Kal-Equip OBD II System Tester 9615 User Manual Download Page 36

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A/C:

Air Conditioning.

A/F:

Air/Fuel ratio. This refers to the proportion of

air and fuel delivered to the cylinder for com-

bustion. For example, if you have 14 times

more air than fuel (by weight) then the A/F

ratio is 14:1 (read as “fourteen to one”). The

ideal operating A/F ratio in an automotive

application is 14.7:1.

AC Clutch Relay:

The PCM uses this relay to energize the A/C

clutch, turning the A/C system on or off.

AC Pressure Sensor:

This sensor is connected to the A/C refriger-

ant  line.  It  measures  refrigerant  pressure

and sends a voltage signal to the PCM. The

PCM will turn off the A/C system (by de-ener-

gizing the A/C Clutch Relay) to prevent com-

pressor damage if the pressure is too high

or low.

AC Pressure Switch:

This  is  a  mechanical  switch  connected  to

the A/C refrigerant line. The switch is acti-

vated (sending a signal to the PCM) when

the A/C refrigerant pressure becomes too

low. The PCM will turn off the A/C system (by

de-energizing the A/C Clutch Relay) to pre-

vent  compressor  damage.  Some  vehicles

have  a  second  switch  activated  when  the

refrigerant pressure is too high.

Actuator:

Devices that are powered by the PCM to con-

trol  things.  Actuator  types  include  relays,

solenoids, and motors. Actuators allow the

PCM to control system operation.

Air Injection Reaction (AIR) System:

This  is  an  emission  control  system  oper-

ated by the PCM. During cold starts, an air

pump  injects  outside  air  into  the  exhaust

manifold  to  help  burn  hot  exhaust  gases.

This  reduces  pollution  and  speeds  warm-

up of oxygen sensors and catalytic convert-

ers. After the engine is warm, the air will ei-

ther be “dumped” back to the atmosphere

(or into the air cleaner assembly) or sent to

the catalytic converter. There are several

versions of the AIR system, depending on

the vehicle.

Analog Signal:

A voltage signal which can have any volt-

age  reading.  For  example,  thermistors

send  analog  signals  indicating  small

changes  in  temperature.  In  contrast  are

digital  signals,  which  are  either  “high”  or

“low” with no variations in between. Also

see “Digital Signal” definition.

BARO:

Barometric  Pressure  Sensor.  See  “MAP

Sensor” definition for full explanation.

Boost Control Solenoid:

Used  on  certain  supercharger-equipped

engines.  This  solenoid  is  normally  ener-

gized by the PCM, allowing the supercharger

system to operate normally. Under high en-

gine speed and load conditions, the PCM

de-energizes the solenoid to reduce boost

pressure.

Brake Switch Signal:

An input signal to the PCM indicating that

the brake pedal is being pressed. Vehicles

with Cruise Control Systems monitor the

brake switch to determine when to engage

or  disengage  the  cruise  control  function.

The brake switch may also have a circuit

supplying power to the Torque Converter

Clutch  (TCC)  solenoid.  This  connection

insures  the  TCC  solenoid  will  disengage

when the brake pedal is depressed. Also

see “TCC” definition.

CAM:

Camshaft  Position  Sensor.  This  sensor

sends a frequency signal to the PCM. Ve-

hicles with sequential fuel injection (SFI) use

this signal to synchronize the injector firing

order. Some DIS type ignition systems use

this signal to synchronize spark plug firing.

CARB:

California Air Research Board

Appendix C: Glossary of Terms

Summary of Contents for OBD II System Tester 9615

Page 1: ...ecks 8 2 2 OBD II Functions 8 Read Codes 9 Pending Codes or Continuous Test Codes 10 Erase Codes 11 View Data 12 View Freeze Data 12 Record Data 13 Playback Data 14 O2 Monitor Test 16 Non Continuous T...

Page 2: ...W 55th Street New York NY 10019 Suitable manuals have titles such as Electronic Engine Controls Fuel Injection and Feedback Carburetors Fuel Injection and Electronic Engine Controls Emissions Control...

Page 3: ...attery are highly flammable and explosive Never leave vehicle unattended while running tests Always keep a fire extinguisher suitable for gasoline electrical chemical fires handy Always use extreme ca...

Page 4: ...its computer will store a record of the event and take corrective action to adjust the circuit at fault The OBD II System Tester will allow you to monitor these vehicle events and read DTCs from the...

Page 5: ...ool Problems to find the cause KEYPAD The OBD II System Tester software was designed for ease in operation and naviga tion through the menus Simply follow the instructions that match the keypad symbol...

Page 6: ...key to select that function To make a different choice such as View Data use the DOWN arrow key to move the cursor down to 4 View Data and press the ENTER key to select the View Data function Sometim...

Page 7: ...ormation available on the previous screen Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to page up or down through a series of On Line Help screens The On Line Help screen shown above has a in the last column To vie...

Page 8: ...h sharp edges this happens frequently Contact with hot surfaces such as exhaust manifolds Pinched burned or chafed insulation Proper routing and connections o Check electrical connectors for Corrosion...

Page 9: ...ction Menu will display Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the choices IMPORTANT If you choose a test that your vehicle does not support you will get a message telling you that the test...

Page 10: ...odes or Continuous Test Codes The purpose of this function is to obtain test results for continuously monitored emission related powertrain components and systems Certain tests are run continuously as...

Page 11: ...s you should erase codes only after you have checked the systems completely Erase Codes should be performed at Key On Engine Off to properly clear the PCM To Erase Codes from your vehicles on board co...

Page 12: ...s select View Data from the OBD II Function Menu and press the ENTER key The OBD II System Tester will display the generic OBD II PIDs supported for the vehicle under test Not all vehicles will have t...

Page 13: ...ce started Frames will be recorded for 8 to 35 seconds the number of Frames depends on the vehicle s data rate and quantity of PIDs The Record Data function allows you to diagnose an intermit tent pro...

Page 14: ...g on the number of PIDs All applicable data parameters will be recorded for your vehicle When the recording is in progress screens like the example below are displayed for the duration of the recordin...

Page 15: ...change from a positive to the first negative number viewed This is normal The LEFT RIGHT arrow may be used to scroll through all time intervals A Frame is a snapshot of engine operating conditions at...

Page 16: ...sen sors Listing the sensors together makes their data easier to compare Tests not supported by the test vehicle will return three dashes after the sensor name NOTE If you get an Operating Error messa...

Page 17: ...4 On Line Help and Trouble Shooting Tips Select a test xx from the list then press the ENTER key Selected test results are re quested by the OBD II System Tester may also include test limits Only one...

Page 18: ...s ON then try again If the problem remains refer to Section 4 On Line Help and Trouble Shooting Tips I M Readiness The purpose of the I M Inspection and Maintenance Readiness function is to display th...

Page 19: ...of the OBD II monitor name followed by the monitor s condition A monitor that is not supported by the test vehicle will have n a after it A monitor that has been completed will be followed by OK If a...

Page 20: ...the third digit by using the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the third digit characters until the desired character is displayed _ Entering Second Digit P00x0 To enter the second code digit press th...

Page 21: ...rary of code definitions If the trouble code number does not exist a No Code Definition Found message will be displayed Press the ENTER key to return to the Code Lookup screen to enter another trouble...

Page 22: ...le problems and tool problems Both might affect your test Remember the OBD II System Tester always goes through a SELF CHECK each time you power the unit up Use the troubleshooting tips below to help...

Page 23: ...the fuse block in the passenger compartment If the PCM fuse is blown the vehicle s on board computer cannot transmit data Check to be sure your vehicle s calibration is OBD II compatible Make sure th...

Page 24: ...o check the functionality of the OBD II System Tester s keypad Select Keyboard Test from the Tool Self Test menu then press the ENTER key The Keyboard Test screen with instructions is displayed Each t...

Page 25: ...older non computerized engine It is still an internal combustion engine with pistons spark plugs valves and camshaft s The ignition charging starting and exhaust systems are very similar as well You...

Page 26: ...ottle openings and adds the appropriate amount of fuel to the mixture at the carburetor Fuel injection is some what more sophisticated in the way it delivers fuel The computer still adds an appropriat...

Page 27: ...n operate in the closed loop mode Closed loop mode constantly corrects to obtain an air fuel mixture at the ideal 14 7 1 But in stop and go cycles the O2 sensor may in fact cool down enough that the c...

Page 28: ...y called diagnostic trouble codes or DTCs For example a code P0122 might mean throttle position sensor signal voltage is too low Generic code meanings are a part of your OBD II System Tester s softwar...

Page 29: ...ior to starting the vehicle This is a normal test of all the dashboard message lights _ Malfunction Indicator Lamp problem spotted If the Malfunction Indicator Lamp does not come on you may have an el...

Page 30: ...re Check wiring and bulb for Check Engine light failures Refer to vehicle service manual for additional diagnostic information On OBD II vehicles the Malfunction Indicator Lamp also signals an emissio...

Page 31: ...ce is controlled by PCM on most vehicles monitoring this PID shows the spark output from the PCM The OBD II System Tester would display IGN ADV 10 CALCULATED These data parameters are calculated after...

Page 32: ...0 psig or 0 765 kPa Fuel pressure is a measurement of the fuel rail regulated pressure A sensor sends the PCM an electrical signal which is converted to psig or kPa depending upon English or Metric to...

Page 33: ...h mixture correction in response to a lean operating condition A negative reading indicates that the PCM has commanded a long term lean mixture in response to a rich operating condition Fuel Trim is u...

Page 34: ...forms you the test vehicle meets Federal OBD II requirements CA FED California and Federal OBD II requirements are meet when this status is displayed OBD 1 A display of OBD 1 informs you that the test...

Page 35: ...rich operating condition Fuel Trim is adjusted by varying the fuel injector pulse widths Short term Fuel Trim corrections operate only in closed loop mode In open loop mode the number usually default...

Page 36: ...d speeds warm up of oxygen sensors and catalytic convert ers After the engine is warm the air will ei ther be dumped back to the atmosphere or into the air cleaner assembly or sent to the catalytic co...

Page 37: ...ing the engine coolant It sends a voltage signal to the PCM indicating the temperature of the coolant The PCM uses this signal for control of fuel delivery spark advance and EGR flow Data Link Connect...

Page 38: ...If the signal is high only one fourth of the time then the duty cycle is 25 A duty cycle of 0 means the signal is always at a low value and not changing A duty cycle of 100 means the signal is always...

Page 39: ...ttle position coolant tem perature engine load vehicle speed Park Neutral switch position and knock sensor condition EVAP Evaporative Emissions System EVRV Electronic Vacuum Regulator Valve This actua...

Page 40: ...thin the air by pass passage When the PCM wants to change idle speed it will move the pintle backwards for more air and a fast idle or forward for less air and a slower idle ICM Ignition Control Modul...

Page 41: ...these gases at the tailpipe O2S This is an oxygen sensor that is threaded into the exhaust system directly in the stream of exhaust gases The PCM uses the sensor to fine tune fuel delivery The sensor...

Page 42: ...ble Read Only Memory The PROM contains programming information the PCM needs to operate a specific ve hicle model Pending Codes Also referred to as Continuous Memory codes and Maturing Diagnostic Trou...

Page 43: ...e shaft The shaft is usually connected to a threaded assembly which moves back and forth to control things such as idle speed bypass air flow see IAC definition TBI Throttle Body Injection A fuel inje...

Page 44: ...l build number VSS Vehicle Speed Sensor This sensor sends a frequency signal to the PCM The frequency increases as the vehicle moves faster to give the PCM vehicle speed information used to determine...

Page 45: ...45 NOTES...

Page 46: ...46 NOTES...

Page 47: ...47 NOTES...

Page 48: ...LOST PROFITS AND OR INJURY TO PROPERTY SOME STATES DO NOTALLOWTHEEXCLUSIONORLIMITATIONOFINCIDENTALORCONSEQUENTIALDAM AGES SOTHISLIMITATIONOREXCLUSIONMAYNOTAPPLYTOASPECIFICBUYER THIS WARRANTY GIVES YO...

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