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Lycoming IVO-540 Series, Operator'S Manual

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Lycoming IVO-540 Series Operator'S Manual Download Page 2

VO-540, IVO-540, TIVO-540 Series Operator’s Manual 

Lycoming Part Number: 60297-17

©2008 by Lycoming. All rights reserved.

Lycoming  and  “Powered  by  Lycoming”  are  trademarks  or  registered  trademarks  of 

Lycoming.

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trademarks of their respective companies.

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Lycoming Engines

652 Oliver Street

Williamsport, PA 17701 U.S.A.

Phone:

Factory:

570-323-6181

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570-327-7268

Fax:

570-327-7101

 

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Summary of Contents for IVO-540 Series

Page 1: ...Operator s Manual Lycoming VO 540 IVO 540 TIVO 540 Series Approved by FAA 2nd Edition Part No 60297 17 652 Oliver Street Williamsport PA 17701 U S A 570 323 6181 May 2008 ...

Page 2: ...ced in this publication are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies For additional information Mailing address Lycoming Engines 652 Oliver Street Williamsport PA 17701 U S A Phone Factory 570 323 6181 Sales Department 570 327 7268 Fax 570 327 7101 Lycoming s regular business hours are Monday through Friday from 8 00 AM through 5 00 PM Eastern Time 5 GMT Visit us on the Wo...

Page 3: ...res can result in poor engine performance and power loss Also if power and speed limitations specified in this manual are exceeded for any reason damage to the engine and personal injury can happen Consult your local FAA approved maintenance facility SERVICE BULLETINS INSTRUCTIONS AND LETTERS Although the information contained in this manual is up to date at time of publication users are urged to ...

Page 4: ...n various Warnings and Cautions which must be carefully read in order to minimize the risk of personal injury or the use of improper service methods that may damage the engine or render it unsafe It is also important to understand that these Warnings and Cautions are not all inclusive Lycoming could not possibly know evaluate or advise the service trade of all conceivable ways in which service mig...

Page 5: ...CTION 1 DESCRIPTION 1 1 SECTION 2 SPECIFICATIONS 2 1 SECTION 3 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 3 1 SECTION 4 PERIODIC INSPECTIONS 4 1 SECTION 5 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES 5 1 SECTION 6 TROUBLE SHOOTING 6 1 SECTION 7 INSTALLATION AND STORAGE 7 1 SECTION 8 TABLES 8 1 V ...

Page 6: ...LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL Left Side View VO 540 B1A Left Rear View VO 540 C1A vi ...

Page 7: ...1 Valve Operating Mechanism 1 1 Crankcase 1 1 Crankcase Cover 1 1 Crankshaft 1 1 Connecting Rods 1 1 Pistons 1 1 Accessory Housing 1 2 Cooling System 1 2 Induction System 1 2 Turbocharger System 1 2 Lubricating System 1 2 Priming System 1 3 Ignition System 1 3 Table of Models 1 3 ...

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Page 9: ...finish Valve Operating Mechanism A conventional type camshaft is located in front of and parallel to the crankshaft The camshaft actuates hydraulic tappets which operate the valves through push rods and valve rockers The valve rockers are supported on full floating steel shafts The valve springs bear against hardened steel seats and are retained on the valve stems by means of split keys Crankcase ...

Page 10: ...lator to convert the air force into a fuel force This fuel force fuel pressure differential when applied across the fuel metering section makes fuel flow proportional to air flow Vaporization takes place at individual intake ports Turbocharger System TIVO 540 A turbocharger is supplied as an integral part of the TIVO 540 model The function of the turbocharger is to provide constant air density to ...

Page 11: ... VO 540 B1C B2C VO 540 B1D B2D VO 540 B1E B2E VO 540 B2G VO 540 B1B3 VO 540 B1H3 VO 540 C1A C2A VO 540 C1B C2B VO 540 C2C VO 540 C1C3 IVO 540 A1A TIVO 540 A2A S6LN 20 S6LN 204 S6LN 204 S6LN 204 S6LN 20 S6LN 1209 S6LN 204 S6LN 1209 S6LN 204 S6LN 20 S6LN 1209 S6LN 204 S6LN 204 S6LN 204 S6RN 21 S6RN 200 S6RN 200 S6RN 200 S6RN 21 S6RN 1208 S6RN 200 S6RN 1208 S6RN 200 S6RN 21 S6RN 1208 S6RN 200 S6RN 20...

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Page 13: ... S MANUAL SECTION 2 SPECIFICATIONS Page Specifications VO 540 B Series 2 1 Specifications VO 540 C Series 2 1 Specifications IVO 540 Series 2 2 Specifications TIVO 540 Series 2 2 Accessory Drives 2 3 Detail Weights 2 3 ...

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Page 15: ...egrees BTC 25 Valve rocker clearance hydraulic tappets collapsed 028 080 Crankshaft drive ratio 1 1 Crankshaft rotation viewed from bottom Clockwise VO 540 C SERIES FAA Type Certificate 304 Rated horsepower 305 Rated speed RPM 3200 Bore inches 5 125 Stroke inches 4 375 Displacement cubic inches 541 5 Compression ratio 8 7 1 Firing order 1 4 5 2 3 6 Spark occurs degrees BTC 25 Valve rocker clearanc...

Page 16: ...s BTC 25 Valve rocker clearance hydraulic tappets collapsed 028 080 Crankshaft drive ratio 1 1 Crankshaft rotation viewed from bottom Clockwise TIVO 540 SERIES FAA Type Certificate 1E14 Rated horsepower 315 Rated speed RPM 3200 Bore inches 5 125 Stroke inches 4 375 Displacement cubic inches 541 5 Compression ratio 7 3 1 Firing order 1 4 5 3 2 6 Spark occurs degrees BTC 25 Valve rocker clearance hy...

Page 17: ...e Inoperative as generator drive when hand crank is installed DETAIL WEIGHTS 1 STANDARD ENGINE DRY WEIGHT MODEL LBS VO 540 B1B 429 00 VO 540 B1A B1C B1F 430 00 VO 540 B2A B2C 433 00 IVO 540 A1A 435 00 VO 540 B1D B1E 439 00 VO 540 C1A C2A 441 00 VO 540 B2D B2E 442 00 VO 540 B2G 443 00 VO 540 C2A C2B B1B3 444 00 VO 540 C2C B1H3 445 00 VO 540 C1C3 453 00 Above weight includes carburetor or fuel injec...

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Page 19: ...rocedures Carbureted Engines 3 1 Fuel Injected Engines 3 2 Cold Weather Starting 3 2 Ground Running and Warm Up 3 3 Checks Before Take Off 3 3 Operation in Flight Use of Carburetor Heat Control 3 4 Fuel Mixture Leaning Procedure 3 5 Engine Shut Down 3 5 Engine Flight Chart 3 5 Operating Conditions 3 6 Performance Curves 3 8 ...

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Page 21: ...is necessary insofar as operation is concerned however new or newly overhauled engines should be operated using only the lubricating oils recommended in the latest revision of Service Instruction No 1014 NOTE Cruising should be done at 65 to 75 power until a total of 50 hours has accumulated or oil consumption has stabilized This is to insure proper seating of the piston rings and is applicable to...

Page 22: ...t heat cold 3 Turn fuel valve on 4 Turn on boost pump until a slight but steady flow is indicated 5 Move mixture control to idle cut off 6 Crack throttle approximately 1 8 open 7 Set magneto selector switch Consult airframe manufacturer s handbook for correct position 8 Engage the starter switch 9 When engine starts move the magneto selector switch to Both 10 Move mixture control slowly and steadi...

Page 23: ...NGS 5 GROUND RUNNING AND WARM UP a Leave aircraft control in Full Rich b Idle engine until oil pressure reaches 50 psi minimum Consult airframe manufacturer s handbook for rotor and engine speed c Limit ground running to minimum time necessary to warm engine for take off 6 CHECKS BEFORE TAKE OFF a Check both oil temperature and oil pressure b Set carburetor air heat control for Full Heat to check ...

Page 24: ...charge with a resultant loss of density Since power output depends upon the mass of charge induced into the cylinders heating the mixture will involve a loss of power and a decided variation of the mixture High charge temperatures favor both detonation and pre ignition both of which are to be avoided if normal service life is to be expected from the engine The following outline is the proper metho...

Page 25: ...ove and ambient air temperature is 70 F or above idle the engine at 2200 RPM until a significant drop in head temperature is noted before shutdown at least 40 F As ambient temperatures increase it may be necessary to increase idle time before shutdown b Move mixture control to idle cut off c When engine stops turn switches off 9 ENGINE FLIGHT CHART FUEL AND OIL Model Aviation Grade Fuel VO 540 B S...

Page 26: ...ired Maximum Above 60 F 30 to 90 F 0 to 70 F Below 10 F 180 F 82 C 180 F 82 C 180 F 82 C 170 F 71 C 235 F 113 C 235 F 113 C 235 F 113 C 210 F 99 C Engine oil temperature should not be below 140 F 60 C during continuous operation OIL PRESSURE Oil Pressure psi Max Min Idling VO 540 and IVO 540 Series 85 55 25 TIVO 540 Series 70 50 25 LIMITING MANIFOLD PRESSURE Model Sea Level 1000 feet VO 540 B1D B2...

Page 27: ... C 60 Rated 3200 16 4 0 61 500 F 260 C TIVO 540 A Series Max Continuous 3200 31 5 1 40 500 F 260 C 90 Rated 3200 27 8 1 26 500 F 260 C 80 Rated 3200 23 0 1 12 500 F 260 C 70 Rated 3200 18 3 0 74 500 F 260 C TIVO 540 A Series Manifold Pressure in hg at Standard Altitude Temperature to Compressor Inlet for Maximum Continuous Power and Speed Sea Level 5000 feet 10 000 feet 14 000 feet 31 0 29 8 31 0 ...

Page 28: ...SECTION 3 LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS VO IVO TIVO 540 SERIES Figure 3 1 Fuel Consumption VO 540 B1A B1B B1C B1F B1B3 B1H3 3 8 ...

Page 29: ...LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL SECTION 3 VO IVO TIVO 540 SERIES OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Figure 3 2 Sea Level and Altitude Performance VO 540 B1A B1B B1C B1F B1B3 B1H3 3 9 ...

Page 30: ...SECTION 3 LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS VO IVO TIVO 540 SERIES Figure 3 3 Fuel Consumption VO 540 B1D B2D B1E B2E B2G 3 10 ...

Page 31: ...LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL SECTION 3 VO IVO TIVO 540 SERIES OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Figure 3 4 Sea Level and Altitude Performance VO 40 B1D B2D B1E B2E B1G 3 11 ...

Page 32: ...SECTION 3 LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS VO IVO TIVO 540 SERIES Figure 3 5 Fuel Consumption VO 540 C1A C2A C1B C2B C2C 3 12 ...

Page 33: ...LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL SECTION 3 VO IVO TIVO 540 SERIES OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Figure 3 6 Sea Level and Altitude Performance VO 540 C1A C2A C1B C2B C2C 3 13 ...

Page 34: ...SECTION 3 LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS VO IVO TIVO 540 SERIES Figure 3 7 Fuel Consumption VO 540 C1C3 3 14 ...

Page 35: ...LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL SECTION 3 VO IVO TIVO 540 SERIES OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Figure 3 8 Sea Level and Altitude Performance VO 540 C1C3 3 15 ...

Page 36: ...SECTION 3 LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS VO IVO TIVO 540 SERIES Figure 3 9 Fuel Consumption vs Engine Power IVO 540 A1A 3 16 ...

Page 37: ...LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL SECTION 3 VO IVO TIVO 540 SERIES OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Figure 3 10 Sea Level and Altitude Performance IVO 540 A1A 3 17 ...

Page 38: ...SECTION 3 LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS VO IVO TIVO 540 SERIES Figure 3 11 Fuel Consumption TIVO 540 A2A 3 18 ...

Page 39: ...LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL SECTION 3 VO IVO TIVO 540 SERIES OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Figure 3 12 Sea Level and Altitude Performance TIVO 540 A2A 3 19 ...

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Page 41: ... Page General 4 1 Daily Pre Flight Inspection Engine 4 2 Turbocharger 4 2 25 Hour Inspection Engine 4 2 50 Hour Inspection Engine 4 2 Turbocharger 4 4 100 Hour Inspection Engine 4 4 Turbocharger 4 4 400 Hour Inspection Engine 4 5 Non Scheduled Inspection 4 5 ...

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Page 43: ...n but are meant for the engine only Consult the airframe manufacturer s handbook for additional instructions Pre Starting Inspection The daily pre flight inspection is a check of the aircraft prior to the first flight of the day This inspection is to determine the general condition of the aircraft and engine The importance of proper pre flight inspection cannot be over emphasized Statistics prove ...

Page 44: ...dations b Turbocharger 1 Inspect mounting and connections for turbocharger for security lubricant or air leakage 2 Check engine crankcase breather for restrictions to breather 2 25 HOUR INSPECTION ENGINE After the first twenty five hours operating time new rebuilt or newly overhauled engines should undergo a 50 hour inspection including draining and renewing lubricating oil 3 50 HOUR INSPECTION EN...

Page 45: ... replacement c Lubrication System 1 Check oil lines for leaks particularly at connections for security of anchorage and for wear due to rubbing or vibration for dents and cracks 2 Drain and refill external oil tanks of less than 15 quart capacity Consult the latest revision of Service Instruction No 1014 for recommended lubricating oil Seasonal grades are listed in Section 5 3 a of this manual 3 R...

Page 46: ...d be replaced Replace clamps on loose wires and check terminals for security and cleanliness b Magnetos Check condition of breaker points Check for excessive oil in the breaker compartment if found wipe dry with a clean lintless cloth The felt located at the breaker points should be lubricated in accordance with the magneto manufacturer s instructions Check magneto timing Timing procedure is descr...

Page 47: ...ion Remove rocker box covers and check for freedom of valve rocker when valves are closed Look for evidence of abnormal wear or broken parts in the area of the valve tips valve keeper springs and spring seats If any indications are found the cylinder and all of its components should be removed including the piston and connecting rod assembly and inspected for further damage Replace any parts that ...

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Page 49: ...ut 5 2 Fuel System Repair of Fuel Leaks 5 2 Carburetor Inlet Screen Assembly 5 3 Fuel Grades and Limitations 5 3 Air Intake Ducts and Filters 5 3 Idle Speed and Mixture Adjustment 5 3 Lubrication System Oil Grades and Limitations 5 4 Pre Oiling Procedure 5 4 Oil Filter 5 4 Oil Pressure Relief Valve 5 5 Cylinders 5 5 Turbocharger Control System Exhaust Bypass Valve 5 8 Density Controller 5 8 ...

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Page 51: ... indicated by a positive pressure inside the cylinder tending to push thumb off spark plug hole Look into timing hole and continue turning crankshaft until timing pin and timing mark on the chamfered tooth of camshaft gear are in alignment At this point engine is at 25 BTC on compression stroke of No 1 cylinder and is ready for assembly of the magnetos NOTE If the crankshaft is accidentally turned...

Page 52: ...s should go out Bring the crankshaft slowly back in direction of normal rotation until the timing pin and the timing mark are in alignment At this point both lights should go on simultaneously Tighten nuts to specified torque c Generator or Alternator Output The generator or alternator whichever is applicable should be checked to determine that the specified voltage and current are being obtained ...

Page 53: ...t the engine idles at the airframe manufacturer s recommended idling RPM If the RPM changes appreciably after making idle mixture adjustment during the succeeding steps readjust the idle speed to the desired RPM NOTE The idle mixture must be adjusted with the boost pump on 4 When the idling speed has been stabilized move the cockpit mixture control lever with a smooth steady pull toward the Idle C...

Page 54: ...e of 20 lbs is indicated on the gauge 7 Allow starter to cool and again engage starter for several minute periods Allow starter to cool after each engagement NOTE Lack of pressure build up or rapid drop off of pressure is an indication of air in the line To remedy this repeat steps 2 and 3 and continue until pressure is indicated 8 Reinstall spark plugs NOTE These steps are necessary in all dry su...

Page 55: ... and remove spark plugs 4 Remove rocker box cover and rotate crankshaft until piston is approximately at top center of the compression stroke This approximate position may be located by observing top of piston through the spark plug hole and also noting the valve action 5 Remove rocker shaft covers from cylinder head 6 Slide valve rocker shafts from cylinder head far enough so that the valve rocke...

Page 56: ...ulled out If the socket cannot be removed in this manner it may be removed by grasping the edge of the socket with a pair of needle nose pliers However care should be exercised to avoid scratching the socket 2 To remove the hydraulic tappet plunger assembly use the special Lycoming service tool In the event this tool is not available the assembly may be removed by bending a hook in the end of a pi...

Page 57: ...mpressor assemble the cylinder over the piston so that the intake and exhaust ports are toward the rear of the engine Push the cylinder all the way on catching the ring compressor as it is pushed off and assemble the cylinder base hold down nuts Before installing cylinder hold down nuts lubricate crankcase thru studs with any of the following lubricants or combination of lubricants 90 SAE 50W oil ...

Page 58: ...ove the push rod and install a longer or shorter push rod as required to correct clearance NOTE Inserting a longer push rod will decrease the clearance 7 Install intercylinder baffle rocker box cover tighten to 50 in lbs intake pipe rocker box drain tube and exhaust manifold 5 TURBOCHARGER CONTROL SYSTEM TIVO 540 The control system consisting of the density controller and the exhaust bypass valve ...

Page 59: ...lockwire and remove hex plug in end of controller unit Insert a screwdriver and turn counterclockwise to decrease and clockwise to increase the full throttle manifold pressure The unit is very sensitive and must only be adjusted in small increments 1 8 turn of the adjustment is equal to approximately 1 in MAP NOTE When adjusting the density controller a constant check must be made to the inlet gau...

Page 60: ...SECTION 5 LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES VO IVO TIVO 540 SERIES Figure 5 2 Exhaust Bypass Valve Waste Gate Open and Closed Settings 5 10 ...

Page 61: ...LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL SECTION 5 VO IVO TIVO 540 SERIES MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES Figure 5 3 Density Control Fuel Throttle Setting Limits 5 11 ...

Page 62: ...SECTION 5 LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES VO IVO TIVO 540 SERIES Figure 5 4 Approximate Calibration Chart for Density Controller 5 12 ...

Page 63: ... 6 2 Failure of Engine to Develop Full Power 6 2 Low Oil Pressure 6 3 High Oil Temperature 6 3 Excessive Oil Consumption 6 4 Cold Weather Difficulties 6 4 Engine Does Not Stop 6 4 TROUBLE SHOOTING TURBOCHARGER Engine Loses Power at Altitude 6 5 Engine Surges 6 5 High Deck Pressure 6 5 Low Deck Pressure 6 6 Waste Gate Butterfly 6 6 ...

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Page 65: ...irected in Section 3 Overpriming Leave ignition off and mixture control in Idle Cut Off open throttle and unload engine by cranking for a few seconds Incorrect throttle setting Open throttle to one fourth of its range Defective spark plugs Clean and adjust or replace spark plugs Defective ignition wire Check with electric tester and replace any defective wires Defective battery Replace with charge...

Page 66: ...at night Extreme cases indicated by black smoke from exhaust Check controls overhaul carburetor or fuel injector Leaks in induction system Tighten all connections Replace defective parts Defective spark plugs Clean or replace spark plugs Poor fuel Fill tank with fuel of recommended grade Magneto breaker points not working properly Clean points Check internal timing of magnetos Defective ignition w...

Page 67: ...ust valve See Section 5 Dirt in relief valve Remove and clean oil pressure relief valve High oil temperatures See High Oil Temperature in Trouble column Defective pressure gauge Replace gauge Stoppage in oil pump intake passage Check lines and filter for obstructions Failed or failing bearings Check sump for metal particles High Oil Temperature Insufficient oil supply Fill oil to proper level Impr...

Page 68: ... new rings Incorrect installation of piston rings Install new rings Cold Weather Difficulties Cold oil Move aircraft into a heated hangar Heat oil Inaccurate pressure readings In extreme cold weather oil pressure readings up to approximately 100 psi do not necessarily indicate malfunctioning Overpriming Leave ignition off and mixture control in Idle Cut Off open throttle and unload engine by crank...

Page 69: ... valve linkage binding Correct cause of binding Engine Smokes Controller metering valve stem seal broken causing oil to leak into the manifold Replace controller Turbocharger Noisy Excessive radial and or axial play Replace turbocharger High Deck Pressure Compressor Discharge Pressure Controller metering valve not opening aneroid bellows leaking Replace controller assembly or replace aneroid bello...

Page 70: ... valve butterfly not closing 1 Low pressure Clogged orifice in inlet to actuator 2 Butterfly shaft binding Check bearings Turbocharger impeller binding frozen or rubbing housing Check bearings Replace turbocharger Piston seal in actuator leaking Usually accompanied by oil leakage at drain line Remove and replace actuator or disassemble and replace packing Exhaust Bypass Valve Butterfly Opens when ...

Page 71: ... Preparation for Installation Engine 7 1 Carburetors or Fuel Injectors 7 1 Preparation for Storage Preservation Run 7 2 Fuel 7 2 Oil 7 2 Duration of Run 7 2 Cylinders 7 2 Carburetors or Fuel Injectors 7 3 Shipping Case 7 3 Recommended Procedure for Re Preservation 7 3 ...

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Page 73: ...sticking and if they are this condition can be eliminated by coating the valve stems generously with a mixture of gasoline and lubricating oil After the oil sump has been drained drain plug should be replaced tightened and safety wired Fill the external tank to proper level with lubricating oil The crankshaft should again be turned several revolutions to saturate the interior of the engine with cl...

Page 74: ...ceed 180 F Ignition harness temperatures should be held within the prescribed limits At the completion of the preservative run while the engine is warm drain the preservative oil NOTE Preservative oil drained from a single engine may be saved and returned to the stock tank provided the mixture is replenished to the original quantity after the preservation of each engine Where the stock tank capaci...

Page 75: ...vailable apply 10 15 psi air pressure to the fuel inlet until all fuel is discharged from the outlet Replace plugs and apply preservative oil Specification MIL 0 6081 Grade 1010 through a 10 micron filter at 13 15 psi to the fuel inlet until oil is discharged from the outlet Replace inlet and outlet plugs and pack in a suitable container CAUTION DO NOT EXCEED THE RECOMMENDED AIR PRESSURES AS INTER...

Page 76: ...ponsibility of the engine manufacturer after engines have been shipped from the engine manufacturer s plant It shall be the responsibility of the consignee to put engines into service in the order of storage preparation date to reduce the storage period to a minimum Figure 7 1 Installation Drawing Right Side View Typical VO 540 Series 7 4 ...

Page 77: ...LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL SECTION 7 VO IVO TIVO 540 SERIES INSTALLATION AND STORAGE Figure 7 2 Installation Drawing Lower Left Side Typical VO 540 Series 7 5 ...

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Page 79: ...LYCOMING OPERATOR S MANUAL SECTION 8 TABLES Page Table of Limits 8 1 Full Throttle HP at Altitude 8 2 Table of Speed Equivalents 8 2 Centigrade Fahrenheit Conversion 8 3 Inch Fraction Conversions 8 4 ...

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Page 81: ...MMENDATIONS AND INFORMATION CONCERNING TOLERANCES AND DIMENSIONS THAT MUST BE MAINTAINED IN LYCOMING AIRCRAFT ENGINES CONSULT LATEST REVISION OF SPECIAL SERVICE PUBLICATION NO SSP 1776 CONSULT LATEST REVISION OF SERVICE INSTRUCTION NO 1029 FOR INFORMATION PERTINENT TO CORRECTLY INSTALLING CYLINDER ASSEMBLY 8 1 ...

Page 82: ... 000 58 7 22 000 44 0 4 000 87 5 16 000 56 5 22 500 43 3 5 000 84 6 17 000 54 3 23 000 42 2 6 000 81 7 17 500 53 1 23 500 41 4 7 000 78 9 18 000 52 1 24 000 40 3 8 000 76 2 18 500 51 4 24 500 39 5 9 000 73 5 19 000 50 0 25 000 38 5 TABLE OF SPEED EQUIVALENTS Sec Mi M P H Sec Mi M P H Sec Mi M P H 72 0 50 24 0 150 14 4 250 60 0 60 22 5 160 13 8 260 51 4 70 21 2 170 13 3 270 45 0 80 20 0 180 12 8 28...

Page 83: ...10 14 0 137 78 280 536 0 17 8 0 32 0 143 33 290 554 0 12 22 10 50 0 148 89 300 572 0 6 67 20 68 0 154 44 310 590 0 1 11 30 86 0 160 00 320 608 0 4 44 40 104 0 165 56 330 626 0 10 00 50 122 0 171 11 340 644 0 15 56 60 140 0 176 77 350 662 0 21 11 70 158 0 182 22 360 680 0 26 67 80 176 0 187 78 370 698 0 32 22 90 194 0 193 33 380 716 0 37 78 100 212 0 198 89 390 734 0 43 33 110 230 0 204 44 400 752 ...

Page 84: ... 3 969 21 32 6562 3382 16 669 11 64 1719 0232 4 366 43 64 6719 3545 17 065 3 16 1875 0276 4 762 11 16 6875 3712 17 462 7 32 2187 0376 5 556 23 32 7187 4057 18 256 15 64 2344 0431 5 593 47 64 7344 4235 18 653 1 4 25 0491 6 350 3 4 75 4418 19 050 9 32 2812 0621 7 144 25 32 7812 4794 19 844 19 64 2969 0692 7 540 51 64 7969 4987 20 241 5 16 3125 0727 7 937 13 16 8125 5185 20 637 11 32 3437 0928 8 731 ...

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