for the mix Be aware that a hard...

Page 27: ...is distance miking technique Electric Guitar The most common way to mic a guitar amp is to place a cardioid four to six inches in front of the speaker If it sounds as if the microphone or preamp are o...

Page 28: ...he mics four to eight feet from the curved side of the piano and at heights from five to twelve feet Factors leading to the establishment of optimal positioning include the size and model of the piano...

Page 29: ...lacing the one with the larger diaphragm inside the kick drum and the other on a boom about two feet over the rest of the kit Three Mics Where only three mics are available two main techniques are fav...

Page 30: ...plications such as those involving brushes Standard practice is to angle the mic down toward the drum at about two inches from the rim Moving the mic further in provides more attack and less body some...

Page 31: ...ith a height of anywhere between two and five feet above the kit depending upon the room In general high ceilings are helpful when miking drum overheads because there is more room for the sound to bre...

Page 32: ...Choosing Using Microphones 32...

Page 33: ...g and quality control Model Diaphragm Electronics Patterns Address Applications Solaris 1 1 x 3 microns Class A FET Cardioid Omni Figure 8 Top Excellent on stringed instruments overhead cymbals and vo...

Page 34: ...Mic cable crossing a power cable Route audio cables so that they are not near power cables or power supplies When they must cross make them cross at a 90 degree angle for minimal overlap Mic preamp g...

Page 35: ...ucts such as Propellerhead s Reason and Ableton Live In 2002 the company successfully launched a product line that brings professional quality audio to the consumer electronics market For more informa...

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