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HP A8800 Series, Configuration Manual

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321 

Task Command 

Remarks 

Display IPv6 PIM snooping 
routing entries. 

display pim-snooping ipv6 routing-table

 [ 

vlan

 

vlan-id

 ] [ 

slot

 

slot-number

 ] [ 

|

 { 

begin

 | 

exclude

 

| 

include

 } 

regular-expression

 ] 

Available in any view.

 

Display the statistics of IPv6 PIM 
messages that IPv6 PIM 

snooping obtains. 

display pim-snooping ipv6 statistics 

[ 

|

 { 

begin

 

| 

exclude

 | 

include

 } 

regular-expression

 ]

 

Available in any view.

 

Clear the statistics of IPv6 PIM 
messages that IPv6 PIM 

snooping obtains. 

reset pim-snooping ipv6 statistics 

Available in user view.

 

 

IPv6 PIM snooping configuration example 

Network requirements 

As shown in 

Figure 86

, Source 1 sends multicast data to IPv6 multicast group FF1E::101, and Source 2 

sends multicast data to IPv6 multicast group FF2E::101. Receiver 1 belongs to multicast group FF1E::101, 

and Receiver 2 belongs to multicast group FF2E::101. Router C and Router D run MLD on their interface 

GigabitEthernet 3/1/1. Router A, Router B, Router C, and Router D run IPv6 PIM-SM, and interface 
GigabitEthernet 3/1/2 on Router A acts as a C-BSR and C-RP. 
Configure MLD snooping and IPv6 PIM snooping on Router  E  so  that  Router  E  forwards  IPv6  PIM 

messages and multicast data to only the routers that are interested in the multicast data. 

Figure 86

 

Network diagram 

 

 

Configuration procedure 

1.

 

Enable IPv6 forwarding on the devices, configure an IPv6 address and prefix length for each 

interface according to 

Figure 86

. (Details not shown.)  

2.

 

On Router A, enable IPv6 multicast routing, enable IPv6 PIM-SM on each interface, and configure 
interface GigabitEthernet 3/1/2 as a C-BSR and C-RP.  

<RouterA> system-view 

[RouterA] multicast ipv6 routing-enable 

[RouterA] interface GigabitEthernet 3/1/1 

Summary of Contents for A8800 Series

Page 1: ...HP A8800 Routers IP Multicast Configuration Guide Part number 5998 1744 Software version A8800 CMW520 R3627 Document version 6W102 20130906 ...

Page 2: ...IS MATERIAL INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Hewlett Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this material The only warranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accom...

Page 3: ...nctions 21 Setting aging timers for dynamic ports 22 Configuring static ports 22 Configuring a port as a simulated member host 23 Enabling fast leave processing 24 Disabling a port from becoming a dynamic router port 25 Configuring IGMP snooping querier 25 Enabling IGMP snooping querier 26 Configuring parameters for IGMP queries and responses 26 Configuring source IP address for IGMP queries 27 Co...

Page 4: ...ntries in a multicast VLAN 56 Displaying and maintaining a multicast VLAN 56 Multicast VLAN configuration example 57 Network requirements 57 Configuration procedure 57 Configuring multicast routing and forwarding 61 Overview 61 RPF check mechanism 61 Static multicast routes 63 Multicast forwarding across unicast subnets 65 Multicast traceroute 65 Configuration task list 66 Enabling IP multicast ro...

Page 5: ...GMP proxying 99 Enabling IGMP proxying 99 Configuring multicast forwarding on a downstream interface 99 Displaying and maintaining IGMP 100 IGMP configuration examples 102 Basic IGMP functions configuration example 102 SSM mapping configuration example 104 IGMP proxying configuration example 107 Troubleshooting IGMP 108 No membership information exists on the receiver side router 108 Membership in...

Page 6: ...4 Configuring the prune delay 156 Configuring PIM common timers 156 Configuring join prune message sizes 158 Configuring PIM to work with BFD 158 Displaying and maintaining PIM 159 PIM configuration examples 160 PIM DM configuration example 160 PIM SM non scoped zone configuration example 164 PIM SM admin scoped zone configuration example 169 BIDIR PIM configuration example 175 PIM SSM configurati...

Page 7: ...ling route advertisement and reception 221 Configuration prerequisites 221 Configuring MBGP route redistribution 222 Configuring default route redistribution into MBGP 222 Configuring MBGP route summarization 223 Advertising a default route to an IPv4 MBGP peer or peer group 223 Configuring outbound MBGP route filtering 224 Configuring inbound MBGP route filtering 225 Configuring MBGP route dampen...

Page 8: ...bleshooting MD VPN 285 A share MDT cannot be established 285 An MVRF cannot be created 286 Configuring MLD snooping 287 Overview 287 Basic concepts in MLD snooping 287 How MLD snooping works 289 MLD snooping proxying 290 Protocols and standards 291 MLD snooping configuration task list 292 Configuring MLD snooping basic functions 293 Enabling MLD snooping 293 Specifying the version of MLD snooping ...

Page 9: ...IM snooping 323 IPv6 PIM snooping does not work 323 Some downstream IPv6 PIM capable routers cannot receive multicast data 324 Configuring IPv6 multicast VLANs 325 Overview 325 IPv6 multicast VLAN configuration task list 326 Configuring a sub VLAN based IPv6 multicast VLAN 326 Setting the maximum number of forwarding entries for IPv6 multicast VLANs 327 Displaying and maintaining IPv6 multicast VL...

Page 10: ...SM mappings 362 Configuring MLD proxying 362 Enabling MLD proxying 362 Configuring IPv6 multicast forwarding on a downstream interface 363 Displaying and maintaining MLD 363 MLD configuration examples 365 Basic MLD functions configuration example 365 MLD SSM mapping configuration example 367 MLD proxying configuration example 370 Troubleshooting MLD 371 No member information exists on the receiver...

Page 11: ...une delay 415 Configuring IPv6 PIM common timers 416 Configuring join prune message sizes 417 Configuring IPv6 PIM to work with BFD 417 Displaying and maintaining IPv6 PIM 418 IPv6 PIM configuration examples 419 IPv6 PIM DM configuration example 419 IPv6 PIM SM non scoped zone configuration example 423 IPv6 PIM SM admin scoped zone configuration example 428 IPv6 BIDIR PIM configuration example 440...

Page 12: ...ng and optimizing IPv6 MBGP networks 459 Configuration prerequisites 459 Configuring IPv6 MBGP soft reset 460 Enabling the IPv6 MBGP ORF capability 461 Configuring the maximum number of ECMP routes 462 Configuring a large scale IPv6 MBGP network 462 Configuration prerequisites 462 Configuring an IPv6 MBGP peer group 462 Configuring IPv6 MBGP community 463 Configuring an IPv6 MBGP route reflector 4...

Page 13: ... information services The term router in this document refers to both routers and Layer 3 switches Unless otherwise stated the term multicast in this document refers to IP multicast Information transmission techniques The information transmission techniques include unicast broadcast and multicast Unicast In unicast transmission the information source must send a separate copy of information to eac...

Page 14: ... D and Host E need the information If the information is broadcast to the subnet Host A and Host C also receive it In addition to information security issues broadcasting to hosts that do not need the information also causes traffic flooding on the same subnet Broadcast is disadvantageous in transmitting data to specific hosts Moreover broadcast transmission is a significant waste of network resou...

Page 15: ...addition data broadcast is confined to the same subnet but multicast is not Multicast features A multicast group is a multicast receiver set identified by an IP multicast address Hosts join a multicast group to become members of the multicast group before they can receive the multicast data addressed to that multicast group Typically a multicast source does not need to join a multicast group An in...

Page 16: ...lticast transmission G Rendezvous point tree RPT or a multicast packet that any multicast source sends to multicast group G Here the asterisk represents any multicast source and G represents a specific multicast group S G Shortest path tree SPT or a multicast packet that multicast source S sends to multicast group G Here S represents a specific multicast source and G represents a specific multicas...

Page 17: ...in multicast sources The SSM model provides a transmission service that enables users to specify the multicast sources that they are interested in at the client side The main difference between the SSM model and the ASM model is that in the SSM model receivers have already determined the locations of the multicast sources by some other means In addition the SSM model uses a multicast address range...

Page 18: ... packet destined for an address in this block will not be forwarded beyond the local subnet regardless of the TTL value in the IP header 224 0 1 0 to 238 255 255 255 Globally scoped group addresses This block includes the following types of designated group addresses 232 0 0 0 8 SSM group addresses 233 0 0 0 8 Glop group addresses 239 0 0 0 to 239 255 255 255 Administratively scoped multicast addr...

Page 19: ...ess Flags The Flags field contains four bits Figure 5 Format of the Flags field Table 4 Description on the bits of the Flags field Bit Description 0 Reserved set to 0 R When set to 0 this address is an IPv6 multicast address without an embedded RP address When set to 1 this address is an IPv6 multicast address with an embedded RP address The P and T bits must also be set to 1 P When set to 0 this ...

Page 20: ...it 25 is 0 and the other 23 bits are the least significant 23 bits of a multicast IPv4 address Figure 6 IPv4 to MAC address mapping The most significant four bits of a multicast IPv4 address are 1110 Only 23 bits of the remaining 28 bits are mapped to a MAC address so five bits of the multicast IPv4 address are lost As a result 32 multicast IPv4 addresses map to the same IPv4 multicast MAC address...

Page 21: ...PIM snooping IPv6 PIM snooping multicast VLAN and IPv6 multicast VLAN IPv4 and IPv6 multicast protocols For IPv4 networks IGMP snooping PIM snooping multicast VLAN IGMP PIM MSDP and MBGP For IPv6 networks MLD snooping IPv6 PIM snooping IPv6 multicast VLAN MLD IPv6 PIM and IPv6 MBGP This section provides only general descriptions about applications and functions of the Layer 2 and Layer 3 multicast...

Page 22: ...hin an AS to deliver multicast data to receivers Among a variety of mature intra domain multicast routing protocols Protocol Independent Multicast PIM is most widely used Based on the forwarding mechanism PIM includes dense mode often referred to as PIM DM and sparse mode often referred to as PIM SM An inter domain multicast routing protocol is used for delivery of multicast information between tw...

Page 23: ...st VLAN or IPv6 multicast VLAN feature is enabled on the Layer 2 device the Layer 3 multicast device sends only one copy of multicast to the multicast VLAN or IPv6 multicast VLAN on the Layer 2 device This approach avoids waste of network bandwidth and extra burden on the Layer 3 device Multicast packet forwarding mechanism In a multicast model a multicast source sends information to the host grou...

Page 24: ...rom the public network As shown in Figure 10 VPN A and VPN B separately access the public network through PE devices Figure 10 VPN networking diagram The provider P device belongs to the public network The customer edge CE devices belong to their respective VPNs Each CE device serves its own VPN and maintains only one set of forwarding mechanisms The provider edge PE devices connect to the public ...

Page 25: ...d multicast routing table In a VPN the device forwards multicast data based on the forwarding table or routing table for that VPN Implements the isolation between different VPNs Implements information exchange and data conversion between the public network and VPN instances As shown in Figure 10 when a multicast source in VPN A sends a multicast stream to a multicast group only the receivers that ...

Page 26: ... all Layer 2 devices With IGMP snooping enabled the Layer 2 switch forwards multicast packets for known multicast groups to only the receivers that require the data at Layer 2 This feature improves bandwidth efficiency enhances multicast security and helps per host accounting for multicast users Figure 11 Before and after IGMP snooping is enabled on the Layer 2 device Basic concepts in IGMP snoopi...

Page 27: ...ecified router ports and member ports in this document include both static and dynamic router ports and member ports NOTE An IGMP snooping enabled device deems that all its ports that receive IGMP general queries with the source IP address other than 0 0 0 0 or that receive PIM hello messages are dynamic router ports For more information about PIM hello messages see Configuring PIM Aging timers fo...

Page 28: ...s dynamic router port If the port that received the query is not in the router port list the device adds it into its router port list as a dynamic router port and starts an aging timer for this dynamic router port When receiving a membership report A host sends an IGMP report to the IGMP querier in the following circumstances If the host has been a member of a multicast group after receiving an IG...

Page 29: ...t the device forwards the leave message to all router ports in the VLAN Because the device does not know whether any other hosts attached to the port are still listening to that group address the device does not immediately remove the port from the forwarding entry for that group Instead it restarts the aging timer for the port After receiving the IGMP leave message the IGMP querier resolves the m...

Page 30: ...o the group membership that it maintains and sends the report out of all router ports Group specific query In response to the IGMP group specific query for a certain multicast group the proxy sends the report to the group out of all router ports if the forwarding entry for the group still contains a member port Report After receiving a report for a multicast group the proxy looks up the multicast ...

Page 31: ...imulated member host Optional Enabling fast leave processing Optional Disabling a port from becoming a dynamic router port Optional Configuring IGMP snooping querier Enabling IGMP snooping querier Optional Configuring parameters for IGMP queries and responses Optional Configuring source IP address for IGMP queries Optional Configuring IGMP snooping proxying Enabling IGMP snooping proxying Optional...

Page 32: ...GMP snooping functions Before you configure the basic IGMP snooping functions complete the following tasks Configure the corresponding VLANs Determine the version of IGMP snooping Enabling IGMP snooping When you enable IGMP snooping follow these guidelines You must enable IGMP snooping globally before you enable it for a VLAN After you enable IGMP snooping for a VLAN do not enable IGMP or PIM on t...

Page 33: ...You can modify the maximum number of entries in the IGMP snooping forwarding table When the number of forwarding entries maintained by the router reaches the upper limit the router gives a prompt asking you to manually remove the excessive entries In this case the router does not automatically remove any existing entries or create any new entries To set the maximum number of IGMP snooping forwardi...

Page 34: ...terval 105 seconds by default 4 Set the aging timer for the dynamic member ports igmp snooping host aging time interval 260 seconds by default Configuring static ports If all hosts attached to a port are interested in the multicast data addressed to a particular multicast group or the multicast data that a particular multicast source sends to a particular group you can configure the port as a stat...

Page 35: ...ulated member host for a multicast group A simulated host is equivalent to an independent host For example when a simulated member host receives an IGMP query it gives a response separately Therefore the router can continue receiving multicast data A simulated member host acts like a real host in the following ways When a port is configured as a simulated member host the router sends an unsolicite...

Page 36: ...other hosts attached to the port in the same multicast group cannot receive the multicast data for the group The fast leave processing feature functions on a port for a multicast group only if all the attached receiver hosts in that multicast group are running IGMPv2 or IGMPv3 If any of these hosts is running IGMPv1 the fast leave processing feature does not function when the port receives a leave...

Page 37: ...icast users are enhanced To disable a port from becoming a dynamic router port Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter Layer 2 Ethernet interface view Layer 2 aggregate interface view or port group view Enter Layer 2 Ethernet interface view or Layer 2 aggregate interface view interface interface type interface number Enter port group view port group manual port group name ...

Page 38: ... in IGMP querier elections it may affect IGMP querier elections because it sends IGMP general queries with a low source IP address Configuring parameters for IGMP queries and responses You can modify the IGMP general query interval based on actual condition of the network A multicast listening host starts a timer for each multicast group that it has joined when it receives an IGMP query general qu...

Page 39: ...outer receives an IGMP query whose source IP address is 0 0 0 0 it does not enlist the port that received the query as a dynamic router port This might prevent multicast forwarding entries from being correctly created at the data link layer and eventually cause multicast traffic forwarding to fail To avoid this problem when a Layer 2 device acts as the IGMP snooping querier HP recommends that you ...

Page 40: ... enable Disabled by default Configuring the source IP address for the IGMP messages sent by the proxy You can set the source IP addresses for the IGMP reports and leave messages that the IGMP snooping proxy sends on behalf of its attached hosts To configure the source IP addresses for the IGMP messages sent by the proxy in a VLAN Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter VLA...

Page 41: ...er system view system view N A 2 Enter IGMP snooping view igmp snooping N A 3 Configure a multicast group filter group policy acl number vlan vlan list By default no group filter is globally configured that is the hosts in a VLAN can join any valid multicast group Configuring a multicast group filter on a port Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter Layer 2 Ethernet interf...

Page 42: ...the Layer 2 device the Layer 3 device directly connected with it will receive duplicate IGMP reports for the multicast group from these members With the IGMP report suppression function enabled within each query cycle the Layer 2 device forwards only the first IGMP report for the multicast group to the Layer 3 device It does not forward the subsequent IGMP reports for the same multicast group to t...

Page 43: ... igmp snooping group limit limit vlan vlan list 1024 by default Enabling multicast group replacement For various reasons the number of multicast groups that the router or a port joins might exceed the upper limit In addition in some specific applications a multicast group that the router newly joins must replace an existing multicast group automatically A typical example is channel switching To vi...

Page 44: ...abled by default Enabling the IGMP snooping host tracking function With the IGMP snooping host tracking function the router can record the information of the member hosts that are receiving multicast traffic including the host IP address running duration and timeout time You can monitor and manage the member hosts according to the recorded information Enabling the IGMP snooping host tracking funct...

Page 45: ...for all IGMP messages learned by IGMP snooping reset igmp snooping statistics Available in user view NOTE The reset igmp snooping group command works only on an IGMP snooping enabled VLAN but not on a VLAN with IGMP enabled on its VLAN interface The reset igmp snooping group command cannot remove the static group entries of IGMP snooping groups IGMP snooping configuration examples Group policy and...

Page 46: ...A GigabitEthernet2 1 2 quit 3 Configure Device A Enable IGMP snooping globally DeviceA system view DeviceA igmp snooping DeviceA igmp snooping quit Switch the link mode of GigabitEthernet 2 1 1 through GigabitEthernet 2 1 4 to Layer 2 mode create VLAN 100 assign GigabitEthernet 2 1 1 through GigabitEthernet 2 1 4 to this VLAN enable IGMP snooping and the function of dropping unknown multicast pack...

Page 47: ...224 1 1 1 as simulated member hosts DeviceA interface GigabitEthernet 2 1 3 DeviceA GigabitEthernet2 1 3 igmp snooping host join 224 1 1 1 vlan 100 DeviceA GigabitEthernet2 1 3 quit DeviceA interface GigabitEthernet 2 1 4 DeviceA GigabitEthernet2 1 4 igmp snooping host join 224 1 1 1 vlan 100 DeviceA GigabitEthernet2 1 4 quit Verify the configuration Display detailed IGMP snooping group informatio...

Page 48: ... on the network To avoid data loops the forwarding path from Device A to Device C is blocked under normal conditions and multicast traffic flows to the receivers attached to Device C only along the path of Device A Device B Device C Configure GigabitEthernet 2 1 3 that connects Device A to Device C as a static router port so that multicast traffic can flows to the receivers nearly uninterruptedly ...

Page 49: ...igure Device A Enable IGMP snooping globally DeviceA system view DeviceA igmp snooping DeviceA igmp snooping quit Switch the link mode of GigabitEthernet 2 1 1 through GigabitEthernet 2 1 3 to Layer 2 mode create VLAN 100 assign GigabitEthernet 2 1 1 through GigabitEthernet 2 1 3 to this VLAN and enable IGMP snooping in the VLAN DeviceA interface GigabitEthernet 2 1 1 DeviceA GigabitEthernet2 1 1 ...

Page 50: ... 1 port link mode bridge DeviceB GigabitEthernet2 1 1 quit DeviceB interface GigabitEthernet 2 1 2 DeviceB GigabitEthernet2 1 2 port link mode bridge DeviceB GigabitEthernet2 1 2 quit DeviceB vlan 100 DeviceB vlan100 port GigabitEthernet 2 1 1 GigabitEthernet 2 1 2 DeviceB vlan100 igmp snooping enable DeviceB vlan100 quit 5 Configure Device C Enable IGMP snooping globally DeviceC system view Devic...

Page 51: ...iceC GigabitEthernet2 1 5 quit Verify the configuration Display detailed IGMP snooping group information in VLAN 100 on Device A DeviceA display igmp snooping group vlan 100 verbose Total 1 IP Group s Total 1 IP Source s Total 1 MAC Group s Port flags D Dynamic port S Static port C Copy port P PIM port Subvlan flags R Real VLAN C Copy VLAN Vlan id 100 Total 1 IP Group s Total 1 IP Source s Total 1...

Page 52: ...hernet 2 1 3 and GigabitEthernet 2 1 5 on Device C have become static member ports for multicast group 224 1 1 1 IGMP snooping querier configuration example Network requirements As shown in Figure 16 in a Layer 2 only network environment two multicast sources Source 1 and Source 2 send multicast data to multicast groups 224 1 1 1 and 225 1 1 1 respectively Host A and Host C are receivers of multic...

Page 53: ...idge DeviceA GigabitEthernet3 1 2 quit DeviceA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 3 DeviceA GigabitEthernet3 1 3 port link mode bridge DeviceA GigabitEthernet3 1 3 quit DeviceA vlan 100 DeviceA vlan100 port GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 GigabitEthernet 3 1 3 Enable IGMP snooping and the function of dropping unknown multicast packets in VLAN 100 DeviceA vlan100 igmp snooping enable DeviceA vlan100 igmp snooping...

Page 54: ...3 1 1 to GigabitEthernet 3 1 4 Enable IGMP snooping and the function of dropping unknown multicast packets in VLAN 100 DeviceB vlan100 igmp snooping enable DeviceB vlan100 igmp snooping drop unknown DeviceB vlan100 quit The configuration on Device C and Device B is similar to that on Device B Verify the configuration After the IGMP snooping querier starts to work all the devices but the querier ca...

Page 55: ...ward the queries to the hosts on behalf of Router A Figure 17 Network diagram Configuration procedure 1 Assign an IP address and subnet mask to each interface as per Figure 17 Details not shown 2 On Router A enable IP multicast routing enable IGMP on GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 and enable PIM DM on each interface RouterA system view RouterA multicast routing enable RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 ...

Page 56: ...GigabitEthernet 3 1 4 DeviceA vlan100 igmp snooping enable DeviceA vlan100 igmp snooping proxying enable DeviceA vlan100 quit Verify the configuration After the configuration is completed Host A and Host B send IGMP join messages for group 224 1 1 1 Receiving the messages Device A sends a join message for the group out of GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 a router port to Router A Use the display igmp snoopin...

Page 57: ...wever it does not remove the group or forward the leave message to Router A because Host B is still in the group Use the display igmp snooping group command to display information about IGMP snooping groups For example Display information about IGMP snooping groups on Device A DeviceA display igmp snooping group Total 1 IP Group s Total 1 IP Source s Total 1 MAC Group s Port flags D Dynamic port S...

Page 58: ...pecific multicast groups the hosts can still receive multicast data addressed to other multicast groups Analysis The ACL rule is incorrectly configured The multicast group policy is not correctly applied The function of dropping unknown multicast data is not enabled so unknown multicast data is flooded Solution 1 Use the display acl command to check the configured ACL rule Make sure that the ACL r...

Page 59: ...s IGMP messages as unknown messages in the VLAN After receiving a PIM hello message the router maintains the corresponding dynamic router port If IGMP is disabled on the router one of the following occurs If PIM is disabled the router deletes all its dynamic member ports and dynamic router ports If PIM is enabled the router deletes only its dynamic member ports but not its dynamic router ports NOT...

Page 60: ...ast data to multicast group G1 and Source 2 sends multicast data to multicast group G2 Receiver 1 belongs to G1 and Receiver 2 belongs to G2 The Layer 2 switch s interfaces that connect to the PIM capable routers are in the same VLAN Multicast packet transmission when only IGMP snooping runs Multicast packet transmission when IGMP snooping and PIM snooping both run Source 1 Source 2 Receiver 1 Rec...

Page 61: ...multicast data to only the routers that are interested in the data saving network bandwidth For more information about IGMP snooping and the router port see Configuring IGMP snooping For more information about PIM see Configuring PIM Configuring PIM snooping Before configuring PIM snooping for a VLAN be sure to enable IGMP snooping globally and specifically for the VLAN To configure PIM snooping S...

Page 62: ...ulticast group 224 1 1 1 and Source 2 sends multicast data to multicast group 225 1 1 1 Receiver 1 belongs to multicast group 224 1 1 1 and Receiver 2 belongs to multicast group 225 1 1 1 Router C and Router D run IGMP on their interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 Router A Router B Router C and Router D run PIM SM and interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 on Router A acts as a C BSR and C RP Configure IGMP s...

Page 63: ...3 1 1 pim sm RouterC GigabitEthernet3 1 1 igmp enable RouterC GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterC interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 RouterC GigabitEthernet3 1 2 pim sm 5 Configure Router D in the same way as you configure Router C Details not shown 6 Configure Router E Enable IGMP snooping globally RouterE system view RouterE igmp snooping RouterE igmp snooping quit Switch the link mode of GigabitEthe...

Page 64: ...4 03 07 22 LAN Prune Delay The output shows that Router A Router B Router C and Router D are PIM snooping neighbors On Router E display PIM snooping routing information about VLAN 100 RouterE display pim snooping routing table vlan 100 Total 2 entry ies FSM Flag NI no info J join PP prune pending VLAN ID 100 Total 2 entry ies 224 1 1 1 Upstream neighbor 10 1 1 1 Total number of downstream ports 1 ...

Page 65: ...e status of downstream routers that the join prune message fragments carry To ensure the normal operation of the system PIM snooping must broadcast join prune message fragments in the VLAN However if the VLAN has a PIM capable router that has the join suppression function enabled the broadcast join prune message fragments might suppress the join messages of other PIM capable routers in the VLAN As...

Page 66: ...ution to this issue With the multicast VLAN feature the Layer 3 device needs to replicate the multicast traffic only in the multicast VLAN instead of making a separate copy of the multicast traffic in each user VLAN This saves the network bandwidth and lessens the burden of the Layer 3 device The device supports the sub VLAN based multicast VLAN feature As shown in Figure 21 Host A Host B and Host...

Page 67: ...mber of forwarding entries in a multicast VLAN Optional Configuring a sub VLAN based multicast VLAN Before configuring a sub VLAN based multicast VLAN complete the following tasks Create VLANs as required Enable IGMP snooping in the VLAN to be configured as a multicast VLAN Configuration guidelines You need to configure a VLAN as a multicast VLAN and then configure user VLANs as sub VLANs of the m...

Page 68: ...ulticast VLAN reaches the upper limit the system does not automatically remove any existing entries or create any new entries HP recommends that you remove excessive entries manually To configure the maximum number of entries in the forwarding table Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Configure the maximum number of forwarding entries in a multicast VLAN multicast vlan entry...

Page 69: ...that belong to different VLANs Figure 22 Network diagram Configuration procedure 1 Configure Router A Enable IP multicast routing RouterA system view RouterA multicast routing enable Create VLAN 20 and assign GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 into this VLAN RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 2 port link mode bridge RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 2 quit RouterA vlan 20 RouterA vlan2...

Page 70: ...face10 quit 2 Configure Switch A Enable IGMP snooping globally SwitchA system view SwitchA igmp snooping SwitchA igmp snooping quit Create VLAN 2 and assign GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 to this VLAN SwitchA vlan 2 SwitchA vlan2 port GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 SwitchA vlan2 quit Create VLAN 3 and assign GigabitEthernet 3 1 3 to this VLAN SwitchA vlan 3 SwitchA vlan3 port GigabitEthernet 3 1 3 SwitchA vlan3 qui...

Page 71: ... Source s Total 4 MAC Group s Port flags D Dynamic port S Static port C Copy port P PIM port Subvlan flags R Real VLAN C Copy VLAN Vlan id 2 Total 1 IP Group s Total 1 IP Source s Total 1 MAC Group s Router port s total 0 port s IP group s the following ip group s match to one mac group IP group address 224 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 224 1 1 1 Host port s total 1 port s GE3 1 2 D MAC group s MAC group address ...

Page 72: ...oup address 0100 5e01 0101 Host port s total 1 port s GE3 1 4 Vlan id 10 Total 1 IP Group s Total 1 IP Source s Total 1 MAC Group s Router port s total 1 port s GE3 1 1 D IP group s the following ip group s match to one mac group IP group address 224 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 224 1 1 1 Host port s total 0 port s MAC group s MAC group address 0100 5e01 0101 Host port s total 0 port s The output shows that IGMP...

Page 73: ...ticast routing entries When creating multicast routing table entries a multicast routing protocol uses the reverse path forwarding RPF check mechanism to ensure multicast data delivery along the correct path In addition the RPF check mechanism also helps avoid data loops caused by various reasons A multicast routing protocol uses the following tables to perform the RPF check Unicast routing table ...

Page 74: ...icast source to the RP the packet source for RPF check is the RP For a bootstrap message from the bootstrap router BSR the packet source for RPF check is the BSR For more information about the concepts of SPT RPT source side RPT RP and BSR see Configuring PIM RPF check implementation in multicast forwarding Implementing an RPF check on each received multicast data packet would bring a big burden t...

Page 75: ... interface is the incoming interface of the S G entry the router forwards the packet out of all outgoing interfaces When a multicast packet arrives on POS 5 1 2 of Router C as the interface is not the incoming interface of the S G entry the router performs an RPF check on the packet The router searches its unicast routing table and finds that the outgoing interface to the source the RPF interface ...

Page 76: ...g is stopped due to lack of an RPF route By configuring a static multicast route for a given multicast source you can create an RPF route so that a multicast routing entry is created to guide multicast traffic forwarding Figure 25 Creating an RPF route As shown in Figure 25 the RIP domain and the OSPF domain are unicast isolated from each other When no static multicast route is configured the host...

Page 77: ...own in Figure 26 with a GRE tunnel established between Router A and Router B Router A encapsulates multicast data in unicast IP packets which are then forwarded by unicast routers to Router B across the GRE tunnel Then Router B strips off the unicast IP header and continues forwarding the multicast data down towards the receivers If unicast static routes are configured across the tunnel any unicas...

Page 78: ...cket and unicasts it to the previous hop 4 When the first hop router receives the request packet it changes the packet type to indicate a response packet and then sends the completed packet via unicast to the multicast traceroute querier Configuration task list Task Remarks Enabling IP multicast routing Required Configuring multicast routing and forwarding Configuring static multicast routes Optio...

Page 79: ...L value required for a multicast packet to be forwarded Determine the maximum number of downstream nodes for a single multicast forwarding table entry Determine the maximum number of entries in the multicast forwarding table Configuring static multicast routes By configuring a static multicast route for a given multicast source you can specify an RPF interface or an RPF neighbor for multicast traf...

Page 80: ...led Configuring a multicast routing policy on the public network Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Configure the device to select an RPF route based on the longest match multicast longest match The route with the highest priority is selected as the RPF route by default 3 Configuring multicast load splitting multicast load splitting source source group Optional Disabled by ...

Page 81: ...nd thus result in lower router performance You can set a limit on the number of entries in the multicast forwarding table based on the actual networking situation and the performance requirements If the configured maximum number of multicast forwarding entries is smaller than the current value the forwarding entries in excess will not be deleted immediately instead they will be deleted by the mult...

Page 82: ...ng table downstream limit limit Optional 128 by default Configuring RPF check failure processing Multicast data packets that have failed an RPF check may need to be processed differently in different networking environments instead of being simply dropped You can enable forwarding IPv6 multicast packets that failed RPF check in the VLAN or enable delivering them to the CPU Configuration guidelines...

Page 83: ... function To enable flooding packets that have failed an RPF check in a VLAN or all VLANs Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enable forwarding packets that have failed an RPF check in the VLAN or all VLANs multicast rpf fail pkt bridging Disabled by default 3 Enter VLAN view vlan vlan id N A 4 Enable the multicast programs on demand function in the VLAN multicast forwarding...

Page 84: ...ulticast transmission failures To display and maintain multicast routing and forwarding Task Command Remarks Display the multicast boundary information display multicast all instance vpn instance vpn instance name boundary group address mask mask length interface interface type interface number begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Display the multicast forwarding table in...

Page 85: ... begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Clear forwarding entries from the multicast forwarding table reset multicast all instance vpn instance vpn instance name forwarding table source address mask mask mask length group address mask mask mask length incoming interface interface type interface number register all Available in user view When a forwarding entry is deleted the...

Page 86: ...1 1 pim dm RouterB GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterB interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 RouterB GigabitEthernet3 1 2 pim dm RouterB GigabitEthernet3 1 2 quit RouterB interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 3 RouterB GigabitEthernet3 1 3 pim dm RouterB GigabitEthernet3 1 3 quit On Router A enable IP multicast routing globally and enable PIM DM on each interface RouterA system view RouterA multicast routing enab...

Page 87: ...te static 50 1 1 100 24 20 1 1 2 Verify the configuration Use the display multicast rpf info command to display the information about the RPF route to the source on Router B RouterB display multicast rpf info 50 1 1 100 RPF information about source 50 1 1 100 VPN instance public net RPF interface GigabitEthernet3 1 2 RPF neighbor 20 1 1 2 Referenced route mask 50 1 1 0 24 Referenced route type mul...

Page 88: ...1 2 pim dm RouterC GigabitEthernet3 1 2 quit On Router A enable IP multicast routing globally and enable PIM DM on each interface RouterA system view RouterA multicast routing enable RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 pim dm RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 2 pim dm RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 2 qu...

Page 89: ...terface GigabitEthernet3 1 3 RPF neighbor 30 1 1 2 Referenced route mask 50 1 1 0 24 Referenced route type multicast static Route selection rule preference preferred Load splitting rule disable RouterC display multicast rpf info 50 1 1 100 RPF information about source 50 1 1 100 VPN instance public net RPF interface GigabitEthernet3 1 2 RPF neighbor 20 1 1 2 Referenced route mask 50 1 1 0 24 Refer...

Page 90: ...nterface tunnel 0 RouterC Tunnel0 ip address 50 1 1 2 24 On Router C specify the tunnel encapsulation mode as GRE over IPv4 and specify the source and destination addresses of the interface RouterC Tunnel0 tunnel protocol gre RouterC Tunnel0 source 30 1 1 2 RouterC Tunnel0 destination 20 1 1 1 RouterC Tunnel0 quit 3 Configure OSPF Configure OSPF on Router A RouterA ospf 1 RouterA ospf 1 area 0 Rou...

Page 91: ...RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 2 quit RouterA interface tunnel 0 RouterA Tunnel0 pim dm RouterA Tunnel0 quit On Router C enable multicast routing globally enable IGMP on GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 and enable PIM DM on each interface RouterC multicast routing enable RouterC interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterC GigabitEthernet3 1 1 igmp enable RouterC GigabitEthernet3 1 1 pim dm RouterC GigabitEthernet3 1...

Page 92: ...F neighbor of Router C and the multicast data from Router A is delivered over a GRE tunnel to Router C Troubleshooting multicast routing and forwarding Static multicast route failure Symptom No dynamic routing protocol is enabled on the routers and the physic status and link layer status of interfaces are both up but the static multicast route fails Analysis If the static multicast route is not co...

Page 93: ...te policy command to check the configured routing policy Multicast data fails to reach receivers Symptom The multicast data can reach some routers but fails to reach the last hop router Analysis If a multicast forwarding boundary has been configured through the multicast boundary command any multicast packet will be kept from crossing the boundary Solution 1 Use the display pim routing table comma...

Page 94: ...st work with the IGMP SSM mapping function to implement the SSM model For more information about the ASM and SSM models see Multicast overview IGMPv1 overview IGMPv1 manages multicast group memberships mainly based on the query and response mechanism All the multicast routers on the same subnet can get IGMP membership report messages often called reports from hosts but the subnet needs only one ro...

Page 95: ...anism known as IGMP report suppression helps reduce traffic on the local subnet 4 At the same time because Host A is interested in G2 it sends a report to the multicast group address of G2 5 Through the query report process the IGMP routers determine that members of G1 and G2 are attached to the local subnet and the multicast routing protocol PIM for example that is running on the routers generate...

Page 96: ...hether a group has members This adds to the leave latency In IGMPv2 when a host leaves a multicast group the following steps occur 1 This host sends a leave message to all routers on the local subnet The destination address is 224 0 0 2 2 After receiving the leave message the querier sends a configurable number of group specific queries to the group that the host is leaving The destination address...

Page 97: ...st data that Source 1 sends to multicast group G denoted as S1 G rather than the multicast data that Source 2 sends to multicast group G denoted as S2 G Thus only multicast data from Source 1 will be delivered to Host B Enhancements in query and report capabilities Query message carrying the source addresses IGMPv3 supports not only general queries feature of IGMPv1 and group specific queries feat...

Page 98: ...ude source list these sources are the addresses that were added to the list IGMP SSM mapping The IGMP SSM mapping feature enables you to configure static IGMP SSM mappings on the last hop router to provide SSM support for receiver hosts that are running IGMPv1 or IGMPv2 The SSM model assumes that the last hop router has already known the desired multicast sources when receivers join multicast grou...

Page 99: ... IGMPv3 reports For more information about the SSM group range see Configuring PIM IGMP proxying In a simple tree shaped topology it is not necessary to configure complex multicast routing protocols such as PIM on the edge devices Instead you can configure IGMP proxying on these devices With IGMP proxying configured the device serves as a proxy for the downstream hosts to send IGMP messages mainta...

Page 100: ...se IGMP in an instance handles protocol packets based on the instance on the interface After receiving an IGMP packet the router determines the instance to which the message belongs and handles the message within the instance If IGMP running in an instance needs to exchange information with another multicast protocol the router informs the other multicast protocol only within the instance Protocol...

Page 101: ... all devices in the domain are interoperable at the network layer Configure PIM DM or PIM SM Determine the IGMP version Determine the multicast group and multicast source addresses for static group member configuration Determine the ACL rule for multicast group filtering Determine the maximum number of multicast groups that an interface can join Enabling IGMP When you enable IGMP follow these guid...

Page 102: ...d with any VPN instance 7 Enable IGMP igmp enable Disabled by default For more information about the ip vpn instance route distinguisher and ip binding vpn instance commands see MPLS Command Reference Configuring IGMP versions Because the protocol packets of different IGMP versions vary in structure and type you must configure the same IGMP version for all routers on the same subnet before IGMP ca...

Page 103: ... as a statically connected member of a multicast group or a multicast source and group Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter interface view interface interface type interface number N A 3 Configure the interface as a static member of a multicast group or a multicast source and group igmp static group group address source source address An interface is not a static member...

Page 104: ...that an interface can join Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter interface view interface interface type interface number N A 3 Configure the maximum number of multicast groups that the interface can join igmp group limit limit The default upper limit varies with interface views and the system operating modes In Layer 2 interface view the default value is 1024 in each sy...

Page 105: ...specific queries and group and source specific queries and multicast groups change dynamically so a device cannot maintain the information for all multicast sources and groups For this reason when an IGMP router receives a multicast packet but cannot locate the outgoing interface for the destination multicast group it must use the Router Alert option to pass the multicast packet to the upper layer...

Page 106: ...nt is user configurable After startup the IGMP querier periodically sends IGMP general queries at the IGMP general query interval to check for multicast group members on the network You can modify the IGMP general query interval based on actual condition of the network The IGMPv2 querier sends IGMP group specific queries at the IGMP last member query interval when it receives an IGMP leave message...

Page 107: ...ly for IGMPv2 and IGMPv3 Configuration procedure To configure IGMP query and response parameters globally Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter public network IGMP view or VPN instance IGMP view igmp vpn instance vpn instance name N A 3 Configure the IGMP querier s robustness variable robust count robust value 2 by default 4 Configure the startup query interval startup q...

Page 108: ...erval IGMP robustness variable maximum response time for IGMP general queries 2 Configuring IGMP fast leave processing In some applications such as ADSL dial up networking only one multicast receiver host is attached to a port of the IGMP querier To allow fast response to the leave messages of the host when it switches frequently from one multicast group to another you can enable IGMP fast leave p...

Page 109: ...nabled the router can record the information of the member hosts that are receiving multicast traffic including the host IP address running duration and timeout time You can monitor and manage the member hosts according to the recorded information Enabling the IGMP host tracking function globally Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter public network IGMP view VPN instance...

Page 110: ...for all hosts on a subnet regardless of the IGMP version running on the hosts enable IGMPv3 on the interface that forwards multicast traffic onto the subnet Configuring SSM mappings By performing this configuration multiple times you can map a multicast group to different multicast sources If IGMPv3 is enabled on a VLAN interface and if a port in that VLAN is configured as a simulated host the sim...

Page 111: ...annot enable other multicast routing protocols such as PIM DM or PIM SM on an interface with IGMP proxying enabled or vice versa However the source lifetime source policy and ssm policy commands configured in PIM view can still take effect In addition in IGMPv1 the DR elected by the working multicast routing protocol such as PIM serves as the IGMP querier Therefore a downstream interface running I...

Page 112: ...Command Display IGMP group information display igmp all instance vpn instance vpn instance name group group address interface interface type interface number static verbose begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Display the Layer 2 port information of IGMP groups display igmp group port info vlan vlan id slot slot number verbose begin exclude include regular expression Avai...

Page 113: ...ular expression Available in any view Display information about the hosts that join the group based on IGMP SSM mappings on an interface display igmp ssm mapping host interface interface type interface number group group address source source address begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Remove all the dynamic IGMP group entries of a specified IGMP group or all IGMP groups...

Page 114: ... Details not shown 2 Configure the OSPF protocol on the PIM network to make sure the network layer is interoperable on the PIM network and routing information among the routers can be dynamically updated Details not shown 3 Enable IP multicast routing and enable IGMP and PIM DM On Router A enable IP multicast routing globally enable IGMP on GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 and enable PIM DM on each interface...

Page 115: ... GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterC interface POS 5 1 1 RouterC Pos5 1 1 pim dm RouterC Pos5 1 1 quit 4 Configure a multicast group filter on Router A so that the hosts connected to GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 can join only multicast group 224 1 1 1 RouterA acl number 2001 RouterA acl basic 2001 rule permit source 224 1 1 1 0 RouterA acl basic 2001 quit RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterA Gig...

Page 116: ...3 3 1 24 Source 2 133 133 2 1 24 Receiver 133 133 4 1 24 Router A GE3 1 1 133 133 1 2 24 Router C GE3 1 1 133 133 3 2 24 Router A GE3 1 2 192 168 1 1 24 Router C GE3 1 2 192 168 3 1 24 Router A GE3 1 3 192 168 4 2 24 Router C GE3 1 3 192 168 2 2 24 Router B GE3 1 1 133 133 2 2 24 Router D GE3 1 1 133 133 4 2 24 Router B GE3 1 2 192 168 1 2 24 Router D GE3 1 2 192 168 3 2 24 Router B GE3 1 3 192 16...

Page 117: ...uterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 pim sm RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 2 pim sm RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 2 quit RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 3 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 3 pim sm RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 3 quit Enable IP multicast routing and PIM SM on Router B and Router C in the s...

Page 118: ...3 133 4 2 Total 1 IGMP SSM mapping Group reported Group Address Last Reporter Uptime Expires 232 1 1 1 133 133 4 1 00 02 04 off Display PIM routing table information on the public network on Router D RouterD display pim routing table Vpn instance public net Total 0 G entry 2 S G entries 133 133 1 1 232 1 1 1 Protocol pim ssm Flag UpTime 00 13 25 Upstream interface GigabitEthernet3 1 3 Upstream nei...

Page 119: ...e PIM DM on Serial 4 1 9 1 0 and enable IGMP on GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterA system view RouterA multicast routing enable RouterA interface Serial 4 1 9 1 0 RouterA Serial4 1 9 1 0 pim dm RouterA Serial4 1 9 1 0 quit RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 igmp enable RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 pim dm RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit On Router B enable IP multicast...

Page 120: ...for joining multicast group G no membership information of the multicast group G exists on the router closest to that host Analysis The correctness of networking and interface connections and whether the protocol layer of the interface is up directly affect the generation of group membership information Multicast routing must be enabled on the router and IGMP must be enabled on the interface that ...

Page 121: ...mbership information Analysis A router running IGMP maintains multiple parameters for each interface and these parameters influence one another forming very complicated relationships Inconsistent IGMP interface parameter configurations for routers on the same subnet will surely result in inconsistency of memberships In addition although an IGMP router is compatible with a host that is running a di...

Page 122: ...lticast PIM SSM To facilitate description a network comprising PIM capable routers is referred to as a PIM domain in this document PIM DM overview PIM DM is a type of dense mode multicast protocol It uses the push mode for multicast forwarding and is suitable for small sized networks with densely distributed multicast members The basic implementation of PIM DM is as follows PIM DM assumes that at ...

Page 123: ...n the flooding process an S G entry is created on all the routers in the PIM DM domain 2 Then nodes without receivers downstream are pruned A router having no receivers downstream sends a prune message to the upstream node to tell the upstream node to delete the corresponding interface from the outgoing interface list in the S G entry and stop forwarding subsequent packets addressed to that multic...

Page 124: ... as a request to join the SPT again 2 Upon receiving this graft message the upstream node puts the interface on which the graft was received into the forwarding state and responds with a graft ack message to the graft sender 3 If the node that sent a graft message does not receive a graft ack message from its upstream node it will keep sending graft messages at a configurable interval until it rec...

Page 125: ...ute metric to the source the router with a higher IP address of the downstream interface wins PIM SM overview PIM DM uses the flood and prune principle to build SPTs for multicast data distribution Although an SPT has the shortest path it is built with a low efficiency Therefore the PIM DM mode is not suitable for large and medium sized networks PIM SM is a type of sparse mode multicast protocol I...

Page 126: ...scovery mechanism as PIM DM does See Neighbor discovery DR election PIM SM also uses hello messages to elect a designated router DR for a multi access network such as an Ethernet network The elected DR will be the only multicast forwarder on this multi access network A DR must be elected in a multi access network no matter this network connects to multicast sources or to receivers The DR at the re...

Page 127: ...arded through the RP To lessen the RP burden and optimize the topological structure of the RPT multiple candidate RPs C RPs can be configured in a PIM SM domain among which an RP is dynamically elected through the bootstrap mechanism Each elected RP serves a different multicast group range For this purpose a bootstrap router BSR must be configured The BSR serves as the administrative core of a PIM...

Page 128: ...iority their hash values are calculated through the hashing algorithm The C RP with the largest hash value wins 3 If all the C RPs have the same priority and hash value the C RP has the highest IP address wins The hashing algorithm used for RP calculation is Value G M Ci 1 103515245 1 103515245 G M 12345 XOR Ci 12345 mod 231 The table below gives the meanings of the values in this algorithm Table ...

Page 129: ...e multicast group G flows through the RP reaches the corresponding DR along the established RPT and finally is delivered to the receiver When a receiver is no longer interested in the multicast data addressed to a multicast group G the directly connected DR sends a prune message which goes hop by hop along the RPT to the RP Upon receiving the prune message the upstream node deletes the interface c...

Page 130: ...arrives at the RP along the SPT the RP sends a register stop message to the source side DR by unicast to stop the source registration process NOTE The RP is configured to initiate an SPT switchover as described in this section Otherwise the DR at the multicast source side keeps encapsulating multicast data in register messages and the registration process will not stop unless no outgoing interface...

Page 131: ...ce supposing that only one receiver exists Thus SPT switchover is completed Finally multicast data is directly sent from the source to the receivers along the SPT PIM SM builds SPTs through SPT switchover more economically than PIM DM does through the flood and prune mechanism Assert PIM SM uses a similar assert mechanism as PIM DM does For more information see Assert BIDIR PIM overview In some ma...

Page 132: ...allows only the DF to forward multicast data to the RP DF election is not necessary for an RPL Figure 43 DF election As shown in Figure 43 without the DF election mechanism both Router B and Router C can receive multicast packets from Route A and they may both forward the packets to downstream routers on the local subnet As a result the RP Router E receives duplicate multicast packets With the DF ...

Page 133: ...ted router 2 Upon getting the receiver information the router sends a join message which is forwarded hop by hop to the RP of the multicast group 3 The routers along the path from the receiver s directly connected router to the RP form an RPT branch and each router on this branch adds a G entry to its forwarding table The means any multicast source When a receiver is no longer interested in the mu...

Page 134: ...e RP In this case multicast packets from the source are directly forwarded by the node to the receiver instead of by the RP Administrative scoping overview Division of PIM SM domains Typically a PIM SM BIDIR PIM domain contains only one BSR which is responsible for advertising RP set information within the entire PIM SM BIDIR PIM domain The information for all multicast groups is forwarded within ...

Page 135: ...n and RP election are implemented independently within each admin scoped zone Each admin scoped zone has its own boundary The multicast information cannot cross this border in either direction A better understanding of the global scoped zone and admin scoped zones should be based on two aspects geographical space and group address range Geographical space Admin scoped zones are logical regions spe...

Page 136: ...y admin cope region In terms of multicast information propagation admin scoped zones are independent of one another and each admin scoped zone is independent of the global scoped zone and no overlapping is allowed between any two admin scoped zones PIM SSM overview The source specific multicast SSM model and the any source multicast ASM model are two opposite models Presently the ASM model include...

Page 137: ...port message the DR first checks whether the group address in this message falls in the SSM group range If so the DR sends a subscribe message for channel subscription hop by hop toward the multicast source S An S G entry is created on all routers on the path from the DR to the source Thus an SPT is built in the network with the source S as its root and receivers as its leaves This SPT is the tran...

Page 138: ... RFC 3973 Protocol Independent Multicast Dense Mode PIM DM Protocol Specification Revised RFC 4601 Protocol Independent Multicast Sparse Mode PIM SM Protocol Specification Revised RFC 4607 Source Specific Multicast for IP RFC 5015 Bidirectional Protocol Independent Multicast BIDIR PIM RFC 5059 Bootstrap Router BSR Mechanism for Protocol Independent Multicast PIM Draft ietf ssm overview 05 An Overv...

Page 139: ...es periodically to discover PIM neighbors and processes messages from the PIM neighbors When deploying a PIM DM domain you are recommended to enable PIM DM on all non border interfaces of the routers Configuration guidelines Follow these guidelines when you enable PIM DM in a VPN instance All the interfaces in the same VPN instance on the same device must operate in the same PIM mode IGMP snooping...

Page 140: ...rded hop by hop along the initial multicast flooding path of the PIM DM domain to refresh the prune timer state of all the routers on the path A multi access subnet can have the state refresh capability only if the state refresh capability is enabled on all PIM routers on the subnet To enable the state refresh capability Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter interface vi...

Page 141: ...ing a new state refresh message state refresh rate limit interval Optional 30 seconds by default 5 Configure the TTL value of state refresh messages state refresh ttl ttl value Optional 255 by default Configuring PIM DM graft retry period In PIM DM graft is the only type of message that uses the acknowledgment mechanism In a PIM DM domain if a router does not receive a graft ack message from the u...

Page 142: ...cast source registration Optional Configuring SPT switchover Optional Configuring PIM common features Optional Configuration prerequisites Before configuring PIM SM complete the following task Configure any unicast routing protocol so that all devices in the domain are interoperable at the network layer Determine the IP address of a static RP and the ACL that defines the range of multicast groups ...

Page 143: ...he VLAN and vice versa Enabling PIM SM globally on the public network Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enable IP multicast routing multicast routing enable Disable by default 3 Enter interface view interface interface type interface number N A 4 Enable PIM SM pim sm Disabled by default Enabling PIM SM in a VPN instance Step Command Description 1 Enter system view system v...

Page 144: ...a static RP Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter public network PIM view or VPN instance PIM view pim vpn instance vpn instance name N A 3 Configure a static RP for PIM SM static rp rp address acl number preferred No static RP by default Configuring a C RP In a PIM SM domain you can configure routers that intend to become the RP as C RPs The BSR collects the C RP inform...

Page 145: ...ce name N A 3 Enable auto RP auto rp enable Disabled by default Configuring C RP timers globally To enable the BSR to distribute the RP set information within the PIM SM domain C RPs must periodically send C RP Adv messages to the BSR The BSR learns the RP set information from the received messages and encapsulates its own IP address together with the RP set information in its bootstrap messages T...

Page 146: ...he same configuration needs to be made on all routers in the PIM SM domain The following are typical BSR spoofing cases and the corresponding preventive measures Some maliciously configured hosts can forge bootstrap messages to fool routers and change RP mappings Such attacks often occur on border routers Because a BSR is inside the network whereas hosts are outside the network you can protect a B...

Page 147: ...1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter interface view interface interface type interface number N A 3 Configure a PIM domain border pim bsr boundary By default no PIM domain border is configured Configuring global C BSR parameters In each PIM SM domain a unique BSR is elected from C BSRs The C RPs in the PIM SM domain send advertisement messages to the BSR The BSR summarizes the advertisement...

Page 148: ...period or the BS timeout timer the system uses the configured one instead of the default one IMPORTANT Be sure to configure a BS period value smaller than the BS timeout value Perform the following configuration on C BSR routers To configure C BSR timers Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter public network PIM view or VPN instance PIM view pim vpn instance vpn instance n...

Page 149: ...emantic fragmentation function Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter public network PIM view or VPN instance PIM view pim vpn instance vpn instance name N A 3 Disable the BSM semantic fragmentation function undo bsm fragment enable By default the BSM semantic fragmentation function is enabled NOTE Generally a BSR performs BSM semantic fragmentation according to the MTU o...

Page 150: ... mask mask length argument of the multicast boundary command can be used to specify the multicast groups an admin scoped zone serves in the range of 239 0 0 0 8 Configuring a C BSR for each admin scoped zone and the global scope zone In a network with administrative scoping enabled group range specific BSRs are elected from C BSRs C RPs in the network send advertisement messages to the specific BS...

Page 151: ...register messages to the RP and these register messages have different multicast source or group addresses You can configure a filtering rule to filter register messages so that the RP can serve specific multicast groups If an S G entry is denied by the filtering rule or the action for this entry is not defined in the filtering rule the RP will send a register stop message to the DR to stop the re...

Page 152: ...e the checksum based on the entire register messages register header checksum Optional By default the checksum is calculated based on the header of register messages 5 Configure the register suppression time register suppression timeout interval Optional 60 seconds by default 6 Configure the register probe time probe interval interval Optional 5 seconds by default Configuring SPT switchover CAUTIO...

Page 153: ...onfiguring a BSR Configuring a C BSR Required Configuring a BIDIR PIM domain border Optional Configuring global C BSR parameters Optional Configuring C BSR timers Optional Disabling BSM semantic fragmentation Optional Configuring an admin scoped zone boundary Enabling administrative scoping Optional Configuring administrative scoping Optional Configuring C BSRs for each admin scoped zone and the g...

Page 154: ...ode Enabling PIM SM globally for the public network Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enable IP multicast routing multicast routing enable Disable by default 3 Enter interface view interface interface type interface number N A 4 Enable PIM SM pim sm Disabled by default Enabling PIM SM for a VPN instance Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Create a VP...

Page 155: ...s just a backup means for the dynamic RP election mechanism to enhance the robustness and operation manageability of a multicast network CAUTION When both PIM SM and BIDIR PIM run on the PIM network do not use the same RP to serve PIM SM and BIDIR PIM Otherwise exceptions might occur to the PIM routing table Configuring a static RP If there is only one dynamic RP in a network manually configuring ...

Page 156: ... PIM domain When you configure a C RP ensure a relatively large bandwidth between this C RP and the other devices in the BIDIR PIM domain To configure a C RP Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter public network PIM view or VPN instance PIM view pim vpn instance vpn instance name N A 3 Configure an interface to be a C RP for BIDIR PIM c rp interface type interface number ...

Page 157: ... in the backbone network When you configure a router as a C BSR be sure to specify a PIM SM enabled interface on the router The BSR election process is as follows 1 Initially every C BSR assumes itself to be the BSR of the BIDIR PIM domain and uses its interface IP address as the BSR address to send bootstrap messages 2 When a C BSR receives the bootstrap message of another C BSR it first compares...

Page 158: ...es in the BIDIR PIM domain To configure a C BSR Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter public network PIM view or VPN instance PIM view pim vpn instance vpn instance name N A 3 Configure an interface as a C BSR c bsr interface type interface number hash length priority No C BSRs are configured by default 4 Configure a legal BSR address range bsr policy acl number Optional...

Page 159: ...obal C BSR parameters Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter public network PIM view or VPN instance PIM view pim vpn instance vpn instance name N A 3 Configure the hash mask length c bsr hash length hash length Optional 30 by default 4 Configure the C BSR priority c bsr priority priority Optional 64 by default Configuring C BSR timers The BSR election winner multicasts i...

Page 160: ...lve this issue When a BSM exceeds the MTU it is split to multiple bootstrap message fragments BSMFs Upon receiving a BSMF that contains the RP set information of one group range a non BSR router updates corresponding RP set information directly If the RP set information of one group range is carried in multiple BSMFs a non BSR router updates corresponding RP set information upon receiving all thes...

Page 161: ...Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter public network PIM view or VPN instance PIM view pim vpn instance vpn instance name N A 3 Enable administrative scoping c bsr admin scope Disabled by default Configuring an admin scoped zone boundary The boundary of each admin scoped zone is formed by ZBRs Each admin scoped zone maintains a BSR which serves a specific multicast group...

Page 162: ...al scope zone Configure C BSRs for each admin scoped zone Perform the following configuration on the routers that you want to configure as C BSRs in admin scoped zones To configure a C BSR for an admin scoped zone Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter public network PIM view or VPN instance PIM view pim vpn instance vpn instance name N A 3 Configure a C BSR for an admin ...

Page 163: ...based on some subsets of PIM SM Therefore a router is PIM SSM capable after you enable PIM SM on it When deploying a PIM SM domain enable PIM SM on non border interfaces of the routers Configuration guidelines Follow these guidelines when you enable PIM SM in a VPN instance All the interfaces in the same VPN instance on the same device must operate in the same PIM mode IGMP snooping is not allowed...

Page 164: ...to the receivers based on the PIM SSM model or the PIM SM model this depends on whether the group address in the S G channel subscribed by the receivers falls in the SSM group range All PIM SM enabled interfaces assume that multicast groups within this address range are using the PIM SSM model Make sure that the same SSM group range is configured on all routers in the entire domain Otherwise multi...

Page 165: ...routing protocol so that all devices in the domain are interoperable at the network layer Configure PIM DM or PIM SM or PIM SSM Determine the ACL for filtering multicast data Determine the ACL that defines the legal source address range for hello messages Determine the priority for DR election global value interface level value Determine the PIM neighbor timeout time global value interface value D...

Page 166: ...up filter source policy acl number No multicast data filter by default Configuring a hello message filter Along with the wide applications of PIM the security requirement for the protocol is becoming more and more demanding The establishment of correct PIM neighboring relationships is the prerequisite for secure application of PIM You can configure a legal source address range for hello messages o...

Page 167: ...prune action when the period of LAN delay plus override interval times out A hello message sent from a PIM router contains a generation ID option The generation ID is a random value for the interface on which the hello message is sent Normally the generation ID of a PIM router does not change unless the status of the router changes for example when PIM is just enabled on the interface or the devic...

Page 168: ...ult hello messages without Generation_ID are accepted Configuring the prune delay Configuring a prune delay interval on an upstream router can make it not perform the prune action upon receiving the prune message from its downstream router on a shared network segment Instead the upstream router maintains the current forwarding state at a prune delay interval If the upstream router receives a join ...

Page 169: ... deleting the S G entry Configuring PIM common timers globally Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter public network PIM view or VPN instance PIM view pim vpn instance vpn instance name N A 3 Configure the hello interval timer hello interval Optional 30 seconds by default 4 Configure the join prune interval timer join prune interval Optional 60 seconds by default 5 Config...

Page 170: ...onfigure the maximum size of a join prune message jp pkt size packet size Optional 8100 bytes by default 4 Configure the maximum number of S G entries in a join prune message jp queue size queue size Optional 1020 by default Configuring PIM to work with BFD PIM uses hello messages to elect a DR for a multi access network The elected DR will be the only multicast forwarder on the multi access netwo...

Page 171: ...e refresh begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Display the DF information of BIDIR PIM display pim all instance vpn instance vpn instance name df info rp address begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Display information about unacknowledged PIM DM graft messages display pim all instance vpn instance vpn instance name grafts begin exclude include r...

Page 172: ...p info group address begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Clear statistics for PIM control messages reset pim all instance vpn instance vpn instance name control message counters interface interface type interface number Available in user view PIM configuration examples PIM DM configuration example Network requirements Receivers receive VOD information through multicast T...

Page 173: ... 1 1 192 168 3 1 24 Router D GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 10 110 5 1 24 Router D Serial 4 1 9 1 0 192 168 1 2 24 Router D POS 5 1 1 192 168 2 2 24 Router D POS 5 1 2 192 168 3 2 24 Configuration procedure 1 Configure the IP address and subnet mask for each interface as per Figure 50 Details not shown 2 Configure the OSPF protocol for interoperation among the routers in the PIM DM domain Ensure the networ...

Page 174: ...GigabitEthernet3 1 1 pim dm RouterD GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterD interface serial 4 1 9 1 0 RouterD Serial4 1 9 1 0 pim dm RouterD Serial4 1 9 1 0 quit RouterD interface pos 5 1 1 RouterD Pos5 1 1 pim dm RouterD Pos5 1 1 quit RouterD interface pos 5 1 2 RouterD Pos5 1 2 pim dm RouterD Pos5 1 2 quit Verify the configuration Display the PIM configuration information on Router D RouterD display ...

Page 175: ...nterface NULL Upstream neighbor NULL RPF prime neighbor NULL Downstream interface s information Total number of downstreams 1 1 GigabitEthernet3 1 1 Protocol igmp UpTime 00 04 25 Expires never 10 110 5 100 225 1 1 1 Protocol pim dm Flag ACT UpTime 00 06 14 Upstream interface Serial4 1 9 1 0 Upstream neighbor 192 168 1 2 RPF prime neighbor 192 168 1 2 Downstream interface s information Total number...

Page 176: ... hash mask length to map a certain number of consecutive group addresses within the range to the two C RPs IGMPv2 runs between Router A and N1 and between Router B Router C and N2 Figure 51 Network diagram Table 10 shows the interface and IP address assignment and network topology scheme Table 10 Interface and IP address assignment Device Interface IP address Router A GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 10 110 ...

Page 177: ...GMP on GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 which connects Router A to the stub network RouterA system view RouterA multicast routing enable RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 igmp enable RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 pim sm RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterA interface serial 4 1 9 1 0 RouterA Serial4 1 9 1 0 pim sm RouterA Serial4 1 9 1 0 quit RouterA interface pos 5 1 1 ...

Page 178: ... 168 1 2 Pos5 1 1 1 30 1 192 168 9 2 To view the BSR election information and the locally configured C RP information in effect on a router use the display pim bsr info command For example Display the BSR information and the locally configured C RP information in effect on Router A RouterA display pim bsr info VPN Instance public net Elected BSR Address 192 168 9 2 Priority 20 hash mask length 32 ...

Page 179: ... scheduled at 00 00 48 To display the RP information discovered on a router use the display pim rp info command For example Display the RP information on Router A RouterA display pim rp info VPN Instance public net PIM SM BSR RP information Group MaskLen 225 1 1 0 24 RP 192 168 4 2 Priority 0 HoldTime 150 Uptime 00 51 45 Expires 00 02 22 RP 192 168 9 2 Priority 0 HoldTime 150 Uptime 00 51 45 Expir...

Page 180: ...tEthernet3 1 1 Protocol igmp UpTime 00 13 46 Expires 00 03 06 10 110 5 100 225 1 1 0 RP 192 168 9 2 Protocol pim sm Flag SPT ACT UpTime 00 00 42 Upstream interface Serial4 1 9 1 0 Upstream neighbor 192 168 1 2 RPF prime neighbor 192 168 1 2 Downstream interface s information Total number of downstreams 1 1 GigabitEthernet3 1 1 Protocol pim sm UpTime 00 00 42 Expires 00 03 06 Display the PIM routin...

Page 181: ... and Router D are ZBRs of the three domains respectively Source 1 and Source 2 send different multicast streams to multicast group 239 1 1 1 Host A receives the multicast streams from Source 1 only while Host B receives the multicast streams from Source 2 only Source 3 sends multicast streams to multicast group 224 1 1 1 Host C is a multicast receiver for this multicast group Serial 4 1 9 1 0 of R...

Page 182: ... 24 Router E S4 1 9 1 0 10 110 5 2 24 Router B POS5 1 2 10 110 3 1 24 Router E S4 1 9 1 1 10 110 7 2 24 Router C GE4 1 1 192 168 3 1 24 Router F S4 1 9 1 0 10 110 9 1 24 Router C S4 1 9 1 0 10 110 4 1 24 Router F POS5 1 1 10 110 8 2 24 Router C S4 1 9 1 1 10 110 5 1 24 Router F POS5 1 2 10 110 3 2 24 Router C POS5 1 1 10 110 2 2 24 Router G GE4 1 1 192 168 5 1 24 Router C POS5 1 2 10 110 6 1 24 Ro...

Page 183: ...terA interface serial 4 1 9 1 0 RouterA Serial4 1 9 1 0 pim sm RouterA Serial4 1 9 1 0 quit Enable IP multicast routing and administrative scoping and enable PIM SM and IGMP on Router E and Router I in the same way Details not shown On Router B enable IP multicast routing and administrative scoping and enable PIM SM on each interface RouterB system view RouterB multicast routing enable RouterB pim...

Page 184: ...re Serial 4 1 9 1 0 as a C BSR and C RP of admin scoped zone 1 RouterB acl number 2001 RouterB acl basic 2001 rule permit source 239 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 RouterB acl basic 2001 quit RouterB pim RouterB pim c bsr group 239 0 0 0 8 RouterB pim c bsr serial 4 1 9 1 0 RouterB pim c rp serial 4 1 9 1 0 group policy 2001 RouterB pim quit On Router D configure the service scope of RP advertisements and co...

Page 185: ...e Elected Scope 239 0 0 0 8 Uptime 00 04 54 Next BSR message scheduled at 00 00 06 Candidate BSR Address 10 110 1 2 Priority 0 hash mask length 30 State Elected Scope 239 0 0 0 8 Candidate RP 10 110 1 2 Serial4 1 9 1 0 Priority 0 HoldTime 150 Advertisement Interval 60 Next advertisement scheduled at 00 00 15 Display the BSR information and the locally configured C RP information on Router D Router...

Page 186: ...10 110 9 1 Priority 0 hash mask length 30 State Elected Scope Global Uptime 00 11 11 Next BSR message scheduled at 00 00 49 Candidate BSR Address 10 110 9 1 Priority 0 hash mask length 30 State Elected Scope Global Candidate RP 10 110 9 1 Serial4 1 9 1 0 Priority 0 HoldTime 150 Advertisement Interval 60 Next advertisement scheduled at 00 00 55 Display the RP information on Router B RouterB display...

Page 187: ...splay pim rp info VPN Instance public net PIM SM BSR RP information Group MaskLen 224 0 0 0 4 RP 10 110 9 1 local Priority 0 HoldTime 150 Uptime 00 00 32 Expires 00 01 58 BIDIR PIM configuration example Network requirements In the BIDIR PIM domain shown in Figure 53 Source 1 and Source 2 send different multicast information to multicast group 225 1 1 1 Host A and Host B receive multicast informati...

Page 188: ...thernet 3 1 1 192 168 3 1 24 Router D GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 192 168 4 1 24 Router D Serial 2 1 9 1 0 10 110 3 2 24 Source 1 192 168 1 100 24 Source 2 192 168 4 100 24 Receiver 1 192 168 2 100 24 Receiver 2 192 168 3 100 24 Configuration procedure 1 Configure the IP address and subnet mask for each interface as per Figure 53 Details not shown 2 Configure OSPF on the routers in the BIDIR PIM domain ...

Page 189: ...et3 1 1 pim sm RouterB GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterB interface Serial 2 1 9 2 0 RouterB Serial2 1 9 1 0 pim sm RouterB Serial2 1 9 1 0 quit RouterB interface Serial 2 1 9 2 0 RouterB Serial2 1 9 2 0 pim sm RouterB Serial2 1 9 2 0 quit RouterB pim RouterB pim bidir pim enable RouterB pim quit On Router C enable IP multicast routing enable PIM SM on each interface and enable BIDIR PIM RouterC sy...

Page 190: ...nfiguration Display the DF information of BIDIR PIM on Router A RouterA display pim df info VPN Instance public net RP Address 1 1 1 1 Interface State DF Pref DF Metric DF Uptime DF Address GE3 1 1 Win 100 2 01 08 50 192 168 1 1 local Ser2 1 9 1 0 Lose 100 1 01 07 49 10 110 1 2 Display the DF information of BIDIR PIM on Router B RouterB display pim df info VPN Instance public net RP Address 1 1 1 ...

Page 191: ...100000 0 Uptime 00 08 32 RPF interface Serial2 1 9 1 0 List of 1 DF interfaces 1 GigabitEthernet3 1 1 Display the DF information of the multicast forwarding table on Router B RouterB display multicast forwarding table df info Multicast DF information of VPN Instance public net Total 1 RP Total 1 RP matched 00001 RP Address 1 1 1 1 MID 0 Flags 0x2100000 0 Uptime 00 06 24 RPF interface Serial2 1 9 2...

Page 192: ...entries 0 S G entry 225 1 1 1 RP 1 1 1 1 Protocol pim sm Flag WC BIDIR UpTime 01 01 54 Upstream interface Serial2 1 9 1 0 Upstream neighbor 10 110 1 2 RPF prime neighbor 10 110 1 2 Downstream interface s information Total number of downstreams 1 1 Serial2 1 9 1 0 Protocol pim sm UpTime 00 53 40 Expires 00 02 50 PIM SSM configuration example Network requirements Receivers receive VOD information th...

Page 193: ... Router C GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 10 110 2 2 24 Router C POS 5 1 1 192 168 3 1 24 Router D GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 10 110 5 1 24 Router D Serial 4 1 9 1 0 192 168 1 2 24 Router D POS 5 1 1 192 168 4 2 24 Router E POS 5 1 1 192 168 3 2 24 Router E POS 5 1 2 192 168 2 2 24 Router E POS 5 1 3 192 168 9 2 24 Router E POS 5 1 4 192 168 4 1 24 Source 10 110 5 100 24 PIM SSM Router A Router B Router C Router...

Page 194: ...uterA interface pos 5 1 1 RouterA Pos5 1 1 pim sm RouterA Pos5 1 1 quit Enable IP multicast routing PIM SM and IGMP on Router B and Router C in the same way Details not shown Enable IP multicast routing and PIM SM on Router D and Router E in the same way Details not shown 4 Configure the SSM group range Configure the SSM group range to be 232 1 1 0 24 on Router A RouterA acl number 2000 RouterA ac...

Page 195: ...formation on Router D RouterD display pim routing table VPN Instance public net Total 0 G entry 1 S G entry 10 110 5 100 232 1 1 1 Protocol pim ssm Flag LOC UpTime 00 12 05 Upstream interface GigabitEthernet3 1 1 Upstream neighbor NULL RPF prime neighbor NULL Downstream interface s information Total number of downstreams 1 1 Serial4 1 9 1 0 Protocol pim ssm UpTime 00 12 05 Expires 00 03 25 Trouble...

Page 196: ...ng If different PIM modes are enabled on the RPF interface and on the corresponding interface of the RPF neighbor router the establishment of a multicast distribution tree will fail causing abnormal multicast forwarding The same PIM mode must run on the entire network Otherwise the establishment of a multicast distribution tree will fail causing abnormal multicast forwarding Solution 1 Use the dis...

Page 197: ...ulticast forwarding boundary settings Use the multicast boundary command to change the multicast forwarding boundary settings 3 Use the display current configuration command to verify the multicast filter configuration Change the ACL rule defined in the source policy command so that the source group address of the multicast data can pass ACL filtering RPs cannot join the SPT in PIM SM Symptom An R...

Page 198: ...ontain the information of that C RP The RP is the core of a PIM SM domain Make sure that the RP information on all routers is exactly the same a specific group G is mapped to the same RP and unicast routes are available to the RP Solution 1 Use the display ip routing table command to verify that routes to the RP and the BSR are available on each router and that a route between the RP and the BSR i...

Page 199: ...her domains and multicast data can be transmitted among different domains MSDP achieves this goal With MSDP peer relationships established between appropriate routers in the network the RPs of different PIM SM domains are interconnected with one another Source active SA messages are exchanged between these MSDP peers and thus the multicast source information is shared among these different domains...

Page 200: ...mediate MSDP peer An MSDP peer with multicast remote MSDP peers like RP 2 An intermediate MSDP peer forwards SA messages received from one remote MSDP peer to other remote MSDP peers functioning as a relay of multicast source information 2 MSDP peers created on common PIM SM routers other than RPs Router A and Router B are MSDP peers on common multicast routers Such MSDP peers just forward receive...

Page 201: ... delivery loops of SA messages In addition you can configure MSDP peers into an MSDP mesh group so as to avoid flooding of SA messages between MSDP peers 4 SA messages are forwarded from one MSDP peer to another and finally the information of the multicast source traverses all PIM SM domains with MSDP peers PIM SM 2 and PIM SM 3 in this example 5 Upon receiving the SA message create by RP 1 RP 2 i...

Page 202: ...messages As illustrated in Figure 57 these MSDP peers dispose of SA messages according to the following RPF check rules 1 When RP 2 receives an SA message from RP 1 because the source side RP address carried in the SA message is the same as the MSDP peer address which means that the MSDP peer where the SA is from is the RP that has created the SA message RP 2 accepts the SA message and forwards it...

Page 203: ...e of Anycast RP is as follows Optimal RP path A multicast source registers with the nearest RP so that an SPT with the optimal path is built a receiver joins the nearest RP so that an RPT with the optimal path is built Load balancing between RPs Each RP just needs to maintain part of the source group information within the PIM SM domain and forward part of the multicast data thus achieving load ba...

Page 204: ...ress into a host address An MSDP peer address must be different from the Anycast RP address Multi instance MSDP MSDP peering relationship can be built between multicast enabled interfaces that belong to the same instance Through exchanges of SA messages between MSDP peers the MSDP mechanism makes VPN multicast transmission between different PIM SM domains possible A multicast router running multip...

Page 205: ...ulticast forwarding Determine the IP addresses of MSDP peers Determine the address prefix list for an RP address filtering policy Enabling MSDP Enabling MSDP globally on the public network Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enable IP multicast routing multicast routing enable Disabled by default 3 Enable MSDP and enter public network MSDP view msdp vpn instance vpn instance...

Page 206: ...onnection peer peer address connect interface interface type interface number No MSDP peer connection is created by default NOTE If an interface of the router is shared by an MSDP peer and a BGP or MBGP peer at the same time we recommend that you configuration the same IP address for the MSDP peer and BGP or MBGP peer Configuring a static RPF peer Configuring static RPF peers avoids RPF check of S...

Page 207: ...ion for an MSDP peer peer peer address description text No description for MSDP peers is configured by default Configuring an MSDP mesh group An AS may contain multiple MSDP peers You can use the MSDP mesh group mechanism to avoid SA message flooding among these MSDP peers and optimize the multicast traffic On one hand an MSDP peer in an MSDP mesh group forwards SA messages from outside the mesh g...

Page 208: ...ation will remain unchanged When a new MSDP peer is created or when a previously deactivated MSDP peer connection is reactivated or when a previously failed MSDP peer attempts to resume operation a TCP connection is required You can flexibly adjust the interval between MSDP peering connection retries To enhance MSDP security you can configure an MD5 authentication password for the TCP connection t...

Page 209: ...nd them to the source side RP The source side RP transmits the S G information to the remote RP through SA messages Then the remote RP joins the source side DR and builds an SPT Since the S G entries have timed out remote receivers can never receive the multicast data from the multicast source After the source side RP is enabled to encapsulate multicast data in SA messages if the RP wants to sends...

Page 210: ...message to the remote MSDP peer specified by this command and the remote peer responds with cached SA information Upon sending an SA request message the device receives the responses from all active multicast sources If you do not specify an ACL rule when you configure an SA message filtering rule all the SA requests from MSDP peers will be ignored If you specify an ACL SA request messages that pa...

Page 211: ...en checks the TTL value If the TTL value is less than the threshold the router does not forward the SA message to the designated MSDP peer If the TTL value is greater than or equal to the threshold the router re encapsulates the multicast data in an SA message and sends the SA message out To configure a filtering rule for receiving or forwarding SA messages Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view...

Page 212: ...sten shutdown up begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Display the status of MSDP peers display msdp all instance vpn instance vpn instance name peer status peer address begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Display the S G entry information in the SA cache display msdp all instance vpn instance vpn instance name sa cache group address source addre...

Page 213: ...onships between the RPs of the PIM SM domains to share multicast source information among the PIM SM domains Figure 59 Network diagram Table 14 shows the interface and IP address assignment and network topology scheme Table 14 Interface and IP address assignment Device Interface IP address Device Interface IP address Router A GE3 1 1 10 110 1 2 24 Router D GE3 1 1 10 110 4 2 24 Router A GE3 1 2 10...

Page 214: ... 3 1 3 RouterA system view RouterA multicast routing enable RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 pim sm RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 2 pim sm RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 2 quit RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 3 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 3 igmp enable RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 3 pim sm Rou...

Page 215: ...pf 1 RouterB ospf 1 import route bgp RouterB ospf 1 quit Redistribute BGP routing information into OSPF on Router C RouterC ospf 1 RouterC ospf 1 import route bgp RouterC ospf 1 quit 6 Configure MSDP peers Configure an MSDP peer on Router B RouterB msdp RouterB msdp peer 192 168 1 2 connect interface pos 5 1 1 RouterB msdp quit Configure MSDP peers on Router C RouterC msdp RouterC msdp peer 192 16...

Page 216: ...0 0 0 0 0 0 192 168 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 192 168 1 1 32 0 0 0 0 0 0 192 168 1 2 32 0 0 0 0 0 0 When multicast sources Source 1 in PIM SM 1 and Source 2 in PIM SM 2 send multicast information receivers in PIM SM 1 and PIM SM 3 can receive the multicast data You can use the display msdp brief command to view the brief information of MSDP peering relationships between the routers For example Display brief...

Page 217: ...psed time since last connection or counters clear 00 17 51 Information about Source Group based SA filtering policy Import policy none Export policy none Information about SA Requests Policy to accept SA Request messages none Sending SA Requests status disable Minimum TTL to forward SA with encapsulated data 0 SAs learned from this peer 13 SA cache maximum for the peer 8192 Input queue size 0 Outp...

Page 218: ...ce 1 192 168 1 100 24 Router D GE3 1 1 10 110 5 1 24 Source 2 192 168 3 100 24 Router D POS5 1 1 10 110 3 2 24 Router A GE3 1 1 10 110 1 1 24 Router D Loop0 2 2 2 2 32 Router A GE3 1 2 10 110 2 1 24 Router E GE3 1 1 10 110 5 2 24 Router A Loop0 1 1 1 1 32 Router E GE3 1 2 192 168 3 1 24 Router B GE3 1 1 10 110 1 2 24 Router F GE3 1 1 10 110 6 1 24 Router B GE3 1 2 192 168 1 1 24 Router F S2 1 9 1 ...

Page 219: ... 2 1 9 1 0 RouterC Serial2 1 9 1 0 pim sm RouterC Serial2 1 9 1 0 quit Enable IP multicast routing enable PIM SM and IGMP on Router A Router B Router D Router E Router F and Router G in the same way Details not shown Configure PIM domain borders on Router B RouterB interface pos 5 1 1 RouterB Pos5 1 1 pim sm RouterB Pos5 1 1 pim bsr boundary RouterB Pos5 1 1 quit Configure PIM domain borders on Ro...

Page 220: ...ribute BGP routing information into OSPF on Router C RouterC ospf 1 RouterC ospf 1 import route bgp RouterC ospf 1 quit Redistribute BGP routing information into OSPF on Router F RouterF ospf 1 RouterF ospf 1 import route bgp RouterF ospf 1 quit 6 Configure MSDP peers and static RPF peers Configure Router D and Router G as the MSDP peers and static RPF peers of Router A RouterA ip ip prefix list d...

Page 221: ... multicast data You can use the display msdp brief command to view the brief information of MSDP peering relationships between the routers For example Display brief MSDP peer information on Router A RouterA display msdp brief MSDP Peer Brief Information of VPN Instance public net Configured Up Listen Connect Shutdown Down 2 2 0 0 0 0 Peer s Address State Up Down time AS SA Count Reset Count 10 110...

Page 222: ...diagram Table 16 shows the interface and IP address assignment and network topology scheme Table 16 Interface and IP address assignment Device Interface IP address Device Interface IP address Source 1 10 110 5 100 24 Router C POS5 1 1 192 168 1 2 24 Source 2 10 110 6 100 24 Router C POS5 1 2 192 168 2 2 24 Router A GE3 1 1 10 110 5 1 24 Router D GE3 1 1 10 110 3 1 24 S4 1 9 1 0 10 110 2 2 24 Route...

Page 223: ...hernet3 1 1 igmp enable RouterB GigabitEthernet3 1 1 pim sm RouterB GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterB interface serial 4 1 9 1 0 RouterB Serial4 1 9 1 0 pim sm RouterB Serial4 1 9 1 0 quit RouterB interface pos 5 1 1 RouterB Pos5 1 1 pim sm RouterB Pos5 1 1 quit RouterB interface loopback 0 RouterB LoopBack0 pim sm RouterB LoopBack0 quit RouterB interface loopback 10 RouterB LoopBack10 pim sm Rout...

Page 224: ...D RouterD display msdp brief MSDP Peer Brief Information of VPN Instance public net Configured Up Listen Connect Shutdown Down 1 1 0 0 0 0 Peer s Address State Up Down time AS SA Count Reset Count 1 1 1 1 Up 00 10 18 0 0 To view the PIM routing information on each router use the display pim routing table command When Source 1 10 1 10 5 100 24 sends multicast data to multicast group G 225 1 1 1 Hos...

Page 225: ... G By comparing the PIM routing information displayed on Router B with that displayed on Router D you can see that Router D acts now as the RP for Source 2 and Host B Display PIM routing information on Router B RouterB display pim routing table No information is output on Router B Display PIM routing information on Router D RouterD display pim routing table VPN Instance public net Total 1 G entry ...

Page 226: ...nd 226 1 1 0 30 Source 2 sends multicast data to 227 1 1 0 30 Configure SA message filtering rules so that Host A and Host B can receive only the multicast data for 225 1 1 0 30 and 226 1 1 0 30 and Host C can receive only the multicast data for 226 1 1 0 30 and 227 1 1 0 30 Figure 62 Network diagram Table 17 shows the interface and IP address assignment and network topology scheme Table 17 Interf...

Page 227: ...ach PIM SM domain Ensure the network layer interoperation among the routers and ensure the dynamic update of routing information through by leveraging unicast routes Details not shown 3 Enable IP multicast routing enable PIM SM and IGMP and configure a PIM SM domain border On Router A enable IP multicast routing enable PIM SM on each interface and enable IGMP on the host side interface GigabitEthe...

Page 228: ...Router D in the same way Details not shown 5 Configure MSDP peers Configure an MSDP peer on Router A RouterA msdp RouterA msdp peer 192 168 1 2 connect interface pos 5 1 1 RouterA msdp quit Configure MSDP peers on Router C RouterC msdp RouterC msdp peer 192 168 1 1 connect interface pos 5 1 1 RouterC msdp peer 10 110 5 2 connect interface serial 4 1 9 1 0 RouterC msdp quit Configure an MSDP peer o...

Page 229: ...00 05 31 10 110 3 100 225 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 02 03 30 00 05 31 10 110 3 100 225 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 02 03 30 00 05 31 10 110 3 100 226 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 02 03 30 00 05 31 10 110 3 100 226 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 02 03 30 00 05 31 10 110 3 100 226 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 02 03 30 00 05 31 10 110 3 100 226 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 02 03 30 00 05 31 Display the S G forwarding entries in the SA cache on Router D RouterD display msdp sa cache MSDP...

Page 230: ...hout the acl number argument all the S G entries will be filtered off Namely no S G entries of the local domain will be advertised If you do not configure the import source command the system advertises all the S G entries of the local domain If MSDP fails to send S G entries through SA messages verify that the import source command has been correctly configured Solution 1 Use the display ip routi...

Page 231: ...rd the SA message Solution 1 Use the display ip routing table command to verify that the unicast route between the routers is correct 2 Verify that a unicast route is available between the two routers that will become MSDP peer to each other 3 Verify the configuration of the originating rp command In the Anycast RP application environment use the originating rp command to configure the RP address ...

Page 232: ...l unicast and multicast routing For more information about RPF see Configuring multicast routing and forwarding Multi protocol BGP is defined in RFC 2858 Multiprotocol Extensions for BGP 4 Multi protocol BGP for IP multicast is referred to as Multicast BGP MBGP for short Protocols and standards RFC 2858 Multiprotocol Extensions for BGP 4 RFC 3392 Capabilities Advertisement with BGP 4 draft ietf id...

Page 233: ...c functions Before you configure MBGP make sure all neighboring nodes can access each other at the network layer To configure MBGP basic functions Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter BGP view bgp as number N A 3 Specify a peer or peer group and its AS number peer group name ip address as number as number Not specified by default 4 Enter IPv4 MBGP address family view ip...

Page 234: ... import route protocol process id all processes allow direct med med value route policy route policy name Inject a network into the MBGP routing table network ip address mask mask length short cut route policy route policy name Use at least one approach By default no route redistribution is configured The allow direct keyword is available only when the specified routing protocol is OSPF Configurin...

Page 235: ...er priority than an automatic one To configure MBGP route summarization Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter BGP view bgp as number N A 3 Enter IPv4 MBGP address family view ipv4 family multicast N A 4 Configure MBGP route summarization Enable automatic route summarization summary automatic Configure manual route summarization aggregate ip address mask mask length as se...

Page 236: ...ailable or not in the routing table Configuring outbound MBGP route filtering If several filtering policies are configured they are applied in the following sequence 1 filter policy export 2 peer filter policy export 3 peer as path acl export 4 peer ip prefix export 5 peer route policy export Only the routes that have passed all the configured policies can be advertised To configure BGP route dist...

Page 237: ...cl number export Reference an IP prefix list to filter route advertisements to an IPv4 MBGP peer peer group peer group name ip address ip prefix ip prefix name export Use at least one approach By default no outbound route filtering is configured Configuring inbound MBGP route filtering By configuring MBGP route reception filtering policies you can filter out unqualified routes from an MBGP peer or...

Page 238: ...to filter routing information from an IPv4 MBGP peer peer group peer group name ip address as path acl as path acl number import Reference an IP prefix list to filter routing information from an IPv4 MBGP peer peer group peer group name ip address ip prefix ip prefix name import Use at least one approach By default no inbound route filtering is configured 5 Specify the maximum number of routes tha...

Page 239: ...g policy to set preferences for routes matching it Routes not matching it use the default preferences To configure MBGP route preferences Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter BGP view bgp as number N A 3 Enter IPv4 MBGP address family view ipv4 family multicast N A 4 Configure preferences for external internal local MBGP routes preference external preference internal pr...

Page 240: ...e med confederation Optional The default MED value is 0 By default the comparison of the MED of routes is not enabled Configuring the NEXT_HOP attribute You can use the peer next hop local command to specify the local router as the next hop of routes sent to a MBGP IBGP peer or peer group If load balancing is configured the router specifies itself as the next hop of route advertisements to the mul...

Page 241: ...er IPv4 MBGP address family view ipv4 family multicast N A 4 Configure the AS_PATH attribute Specify the maximum number of times the local AS number can appear in routes from the peer peer group peer group name ip address allow as loop number Disable BGP from considering the AS_PATH during best route selection bestroute as path neglect Configure updates to a peer peer group to not keep private AS ...

Page 242: ... reset through route refresh Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter BGP view bgp as number N A 3 Enable BGP route refresh for a peer peer group peer group name ip address capability advertise route refresh Optional Enabled by default Performing a manual soft reset If the peer does not support route refresh you can use the peer keep all routes command to save all the route...

Page 243: ...n through specific route refresh messages For the parameters configured on both sides for ORF capability negotiation see Table 18 To enable the MBGP ORF capability Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter BGP view bgp as number N A 3 Enable BGP route refresh for a peer peer group peer group name ip address capability advertise route refresh Optional Enabled by default If th...

Page 244: ...s family view ipv4 family multicast N A 4 Configure the maximum number of MBGP routes for load balancing balance ebgp ibgp number Not configured by default Configuring a large scale MBGP network Configuration prerequisites Before you configure this task you need to make peering nodes accessible to each other at the network layer Configuring ipv4 MBGP peer groups In a large scale network configurat...

Page 245: ...OMMUNITY attributes and apply the routing policy for route advertisement You can reference a routing policy to modify the COMMUNITY attribute for routes sent to a peer In addition you can define extended community attributes as needed For routing policy configuration see Layer 3 IP Routing Configuration Guide To configure MBGP community Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 En...

Page 246: ...s family view ipv4 family multicast N A 4 Configure the router as a route reflector and specify an MBGP peer peer group as its client peer group name peer address reflect client Not configured by default 5 Enable route reflection between clients reflect between clients Optional Enabled by default 6 Configure the cluster ID of the route reflector reflector cluster id cluster id Optional By default ...

Page 247: ...lay bgp multicast routing table community list basic community list number comm list name whole match adv community list number begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Display MBGP dampened routing information display bgp multicast routing table dampened begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Display MBGP dampening parameter information display bgp mu...

Page 248: ...et bgp ipv4 multicast flap info regexp as path regexp as path acl as path acl number ip address mask mask length Available in user view MBGP configuration example Network requirements As shown in Figure 63 PIM SM 1 is in AS 100 and PIM SM 2 is in AS 200 OSPF is the IGP in the two ASs and MBGP runs between the two ASs to exchange multicast route information The multicast source belongs to PIM SM 1 ...

Page 249: ...and configure a PIM SM domain border Enable IP multicast routing on Router A and enable PIM SM on each interface RouterA system view RouterA multicast routing enable RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 pim sm RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterA interface pos 5 1 1 RouterA Pos5 1 1 pim sm RouterA Pos5 1 1 quit The configuration on Router B and Router D is simi...

Page 250: ... LoopBack0 pim sm RouterA LoopBack0 quit RouterA pim RouterA pim c bsr loopback 0 RouterA pim c rp loopback 0 RouterA pim quit Configure the C BSR and C RP on Router B RouterB interface loopback 0 RouterB LoopBack0 ip address 2 2 2 2 32 RouterB LoopBack0 pim sm RouterB LoopBack0 quit RouterB pim RouterB pim c bsr loopback 0 RouterB pim c rp loopback 0 RouterB pim quit 5 Configure BGP specify the M...

Page 251: ...it 7 Verify the configuration Use the display bgp multicast peer command to display MBGP peers on each router For example Display MBGP peers on Router B RouterB display bgp multicast peer BGP local router ID 2 2 2 2 Local AS number 200 Total number of peers 1 Peers in established state 1 Peer AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ PrefRcv Up Down State 192 168 1 1 100 56 56 0 0 00 40 54 Established Use the displ...

Page 252: ...evices and processes VPN routing CE device Edge device on a customer network A CE device can be a router a switch or a host that implements route distribution on the customer network As shown in Figure 65 the network that runs multicast VPN carries independent multicast services for the public network VPN A and VPN B A PE multicast device at the edge of the public network supports multiple VPN ins...

Page 253: ... The PE devices connect with different sites through VPNs and support multicast for each single VPN The PE devices connect with the public network and support multicast for the public network The PE devices support information exchange and data conversion between the public network and VPNs The device implements multicast VPN by means of the multicast domain MD method This multicast VPN implementa...

Page 254: ...t is used to build a share MDT corresponding to the MD on the public network Share multicast distribution tree Share MDT A share MDT is an MDT that uses a share group as its group address In a VPN the share MDT is uniquely identified by the share group A share MDT is automatically created after configuration and will always exist on the public network regardless of the presence of any actual multi...

Page 255: ...nd the remote PE device de encapsulates the packet to turn it back into a private packet 4 The local PE device sends out private network data through the MTI and the remote PE devices receive the private data through the MTI As shown in Figure 66 an MD can be thought of as a private data transmission pool and an MTI can be thought of an entrance exit of the pool The local PE device puts the privat...

Page 256: ...work multicast packets that have entered the public network at that PE device are encapsulated into public network multicast packets using the switch group instead of using the share group so that they are switched from the share MDT to the switch MDT For more information about switch MDT see MDT switchover NOTE A VPN uniquely corresponds to an MD and an MD serves only one VPN which is called a on...

Page 257: ...through the MTI Actually the multicast data transmission process the MDT transmission process over the public network is very complicated Share MDT establishment The multicast routing protocol running on the public network can be PIM DM PIM SM BIDIR PIM or PIM SSM The process of creating a share MDT is different in these three PIM modes Share MDT establishment in a PIM DM network Figure 68 Share M...

Page 258: ...join message and a 239 1 1 1 state entry is created on each device along the path on the public network At the same time PE 2 and PE 3 respectively initiate a similar join process Finally an RPT is established in the MD with the public network RP as the root and PE 1 PE 2 and PE 3 as leaves 2 The public instance on PE 1 registers the multicast source with the public network RP and the public netwo...

Page 259: ...ly the receiver side RPT is established in the MD with the public network RP as the root and PE 1 PE 2 and PE 3 as leaves 2 The public network on PE 1 sends multicast data with the share group address as the destination multicast group address The DF on each subnet that the multicast data travels through on the public network unconditionally forwards the data to the RP and a 239 1 1 1 entry is cre...

Page 260: ...ively initiate a similar SPT establishment process Finally three independent SPTs are established in the MD In the PIM SS M network the three independent SPTs constitute a share MDT NOTE In PIM SSM subscribe messages are used equivalent to join messages Characteristics of a share MDT As discussed above a share MDT is characterized as follows no matter what PIM mode is running on the public network...

Page 261: ...If the multicast source and the VPN RP are in different sites a registration process is initiated across the public network to establish an SPT 3 If the VPN network runs BIDIR PIM Hello packets are forwarded among MTI interfaces to establish PIM neighboring relationships If the receivers and the VPN RP are in different sites a join process is initiated across the public network to establish the re...

Page 262: ...ecks the join message If any PE device finds that the VPN RP is in the site it interfaces with it passes the join message to the VPN instance on it otherwise it discards the join message 5 When receiving the join message the VPN instance on PE 1 considers that it received the message from the MTI PE 1 creates a local 225 1 1 1 state entry with the downstream interface being the MTI and the upstrea...

Page 263: ...oss the public network along the source side RPT If the VPN RP and the receivers are in different sites the VPN RP forwards the multicast data to the receivers across the public network along the receiver side RPT For more information of RPT to SPT switchover see Configuring PIM The following example explains how multicast data packets are delivered based on the share MDT while PIM DM is running i...

Page 264: ...private network multicast stream before it enters the public network Then the multicast stream is switched from the share MDT to the switch MDT to deliver the multicast data to only those receivers that need it The process of share MDT to switch MDT switching is as follows 1 The source side PE PE 1 in this example device periodically checks the forwarding rate of the VPN multicast traffic Share MD...

Page 265: ...of private network multicast traffic from the share MDT to the switch MDT is changed and the private network multicast data fails to pass the new ACL rule Multi AS MD VPN If nodes of a VPNs network are allocated in multiple autonomous systems ASs these VPN nodes must be interconnected Two approaches are available to implement multi AS VPN VRF to VRF PE interconnectivity As shown in Figure 74 a VPN...

Page 266: ...nfiguration task list Task Remarks Configuring MD VPN Enabling IP multicast routing in a VPN instance Required Configuring a share group and an MTI binding Required Configuring MDT switching parameters Optional Enabling switch group reuse logging Optional Configuring BGP MDT Configuring BGP MDT peers or peer groups Required Configuring a BGP MDT route reflector Optional Configuring MD VPN Configur...

Page 267: ...n MTI binding By running multiple instances on each PE device you enable the PE device to work for multiple VPNs You need to configure the same share group address for the same VPN instance on different PE devices With a share group and an MTI number configured the system automatically creates an MTI binds the share group address to the MTI and binds the MTI to the current VPN instance Configurati...

Page 268: ...roup pool mask mask length acl acl number By default no switch group pool is configured and multicast traffic is never switched to a switch MDT 3 Configure the switch delay period multicast domain switch delay switch delay Optional 5 seconds by default Enabling switch group reuse logging For a given VPN if the number of private network multicast streams to be switched to switch MDTs exceeds the nu...

Page 269: ...or cluster ID Configuring BGP MDT peers or peer groups With BGP MDT peers or peer groups configured a PE exchanges the BGP MDT routing information with other PEs to obtain their addresses and thus establish a share MDT Perform the following configuration on the PE To configure BGP MDT peers or peer groups Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter BGP view bgp as number N A 3...

Page 270: ...e reflector Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter BGP view bgp as number N A 3 Enter BGP MDT sub address family view ipv4 family mdt N A 4 Configure the local device as a route reflector and specify its clients peer group name ip address reflect client By default neither route reflectors nor clients exist 5 Disable route reflection between clients undo reflect between cl...

Page 271: ...display bgp mdt all route distinguisher route distinguisher routing table ip address mask mask length begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view 7 Reset the BGP MDT connections reset bgp mdt as number ip address all external group group name internal Available in any view Multicast VPN configuration example Single AS MD VPN configuration Network requirements The network require...

Page 272: ...ing information between all private networks Configure MPLS on the public network IP multicast routing Enable IP multicast routing on the P router Enable IP multicast routing on the public network on PE 1 PE 2 and PE 3 Enable IP multicast routing in VPN instance a on PE 1 PE 2 and PE 3 Enable IP multicast routing in VPN instance b on PE 2 and PE 3 Enable IP multicast routing on CE a1 CE a2 CE a3 C...

Page 273: ...0 110 4 2 24 P Loop1 2 2 2 2 32 CE a2 GE2 1 3 10 110 12 1 24 PE 1 GE2 1 1 192 168 6 1 24 CE a2 Loop1 22 22 22 22 32 PE 1 GE2 1 2 10 110 1 1 24 CE a3 GE2 1 1 10 110 10 1 24 PE 1 GE2 1 3 10 110 2 1 24 CE a3 GE2 1 2 10 110 5 2 24 PE 1 Loop1 1 1 1 1 32 CE a3 GE2 1 3 10 110 12 2 24 PE 2 GE2 1 1 192 168 7 1 24 CE b1 GE2 1 1 10 110 8 1 24 PE 2 GE2 1 2 10 110 3 1 24 CE b1 GE2 1 2 10 110 3 2 24 PE 2 GE2 1 ...

Page 274: ... 1 1 1 binding mtunnel 0 PE1 vpn instance a multicast domain switch group pool 225 2 2 0 28 PE1 vpn instance a quit Assign an IP address enable PIM SM and LDP capability on the public network interface GigabitEthernet 2 1 1 PE1 interface GigabitEthernet 2 1 1 PE1 GigabitEthernet2 1 1 ip address 192 168 6 1 24 PE1 GigabitEthernet2 1 1 pim sm PE1 GigabitEthernet2 1 1 mpls PE1 GigabitEthernet2 1 1 mp...

Page 275: ... automatically obtain an IP address after BGP peer configuration on PE 1 This address is the loopback interface address specified in the BGP peer configuration The PIM mode running on MTI 0 is the same as the PIM mode running in VPN instance a Configure OSPF PE1 ospf 1 PE1 ospf 1 area 0 0 0 0 PE1 ospf 1 area 0 0 0 0 network 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 PE1 ospf 1 area 0 0 0 0 network 192 168 0 0 0 0 255 255 PE...

Page 276: ... pool PE2 vpn instance a multicast routing enable PE2 vpn instance a multicast domain share group 239 1 1 1 binding mtunnel 0 PE2 vpn instance a multicast domain switch group pool 225 2 2 0 28 PE2 vpn instance a quit Assign an IP address enable PIM SM and LDP capability on the public network interface GigabitEthernet 2 1 1 PE2 interface GigabitEthernet 2 1 1 PE2 GigabitEthernet2 1 1 ip address 192...

Page 277: ... address specified in the BGP peer configuration The PIM mode running on MTI 0 is the same as the PIM mode running in VPN instance a The interface MTI 1 will automatically obtain an IP address after BGP peer configuration on PE 2 This address is the loopback interface address specified in the BGP peer configuration The PIM mode running on MTI 1 is the same as the PIM mode running in VPN instance b...

Page 278: ...mmunity PE3 vpn instance b vpn target 200 1 import extcommunity Enable IP multicast routing in VPN instance b configure a share group address associate an MTI with the VPN instance and define the address range of the switch group pool PE3 vpn instance b multicast routing enable PE3 vpn instance b multicast domain share group 239 2 2 2 binding mtunnel 1 PE3 vpn instance b multicast domain switch gr...

Page 279: ...loopback 2 PE3 pim b c rp loopback 2 PE3 pim b quit Configure BGP PE3 bgp 100 PE3 bgp group vpn g internal PE3 bgp peer vpn g connect interface loopback 1 PE3 bgp peer 1 1 1 1 group vpn g PE3 bgp peer 1 1 1 2 group vpn g PE3 bgp ipv4 family vpn instance a PE3 bgp a import route rip 2 PE3 bgp a import route direct PE3 bgp a quit PE3 bgp ipv4 family vpn instance b PE3 bgp b import route rip 3 PE3 bg...

Page 280: ...e bgp PE3 rip 3 return 4 Configuring the R router Enable IP multicast routing configure an MPLS LSR ID and enable the LDP capability on the public network P system view P multicast routing enable P mpls lsr id 2 2 2 2 P mpls P mpls quit P mpls ldp P mpls ldp quit Assign an IP address enable PIM SM and LDP capability on the public network interface GigabitEthernet 2 1 1 P interface GigabitEthernet ...

Page 281: ...rea 0 0 0 0 network 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 P ospf 1 area 0 0 0 0 network 192 168 0 0 0 0 255 255 5 Configure CE a1 Enable IP multicast routing CEa1 system view CEa1 multicast routing enable Assign an IP address and enable PIM SM on GigabitEthernet 2 1 1 CEa1 interface GigabitEthernet 2 1 1 CEa1 GigabitEthernet2 1 1 ip address 10 110 7 1 24 CEa1 GigabitEthernet2 1 1 pim sm CEa1 GigabitEthernet2 1 1 quit A...

Page 282: ...gabitEthernet2 1 1 pim sm CEa2 GigabitEthernet2 1 1 quit Assign an IP address and enable PIM SM on GigabitEthernet 2 1 2 CEa2 interface GigabitEthernet 2 1 2 CEa2 GigabitEthernet2 1 2 ip address 10 110 4 2 24 CEa2 GigabitEthernet2 1 2 pim sm CEa2 GigabitEthernet2 1 2 quit Assign an IP address and enable PIM SM on GigabitEthernet 2 1 3 CEa2 interface GigabitEthernet 2 1 3 CEa2 GigabitEthernet2 1 3 ...

Page 283: ...abitEthernet2 1 3 quit Configure RIP CEa3 rip 2 CEa3 rip 2 network 10 0 0 0 9 Configure CE b2 Enable IP multicast routing CEb2 system view CEb2 multicast routing enable Assign an IP address and enable IGMP and PIM SM on GigabitEthernet 2 1 1 CEb2 interface GigabitEthernet 2 1 1 CEb2 GigabitEthernet2 1 1 ip address 10 110 11 1 24 CEb2 GigabitEthernet2 1 1 igmp enable CEb2 GigabitEthernet2 1 1 pim s...

Page 284: ...PN configuration Network requirements The network requirements for multi AS MD VPN configuration are listed in the table below Item Network requirements Multicast sources and receivers In VPN a S 1 is a multicast source and R 2 is a receiver In VPN b S 2 is a multicast source and R 1 is a receiver For VPN a the share group address is 239 1 1 1 and the range of its switch group pool addresses is 22...

Page 285: ...CE b2 IGMP Run IGMPv2 on GigabitEthernet 4 1 1 of CE a2 Run IGMPv2 on GigabitEthernet 4 1 1 of CE b2 PIM Enable PIM SM on all public network interfaces of PE 2 and PE 3 Enable PIM SM on all public and private network interfaces of PE 1 and PE 4 Enable PIM SM on all interfaces of CE a1 CE a2 CE b1 and CE b2 Configure Loopback 2 of PE 2 and PE 3 as a C BSR and a C RP for their respective AS to work ...

Page 286: ... CE a2 GE4 1 2 10 11 3 2 24 CE b2 Loop0 3 3 3 3 32 Configuration procedure 1 Configure PE 1 Configure a Router ID enable IP multicast routing on the public network configure an MPLS LSR ID and enable the LDP capability PE1 system view PE1 router id 1 1 1 1 PE1 multicast routing enable PE1 mpls lsr id 1 1 1 1 PE1 mpls PE1 mpls quit PE1 mpls ldp PE1 mpls ldp quit Create VPN instance a configure an R...

Page 287: ...ls ldp PE1 GigabitEthernet4 1 1 quit Bind GigabitEthernet 4 1 2 to VPN instance a configure an IP address and enable PIM SM on the interface PE1 interface GigabitEthernet 4 1 2 PE1 GigabitEthernet4 1 2 ip binding vpn instance a PE1 GigabitEthernet4 1 2 ip address 10 11 1 1 24 PE1 GigabitEthernet4 1 2 pim sm PE1 GigabitEthernet4 1 2 quit Bind GigabitEthernet 4 1 3 to VPN instance b configure an IP ...

Page 288: ...same as on the interfaces in VPN instance b Configure OSPF PE1 ospf 1 PE1 ospf 1 area 0 0 0 0 PE1 ospf 1 area 0 0 0 0 network 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 PE1 ospf 1 area 0 0 0 0 network 10 10 0 0 0 0 255 255 PE1 ospf 1 area 0 0 0 0 quit PE1 ospf 1 quit PE1 ospf 2 vpn instance a PE1 ospf 2 import route bgp PE1 ospf 2 area 0 0 0 0 PE1 ospf 2 area 0 0 0 0 network 10 11 0 0 0 0 255 255 PE1 ospf 2 area 0 0 0 0 qui...

Page 289: ...PE2 LoopBack1 pim sm PE2 LoopBack1 quit Assign an IP address to Loopback 2 and enable PIM SM PE2 interface loopback 2 PE2 LoopBack2 ip address 11 11 11 11 32 PE2 LoopBack2 pim sm PE2 LoopBack2 quit Configure Loopback 2 as a C BSR and a C RP for the public network instance PE2 pim PE2 pim c bsr loopback 2 PE2 pim c rp loopback 2 PE2 pim quit Configure a BSR message boundary PE2 interface GigabitEth...

Page 290: ...10 PE2 route policy if match mpls label PE2 route policy apply mpls label PE2 route policy quit 3 Configure PE 3 Configure a Router ID enable IP multicast routing on the public network configure an MPLS LSR ID and enable the LDP capability PE3 system view PE3 router id 1 1 1 3 PE3 multicast routing enable PE3 mpls lsr id 1 1 1 3 PE3 mpls PE3 mpls quit PE3 mpls ldp PE3 mpls ldp quit Assign an IP ad...

Page 291: ...ary PE3 GigabitEthernet4 1 2 quit Establish an MSDP peering relationship PE3 msdp PE3 msdp encap data enable PE3 msdp peer 1 1 1 2 connect interface loopback 1 Configure a static route PE3 ip route static 1 1 1 2 32 GigabitEthernet 4 1 2 192 168 1 1 Configure BGP PE3 bgp 200 PE3 bgp import route ospf 1 PE3 bgp group pe3 pe4 internal PE3 bgp peer pe3 pe4 route policy map2 export PE3 bgp peer pe3 pe...

Page 292: ... PE4 ip vpn instance a PE4 vpn instance a route distinguisher 100 1 PE4 vpn instance a vpn target 100 1 export extcommunity PE4 vpn instance a vpn target 100 1 import extcommunity PE4 vpn instance a multicast routing enable PE4 vpn instance a multicast domain share group 239 1 1 1 binding mtunnel 0 PE4 vpn instance a multicast domain switch group pool 225 1 1 0 28 PE4 vpn instance a quit Create VP...

Page 293: ... ip address 10 11 4 1 24 PE4 GigabitEthernet4 1 3 pim sm PE4 GigabitEthernet4 1 3 quit Assign an IP address to Loopback 1 and enable PIM SM PE4 interface loopback 1 PE4 LoopBack1 ip address 1 1 1 4 32 PE4 LoopBack1 pim sm PE4 LoopBack1 quit Configure BGP PE4 bgp 200 PE4 bgp group pe4 pe3 internal PE4 bgp peer pe4 pe3 label route capability PE4 bgp peer pe4 pe3 connect interface loopback 1 PE4 bgp ...

Page 294: ...PE4 ospf 3 import route bgp PE4 ospf 3 area 0 0 0 0 PE4 ospf 3 area 0 0 0 0 network 10 11 0 0 0 0 255 255 PE4 ospf 3 area 0 0 0 0 quit PE4 ospf 3 quit 5 Configure CE a1 Enable IP multicast routing CEa1 system view CEa1 multicast routing enable Assign an IP address and enable PIM SM on GigabitEthernet 4 1 1 CEa1 interface GigabitEthernet 4 1 1 CEa1 GigabitEthernet4 1 1 ip address 10 11 5 1 24 CEa1 ...

Page 295: ... address 10 11 2 2 24 CEb1 GigabitEthernet4 1 2 pim sm CEb1 GigabitEthernet4 1 2 quit Configure OSPF CEb1 ospf 1 CEb1 ospf 1 area 0 0 0 0 CEb1 ospf 1 area 0 0 0 0 network 10 11 0 0 0 0 255 255 CEb1 ospf 1 area 0 0 0 0 quit CEb1 ospf 1 quit 7 Configure CE a2 Enable IP multicast routing CEa2 system view CEa2 multicast routing enable Assign an IP address and enable IGMP and PIM SM on GigabitEthernet ...

Page 296: ... PIM SM CEb2 interface loopback 1 CEb2 LoopBack1 ip address 3 3 3 3 32 CEb2 LoopBack1 pim sm CEb2 LoopBack1 quit Configure Loopback 1 as a C BSR and a C RP for VPN b CEb2 pim CEb2 pim c bsr loopback 1 CEb2 pim c rp loopback 1 CEb2 pim quit Configure OSPF CEb2 ospf 1 CEb2 ospf 1 area 0 0 0 0 CEb2 ospf 1 area 0 0 0 0 network 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 CEb2 ospf 1 area 0 0 0 0 network 10 11 0 0 0 0 255 255 CEb2...

Page 297: ...se a share MDT cannot be correctly built for the VPN instance and PIM adjacencies cannot be established between the VPN instance on the local PE device and the same VPN instance on the remote PE device BGP and unicast route configurations are prerequisites for the MTI interface to obtain an IP address automatically and PIM is enabled on at least one interface of the VPN instance so that PIM can be...

Page 298: ...c network and the VPN instance and thus VPN instance cannot correctly establish its MVRF The customer DR must have a route to the VPN RP Solution 1 Use the display pim bsr info command to verify that the BSR information exists on the public network and VPN instance If not verify that a unicast route exists to the BSR 2 Use the display pim rp info command to view the RP information If no RP informa...

Page 299: ...icast packets to all devices at Layer 2 With MLD snooping enabled the Layer 2 switch forwards multicast packets for known IPv6 multicast groups to only the receivers that require the data at Layer 2 This feature improves bandwidth efficiency enhances multicast security and helps per host accounting for multicast users Figure 78 Before and after MLD snooping is enabled on the Layer 2 device Basic c...

Page 300: ...e specified router ports and member ports in this document include both static and dynamic router ports and member ports NOTE An MLD snooping enabled router deems that the all its ports that receive MLD general queries with the source address other than 0 0 or that receive IPv6 PIM hello messages are dynamic router ports For more information about IPv6 PIM hello messages see Configuring IPv6 PIM A...

Page 301: ...port If the port that received the query is not in the router port list the router adds it into the router port list as a dynamic router port and starts an aging timer for the port When receiving a membership report A host sends an MLD report to the MLD querier in the following circumstances If the host has been a member of an IPv6 multicast group after receiving an MLD query the host responds to ...

Page 302: ...essage the MLD querier resolves the IPv6 multicast group address in the message and sends an MLD multicast address specific query to that IPv6 multicast group through the port that received the MLD done message After receiving the MLD multicast address specific query the router forwards it through all its router ports in the VLAN and all member ports of the IPv6 multicast group The router also per...

Page 303: ...es the IPv6 multicast group and contains the receiving port as a dynamic member port the proxy restarts the aging timer for the port If a forwarding entry matches the IPv6 multicast group but does not contain the receiving port the proxy adds the port to the forwarding entry as a dynamic member port and starts an aging timer for the port If no forwarding entry matches the IPv6 multicast group the ...

Page 304: ...in Optional Enabling IPv6 multicast group replacement Optional Enabling the MLD snooping host tracking function Optional For the configuration tasks in this section The configurations made in MLD snooping view are effective on all VLANs The configurations made in VLAN view are effective on only the current VLAN For a given VLAN a configuration made in MLD snooping view is effective only if the sam...

Page 305: ... by default 3 Return to system view quit N A 4 Enter VLAN view vlan vlan id N A 5 Enable MLD snooping for the VLAN mld snooping enable Disabled by default Specifying the version of MLD snooping Different versions of MLD snooping can process different versions of MLD messages MLDv1 snooping can process MLDv1 messages but flood MLDv2 messages in the VLAN instead of processing them MLDv2 snooping can...

Page 306: ...uring MLD snooping port functions Before configuring MLD snooping port functions complete the following tasks Enable MLD snooping in the VLAN Configure the corresponding port groups Determine the aging timer for dynamic router ports Determine the aging timer for dynamic member ports Determine the IPv6 multicast group and IPv6 multicast source addresses Configuring aging timers for dynamic ports If...

Page 307: ...ing host aging time interval 260 seconds by default Configuring static ports If all the hosts attached to a port is interested in the IPv6 multicast data addressed to a particular IPv6 multicast group you can configure that port as a static member port for that IPv6 multicast group You can configure a port as a static router port through which the router can forward all IPv6 multicast data it rece...

Page 308: ...for an IPv6 multicast group A simulated host is equivalent to an independent host For example when a simulated member host receives an MLD query it gives a response separately Therefore the router can continue receiving IPv6 multicast data A simulated host acts like a real host in the following ways When a port is configured as a simulated member host the router sends an unsolicited MLD report thr...

Page 309: ...ast group the other hosts attached to the port in the same IPv6 multicast group cannot receive the IPv6 multicast data for the group Enabling fast leave processing globally Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter MLD snooping view mld snooping N A 3 Enable fast leave processing fast leave vlan vlan list Disabled by default Enabling fast leave processing on a port Step Comm...

Page 310: ...namic router port mld snooping router port deny vlan vlan list By default a port can become a dynamic router port NOTE This configuration does not affect the static router port configuration Configuring MLD snooping querier Before configuring MLD snooping querier complete the following task Enable MLD snooping in the VLAN Determine the interval for sending MLD general queries Determine the MLD las...

Page 311: ...v6 multicast group that it has joined when it receives an MLD query general query or multicast address specific query This timer is initialized to a random value in the range of 0 to the maximum response delay advertised in the MLD query message When the timer value decreases to 0 the host sends an MLD report to the IPv6 multicast group To speed up the response of hosts to MLD queries and avoid si...

Page 312: ...resses for MLD queries Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter VLAN view vlan vlan id N A 3 Configure the source IPv6 address of MLD general queries mld snooping general query source ip ipv6 address current interface FE80 02FF FFFF FE00 0001 by default 4 Configure the source IPv6 address of MLD multicast address specific queries mld snooping special query source ip ipv6 ad...

Page 313: ...ooping proxy on behalf of its attached hosts in a VLAN Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter VLAN view vlan vlan id N A 3 Configure a source IPv6 address for the MLD reports sent by the proxy mld snooping report source ip ipv6 address current interface The default is FE80 02FF FFFF FE00 0001 4 Configure a source IPv6 address for the MLD done messages sent by the proxy ml...

Page 314: ...cast group filter on a port Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter Layer 2 Ethernet interface view or Layer 2 aggregate interface view or enter port group view Enter Layer 2 Ethernet interface view or Layer 2 aggregate interface view interface interface type interface number Enter port group view port group manual port group name Use either command 3 Configure an IPv6 mul...

Page 315: ...mber of packets being transmitted over the network IMPORTANT On an MLD snooping proxy MLD membership reports are suppressed if the entries for the corresponding groups exist in the forwarding table whether the suppression function is enabled or not To enable MLD report suppression Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter MLD snooping view mld snooping N A 3 Enable MLD repor...

Page 316: ...l switching To view a new TV channel a user switches from the current IPv6 multicast group to the new one To realize such requirements you can enable the IPv6 multicast group replacement function on the router or on a certain port When the number of IPv6 multicast groups that the router or the port has joined reaches the limit one of the following occurs If the IPv6 multicast group replacement fea...

Page 317: ...ction the router can record the information of the member hosts that are receiving IPv6 multicast traffic including the host IPv6 address running duration and timeout time You can monitor and manage the member hosts according to the recorded information Enabling the MLD snooping host tracking function globally Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter MLD snooping view mld s...

Page 318: ...ned by MLD snooping reset mld snooping statistics Available in user view NOTE The reset mld snooping group command works only on an MLD snooping enabled VLAN but not on a VLAN with MLD enabled on its VLAN interface The reset mld snooping group command cannot remove the static group entries of MLD snooping groups MLD snooping configuration examples IPv6 group policy and simulated joining configurat...

Page 319: ...uterA GigabitEthernet3 1 2 pim ipv6 dm RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 2 quit 3 Configure Router B Enable MLD snooping globally RouterB system view RouterB mld snooping RouterB mld snooping quit Create VLAN 100 assign GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 through GigabitEthernet 3 1 4 to this VLAN and enable MLD snooping and the function of dropping unknown IPv6 multicast packets in the VLAN RouterB vlan 100 RouterB v...

Page 320: ...n Display detailed MLD snooping multicast group information in VLAN 100 on Router B RouterB display mld snooping group vlan 100 verbose Total 1 IP Group s Total 1 IP Source s Total 1 MAC Group s Port flags D Dynamic port S Static port C Copy port P PIM port Subvlan flags R Real VLAN C Copy VLAN Vlan id 100 Total 1 IP Group s Total 1 IP Source s Total 1 MAC Group s Router port s total 1 port s GE3 ...

Page 321: ...y along the path of Router B Router D in the case that the path of Router B Router C Router D gets blocked NOTE If no static router port is configured when the path of Router B Router C Router D gets blocked at least one MLD query response cycle must be completed before the IPv6 multicast data can flow to the receivers along the new path of Router B Router D namely IPv6 multicast delivery will be ...

Page 322: ...outer port vlan 100 RouterB GigabitEthernet3 1 3 quit 4 Configure Router C Enable MLD snooping globally RouterC system view RouterC mld snooping RouterC mld snooping quit Create VLAN 100 assign GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 and GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 to this VLAN and enable MLD snooping in the VLAN RouterC vlan 100 RouterC vlan100 port GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 RouterC vlan100 mld snoopin...

Page 323: ...C Group s Router port s total 2 port s GE3 1 1 D GE3 1 3 S IP group s the following ip group s match to one mac group IP group address FF1E 101 FF1E 101 Attribute Host Port Host port s total 1 port s GE3 1 2 D MAC group s MAC group address 3333 0000 0101 Host port s total 1 port s GE3 1 2 The output shows that GigabitEthernet 3 1 3 of Router B has become a static port Display detailed MLD snooping...

Page 324: ...es the source 1 and the source 2 send IPv6 multicast data to IPv6 multicast groups FF1E 101 and FF1E 102 respectively Host A and Host C are receivers of multicast group FF1E 101 while Host B and Host D are receivers of multicast group FF1E 102 MLDv1 runs on all the receiver hosts and MLDv1 snooping runs on all routers Router A which is most close to the multicast sources is chosen as the MLD snoop...

Page 325: ...rt Gigabitethernet 3 1 1 to Gigabitethernet 3 1 4 Enable MLD snooping and the function of dropping unknown IPv6 multicast packets in VLAN 100 RouterB vlan100 mld snooping enable RouterB vlan100 mld snooping drop unknown RouterB vlan100 quit 3 Configure Router C and Router D in the same way as you configure Router B Details not shown Verify the configuration When the MLD snooping querier starts to ...

Page 326: ...iagram Configuration procedure 1 Assign an IP address and prefix length to each interface as per Figure 84 Details not shown 2 On Router A enable IPv6 multicast routing enable MLD on port GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 and enable IPv6 PIM DM on each interface RouterA system view RouterA multicast ipv6 routing enable RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 mld enable RouterA Gig...

Page 327: ...roups and MLD multicast groups For example Display information about MLD snooping multicast groups on Router B RouterB display mld snooping group Total 1 IP Group s Total 1 IP Source s Total 1 MAC Group s Port flags D Dynamic port S Static port C Copy port P PIM port Subvlan flags R Real VLAN C Copy VLAN Vlan id 100 Total 1 IP Group s Total 1 IP Source s Total 1 MAC Group s Router port s total 1 p...

Page 328: ...100 Total 1 IP Group s Total 1 IP Source s Total 1 MAC Group s Router port s total 1 port s GE3 1 1 D 00 01 23 IP group s the following ip group s match to one mac group IP group address FF1E 101 FF1E 101 Host port s total 1 port s GE3 1 3 D MAC group s MAC group address 3333 0000 0101 Host port s total 1 port s GE3 1 3 Troubleshooting MLD snooping Layer 2 multicast forwarding cannot function Symp...

Page 329: ...mand to verify that the function of dropping unknown IPv6 multicast data is enabled If not use the drop unknown or mld snooping drop unknown command to enable dropping unknown IPv6 multicast data Appendix Processing of IPv6 multicast protocol messages With Layer 3 multicast routing enabled an MLD snooping enabled router processes IPv6 multicast protocol messages differently under different conditi...

Page 330: ... group port info command to display Layer 2 port information If IPv6 PIM is disabled on the router one of the following occurs If MLD is disabled the router deletes all its dynamic router ports If MLD is enabled the router maintains all its dynamic member ports and dynamic router ports ...

Page 331: ... Receiver 2 belongs to G2 The Layer 2 switch s interfaces that connect to the IPv6 PIM capable routers are in the same VLAN When running MLD snooping without IPv6 PIM snooping the Layer 2 switch maintains the router ports according to IPv6 PIM hello messages received from IPv6 PIM capable routers broadcasts all IPv6 multicast packet transmission when only MLD snooping runs IPv6 multicast packet tr...

Page 332: ...formation about IPv6 PIM see Configuring IPv6 PIM Configuring IPv6 PIM snooping Before configuring IPv6 PIM snooping for a VLAN be sure to enable MLD snooping globally and specifically for the VLAN After you enable IPv6 PIM snooping in a VLAN IPv6 PIM snooping works only on the member interfaces of the VLAN IPv6 PIM snooping does not work in the sub VLANs of a multicast VLAN For more information a...

Page 333: ... Receiver 1 belongs to multicast group FF1E 101 and Receiver 2 belongs to multicast group FF2E 101 Router C and Router D run MLD on their interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 Router A Router B Router C and Router D run IPv6 PIM SM and interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 on Router A acts as a C BSR and C RP Configure MLD snooping and IPv6 PIM snooping on Router E so that Router E forwards IPv6 PIM messages ...

Page 334: ...tEthernet3 1 1 mld enable RouterC GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterC interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 RouterC GigabitEthernet3 1 2 pim ipv6 sm 5 Configure Router D in the same way as you configure Router C Details not shown 6 Configure Router E Enable MLD snooping globally RouterE system view RouterE mld snooping RouterE mld snooping quit Switch the link mode of GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 through Gigabit...

Page 335: ...r A Router B Router C and Router D are IPv6 PIM snooping neighbors On Router E display the IPv6 PIM snooping routing information of VLAN 100 RouterE display pim snooping ipv6 routing table vlan 100 Total 2 entry ies FSM Flag NI no info J join PP prune pending VLAN ID 100 Total 2 entry ies FF1E 101 Upstream neighbor FE80 1 Total number of downstream ports 1 1 GE3 1 3 FF2E 101 Upstream neighbor FE80...

Page 336: ...e message fragments carry To ensure the normal operation of the system IPv6 PIM snooping must broadcast join prune message fragments in the VLAN However if the VLAN has an IPv6 PIM capable router that has the join suppression function enabled the broadcast join prune message fragments might suppress the join messages of other IPv6 PIM capable routers in the VLAN As a result some IPv6 PIM capable r...

Page 337: ...e solution to this issue With the IPv6 multicast VLAN feature the Layer 3 device needs to replicate the IPv6 multicast traffic only in the IPv6 multicast VLAN instead of making a separate copy of the IPv6 multicast traffic in each user VLAN This saves the network bandwidth and lessens the burden of the Layer 3 device The device supports the sub VLAN based IPv6 multicast VLAN feature As shown in Fi...

Page 338: ...lticast VLAN Required Setting the maximum number of forwarding entries for IPv6 multicast VLANs Optional Configuring a sub VLAN based IPv6 multicast VLAN Before configuring sub VLAN based IPv6 multicast VLAN complete the following tasks Enable IPv6 forwarding Create VLANs as required Enable MLD snooping in the VLAN to be configured as an IPv6 multicast VLAN You need to configure a VLAN as an IPv6 ...

Page 339: ...ticast VLANs When the number of forwarding entries maintained for the IPv6 multicast VLANs reaches the upper limit the system does not automatically remove any existing entries or create new entries HP recommends that you remove excessive entries manually To set the maximum number of entries in the forwarding table Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Set the maximum number o...

Page 340: ...that belong to different user VLANs Figure 89 Network diagram Configuration procedure 1 Configure Router A Enable IPv6 forwarding and IPv6 multicast routing RouterA system view RouterA ipv6 RouterA multicast ipv6 routing enable Configure an IPv6 address for GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 and enable IPv6 PIM DM RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 2 ipv6 address 1 2 64 RouterA ...

Page 341: ...igabitEthernet 3 1 2 SwitchA vlan2 quit Create VLAN 3 and assign GigabitEthernet 3 1 3 to this VLAN SwitchA vlan 3 SwitchA vlan3 port GigabitEthernet 3 1 3 SwitchA vlan3 quit Create VLAN 4 and assign GigabitEthernet 3 1 4 to this VLAN SwitchA vlan 4 SwitchA vlan4 port GigabitEthernet 3 1 4 SwitchA vlan4 quit Create VLAN 10 and enable MLD snooping in this VLAN SwitchA vlan 10 SwitchA vlan10 port ml...

Page 342: ...py VLAN Vlan id 2 Total 1 IP Group s Total 1 IP Source s Total 1 MAC Group s Router port s total 0 port s IP group s the following ip group s match to one mac group IP group address FF1E 101 FF1E 101 Host port s total 1 port s GE3 1 2 D MAC group s MAC group address 3333 0000 0101 Host port s total 1 port s GE3 1 2 Vlan id 3 Total 1 IP Group s Total 1 IP Source s Total 1 MAC Group s Router port s ...

Page 343: ...t s GE3 1 4 Vlan id 10 Total 1 IP Group s Total 1 IP Source s Total 1 MAC Group s Router port s total 1 port s GE3 1 1 D IP group s the following ip group s match to one mac group IP group address FF1E 101 FF1E 101 Host port s total 0 port s MAC group s MAC group address 3333 0000 0101 Host port s total 0 port s The output shows that MLD snooping is maintaining the router port in the IPv6 multicas...

Page 344: ...m An IPv6 multicast routing protocol relies on the existing IPv6 unicast routing information or IPv6 MBGP routes in creating IPv6 multicast routing entries When creating IPv6 multicast routing table entries an IPv6 multicast routing protocol uses the reverse path forwarding RPF to ensure IPv6 multicast data delivery along the correct path In addition the RPF check mechanism also helps avoid data l...

Page 345: ...ticast forwarding Implementing an RPF check on each received IPv6 multicast data packet would bring a big burden to the router The use of an IPv6 multicast forwarding table is the solution to this issue When creating an IPv6 multicast routing entry and an IPv6 multicast forwarding entry for an IPv6 multicast packet the router sets the RPF interface of the packet as the incoming interface of the S ...

Page 346: ...the S G entry the router performs an RPF check on the packet The router searches its IPv6 unicast routing table and finds that the outgoing interface to the source the RPF interface is POS 2 1 2 This means the S G entry is correct and packet arrived along a wrong path The RPF check fails and the packet is discarded IPv6 multicast forwarding across IPv6 unicast subnets Routers forward the IPv6 mult...

Page 347: ...6 multicast routing policy Optional Configuring an IPv6 multicast forwarding range Optional Configuring the IPv6 multicast forwarding table size Optional Configuring RPF check failure processing Optional Enabling IPv6 multicast routing Before configuring any Layer 3 IPv6 multicast functionality you must enable IPv6 multicast routing To enable IPv6 multicast routing Step Command Remarks 1 Enter sys...

Page 348: ...t take effect in IPv6 BIDIR PIM Configuring an IPv6 multicast forwarding range IPv6 multicast packets do not travel infinitely in a network The IPv6 multicast data of each IPv6 multicast group must be transmitted within a definite scope Currently you can define an IPv6 multicast forwarding range by specifying boundary interfaces which form a closed IPv6 multicast forwarding area You can configure ...

Page 349: ...se downstream nodes forms a branch of the IPv6 multicast distribution tree You can configure the maximum number of downstream nodes namely the maximum number of outgoing interfaces for a single entry in the IPv6 multicast forwarding table to lessen burden on the router for replicating IPv6 multicast traffic If the configured maximum number of downstream nodes for a single IPv6 multicast forwarding...

Page 350: ...he corresponding VLAN interface you need to use the reset mld group port info command to clear Layer 2 port information for all MLD multicast groups in the VLAN and use the reset mld group command clear all MLD multicast group information on the corresponding VLAN interface Otherwise this configuration cannot take effect For more information about the reset mld group port info and reset mld group ...

Page 351: ...oing interface to the CPU the router can determine whether the packets that have failed the RPF check on the SPT interface are expected If they are the router initiates an RPT prune For more information about the assert mechanism and RPT to SPT switchover see Configuring IPv6 PIM To enable delivering packets that failed the RPF check to the CPU Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view ...

Page 352: ...ing interface interface type interface number register outgoing interface exclude include match interface type interface number register begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Display the RPF route information of the specified IPv6 multicast source display multicast ipv6 rpf info ipv6 source address ipv6 group address begin exclude include regular expression Available in an...

Page 353: ...uter A and assign the IPv6 address and prefix length to interface Tunnel 0 RouterA system view RouterA interface tunnel 0 RouterA Tunnel0 ipv6 address 5001 1 64 On Router A specify the tunnel encapsulation mode as GRE over IPv6 and assign the source and destination addresses to interface Tunnel 0 RouterA Tunnel0 tunnel protocol gre ipv6 RouterA Tunnel0 source 2001 1 RouterA Tunnel0 destination 300...

Page 354: ...gabitEthernet3 1 1 ospfv3 1 area 0 RouterB GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterB interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 2 RouterB GigabitEthernet3 1 2 ospfv3 1 area 0 RouterB GigabitEthernet3 1 2 quit Configure OSPFv3 on Router C RouterC ospfv3 1 RouterC ospfv3 1 router id 3 3 3 3 RouterC ospfv3 1 quit RouterC interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterC GigabitEthernet3 1 1 ospfv3 1 area 0 RouterC GigabitEthernet3...

Page 355: ... the configuration The source sends the IPv6 multicast data to the IPv6 multicast group FF1E 101 and the receiver can receive the IPv6 multicast data after joining the IPv6 multicast group You can use the display pim ipv6 routing table command to display IPv6 PIM routing table information on routers For example Display IPv6 PIM routing table information on Router C RouterC display pim ipv6 routing...

Page 356: ...d is filters IPv6 multicast packets received on an interface If an IPv6 multicast packet fails to match the IPv6 ACL rule of this command IPv6 PIM creates no routing entry In addition the source policy command in IPv6 PIM is filters received IPv6 multicast packets If an IPv6 multicast packet fails to match the IPv6 ACL rule of this command IPv6 PIM does not create a routing entry Solution 1 Use th...

Page 357: ...e MLD SSM mapping function to implement SSM service For more information about the ASM and SSM models see Multicast overview How MLDv1 works MLDv1 implements IPv6 multicast listener management based on the query response mechanism MLD querier election All IPv6 multicast routers on the same subnet can monitor MLD listener report messages often called reports from hosts but only one router that acts...

Page 358: ... is on the same subnet as Host B suppresses its own report for G1 because the MLD routers Router A and Router B have already known that at least one host on the local subnet is interested in G1 This mechanism known as the MLD report suppression helps reduce traffic on the local subnet 4 At the same time because Host A is interested in G2 it sends a report to the IPv6 multicast group address of G2 ...

Page 359: ... of the group How MLDv2 works Compared with MLDv1 MLDv2 provides the following new features IPv6 multicast group filtering MLDv2 has introduced IPv6 multicast source filtering modes Include and Exclude so that a host not only can join a designated IPv6 multicast group but also can specify to receive or reject multicast data from designated IPv6 multicast sources When a host joins an IPv6 multicast...

Page 360: ...net The multicast address state consists of the following information Filter mode The router keeps tracing the Include or Exclude state List of sources The router keeps tracing the newly added or deleted IPv6 multicast source Timers Filter timers including the time that the router waits before switching to the Include mode after an IPv6 multicast address times out the source timer for source recor...

Page 361: ...delay allowed before a host sends a report message Reserved Reserved field and initialized to zero Multicast Address This field is set to 0 in a general query message It is set to a specific IPv6 multicast address in a multicast address specific query message or multicast address and source specific query message S Flag indicating whether a router updates the timer for suppression after receiving ...

Page 362: ...Figure 96 Format of MLDv2 report message Table 23 Description on fields in an MLDv2 report message Field Description Type 143 Message type For a report message this field is set to 143 Reserved The Reserved fields are set to 0 on transmission and ignored on reception Checksum Standard IPv6 checksum Number of Multicast Address Records This field indicates how many IPv6 multicast address records are...

Page 363: ... available on Host A and Host B you need to configure the MLD SSM mapping feature on Router A With the MLD SSM mapping feature configured when Router A receives an MLDv1 report it checks the IPv6 multicast group address G carried in the message If G is not in the IPv6 SSM group range Router A cannot provide the SSM service but can provide the ASM service If G is in the IPv6 SSM group range but no ...

Page 364: ...ost interface Downstream interface An interface that is running MLD and not in the direction toward the root of the multicast forwarding tree A downstream interface acts as a router that is running MLD Therefore it is also called a router interface An MLD proxy device maintains a group membership database which stores the group memberships on all the downstream interfaces in this database Each ent...

Page 365: ...MLD proxying Enabling MLD proxying Optional Configuring IPv6 multicast forwarding on a downstream interface Optional For the configuration tasks in this section In MLD view the configuration is effective globally In interface view the configuration is effective on only the current interface If no configuration is performed in interface view the global configuration in MLD view applies to that inte...

Page 366: ...g multicast ipv6 routing enable Disable by default 3 Enter interface view interface interface type interface number N A 4 Enable MLD mld enable Disabled by default Configuring the MLD version Because MLD message types and formats vary with MLD versions the same MLD version should be configured for all routers on the same subnet before MLD can work properly Configuring an MLD version globally Step ...

Page 367: ...multicast group or the IPv6 multicast and source group Configuration procedure To configure a static member of an IPv6 multicast group or an IPv6 multicast source and group Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter interface view interface interface type interface number N A 3 Configure a static member of an IPv6 multicast group or an IPv6 multicast source and group mld stat...

Page 368: ...s see Fundamentals Configuration Guide NOTE This configuration only limits the number of IPv6 multicast groups that the interface dynamically joins Adjusting MLD performance For the configuration tasks in this section In MLD view the configuration is effective globally In interface view the configuration is effective on only the current interface If the same function or parameter is configured in ...

Page 369: ...ending on whether it carries the Router Alert option in the IPv6 header as follows By default in consideration of compatibility the device does not check the Router Alert option That is it processes all received MLD messages In this case the device passes MLD messages to the upper layer protocol for processing whether the MLD messages carry the Router Alert option or not To enhance the device perf...

Page 370: ...a random value in the range of 0 to the maximum response delay the host obtains the maximum response delay from the Maximum Response Delay field in the MLD query message it received When the timer value drops to 0 the host sends an MLD membership report message to the corresponding IPv6 multicast group Proper setting of the maximum response delay of MLD query messages not only allows hosts to resp...

Page 371: ... interval 1 second by default 9 Configure the MLD other querier present interval timer other querier present interval By default the other querier present interval is determined by the formula Other querier present interval in seconds MLD query interval MLD querier s robustness variable maximum response delay for MLD general query 2 Configuring MLD query and response parameters on an interface Ste...

Page 372: ...to the MLD done messages of the host when it switches frequently from one IPv6 multicast group to another you can enable MLD fast leave processing on the MLD querier With fast leave processing enabled after receiving an MLD done message from a host the MLD querier sends a leave notification to the upstream immediately without first sending MLD multicast address specific queries In this way the lea...

Page 373: ...tem view N A 2 Enter interface view interface interface type interface number N A 3 Enable the MLD host tracking function on the interface mld host tracking Disabled by default Configuring MLD SSM mapping Due to some possible restrictions some receiver hosts on an SSM network might run MLDv1 To provide SSM service support for these receiver hosts you need to configure the MLD SSM mapping feature o...

Page 374: ...ured MLD SSM mappings To configure an MLD SSM mapping Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter MLD view mld N A 3 Configure an MLD SSM mapping ssm mapping ipv6 group address prefix length ipv6 source address No MLD mappings are configured by default Configuring MLD proxying Before you configure the MLD proxying feature complete the following tasks Enable IPv6 forwarding and...

Page 375: ... Only the downstream interfaces acting as a querier can forward IPv6 multicast traffic to downstream hosts However when a downstream interface of a proxy device fails to win the querier election you need to enable IPv6 multicast forwarding on this interface On a multi access network with more than one MLD proxy device you cannot enable IPv6 multicast forwarding on any other non querier downstream ...

Page 376: ... regular expression Available in any view Display the information of the MLD routing table display mld routing table ipv6 source address prefix length ipv6 group address prefix length flags act suc begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Display MLD SSM mappings display mld ssm mapping ipv6 group address begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Display ...

Page 377: ...rs Router B and Router C and N2 Router B acts as the MLD querier because it has a lower IPv6 address The hosts in N1 can join only IPv6 multicast group FF1E 101 and the hosts in N2 can join any IPv6 multicast groups Figure 99 Network diagram Configuration procedure 1 Enable IPv6 forwarding on each router and assign an IPv6 address and prefix length to each interface as shown in Figure 99 Details n...

Page 378: ...On Router C enable IPv6 multicast routing globally enable MLD on GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 and enable IPv6 PIM DM on each interface RouterC system view RouterC multicast ipv6 routing enable RouterC interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterC GigabitEthernet3 1 1 mld enable RouterC GigabitEthernet3 1 1 pim ipv6 dm RouterC GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterC interface pos 5 1 1 RouterC Pos5 1 1 pim ipv6 dm Ro...

Page 379: ...ast packets to multicast groups in the IPv6 SSM group range You can configure the MLD SSM mapping feature on Router D so that the receiver host will receive IPv6 multicast data from the source 1 and the source 3 only Figure 100 Network diagram Table 24 Interface and IPv6 address assignment Device Interface IPv6 address Device Interface IPv6 address Source 1 1001 1 64 Source 3 3001 1 64 Source 2 20...

Page 380: ... RouterD GigabitEthernet3 1 1 pim ipv6 sm RouterD GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterD interface GigabitEthernet3 1 2 RouterD GigabitEthernet3 1 2 pim ipv6 sm RouterD GigabitEthernet3 1 2 quit RouterD interface GigabitEthernet3 1 3 RouterD GigabitEthernet3 1 3 pim ipv6 sm RouterD GigabitEthernet3 1 3 quit On Router A enable IPv6 multicast routing globally and enable IPv6 PIM SM on each interface Rout...

Page 381: ...1 1 3001 1 Display information about IPv6 multicast groups created based on the configured MLD SSM mappings on Router D RouterD display mld ssm mapping group Total 1 MLD SSM mapping Group s Interface group report information GigabitEthernet3 1 4001 2 Total 1 MLD SSM mapping Group reported Group Address FF3E 101 Last Reporter 4001 1 Uptime 00 02 04 Expires off Display IPv6 PIM routing table informa...

Page 382: ...ation procedure 1 Enable IPv6 forwarding on each router and assign the IPv6 address and prefix length to each interface as per Figure 101 Details not shown 2 Enable IPv6 multicast routing IPv6 PIM DM MLD and MLD proxying respectively On Router A enable IPv6 multicast routing globally enable IPv6 PIM DM on Serial 4 1 9 1 0 and enable MLD on GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterA system view RouterA multicas...

Page 383: ...MLD Group s Interface group report information GigabitEthernet3 1 1 2001 1 Total 1 MLD Groups reported Group Address Last Reporter Uptime Expires ff3e 101 2001 2 00 02 04 00 01 15 The output shows that the MLD reports sent from the hosts are forwarded to Router A through the proxy interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 of Router B Troubleshooting MLD No member information exists on the receiver side rout...

Page 384: ...multicast group G If an IPv6 ACL is configured to restrict the host from joining IPv6 multicast group G the ACL must be modified to allow IPv6 multicast group G to receive report messages Membership information is inconsistent on routers on the same subnet Symptom The MLD routers on the same subnet have different membership information Analysis A router running MLD maintains multiple parameters fo...

Page 385: ...icast Source Specific Multicast IPv6 PIM SSM To facilitate description a network comprising IPv6 PIM supporting routers is referred to as an IPv6 PIM domain in this document The router supports IPv6 BIDIR PIM only when the system is operating in SPE mode For more information about system operating modes see Fundamentals Configuration Guide IPv6 PIM DM overview IPv6 PIM DM is a type of dense mode I...

Page 386: ...et passes the RPF check the router creates an S G entry and forwards the packet to all downstream nodes in the network In the flooding process an S G entry is created on all the routers in the IPv6 PIM DM domain 2 Then nodes without downstream receivers are pruned A router having no downstream receivers sends a prune message to the upstream node to notify the upstream node to delete the correspond...

Page 387: ...ast data sends a graft message hop by hop toward its upstream node as a request to join the SPT again 2 Upon receiving this graft message the upstream node puts the interface on which the graft was received into the forwarding state and responds with a graft ack message to the graft sender 3 If the node that sent a graft message does not receive a graft ack message from its upstream node it keeps ...

Page 388: ...3 If there is a tie in the route metric to the source the router with a higher link local address of the downstream interface wins IPv6 PIM SM overview IPv6 PIM DM uses the flood and prune principle to build SPTs for IPv6 multicast data distribution Although an SPT has the shortest path it is built with a low efficiency Therefore the PIM DM mode is not suitable for large and medium sized networks ...

Page 389: ...on RP discovery Embedded RP RPT establishment IPv6 Multicast source registration SPT switchover Assert Neighbor discovery IPv6 PIM SM uses a similar neighbor discovery mechanism as IPv6 PIM DM does For more information see Neighbor discovery DR election IPv6 PIM SM also uses hello messages to elect a designated router DR for a multi access network such as an Ethernet network The elected DR will be...

Page 390: ...the topological structure of the RPT multiple candidate RPs C RPs can be configured in an IPv6 PIM SM domain among which an RP is dynamically elected through the bootstrap mechanism Each elected RP serves a different multicast group range For this purpose a bootstrap router BSR must be configured The BSR serves as the administrative core of an IPv6 PIM SM domain An IPv6 PIM SM domain can have only...

Page 391: ...5 XOR Ci 12345 mod 231 The table below gives the meanings of the values in this algorithm Table 25 Values in the hashing algorithm Value Description Value Hash value G The digest from the exclusive or XOR operation between the 32 bit segments of the IPv6 multicast group address For example if the IPv6 multicast address is FF0E C20 1A3 63 101 G 0xFF0E0C20 XOR 0x01A30063 XOR 0x00000000 XOR 0x0000010...

Page 392: ...he directly connected DR 2 Upon getting the IPv6 multicast group G s receiver information the DR sends a join message which is hop by hop forwarded to the RP corresponding to the multicast group 3 The routers along the path from the DR to the RP form an RPT branch Each router on this branch generates a G entry in its forwarding table The means any IPv6 multicast source The RP is the root while the...

Page 393: ...the SPT 3 The subsequent IPv6 multicast data from the IPv6 multicast source travels along the established SPT to the RP and then the RP forwards the data along the RPT to the receivers When the IPv6 multicast traffic arrives at the RP along the SPT the RP sends a register stop message to the source side DR by unicast to stop the source registration process NOTE The RP is configured to initiate an ...

Page 394: ... the join message reaches the source side DR all the routers on the path have installed the S G entry in their forwarding table and thus an SPT branch is established When the IPv6 multicast packets travel to the router where the RPT and the SPT deviate the router drops the multicast packets received from the RPT and sends an RP bit prune message hop by hop to the RP Upon receiving this prune messa...

Page 395: ...A s subnet is called the rendezvous point link RPL All interfaces connected to the RPL can act as RPs which back up one another DF election On a network segment with multiple multicast routers the same multicast packets may be forwarded to the RP repeatedly To address this issue IPv6 BIDIR PIM uses a DF election mechanism to elect a unique designated forwarder DF for each RP on every network segme...

Page 396: ...a receiver side RPT is similar to that for building an RPT in IPv6 PIM SM 1 When a receiver joins IPv6 multicast group G it uses an MLD message to inform the directly connected router 2 Upon getting the receiver information the router sends a join message which is forwarded hop by hop to the RP of the IPv6 multicast group 3 The routers along the path from the receiver s directly connected router t...

Page 397: ...icast packets from the IPv6 multicast source are directly forwarded by the node to the receiver instead of by the RP IPv6 administrative scoping overview Division of IPv6 PIM SM domains Typically an IPv6 PIM SM IPv6 BIDIR PIM domain contains only one BSR which is responsible for advertising RP set information within the entire IPv6 PIM SM IPv6 BIDIR PIM domain The information for all multicast gro...

Page 398: ...h IPv6 admin scoped zone Each IPv6 admin scoped zone has its own boundary The multicast information cannot cross this border in either direction A better understanding of the IPv6 global scoped zone and IPv6 admin scoped zones should be based on two aspects geographical space and group address range Geographical space IPv6 admin scoped zones are logical zones specific to particular multicast group...

Page 399: ...fic multicast SSM model and the any source multicast ASM model are two opposite models Currently the ASM model includes the IPv6 PIM DM and IPv6 PIM SM modes The SSM model can be implemented by leveraging part of the IPv6 PIM SM technique and it is also called IPv6 PIM SSM In actual application MLDv2 and part of IPv6 PIM SM technique is adopted to implement the SSM model In the SSM model receivers...

Page 400: ...rce S and that sent to the IPv6 multicast group G The DR that has received the report first checks whether the IPv6 group address in this message falls in the IPv6 SSM group range If so the IPv6 PIM SSM model is built the DR sends a channel subscription message hop by hop toward the IPv6 multicast source S An S G entry is created on all routers on the path from the DR to the source Thus an SPT is ...

Page 401: ...56 Embedding the Rendezvous Point RP Address in an IPv6 Multicast Address RFC 4607 Source Specific Multicast for IP RFC 5015 Bidirectional Protocol Independent Multicast BIDIR PIM RFC 5059 Bootstrap Router BSR Mechanism for Protocol Independent Multicast PIM Draft ietf ssm overview 05 An Overview of Source Specific Multicast SSM Configuring IPv6 PIM DM IPv6 PIM DM configuration task list Task Rema...

Page 402: ...ust operate in the same IPv6 PIM mode MLD snooping is not allowed in a VLAN after IPv6 PIM DM is enabled on the virtual interface of the VLAN and vice versa IPv6 PIM DM cannot be used for IPv6 multicast groups in the IPv6 SSM group range To enable IPv6 PIM DM Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enable IPv6 multicast routing multicast ipv6 routing enable Disable by default 3 ...

Page 403: ...all network a state refresh message may cycle in the network To effectively control the propagation scope of state refresh messages you need to configure an appropriate hop limit value based on the network size It is recommended to perform the following configurations on all routers in the IPv6 PIM domain To configure state refresh parameters Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N ...

Page 404: ...bedded RP Configuring C RP timers globally Optional Configuring a BSR Configuring a C BSR Required Configuring an IPv6 PIM domain border Optional Configuring C BSR parameters globally Optional Configuring C BSR timers Optional Disabling BSM semantic fragmentation Optional Configuring IPv6 administrative scoping Optional Configuring IPv6 multicast source registration Optional Configuring SPT switch...

Page 405: ...ended to enable IPv6 PIM SM on all non border interfaces of the routers All the interfaces of the same device must operate in the same IPv6 PIM mode MLD snooping is not allowed in a VLAN after IPv6 PIM SM is enabled on the virtual interface of the VLAN and vice versa To enable IPv6 PIM SM Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enable IPv6 multicast routing multicast ipv6 routin...

Page 406: ...looded throughout the entire network Then the other routers in the network calculate the mappings between specific group ranges and the corresponding RPs based on the RP Set We recommend that you configure C RPs on backbone routers To guard against C RP spoofing you need to configure a legal C RP address range and the range of IPv6 multicast groups to be served on the BSR In addition because every...

Page 407: ...RP Set information within the IPv6 PIM SM domain C RPs must periodically send C RP Adv messages to the BSR The BSR learns the RP Set information from the received messages and encapsulates its own IPv6 address together with the RP Set information in its bootstrap messages The BSR then floods the bootstrap messages to all IPv6 routers in the network Each C RP encapsulates a timeout value in its C R...

Page 408: ...ed hosts can forge bootstrap messages to fool routers and change RP mappings Such attacks often occur on border routers Because a BSR is inside the network whereas hosts are outside the network you can protect a BSR against attacks from external hosts by enabling the border routers to perform neighbor checks and RPF checks on bootstrap messages and discard unwanted messages 2 When a router in the ...

Page 409: ... SM domain a unique BSR is elected from C BSRs The C RPs in the IPv6 PIM SM domain send advertisement messages to the BSR The BSR summarizes the advertisement messages to form an RP set and advertises it to all routers in the IPv6 PIM SM domain All the routers use the same Hash algorithm to get the RP address corresponding to specific IPv6 multicast groups Perform the following configuration on C ...

Page 410: ...ay split the datagram into fragments if the message exceeds the maximum transmission unit MTU In respect of such IP fragmentation loss of a single IP fragment leads to unavailability of the entire message Semantic fragmentation of BSMs can solve this issue When a BSM exceeds the MTU it is split to multiple bootstrap message fragments BSMFs Upon receiving a BSMF that contains the RP set information...

Page 411: ... multicast groups with the Scope field in the group addresses being 14 Enabling IPv6 administrative scoping Before configuring an IPv6 admin scoped zone you must enable IPv6 administrative scoping first Perform the following configuration on all routers in the IPv6 PIM SM domain To enable IPv6 administrative scoping Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter IPv6 PIM view pim...

Page 412: ... BSR for an IPv6 admin scoped zone Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter IPv6 PIM view pim ipv6 N A 3 Configure a C BSR for an IPv6 admin scoped zone c bsr scope scope id admin local global organization local site local hash length hash length priority priority No C BSRs are configured for an IPv6 admin scoped zone by default Configuring IPv6 multicast source registratio...

Page 413: ...emarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter IPv6 PIM view pim ipv6 N A 3 Configure a filtering rule for register messages register policy acl6 number Optional No register filtering rule by default 4 Configure the device to calculate the checksum based on the entire register messages register whole checksum Optional Based on the header of register messages by default 5 Configure the register...

Page 414: ...bling embedded RP Configuring C RP timers globally Optional Configuring a BSR Configuring a C BSR Required Configuring an IPv6 BIDIR PIM domain border Optional Configuring global C BSR parameters Optional Configuring C BSR timers Optional Disabling BSM semantic fragmentation Optional Configuring IPv6 administrative scoping Enabling IPv6 administrative scoping Optional Configuring an IPv6 admin sco...

Page 415: ...IDIR PIM domain enable IPv6 PIM SM on all non border interfaces of the domain On a router all interfaces in the same VPN instance must operate in the same IPv6 PIM mode To enable IPv6 PIM SM Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enable IPv6 multicast routing multicast ipv6 routing enable Disable by default 3 Enter interface view interface interface type interface number N A 4 ...

Page 416: ... 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter IPv6 PIM view pim ipv6 N A 3 Configure a static RP for IPv6 BIDIR PIM static rp ipv6 rp address acl6 number preferred bidir No static RP by default NOTE In IPv6 BIDIR PIM a static RP can be specified with a virtual IPv6 address For example if the IPv6 addresses of the interfaces at the two ends of a link are 1001 1 64 and 1001 2 64 you can specify a vir...

Page 417: ...2 Enter IPv6 PIM view pim ipv6 N A 3 Enable embedded RP embedded rp acl6 number Optional By default embedded RP is enabled for IPv6 multicast groups in the default embedded RP address scopes NOTE The default embedded RP address scopes are FF7x 12 and FFFx 12 where x refers to any legal address scope For more information about the Scope field see Multicast overview Configuring C RP timers globally ...

Page 418: ...address and no longer assumes itself to be the BSR while the winner retains its own BSR address and continues assuming itself to be the BSR Configuring a legal range of BSR addresses enables filtering of bootstrap messages based on the address range thus to prevent a maliciously configured host from masquerading as a BSR The same configuration must be made on all routers in the IPv6 BIDIR PIM doma...

Page 419: ...n border is a bootstrap message boundary Each BSR has its specific service scope A number of IPv6 BIDIR PIM domain border interfaces partition a network into different IPv6 BIDIR PIM domains Bootstrap messages cannot cross a domain border in either direction Perform the following configuration on routers that you want to configure as the IPv6 BIDIR PIM domain border To configure an IPv6 BIDIR PIM ...

Page 420: ...u configure the BS period or the BS timeout timer the system uses the configured one instead of the default one To configure C BSR timers Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter IPv6 PIM view pim ipv6 N A 3 Configure the BS period c bsr interval interval Optional By default the BS period is determined by this formula BS period BS timeout 10 2 The default BS timeout is 130 ...

Page 421: ...3 Disable the BSM semantic fragmentation function undo bsm fragment enable By default the BSM semantic fragmentation function is enabled NOTE Generally a BSR performs BSM semantic fragmentation according to the MTU of its BSR interface However the semantic fragmentation of BSMs originated due to learning of a new PIM neighbor is performed according to the MTU of the outgoing interface Configuring ...

Page 422: ...BSRs C RPs in the network send advertisement messages to the specific BSR The BSR summarizes the advertisement messages to form an RP set and advertises it to all routers in the specific admin scoped zone All the routers use the same Hash algorithm to get the RP address corresponding to the specific multicast group You can configure the Hash mask length and C BSR priority globally and or in an IPv...

Page 423: ...e configuring IPv6 PIM SSM When you deploy an IPv6 PIM SM domain HP recommends you to enable IPv6 PIM SM on all non border interfaces of routers All the interfaces of the same device must operate in the same IPv6 PIM mode To enable IPv6 PIM SSM Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enable IPv6 multicast routing multicast ipv6 routing enable Disable by default 3 Enter interface...

Page 424: ...nfigurations performed in IPv6 PIM view are effective on all interfaces while configurations performed in interface view are effective on the current interface only If the same function or parameter is configured in both IPv6 PIM view and interface view the configuration made in interface view has preference over the configuration made in PIM view regardless of the configuration sequence IPv6 PIM ...

Page 425: ... by IPv6 multicast data based on the configured filtering rules and determine whether to continue forwarding the IPv6 multicast data In other words IPv6 PIM routers can act as IPv6 multicast data filters These filters can help implement traffic control on one hand and control the information available to downstream receivers to enhance data security on the other hand Generally a smaller distance f...

Page 426: ...hould be enabled on all IPv6 PIM routers on a multi access subnet The LAN delay setting causes the upstream routers to delay forwarding received prune messages The override interval sets the length of time a downstream router is allowed to wait before sending a prune override message When a router receives a prune message from a downstream router it does not perform the prune action immediately in...

Page 427: ...l 1 by default 4 Configure IPv6 PIM neighbor timeout time pim ipv6 hello option holdtime interval Optional 105 seconds by default 5 Configure the prune message delay time LAN delay pim ipv6 hello option lan delay interval Optional 500 milliseconds by default 6 Configure the prune override interval pim ipv6 hello option override interval interval Optional 2500 milliseconds by default 7 Disable join...

Page 428: ...router that has lost assert election prunes its downstream interface and maintain the assert state for a period of time When the assert state times out the assert losers resume IPv6 multicast forwarding When a router fails to receive subsequent IPv6 multicast data from the IPv6 multicast source S the router does not immediately delete the corresponding S G entry instead it maintains the S G entry ...

Page 429: ...arger amount of information when a message is lost with a reduced join message size the loss of a single message brings relatively minor impact By controlling the maximum number of S G entries in a join prune message you can effectively reduce the number of S G entries sent per unit of time To configure join prune message sizes Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter IPv6 ...

Page 430: ...ocally configured C RP information in effect display pim ipv6 bsr info begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Display IPv6 unicast routes used by IPv6 PIM display pim ipv6 claimed route ipv6 source address begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Display the number of IPv6 PIM control messages display pim ipv6 control message counters message type prob...

Page 431: ...clude match interface type interface number register mode mode type flags flag value fsm begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Display RP information display pim ipv6 rp info ipv6 group address begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Clear statistics for IPv6 PIM control messages reset pim ipv6 control message counters interface interface type interf...

Page 432: ...01 2 64 Configuration procedure 1 Enable IPv6 forwarding and assign the IP address and prefix length to each interface as per Figure 115 Details not shown 2 Configure the OSPFv3 protocol for interoperation among the routers in the IPv6 PIM DM domain Ensure the network layer interoperation in the IPv6 PIM DM domain and enable dynamic update of routing information among the routers through an IPv6 u...

Page 433: ...st ipv6 routing enable RouterD interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterD GigabitEthernet3 1 1 pim ipv6 dm RouterD GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterD interface Serial 4 1 9 1 0 RouterD Serial4 1 9 1 0 pim ipv6 dm RouterD Serial4 1 9 1 0 quit RouterD interface pos 5 1 1 RouterD Pos5 1 1 pim ipv6 dm RouterD Pos5 1 1 quit RouterD interface pos 5 1 2 RouterD Pos5 1 2 pim ipv6 dm RouterD Pos5 2 2 quit Veri...

Page 434: ...1 24 Upstream interface NULL Upstream neighbor NULL RPF prime neighbor NULL Downstream interface s information Total number of downstreams 1 1 GigabitEthernet3 1 1 Protocol mld UpTime 00 01 20 Expires never 4001 100 FF0E 101 Protocol pim dm Flag ACT UpTime 00 01 20 Upstream interface Serial4 1 9 1 0 Upstream neighbor 1002 2 RPF prime neighbor 1002 2 Downstream interface s information Total number ...

Page 435: ... higher priority the range of multicast groups served by the C RP is FF0E 101 64 modify the hash mask length to map a certain number of consecutive group addresses within the range to the two C RPs MLDv1 runs between Router A and N1 and between Router B Router C and N2 Figure 116 Network diagram Table 28 shows the interface and IPv6 address assignment and network topology scheme Table 28 Interface...

Page 436: ... Router A enable IPv6 PIM SM on each interface and enable MLD on GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 which connects Router A to N1 RouterA system view RouterA multicast ipv6 routing enable RouterA interface GigabitEthernet3 1 1 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 mld enable RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 pim ipv6 sm RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterA interface Serial 4 1 9 1 0 RouterA Serial4 1 9 1 0 pim ipv6 sm ...

Page 437: ...uter A RouterA display pim ipv6 interface Interface NbrCnt HelloInt DR Pri DR Address GE3 1 1 0 30 1 1001 1 local Ser4 1 9 1 0 1 30 1 1002 2 Pos5 5 1 1 30 1 1003 2 Display BSR information and the locally configured C RP information in effect on Router A RouterA display pim ipv6 bsr info Elected BSR Address 1003 2 Priority 20 Hash mask length 128 State Accept Preferred Uptime 00 04 22 Expires 00 01...

Page 438: ...1003 2 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 05 19 Expires 00 02 11 Assume that Host A needs to receive information addressed to an IPv6 multicast group G FF0E 100 The RP for multicast group G is Router E as a result of hash calculation so an RPT will be built between Router A and Router E When the multicast source S 4001 100 64 registers with the RP an SPT will be built between Router D and Router ...

Page 439: ... Expires 00 03 06 Display IPv6 PIM multicast routing table information on Router D RouterD display pim ipv6 routing table Total 0 G entry 1 S G entry 4001 100 FF0E 100 RP 1003 2 Protocol pim sm Flag SPT LOC ACT UpTime 00 14 44 Upstream interface GigabitEthernet3 1 1 Upstream neighbor NULL RPF prime neighbor NULL Downstream interface s information Total number of downstreams 1 1 Pos5 1 1 Protocol m...

Page 440: ...to FF1E 202 Host C is a multicast receiver for this multicast group Serial4 1 9 1 0 of Router B acts as a C BSR and C RP of IPv6 admin scoped zone 1 which serve the IPv6 multicast groups with the Scope field value in their group addresses being 4 Serial4 1 9 1 0 of Router D acts as a C BSR and C RP of admin scoped zone 2 which also serve the IPv6 multicast groups with the Scope field value in thei...

Page 441: ...Assign the IPv6 address and prefix length to each interface as per Figure 117 Details not shown 2 Configure OSPFv3 on the routers in the IPv6 PIM SM domain to ensure network layer reachability among them Details not shown 3 Enable IPv6 multicast routing and IPv6 administrative scoping and enable IPv6 PIM SM and MLD Enable IPv6 multicast routing and IPv6 administrative scoping on Router A enable IP...

Page 442: ...ry of IPv6 admin scoped zone 1 RouterB interface pos 5 1 1 RouterB Pos5 1 1 multicast ipv6 boundary scope 4 RouterB Pos5 1 1 quit RouterB interface pos 5 1 2 RouterB Pos5 1 2 multicast ipv6 boundary scope 4 RouterB Pos5 1 2 quit On Router C configure POS 5 1 1 and POS 5 1 2 as the boundary of IPv6 admin scoped zone 2 RouterC system view RouterC interface pos 5 1 1 RouterC Pos5 1 1 multicast ipv6 b...

Page 443: ...e configuration Display BSR information and the locally configured C RP information on Router B RouterB display pim ipv6 bsr info Elected BSR Address 8001 1 Priority 64 Hash mask length 126 State Accept Preferred Scope 14 Uptime 00 01 45 Expires 00 01 25 Elected BSR Address 1002 2 Priority 64 Hash mask length 126 State Elected Scope 4 Uptime 00 04 54 Next BSR message scheduled at 00 00 06 Candidat...

Page 444: ...ertisement scheduled at 00 00 10 Display BSR information and the locally configured C RP information on Router F RouterF display pim ipv6 bsr info Elected BSR Address 8001 1 Priority 64 Hash mask length 126 State Elected Scope 14 Uptime 00 01 11 Next BSR message scheduled at 00 00 49 Candidate BSR Address 8001 1 Priority 64 Hash mask length 126 State Elected Scope 14 Candidate RP 8001 1 Serial4 1 ...

Page 445: ...me 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FF3E 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FF4E 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FF5E 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FF6E 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 U...

Page 446: ...ity 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FFAE 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FFBE 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FFCE 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FFDE 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 ...

Page 447: ...2 2 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FF14 16 RP 1002 2 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FF24 16 RP 1002 2 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FF34 16 RP 1002 2 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FF44 16 RP 1002 2 Prio...

Page 448: ...h FF74 16 RP 1002 2 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FF84 16 RP 1002 2 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FF94 16 RP 1002 2 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FFA4 16 RP 1002 2 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FFB4 1...

Page 449: ... Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FFF4 16 RP 1002 2 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 View the RP information on Router F RouterF display pim rp info PIM SM BSR RP information prefix prefix length FF0E 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FF1E 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 Ho...

Page 450: ...me 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FF5E 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FF6E 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FF7E 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FF8E 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 U...

Page 451: ...ity 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FFCE 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FFDE 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FFEE 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 HoldTime 130 Uptime 00 03 39 Expires 00 01 51 prefix prefix length FFFE 16 RP 8001 1 Priority 192 ...

Page 452: ...tween Router D and Host B Figure 118 Network diagram Table 30 shows the interface and IPv6 address assignment and network topology scheme Table 30 Interface and IPv6 address assignment Device Interface IPv6 address Router A GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 1001 1 64 Router A Serial 2 1 9 1 0 1002 1 64 Router B GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 2001 1 64 Router B Serial 2 1 9 1 0 1002 2 64 Router B Serial 2 1 9 2 0 2002 ...

Page 453: ... 9 1 0 RouterA Serial2 1 9 1 0 pim ipv6 sm RouterA Serial2 1 9 1 0 quit RouterA pim ipv6 RouterA pim6 bidir pim enable RouterA pim6 quit On Router B enable IPv6 multicast routing enable IPv6 PIM SM on each interface enable MLD on interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 and enable IPv6 BIDIR PIM RouterB system view RouterB multicast ipv6routing enable RouterB interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterB Gigabit...

Page 454: ... 1 2 pim ipv6 sm RouterD GigabitEthernet3 1 2 quit RouterD interface Serial 2 1 9 1 0 RouterD Serial2 1 9 1 0 pim ipv6 sm RouterD Serial2 1 9 1 0 quit RouterD pim ipv6 RouterD pim6 bidir pim enable RouterD pim6 quit 4 On Router C configure Serial 2 1 9 1 0 as a C BSR and loopback interface 0 as a C RP for the entire IPv6 BIDIR PIM domain RouterC pim6 c bsr 2002 2 RouterC pim6 c rp 6001 1 bidir Rou...

Page 455: ...4 FE80 200 5EFF FE71 2802 local Ser2 1 9 2 0 Lose 0 0 01 21 40 FE80 20F E2FF FE15 5602 To view the DF information of the IPv6 multicast forwarding table on a router use the display multicast ipv6 forwarding table df info command Display the DF information of the IPv6 multicast forwarding table on Router A RouterA display multicast ipv6 forwarding table df info Multicast DF information Total 1 RP T...

Page 456: ...rwarding table on Router D RouterD display multicast ipv6 forwarding table df info Multicast DF information Total 1 RP Total 1 RP matched 00001 RP Address 6001 1 MID 0 Flags 0x2100000 0 Uptime 00 05 12 RPF interface Serial2 1 9 1 0 List of 2 DF interfaces 1 GigabitEthernet3 1 1 2 GigabitEthernet3 1 2 Display IPv6 PIM multicast routing table information on Router A RouterA display pim ipv6 routing ...

Page 457: ...t receivers in two stub networks N1 and N2 Router E connects to Router A Router B Router C and Router D The SSM group range is FF3E 64 MLDv2 runs between Router A and N1 and between Router B Router C and N2 Figure 119 Network diagram Table 31 shows the interface and IPv6 address assignment and network topology scheme Table 31 Interface and IPv6 address assignment Device Interface IP address Router...

Page 458: ...SM and MLD Enable IPv6 multicast routing on Router A and enable IPv6 PIM SM on each interface and run MLDv2 on GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 which connects Router A to N1 RouterA system view RouterA multicast ipv6 routing enable RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 mld enable RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 mld version 2 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 pim ipv6 sm RouterA Gigabit...

Page 459: ... routing entries You can use the display pim ipv6 routing table command to view the PIM routing table information on each router For example Display IPv6 PIM multicast routing table information on Router A RouterA display pim ipv6 routing table Total 0 G entry 1 S G entry 4001 100 FF3E 101 Protocol pim ssm Flag UpTime 00 00 11 Upstream interface Serial4 1 9 1 0 Upstream neighbor 1002 2 RPF prime n...

Page 460: ...ommand to verify that a unicast route to the IPv6 multicast source or the RP is available 2 Use the display pim ipv6 interface command to verify the IPv6 PIM information on each interface especially on the RPF interface If IPv6 PIM is not enabled on the interface use the pim ipv6 dm or pim ipv6 sm command to enable IPv6 PIM 3 Use the display pim ipv6 neighbor command to verify that the RPF neighbo...

Page 461: ...ettings Use the multicast ipv6 boundary command to change the IPv6 multicast forwarding boundary settings 3 Use the display current configuration command to verify the IPv6 multicast filter configuration Change the IPv6 ACL rule defined in the source policy command so that the source group address of the IPv6 multicast data can pass ACL filtering RPs cannot join the SPT in IPv6 PIM SM Symptom An R...

Page 462: ...rmation on all routers is exactly the same a specific group is mapped to the same RP and a unicast route is available to the RP Solution 1 Use the display ipv6 routing table command to verify that routes to the RP and the BSR are available on each router and that a route between the RP and the BSR is available Make sure that each C RP has a unicast route to the BSR the BSR has a unicast route to e...

Page 463: ...n across ASs For information about RPF see Configuring multicast routing and forwarding MP BGP is defined in RFC 2858 Multiprotocol Extensions for BGP 4 The application of MP BGP on IPv6 multicast is called IPv6 Multicast BGP IPv6 MBGP IPv6 MBGP configuration task list Task Remarks Configuring basic IPv6 MBGP functions Configuring an IPv6 MBGP peer Required Configuring a preferred value for routes...

Page 464: ...Complete BGP basic configuration Configuring an IPv6 MBGP peer Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enable BGP and enter BGP view bgp as number Not enabled by default 3 Enter IPv6 address family view ipv6 family N A 4 Specify a IPv6 BGP peer and its AS number peer ipv6 address as number as number Not configured by default 5 Enter IPv6 MBGP address family view ipv6 family mult...

Page 465: ...family multicast N A 4 Specify a preferred value for routes received from the IPv6 MBGP peer or the peer group peer ipv6 group name ipv6 address preferred value value Optional The preferred value defaults to 0 Controlling route distribution and reception Configuration prerequisites Before you configure this task complete the following tasks Enable IPv6 Configure the IPv6 MBGP basic functions Injec...

Page 466: ...outing table size on medium and large BGP networks you must configure route summarization on IPv6 MBGP routers BGP supports only manual summarization of IPv6 multicast routes To configure IPv6 MBGP route summarization Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter BGP view bgp as number N A 3 Enter IPv6 MBGP address family view ipv6 family multicast N A 4 Configure manual route s...

Page 467: ...lter routes advertised to a peer or a peer group peer ipv6 group name ipv6 address filter policy acl6 number export Specify an AS path ACL to filter IPv6 MBGP routing information advertised to a peer or a peer group peer ipv6 group name ipv6 address as path acl as path acl number export Specify an IPv6 prefix list to filter routes advertised to a peer or a peer group peer ipv6 group name ipv6 addr...

Page 468: ...roup peer ipv6 group name ipv6 address as path acl as path acl number import Specify an IPv6 prefix list to filter routes from a peer or a peer group peer ipv6 group name ipv6 address ipv6 prefix ipv6 prefix name import Use one of the approaches By default advertised routes are not filtered You can configure a filtering policy as required If you configure several filtering policies they are applie...

Page 469: ...ibutes involve IPv6 MBGP protocol preference Default LOCAL_PREF attribute MED attribute NEXT_HOP attribute AS_PATH attribute Configuration prerequisites Before you configure IPv6 MBGP route attributes complete the following tasks Enable IPv6 Configure the IPv6 MBGP basic functions Configuring IPv6 MBGP route preferences Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter BGP view bgp ...

Page 470: ...fault 6 Enable the comparison of the MED for routes from each AS bestroute compare med Optional Disabled by default 7 Enable the comparison of the MED for routes from confederation peers bestroute med confederation Optional Disabled by default Configuring the NEXT_HOP attribute You can use the peer next hop local command to specify the local router as the next hop of routes sent to an IPv6 multica...

Page 471: ...multicast N A 4 Allow the local AS number to appear in the as path of routes from a peer or a peer group and specify the number of times that the local AS number can appear in the as path of routes from the peer or the peer group peer ipv6 group name ipv6 address allow as loop number Optional Not allowed by default 5 Disable IPv6 MBGP from considering the as_path during best route selection bestro...

Page 472: ...t terminating IPv6 MBGP connections To configure IPv6 MBGP soft reset through route refresh Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter BGP view bgp as number N A 3 Enter IPv6 address family view ipv6 family N A 4 Enable IPv6 BGP route refresh for a peer or a peer group peer ipv6 group name ipv6 address capability advertise route refresh Optional Enabled by default Performing ...

Page 473: ... and its BGP peer can exchange ORF information through specific route refresh messages For the parameters configured on both sides for ORF capability negotiation see Table 32 To enable the IPv6 MBGP ORF capability Step Command Remarks 1 Enter system view system view N A 2 Enter BGP view bgp as number N A 3 Enter IPv6 address family view ipv6 family N A 4 Enable BGP route refresh for a peer or a pe...

Page 474: ...he maximum number of ECMP routes for load balancing balance ebgp ibgp number By default load balancing is disabled Configuring a large scale IPv6 MBGP network Configuration prerequisites Before you configure the following tasks you must configure IPv6 MBGP basic functions Configuring an IPv6 MBGP peer group For easy management and configuration you can organize some IPv6 MBGP peers that have the s...

Page 475: ...ITY attribute and apply the policy to outgoing routes You can reference a routing policy to modify the COMMUNITY attribute for routes sent to a peer In addition you can define extended community attributes as required For more information about routing policy configuration see Layer 3 IP Routing Configuration Guide To advertise the COMMUNITY attribute to an IPv6 MBGP peer or a peer group Step Comm...

Page 476: ... or a peer group as its client peer ipv6 group name ipv6 address reflect client Not configured by default 5 Enable route reflection between clients reflect between clients Optional Enabled by default 6 Configure the cluster ID of the route reflector reflector cluster id cluster id Optional By default a route reflector uses its router ID as the cluster ID Displaying and maintaining IPv6 MBGP Displa...

Page 477: ...st routing table dampening parameter begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Display IPv6 MBGP routing information originated from different ASs display bgp ipv6 multicast routing table different origin as begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Display IPv6 MBGP routing flap statistics display bgp ipv6 multicast routing table flap info regular express...

Page 478: ...utes reset bgp ipv6 multicast dampening ipv6 address prefix length Available in user view Clear IPv6 MBGP route flap statistics reset bgp ipv6 multicast flap info ipv6 address prefix length regexp as path regexp as path acl as path acl number Available in user view IPv6 MBGP configuration example Network requirements As shown in Figure 120 IPv6 PIM SM 1 is in AS 100 and IPv6 PIM SM 2 is in AS 200 ...

Page 479: ...6 PIM SM and MLD and configure an IPv6 PIM SM domain border Enable IPv6 multicast routing on Router A and enable PIM SM on each interface RouterA system view RouterA multicast ipv6 routing enable RouterA interface GigabitEthernet 3 1 1 RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 pim ipv6 sm RouterA GigabitEthernet3 1 1 quit RouterA interface POS 5 1 1 RouterA Pos5 1 1 pim ipv6 sm RouterA Pos5 1 1 quit Configure ...

Page 480: ...nd Router D in the same way Details not shown 5 Configure BGP and specify the IPv6 MBGP peer On Router A configure the IPv6 MBGP peer RouterA bgp 100 RouterA bgp router id 1 1 1 1 RouterA bgp ipv6 family RouterA bgp af ipv6 peer 1001 2 as number 200 RouterA bgp af ipv6 import route direct RouterA bgp af ipv6 quit RouterA bgp ipv6 family multicast RouterA bgp af ipv6 mul peer 1001 2 enable RouterA ...

Page 481: ...peers on each router For example Display IPv6 MBGP peers on Router B RouterB display bgp ipv6 multicast peer BGP local router ID 2 2 2 2 Local AS number 200 Total number of peers 3 Peers in established state 3 Peer AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ PrefRcv Up Down State 1001 1 100 56 56 0 0 00 40 54 Established ...

Page 482: ...ing you will receive email notification of product enhancements new driver versions firmware updates and other product resources Related information Documents To find related documents browse to the Manuals page of the HP Business Support Center website http www hp com support manuals For related documentation navigate to the Networking section and select a networking category For a complete list ...

Page 483: ...eparated by vertical bars from which you select one choice multiple choices or none 1 n The argument or keyword and argument combination before the ampersand sign can be entered 1 to n times A line that starts with a pound sign is comments GUI conventions Convention Description Boldface Window names button names field names and menu items are in bold text For example the New User window appears cl...

Page 484: ...ting capable device such as a router or Layer 3 switch Represents a generic switch such as a Layer 2 or Layer 3 switch or a router that supports Layer 2 forwarding and other Layer 2 features Port numbering in examples The port numbers in this document are for illustration only and might be unavailable on your device ...

Page 485: ... Configuring IPv6 PIM SSM 41 1 Configuring MBGP basic functions 221 Configuring MBGP route attributes 227 Configuring MD VPN 254 Configuring MLD proxying 362 Configuring MLD snooping basic functions 293 Configuring MLD snooping port functions 294 Configuring MLD snooping proxying 300 Configuring MLD snooping querier 298 Configuring MLD SSM mapping 361 Configuring MSDP basic functions 193 Configuri...

Page 486: ...on task list 292 MSDP configuration examples 201 MSDP configuration task list 192 Multicast architecture 5 Multicast forwarding over a GRE tunnel configuration example 341 Multicast models 5 Multicast packet forwarding mechanism 1 1 Multicast support for VPNs 12 Multicast VLAN configuration example 57 Multicast VLAN configuration task list 55 Multicast VPN configuration example 259 Multicast VPN c...

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