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HIGH TEMPERATURE

FURNACE HANDBOOK

ISSUE 8 - 05/05

Page 16 of 37

FIGURE 4

TYPICAL MELT/FREEZE SEQUENCE

A. Initial temperature rise

B. Temperature arrest during melt

C. Furnace-controlled temperature

D. Temperature drop caused by furnace controller adjustment to initiate freeze

E. Depth of supercool (particularly pronounced for tin)

F. Plateau showing constant temperature during freeze

G. End of freeze plateau. Temperature drops to setting of furnace for freeze.

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Summary of Contents for ITL- M-17702

Page 1: ...oint Cell Copper Freeze Point Cell The company is always willing to give technical advice and assistance where appropriate Equally because of the programme of continual development and improvement we...

Page 2: ...ace 13 Realising the Following Fixed Points Aluminium Silver 14 15 Figure 4 Typical Melt Freeze Sequence 16 Cell Handling 17 20 High Temperature Furnace Cell Assembly 21 Fault Finding and After Sales...

Page 3: ...ust be returned carriage paid to the supplier for examination and will be replaced or repaired at our option FRAGILE CERAMIC AND OR GLASS PARTS ARE NOT COVERED BY THIS GUARANTEE INTERFERENCE WITH THIS...

Page 4: ...criterion C ELECTRICAL SAFETY This equipment must be correctly earthed This equipment is a Class 1 Appliance A protective earth is used to ensure the conductive parts cannot become live in the event...

Page 5: ...hot or cold unless wearing the appropriate protective clothing and having the necessary training 6 Do not drill modify or otherwise change the shape of the apparatus 7 Do not dismantle the apparatus...

Page 6: ...Test M Date Earth Impedance Date Temperature cycle to maximum temperature Date Communication s test if applicable PASS Date Laboratory Test at C the profile was optimised Main controller offset C Date...

Page 7: ...nner the insertion of a screwdriver through the tube spanner will prevent the central stud turning 2 Remove the 3 screws securing the transit clamp to the top of the unit Slacken each screw equally by...

Page 8: ...AND THE PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WITH SUCH EQUIPMENT ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION THE FURNACES HAVE BEEN DESIGNED FOR CONVENIENT USE AND MAY BE PLUGGED TO A STANDARD THREE PIN 13 AMPERE SOCKET THEY ARE SUPP...

Page 9: ...in which the furnace was tested prior to shipment The furnace has an over temperature cut off controller Its purpose is to establish an upper temperature limit after which all systems power will be sh...

Page 10: ...ail This thermal fuse should not be replaced after failure until the causative fault has been understood and corrected The terminal posts for fuse connection are sited on the outer shell of the furnac...

Page 11: ...11 of 37 FIGURE 1 SEALED METAL FREEZING POINT CELL A High purity graphite crucible and cover B High purity graphite sleeve C High purity metal D Fused quartz envelope filled to give a pressure of 1 s...

Page 12: ...HIGH TEMPERATURE FURNACE HANDBOOK ISSUE 8 05 05 Page 12 of 37 FIGURE 2 SEALED METAL FREEZING POINT CELL APPROXIMATE BODY DIMENSIONS...

Page 13: ...Fuse for Potassium Heat Pipe only D Control Thermocouple E Over temperature thermocouple F Heating Element G Fibrewool Insulation H Furnace Filler Pipe I Controller J Over temperature controller K Mai...

Page 14: ...e and may be maintained in this condition for any desired period of time for example to accommodate to a calibration schedule For optimal realisation of the freeze plateau the molten cell should be le...

Page 15: ...m Th1 Th2 Thm Th3 Th4 Thm The Thm measured last should be equal in indication to that of the Thm measured first to ensure that the plateau has been present for Th1 etc At the temperatures of Indium Le...

Page 16: ...B Temperature arrest during melt C Furnace controlled temperature D Temperature drop caused by furnace controller adjustment to initiate freeze E Depth of supercool particularly pronounced for tin F...

Page 17: ...d insulation which may smoke and discolour during this first temperature excursion The cell can then be inserted into the basket in readiness for use Please read section concerning cleaning of cells p...

Page 18: ...HIGH TEMPERATURE FURNACE HANDBOOK ISSUE 8 05 05 Page 18 of 37 DRAWING 410 07 00 ISSUE 5 CELL BASKET SHORT GENERAL ASSEMBLY DRAWING 410 07 01 ISSUE 3 TYPE B OPTIMAL CELL BASKET GENERAL ASSEMBLY...

Page 19: ...HIGH TEMPERATURE FURNACE HANDBOOK ISSUE 8 05 05 Page 19 of 37 DRAWING 410 07 04 ISSUE 1 TYPE C OPTIMAL CELL BASKET GENERAL ASSEMBLY...

Page 20: ...HIGH TEMPERATURE FURNACE HANDBOOK ISSUE 8 05 05 Page 20 of 37...

Page 21: ...e in the past to list a number of possible fault modes and corrective actions However our experience suggests that the very low incidence of failure almost implies modes not encountered previously and...

Page 22: ...f 37 SPARE PARTS Control Thermocouple N 935 14 42 Controller 2604 935 06 108 Controller 2216 RS422 935 06 101B Fuse 32A 935 12 48 Relay 110V 935 21 19 Contactor 110V 935 21 18 Rocker Switch 110V 935 2...

Page 23: ...HIGH TEMPERATURE FURNACE HANDBOOK ISSUE 8 05 05 Page 23 of 37 SERVICING THE HIGH TEMPERATURE FURNACE No regular servicing is required THERMOMETRIC FIXED POINTS...

Page 24: ...average value weighted according to individual uncertainties is then used as the ITS temperature value Two phase equilibria may be solid liquid liquid vapour or solid vapour From the Phase Rule of Gib...

Page 25: ...cell The onset of melting is indicated by a cessation of temperature rise because of the latent heat required to produce the phase change This melt plateau can last for a considerable period of time W...

Page 26: ...ture gradient in this locality of the thermometer well to obtain an accurate measurement under this condition The closest approach to temperature uniformity demands insertion of the thermometer to the...

Page 27: ...3 3 2 2 ITL M 17669 ITL M 17701 3 4 ZINC FP 419 527 692 677 4 3 2 7 ITL M 17671 ITL M 17701 2 3 ALUMINIUM FP 660 323 933 473 7 0 1 6 ITL M 17672 ITL M 17702 SILVER FP 961 78 1234 93 6 0 5 4 ITL M 176...

Page 28: ...is consistent with its materials and purpose it must still be regarded as a kilogram or more of mass loosely contained in a frangible shell Cells should never be inverted although they may be slowly...

Page 29: ...It may leak its enclosed gas and atmospheric air may leak into it The pressure at the freeze point may as a consequence be incorrect and more seriously contamination may occur Sealed quartz cells can...

Page 30: ...wever the technique requiring association of cells with other equipment involves subtlety and operator sensitivity Before relying upon measurements made in them the operator should perform enough free...

Page 31: ...S AND INFORMATION Isotech operates one of the worlds most comprehensive UKAS supervised Laboratories Training is available to customers at an agreed daily rate The Isothermal Journal of Thermometry is...

Page 32: ...appropriate water connections are provided Without water cooling the top panel temperature can eventually rise in excess of 100 C It should be remembered that the furnace and its insulation possess a...

Page 33: ...an generally not be removed by heat treatment and consequent shifts in calibration Thermometers can be withdrawn in 1cm length intervals over a period of perhaps 5 minutes until the thermometer temper...

Page 34: ...to control the rate of temperature increase while the sodium is in its solid phase The controller has been programmed automatically to ramp the heat pipe temperature at a controlled rate until it appr...

Page 35: ...00M 4000ft A true RS422 port will be required to realise such lead lengths The Isotech conversion leads are suitable for maximum combined lead lengths of 10M that is adequate for most applications Con...

Page 36: ...pgrades of CNP are retained 4 It is the responsibility of the user to ensure the validity of all stored results and printed certificates Isothermal Technology Ltd accept no responsibility for any erro...

Page 37: ...pplication and necessary LabVIEW run time support files 4 Should you ever need to uninstall the software then use the Add Remove Programs option from the Control Panel Starting Cal NotePad From a Stan...

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