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Section 5: Radar Interpretation

Interpreting images on your radar screen involves as much art as it

does science. If you want to be confident with your radar at night, you

need  to  practice  in  daylight.  To  be  ready  for  fog  or  a  blinding  rain

squall, you must practice in fair weather.
Making you an expert radar reader is beyond the scope of this opera-

tion manual. We strongly suggest you seek additional sources of infor-

mation. For a start, the following pages will show you a few basic radar

returns and how to interpret them. See the end of this section for other

information sources that go into much greater detail.

Anti-Rain Clutter (FTC or Fast Time Constant)

The following five figures show how boosting the FTC level can cut

through display clutter caused by rain or snow. Note how these areas of

intense rainfall gradually grow fainter as FTC increases.

Anti-Rain Clutter (FTC) fig. 1. FTC set to zero. In these examples, we

are using a color mode other than default full-color.

WARNING:

Increasing FTC may reduce or eliminate weak echoes,

like those from small vessels. Use only the minimum

amount needed, then check back periodically to see if

the FTC level may be decreased or turned off.

Rain

Rain

Summary of Contents for 988-0161-011

Page 1: ...Pub 988 0161 011 www lowrance com Radar Operation Instruction Manual...

Page 2: ...onal Marine Elec tronics Association Lowrance Electronics may find it necessary to change or end our policies regulations and special offers at any time We reserve the right to do so without notice Al...

Page 3: ...r Delay 10 Adjust Trigger Delay 10 Adjust Main Bang Suppression 12 Adjust Heading Line 13 Adjust Transmit Off Zone 14 Adjust Tune 15 Section 3 Basic Operation 17 Pages 17 Radar Only 17 Radar with Map...

Page 4: ...ction 4 Advanced Operation 31 Reading the Display 31 Gain 31 Range Rings 31 Anti Sea Clutter STC 32 Anti Rain Clutter FTC 32 Electronic Bearing Line EBL 32 Variable Range Markers 32 Select an EBL and...

Page 5: ...e used but that the radar operator must be knowledgeable in all opera tional aspects of radar performance or otherwise face a greater risk of liability if an accident occurs Caution If you purchased a...

Page 6: ...ately turn off the radar equipment and move the person away from the antenna Turn off the radar whenever it is necessary to work on the an tenna unit or other equipment in the beam of the radar WARNIN...

Page 7: ...how use the memory card in your package to update your display unit software to make it radar ready For your convenience this information is also repeated below Second is the Radar and RIM 100 Install...

Page 8: ...nual We ve made it easy for you to keep up with our latest updates just subscribe to our free e mail software release notices Look for the link at the bottom of our Product Software Upgrades web page...

Page 9: ...are re ferred to as targets By knowing how long it takes for a signal to return the distance to a tar get can be determined As the radar antenna scans through a 360 degree rotation it can show where t...

Page 10: ...nge Range Ring Interval Echo Trail status Anti Rain Clutter Anti Sea Clutter Radar Echo Expansion status Interference Rejection status Gain level Electronic Bearing Line position for EBLs 1 2 and 3 Hi...

Page 11: ...white but a free color version in Acrobat PDF format is available for display or download from the Lowrance web site The color manual is particularly useful for understanding Sec 5 Radar Interpretatio...

Page 12: ...6 Notes...

Page 13: ...re unsure or do not understand the following instruc tions it is strongly recommended that an experienced radar technician handles radar setup and the installation of radar hardware Getting Started 1...

Page 14: ...will enter STANDBY mode 8 Access the Radar Setup menu to make sure your radar display is set to Heading Up and is set to a Full Color scheme Press MENU select RADAR SETUP and press ENT Radar Setup sel...

Page 15: ...to 1 8 nm make sure you are on the Radar Only page and press MENU 2 Use to select RADAR RANGE and press ENT which will call up the Radar Range list Press to select 1 8 nm and press ENT You also can se...

Page 16: ...ger Delay vertical scrollbar 3 Press until Trigger Delay is set to zero percent Press EXIT Adjust Trigger Delay This feature eliminates the time lag between real radar returns and the time it takes da...

Page 17: ...receding example Increasing Gain too much can cause distortion of the rings 4 Press to increase the level of Trigger Delay which will decrease the size of the ring If you have a 4 kW radar as the larg...

Page 18: ...SUP PRESSION and press ENT That will launch the Main Bang Suppression vertical scrollbar 2 The small red ring we adjusted during Trigger Delay setup will still be on the display 3 Press slowly Main B...

Page 19: ...ne zero point on your display is lined up with the bow of your vessel Before heading line adjustment After heading line adjustment The bow of the ship is lined up with the tip of the peninsula left bu...

Page 20: ...one is shown in bright red the remaining area of the PPI is considered the Transmit Zone Color is exaggerated here for clarity on screen the off zone actually appears in a dimmer shade so as not to di...

Page 21: ...ar display 3 Press EXIT when the Transmit Off Zone is set To remove the zone repeat Step 1 then set both dialog boxes back to zero and press EXIT Adjust Tune Tuning should require no adjustment during...

Page 22: ...16 Notes...

Page 23: ...Radar with Map and Radar with Gauges Radar Page Menu with Radar Only selected To access Radar page display options 1 Press PAGES then use to highlight the radar tab 2 Use to select the desired radar p...

Page 24: ...S information in digital and analog gauge formats NOTE For instructions on customizing the gauges window with digital in formation or analog gauges refer to the overlay data entry in your unit s instr...

Page 25: ...desired echoes A high level of the Gain allows you to see greater detail around you but will clutter the screen NOTE When adjusting Gain back to a useable level increase the level un til you see a lig...

Page 26: ...ter vertical scrollbar will appear 2 Use to adjust Anti Sea Clutter to a desired level Press EXIT to remove the scrollbar from the screen Anti Rain Clutter FTC This is used to reduce or eliminate mass...

Page 27: ...splay unit which is helpful when you want to see targets a great distance from you You also can decrease the range to focus on targets closing in on you NOTE When switching radar ranges you likely wil...

Page 28: ...om the radar menu and press ENT which will launch the Echo Trail Interval menu 2 The Echo Trail Interval menu will display a series of intervals with options ranging from Continuous to Off Use to high...

Page 29: ...ts default position Adjust Radar PPI Offset selected left PPI moved to the left of center of the radar display right Notice when the PPI is moved Off Center will appear in the upper left hand corner o...

Page 30: ...to log radar data unless you have a unit with a hard drive The following units can log radar data LCX 26cHD LCX 111cHD GlobalMap 6600cHD Global Map 7600cHD The Chart Logging menu also allows you to c...

Page 31: ...stop or play NOTE Stop will only appear in the File Information menu if the file is cur rently being used by the unit Selecting STOP will bring to a halt the unit s use of the file When the file is n...

Page 32: ...ected in File Information window right 3 To stop playing the chart currently in use highlight STOP and press ENT The play button will replace the stop button on the File Informa tion window Press EXIT...

Page 33: ...shown in green and the weakest returns will be colored blue Radar Setup selected on System Setup menu left Radar Color Scheme highlighted on Radar Setup menu right To adjust the Radar Color Scheme 1 F...

Page 34: ...ion where the antenna stops Repeat the steps above un til the desired location is achieved Press EXIT to return to the main page display Remember you must not be moving when attempting to adjust Anten...

Page 35: ...r Your unit has a simulator that gives you the opportunity to get familiar with radar operation before heading out on the water To access the Radar Simulator 1 From a radar page press MENU MENU use to...

Page 36: ...Press to RADAR SIMULATOR ON and press ENT to turn on check the simulator checkbox Repeat these steps to turn off the simulator Press EXIT repeatedly to get back to the main page display NOTE You can t...

Page 37: ...o Gain displays the current Gain setting for your radar display NOTE When adjusting Gain back to a useable level increase the level un til you see a light peppering on the display Also remember you wi...

Page 38: ...e bottom corners of the screen right Variable Range Markers A range ring used to measure the precise distance to a target the vari able range marker may be adjusted to measure any distance within the...

Page 39: ...ou can use one EBL VRM option at a time or all three at once To use more than one EBL VRM option at time make sure the radar page is the active page press ENT then press to launch the EBL and VRM menu...

Page 40: ...target Variable Range Marker and Electronic Bearing Line To reposition EBL and VRM 1 Press to launch the EBL VRM selection menu 2 Select the EBL VRM you want to reposition and press ENT 3 Use to move...

Page 41: ...the bottom left and right hand corners of the screen To remove EBL VRM from the display 1 Press to call up the EBL VRM menu Select the EBL VRM you want to remove and press ENT 2 Press EXIT and the des...

Page 42: ...36 VRMs and EBLs allow you to track the distance and bearing of multiple radar targets VRM1 VRM2 VRM3 EBL1 EBL3 EBL2...

Page 43: ...ns and how to interpret them See the end of this section for other information sources that go into much greater detail Anti Rain Clutter FTC or Fast Time Constant The following five figures show how...

Page 44: ...38 Anti Rain Clutter FTC fig 2 FTC set to 12 Anti Rain Clutter FTC fig 3 FTC set to 25...

Page 45: ...39 Anti Rain Clutter FTC fig 4 FTC set to 50 Anti Rain Clutter FTC fig 5 FTC set to 62 The rain has virtually disappeared from the screen...

Page 46: ...ats will be trailed Color mode is default Echo Trail update interval set to 30 seconds Echo Trails fig 1 Elapsed time zero Echo Trails fig 2 Elapsed time 5 seconds Arrows show travel direction Targets...

Page 47: ...l indicates higher speed than targets with more solid trails Be alert this boat is a collision risk Echo Trails fig 3 Elapsed time 8 seconds Echo Trails fig 4 Elapsed time 12 seconds Target 5 veered b...

Page 48: ...fig 1 Bow is headed into the wind Here boats ap pear as larger red targets Birds are smaller green targets Small boat targets fig 2 Boat has turned with the wind and wave clutter off port quarter Boat...

Page 49: ...oat targets fig 3 Landmasses return a strong echo and thus appear red in default color mode Small boat targets fig 4 Three targets with one boat just offshore Wave action Boats Boat Boat Wave action B...

Page 50: ...el for how radar displays a shoreline This channel is sur rounded by steeply sloping rocky hills Radar signals are strictly line of sight so this causes land further inland to show no return Numbered...

Page 51: ...45 Shoreline fig 3 Shoreline fig 4 1 7 9 10 11 2 5 4 6 1 7 6 9 10 8 2 3 5 1 7 6 9 11 10 2 5 4 4 1 7 8 9 10 2 3 4 5 6 11 11 12 12 13 13 3 3 8 8 12 12...

Page 52: ...national Inland by the United States Coast Guard COMDTINST M16672 2D ISBN 0 16 050057 5 229 pages Published in 1999 by U S Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents Mail Stop SSOP Washing...

Page 53: ...lly and vertically Clutter undesirable echoes created by rain snow waves and other intermittent causes Course Up a mode in which the direction travel is represented at the top of the radar display EBL...

Page 54: ...rotat ing scanner PPI Plan Position Indicator The PPI provides a map like repre sentation of target echoes Radar Overlay radar display images laid over an electronic chart Radome a single housing con...

Page 55: ...transmit a microwave pulse Tuning intermediate frequency adjustment that enhances the per formance of the radar VRM Variable Range Marker a range ring used to measure the precise distance to a target...

Page 56: ...protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate ra dio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instru...

Page 57: ...ENT OR REFUND AS JUST DESCRIBED IS THE EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AVAILABLE TO YOU AGAINST US FOR ANY DEFECT MALFUNCTION OR NON CONFORMITY CONCERNING THE PRODUCT OR FOR ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE RESULTING FROM ANY OTH...

Page 58: ...ge or end our ship ping policies regulations and special offers at any time We reserve the right to do so without notice in Canada If you re in Canada and you have technical return or repair questions...

Page 59: ...product for repair or replacement you must first receive a return authorization number from Customer Service Products shipped without a return authorization will not be accepted When shipping we reco...

Page 60: ...Visit our web site Lowrance Pub 988 0161 011 Copyright 2006 All Rights Reserved Printed in USA 033106 Lowrance Electronics Inc...

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