InGateway Documentation, Release 0.0.1
4.3.1 Static Routing
Static routes are manually configured. After you configure a static route to a destination address, packets
destined for this address will be forwarded along this route. Generally, you do not need to configure static
routes.Parameters of a static route are described as follows:
• Destination: specifies the destination IP address to which packets are sent.
• Netmask: specifies the subnet mask of the destination IP address.
• Interface: specifies the interface through which data packets are forwarded to the destination network.
• Gateway: specifies the IP address of the next router that data packets pass through before reaching
the destination IP address.
• Distance: specifies the priority of the route. A smaller value indicates a higher priority.
4.3.2 Dynamic Routing
The interior gateway protocol used in an autonomous system (AS) can be the Open Shortest Path First
(OSPF) protocol or Routing Information Protocol (RIP).
4.3.2.1 RIP
The RIP protocol is applicable to small-sized networks. It measures the distance to a destination by hop
count, which is called metric. The number of hops from a router to a directly connected network is 0, and the
number of hops to a network reachable through another router is 1. That is, the hop count increases with the
number of intermediate routers. To limit the convergence time, RIP defines a metric range of 0-15. A hop
count of 16 or larger is considered infinite, indicating that the destination network or host is unreachable.
To improve the routing performance and prevent routing loops, RIP provides the split horizon feature. RIP
can also import routing information learned by other routing protocols.
The RIP parameters are described as follows:
• Enable: enables or disables RIP.
• Update Timer: specifies the interval at which the router sends route updates. The valid value range is
5-2147483647, and the unit is second.
• Timeout Timer: specifies the aging time of a route. If the router does not receive any Update packet
for a route within the aging time, it sets the metric of this route to 16 in the routing table. The valid
value range is 5-2147483647, and the unit is second.
• Garbage Collection Timer: specifies the amount of time before a route is removed from the routing
table after its metric is set to 16. Within the garbage collection period, RIP sends Update packets for
this route with the metric of 16. If the route is not updated when the garbage collection timer expires,
the route is permanently removed from the routing table. The valid value range is 5-2147483647.
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