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to human populations, but
10 or more years follow-up
may be needed to provide
answers about some health
effects, such as cancer.
This is because the
interval between the time
of exposure to a cancer-
causing agent and the time
tumors develop - if they
do may be many, many
years. The interpretation
of epidemiological studies
is hampered by diffi culties
in measuring actual RF
exposure during day-to-day
use of wireless phones.
Many factors affect this
measurement, such as the
angle at which the phone
is held, or which model of
phone is used.
6. What is the FDA doing
to fi nd out more about
the possible health
effects of wireless
phone RF?
The FDA is working with
the U.S. National Toxicology
Program and with groups
of investigators around
the world to ensure that
high priority animal studies
are conducted to address
important questions about
the effects of exposure
to radiofrequency energy
(RF). The FDA has been
a leading participant
in the World Health
Organization International
Electromagnetic Fields
(EMF) Project since its
inception in 1996. An
infl uential result of this work
has been the development
of a detailed agenda of
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