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Giga-tronics 2500B Series Microwave Signal Generators

Modulation Operation

Operation Manual, Part Number 34737, Rev C, June 30, 2011

Page 45

Table 21: FM Menus

FM Menus

Submenu

Parameter

Figure 21: FM External Menu

FM Ext Menu

(see Figure 21)

The FM External menu allows you to view and modify settings for external
frequency modulation mode, which is used when the modulating signal is provided
externally. In external FM mode, the RF output signal is modulated by the signal that
is applied to the rear panel FM/

φ

M IN connector.

Items in this submenu that can be modified are:

FM

Enables or disables frequency modulation. The active menu, (the menu currently

displayed), determines the FM mode that is used. Pressing the adjacent soft key or
the Step Up or Step Down buttons toggles the FM state.

Sensitivity

Determines how much the RF output deviates in frequency per Volt of

signal at the rear panel FM/

φ

M IN connector.

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Summary of Contents for 2508B

Page 1: ...Giga tronics 2500B Series Microwave Signal Generators Operation Manual Part Number 34737 Rev C June 30 2011 Operation Manual 2500B Series Microwave Signal Generators ...

Page 2: ...ghts reserved Printed in the U S A Warranty Giga tronics 2500B Series instruments are warranted against defective materials and workmanship for one year from date of shipment Giga tronics will at its option repair or replace products that are proven defective during the warranty period This warranty DOES NOT cover damage resulting from improper use nor workmanship other than Giga tronics service T...

Page 3: ...d by 93 68 EEC Electrical Safety EN61010 1 1993 EMC Emissions and Immunity EN61326 1 1997 Manufacturer s Name Manufacturer s Address Giga tronics Incorporated 4650 Norris Canyon Road San Ramon California 94583 U S A Type of Equipment Model Series Number Microwave Signal Generator 2500B Series Model Numbers 2502B 2508B 2520B 2526B 2540B 2550B Declaration of Conformity on file Contact Giga tronics a...

Page 4: ...t record of changes to this document Replacement pages are issued as a TPCI Technical Publication Change Instruction and must be inserted at the front of the manual s binder Remove the corresponding old pages insert the new pages and record the changes here Do the same thing with TPCI pages that are issued after you have received this manual TPCI Number TPCI Issue Date Date Entered Comments ...

Page 5: ...1 Cooling Considerations 6 2 5 2 AC Power Requirements 6 2 5 3 Start up the 2500B 7 2 5 4 Reset the 2500B to Factory Default Values 8 2 5 5 Replace the AC Line Fuse 9 2 6 Shipping Repair and Calibration 10 2 6 1 Shipping the 2500B 10 2 6 2 Repairs 10 2 6 3 Calibration 10 2 7 2500B Front Panel 11 2 7 1 Menus 14 2 7 2 Menu Structure 16 2 7 3 Access the Menus 17 2 7 4 Softkeys 17 2 7 5 Modify Menu Pa...

Page 6: ...ion 82 CHAPTER 9 PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION 86 9 1 Specifications 86 9 2 Performance Verification Procedures 100 9 2 1 List of Performance Verification Procedures 100 9 2 2 Datasheets 101 9 2 3 Test Equipment 101 9 2 4 Frequency Range Resolution and Accuracy 102 9 2 5 Spectral Purity 103 9 2 6 Maximum Leveled Power 106 9 2 7 Level Accuracy 108 9 2 8 Step Attenuator Level Accuracy 110 9 2 9 Amplitude...

Page 7: ...ternally Modulated AM Signal 40 Table 20 Generate an Externally Modulated AM Signal 42 Table 21 FM Menus 45 Table 22 Generate an Internally Modulated FM Signal 50 Table 23 Generate an Externally Modulated FM Signal 52 Table 24 Generate an Externally Phase Modulated Signal 54 Table 25 PM Menus 57 Table 26 Generate an Externally Pulse Modulated Signal 66 Table 27 Use Cable Correction 69 Table 28 Ext...

Page 8: ...Table 63 Spectral Purity 104 Table 64 Datasheet 2 Spectral Purity 105 Table 65 Maximum Leveled Power 106 Table 66 Datasheet 3 Maximum Leveled Power 107 Table 67 Level Accuracy 108 Table 68 Datasheet 4 Level Accuracy 109 Table 69 Step Attenuator Level Accuracy 111 Table 70 Datasheet 5 Step Attenuator Level Accuracy Test 112 Table 71 Amplitude Modulation Accuracy 114 Table 72 Datasheet 6 Amplitude M...

Page 9: ...rnal Menu 37 Figure 18 AM Internal Waveform 38 Figure 19 AM Internal Noise Menu 39 Figure 20 FM Main Menu and Submenus 44 Figure 21 FM External Menu 45 Figure 22 DC FM Menu 46 Figure 23 FM Internal Menu 47 Figure 24 ΦM External Menu 48 Figure 25 ΦM Internal Menu 49 Figure 26 PM Main Menu and Submenus 56 Figure 27 PM External Menu 57 Figure 28 PM Internal Continuous Menu 58 Figure 29 PM Internal Ga...

Page 10: ...tion and Accuracy 102 Figure 49 Spectral Purity Test Setup 104 Figure 50 Power Specifications Test Setup 106 Figure 51 Step Attenuator Level Accuracy Test Setup 110 Figure 52 Amplitude Modulation Accuracy and Bandwidth Test Setup 113 Figure 53 Frequency Modulation Accuracy and Deviation Bandwidth Test Setup 118 Figure 54 Pulse Modulation Rise and Fall Time Test 123 Figure 55 Pulse Modulation Level...

Page 11: ...l sound smell smoke or sparking light If any of the above conditions occurs contact Giga tronics to get the instrument repaired Continuing to operate the instrument with any of the above conditions could cause death or serious damage to the instrument and any equipment connected to it 1 2 Safety and Manual Conventions This manual contains conventions regarding safety and equipment usage as describ...

Page 12: ...cts a menu item which makes the menu item modifiable or opens a submenu The menu items next to the softkeys are different for different menus thus changing the function of the softkeys In this manual softkeys are shown as followed by the name of the softkey For example Frequency for setting the instrument frequency Menu Buttons are shown as For example the System Menu button is Other front panel b...

Page 13: ...ts Among the characteristics that make the 2500B series an excellent choice for a wide variety of applications are Frequency range from 100 kHz to 50 GHz depending on model in series Low phase noise High output power Option 20 Fast switching of both frequency and power Option 29 Fast switching in both list mode and under remote control Full suite of analog modulation All 2500B signal generators co...

Page 14: ...of the label For more information about options refer to page 130 Model Frequency Range 2502B 100 kHz to 2 5 GHz 2508B 2 GHz to 8 GHz 2520B 2 GHz to 20 GHz 2526B 2 GHz to 26 5 GHz 2540B 2 GHz to 40 GHz 2550B 2 GHz to 50 GHz NOTE The models shown above whose frequency ranges start at 2 GHz can be ordered with Option 18 which extends the frequency range down to 100 kHz 2 3 1 Special Configurations W...

Page 15: ...report the damage If there is NO EVIDENCE of damage continue to the next step 2 Open the shipping container and inspect the contents for evidence of damage The contents should include any external loose options and accessories and the following Operation Manual USB 2 0 Type A Male to Type B Male cable NOTE This cable can be used to connect a computer to the 2500B for remote control and firmware up...

Page 16: ...quirements and internal fuse specifications for the 2500B AC Line Cord All 2500B microwave signal generators are supplied with a 6 foot three wire power cord with three terminal polarized plug with a safety ground If a different power cord is used it must not exceed 3 meters 9 feet in order to meet safety requirements Table 3 2500B AC Power and Fuse Specifications 2500B AC Power and Fuse Specifica...

Page 17: ... 3 on page 6 for electrical power specifications 3 Press the power switch on the front panel of the 2500B The 2500B displays the following sequence of screens Initializing momentarily appears on the display The screen shown in Figure 1 appears The following information is displayed on the start up screen The firmware version The serial number of the 2500B The Build Date BD or the firmware version ...

Page 18: ...e factory perform the procedure below Table 5 Reset the 2500B to Default Values Reset the 2500B to Default Values Step Action 1 Press the power switch on the front of the 2500B to de energize the instrument Wait 5 seconds then go to the next step 2 Push the power switch in to energize the unit While the message INITIALIZING is displayed press and hold the Preset button 3 When the Resetting Memory ...

Page 19: ... the rear of the 2500B disconnect the AC line cord The fuse compartment is located to the left of the AC line cord socket 3 Remove the fuse as follows see Figure 2 A Use a small flat blade screwdriver to pry open the fuse compartment B Pull out the white fuse holder C You can now remove the fuse from the fuse holder Figure 2 2500B Fuse Holder 4 Replace the fuse with a new fuse 3 A Slow Blow 250V T...

Page 20: ...of trouble free service However if you experience problems with the instrument do the following 1 Contact your local Giga tronics sales office or the factory and be prepared to provide the model serial number and any included options of your instrument and a description of the problem To contact the factory directly use the following information Table 7 Contacting Giga tronics Customer Service Con...

Page 21: ...11 2 7 2500B Front Panel Figure 3 below describes the main features of the front panel of the 2500B Refer to the tables on the following pages for detailed descriptions of the parts of the front panel NOTE A 2520B is shown in Figure 3 The 2520B front panel is representative of the entire 2500B series Figure 3 2520B Front Panel ...

Page 22: ...initializes NVRAM which includes presetting instrument settings to factory default values as well as initializing all ten system memory locations the display contrast and the GPIB address Display Displays current instrument settings and menus for modifying the settings The active display is the group of instrument settings and associated menu items that are currently displayed Softkeys Selects the...

Page 23: ... On some options the RF output is on the rear panel Refer to page 130 for information about all options Menu buttons CW Button Press this button to display the CW Menu Shows parameters related to the CW functions and the Cable Correction functions and their associated menu items RAMP Button Press this button to display either the Ramp Frequency or Ramp Power Menus SYSTEM Button Press this button t...

Page 24: ...ive menu Parameters Displays the current values of the instrument settings associated with the active menu Parameters can be modified by the rotary knob or Step Up Down buttons Step Size Messages The step size is the minimum increment by which a parameter can be modified The step size can be adjusted Non error user messages can also appear in this area Menu Area Displays one of the following Subme...

Page 25: ...0 dB GHz is set in the CW menu AM appears if internal or external amplitude modulation is enabled FM appears if internal or external frequency modulation is enabled ΦM appears if internal or external phase modulation is enabled PM appears if internal or external pulse modulation is enabled EXT LEVEL appears if ALC is set to external UNLK appears if the Phase Lock Loop is unlocked OVEN COLD appears...

Page 26: ...W CW MENU Page 22 FM Ext Menu Page 45 DC FM Menu Page 46 FM Int Menu Page 47 ΦM Ext Menu Page 48 ΦM Int Menu Page 49 FM PM PM Int Cont Menu Page 58 PM Int Gated Menu Page 59 PM Trig Menu Page 61 PM Burst Menu Page 63 PM Ext Menu Page 57 Language Menu 1 Page 83 Language Menu 2 Page 84 Language Menu 3 Page 85 LOCAL RAMP Intensity Marker Menu Page 32 Ramp Freq Start Stop Sweep Menu Page 28 Ramp Freq ...

Page 27: ...rameter shown to the left of the softkey in the display Pressing a softkey next to a submenu displays the submenu and makes its parameters available for viewing and modification Pressing a softkey next to a parameter makes it active for modification 2 7 5 Modify Menu Parameters Parameters in the Menu Area of the display see Figure 4 on page 14 can be modified using either the rotary knob Step Up D...

Page 28: ...of a Parameter Step Action 1 Use a softkey to select a parameter For example in the CW menu select Frequency 2 Press the Step Size button see Figure 3 on page 11 3 Enter a new step size using the numeric keypad 4 Press the appropriate Units button see Figure 3 on page 11 5 Press the Step Size button to save the new step size Now when you change the CW frequency using the Step Up Step Down buttons ...

Page 29: ...uction Operation Manual Part Number 34737 Rev C June 30 2011 Page 19 2 8 2500B Rear Panel Figure 6 below shows the locations of the components on the 2500B rear panel Descriptions of the rear panel components are on the following pages Figure 6 2500B Rear Panel ...

Page 30: ...k input produces maximum deviation Maximum input is 1 V p p An externally supplied DC signal can be applied to this input to modulate the frequency of the CW output AM IN A 600 Ω input for an external AM signal The input signal can be any waveform compatible with bandwidth considerations Maximum input is 1 V p p PULSE IN PM TRIG IN A Pulse Modulation Input for external Pulse In The input parameter...

Page 31: ...l into 50 Ω EXT REF IN The external reference input Can be either a 10 MHz input that is 5 0 dBm into 50 Ω or a 100 MHz input 5 dBm The 100 MHz input level should not exceed 8 dBm for best performance NOTE If the external frequency reference has excessive noise or drift this will degrade the performance of the 2500B GPIB A 24 pin IEEE STD 488 2 connector for control of the instrument during remote...

Page 32: ...peration Manual Part Number 34737 Rev C June 30 2011 Chapter 3 CW Operation This section describes the CW Menu of the 2500B and includes an example procedure for generating a CW signal The CW specifications of the 2500B start on page 86 3 1 CW Menu Description Figure 7 CW Menu ...

Page 33: ... the upper right hand corner of the display when any power offset value greater than 0 00 dB is entered Power Slope The power slope feature increases the instrument s output power linearly as a function of the output frequency The power slope function allows you to automatically compensate for insertion conversion losses of components attached to the instrument s RF output that exhibit a linear lo...

Page 34: ... to fit your needs Use this setup where a single un modulated frequency is needed and where losses and frequency response are not significant in the cables and fixtures connecting to the DUT This procedure describes how to set up the 2500B to generate a continuous wave CW signal at a specified output power level This procedure is also used to configure the carrier signal when modulation is used Ta...

Page 35: ...level of attenuation 5 Return to the main CW menu if necessary by pressing 6 Select Power and enter 1 00 dBm 1 On the numeric keypad see Figure 3 on page 11 enter 1 00 2 Press the GHz nSec dBm units button NOTE You can also change the value by using the keys or NEXT STEP The insertion conversion loss compensation features of the 2500B includes the Power Offset feature which is used to compensate f...

Page 36: ... right corner of the display 10 To adjust the phase of the output select Phase Adjust and enter the desired phase shift using the numeric keypad keys or 11 If the RF ON indicator is not lit press the RF ON button to enable the RF output 12 Verify that the Unleveled indicator is not lit 13 If the Unleveled indicator is lit then the combination of output power level power offset power slope and step...

Page 37: ...nu Description The Ramp Menu provides a powerful flexible suite of functions to meet the most demanding test requirements The figure below shows the Ramp Main Menu Ramps can be set up for frequency or power When a ramp is created one parameter is swept either frequency or power and the other parameter is held constant For example if a frequency ramp is created the power is held constant over the r...

Page 38: ...he ending frequency of the frequency sweep The stop frequency must be greater than the start frequency If it is set lower than the start frequency the start frequency is automatically set to the same value Power The output power level during the frequency sweep The range of the power level depends on the next two menu items and other settings of the instrument The power level is held constant duri...

Page 39: ...equency sweep Resolution This is the number of frequency steps in the frequency sweep The resolution can be set to 401 801 or 1601 or Analog sweep Analog Sweep provides a number of smooth frequency segments across a frequency range as opposed to the Digital Sweep feature which is made up of individual frequency points from 401 801 1601 discrete frequency points A single Analog Sweep is comprised o...

Page 40: ...ING SWEEP DATA When the calculations are complete and the output is actively sweeping the following message is shown RAMP SWEEPING Start Power This is the beginning power level of the power level sweep The range for the start power parameter is 20 dBm to 25 dBm if the step attenuator option is not installed in the instrument If the step attenuator option is installed the start power range is from ...

Page 41: ...t frequency The ramp is recalculated whenever a parameter is changed During calculations the following message is shown at the bottom of the display PREPARING SWEEPING DATA When the calculations are complete and the output is actively sweeping the following message is shown RAMP SWEEPING Start Frequency This is the starting frequency of the frequency sweep The start frequency must be less than the...

Page 42: ...ed to the instrument s Intensity Markers used in conjunction with the frequency sweep Five intensity markers can be set Intensity Markers These five items allow you to set the frequency of the intensity markers using the numeric key pad The marker is activated and deactivated by pressing the marker soft key Markers All On Off This menu item allows you to toggle the states of all 5 markers in the I...

Page 43: ...strument s Amplitude Markers used in conjunction with the frequency sweep Five amplitude markers can be set AmplMrkr1 through AmplMrkr2 These 5 items allow you to set the frequency of the amplitude markers using the numeric key pad The marker is activated and deactivated by pressing the adjacent amplitude marker soft key Markers All On Off This menu item allows you to toggle the states of all mark...

Page 44: ...ess to display the Sweep Main menu 2 Press RAMP FREQ Start Stop Sweep menu 3 Select Start Frequency and enter 1 00 GHz using the numeric keypad and Units buttons or 4 Select Stop Frequency and enter 2 00 GHz using the numeric keypad and Units buttons or NOTE The ramp stop frequency must be set equal to or greater than the ramp start frequency 5 Select Power and enter the 1 00 dBm using the numeric...

Page 45: ...u 3 Select Start Power and enter 0 00 dBm using the numeric keypad and Units buttons or 4 If the step attenuator option IS INSTALLED in the unit Go to Step 5 If the step attenuator option IS NOT installed in the unit Go to Step 6 5 Attenuation in the RAMP POWER menu and use to select the desired Select step attenuator level NOTE The step attenuator cannot be set to auto switch while in power sweep...

Page 46: ...ures for setting up modulated test signals NOTE This section only applies to instruments with Option 17A or Option 17B installed Option 17A add internal and external modulation Option 17B add external modulation 5 1 AM Menu Description Press the AM Menu button to display the AM Main Menu From here you can go to one of three submenus See Figure 16 below The following pages describe the AM menus and...

Page 47: ...n be modified are AM Enables or disables amplitude modulation The active menu that is the menu that is currently being displayed determines the AM mode that is used Pressing either the adjacent soft key or the Step Up or Step Down buttons toggle the AM state The AM indicator is displayed in the upper right hand corner of the display when amplitude modulation is turned on Sensitivity Determines the...

Page 48: ...Enables or disables amplitude modulation The active menu the menu that is currently being displayed determines the AM mode that is used Pressing the adjacent softkey or the Step Up or Step Down buttons toggle the AM state Depth The amount of modulation of the carrier amplitude expressed as a percentage The maximum depth adjustment available is 95 Rate The frequency rate of the internal modulating ...

Page 49: ...amplitude modulation mode in which the modulating signal is an internally generated Gaussian noise source the signal at the AM IN connector is not used AM Enables or disables amplitude modulation The active menu the menu currently displayed determines the AM mode that is used Pressing the adjacent softkey or the Step Up or Step Down buttons toggles the AM state Depth This menu item allows you to v...

Page 50: ... indicator on the front of the 2500B see Figure 3 on page 11 If the indicator is lit press the button to de energize the RF output 2 Connect the RF output on the 2500B as needed 3 Press the menu button see Figure 3 on page 11 4 In the CW menu select 1 00 GHz for the frequency of the AM signal 1 Press Frequency 2 On the numeric keypad on the front panel of the 2500B enter 1 3 Press the GHz Units bu...

Page 51: ...f the 2500B End of Procedure 5 3 Generate an Externally Modulated AM Signal The procedure below describes how to generate an AM signal using an external modulation source The AM signal is set up to have the following characteristics Carrier frequency 1 00 GHz Carrier power 1 00 dBm Depth of AM modulation 50 V Rate of AM modulation 50 kHz Modulating waveform sine wave NOTE The example procedure in ...

Page 52: ...keypad on the front panel of the 2500B enter 1 3 Press the GHz Units button next to the numeric keypad to enter the new frequency NOTE You can also use the keys and to change the frequency 7 In the CW menu select 1 dBm for the power level of the AM signal 1 Press Power 2 On the numeric keypad on the front panel of the 2500B enter 1 3 Press the GHz nSec dBm Units button next to the numeric keypad t...

Page 53: ... Modulation Operation Operation Manual Part Number 34737 Rev C June 30 2011 Page 43 Generate an Externally Modulated AM Signal Step Action 14 Energize the output of the external AM modulation source 15 Energize the RF output of the 2500B End of Procedure ...

Page 54: ... Menu Description Pressing the FM menu button displays the FM Main Menu From here you can choose from among five submenus for modifying parameters for frequency and phase modulation See Figure 20 The following pages describe the FM menu and submenus in detail NOTE The FM Menu includes phase modulation modes Figure 20 FM Main Menu and Submenus ...

Page 55: ...en the modulating signal is provided externally In external FM mode the RF output signal is modulated by the signal that is applied to the rear panel FM φM IN connector Items in this submenu that can be modified are FM Enables or disables frequency modulation The active menu the menu currently displayed determines the FM mode that is used Pressing the adjacent soft key or the Step Up or Step Down ...

Page 56: ... including models with option 17A Frequency range for DC FM operation is 500 MHz to the maximum frequency of the instrument with a fixed maximum deviation of 125 kHz DC FM operation is available for frequencies above 500 MHz however maximum deviation is limited to the frequency band maximum deviation of the output frequency There is one settable item in this submenu DC FM Enables or disables DC fr...

Page 57: ...FM φM IN connector is not used Settable menu items are FM Switches FM Internal on and off FM Internal is an internally driven modulation FM Internal can only be activated or deactivated using the step up step down buttons Deviation Determines how much in Hertz the RF output deviates in frequency when modulated by the internal source Rate The rate frequency of the internal modulating signal Wavefor...

Page 58: ...y In external ΦM mode the RF output signal is modulated by a signal that is applied to the rear panel FM φM IN connector Items in this submenu that can be modified are ΦM Enables or disables modulation The active menu the menu that is currently displayed determines the ΦM mode that is used Pressing either the adjacent softkey or the Step Up or Step Down buttons toggle the ΦM state Sensitivity Use ...

Page 59: ...e FM φM IN connector is not used Items in this submenu that can be modified are ΦM This menu item enables or disables internally generated phase modulation ΦM Internal can only be activated or deactivated using the Step Up Step Down buttons Deviation Determines how much the RF output deviates in phase when modulated by the internal source Rate The frequency of the internal modulating signal Wavefo...

Page 60: ...energized by checking the RF on off indicator on the front of the 2500B see Figure 3 on page 11 If the indicator is lit press the button to de energize the RF output 2 Connect the RF output on the 2500B as needed 3 Press the menu button 4 In the CW menu select 1 00 GHz for the frequency of the FM signal 4 Press Frequency 5 On the numeric keypad on the front panel of the 2500B enter 1 6 Press the G...

Page 61: ...meric keypad to enter the new frequency NOTE You can also use the keys and to change the frequency 11 Press Rate 12 Set the FM rate frequency of the modulating signal 50 00 kHz 1 On the numeric keypad on the front panel of the 2500B enter 50 2 Press the kHz Units button next to the numeric keypad to enter the new frequency NOTE You can also use the keys and to change the frequency 13 Repeatedly pr...

Page 62: ...Externally Modulated FM Signal Generate an Externally Modulated FM Signal Step Action 1 Verify that the RF output is NOT energized by checking the RF on off indicator on the front of the 2500B see Figure 3 on page 11 If the indicator is lit press the button to de energize the RF output 2 Connect the RF output on the 2500B as needed 3 On the rear of the 2500B locate the FM ΦM IN connector see Figur...

Page 63: ...ge 45 10 Press FM to switch FM on 11 Press Sensitivity Set the Sensitivity to 1 00 kHz per Volt as follows 1 On the numeric keypad on the front panel of the 2500B enter 1 2 Press the kHz Units button next to the numeric keypad to enter the new power level NOTE You can also use the keys and to change the power level 12 Setup the external FM modulation source as follows Frequency 50 kHz Amplitude 1 ...

Page 64: ... 1 Verify that the RF output is NOT energized by checking the RF on off indicator on the front of the 2500B see Figure 3 on page 11 If the indicator is lit press the button to de energize the RF output 2 Connect the RF output on the 2500B as needed 3 On the rear of the 2500B locate the FM ΦM IN connector see Figure 6 on page 19 4 Connect the external ΦM modulation source to the FM ΦM IN connector ...

Page 65: ...n 17 Press Sensitivity Set the Sensitivity to 1 radian per Volt as follows 3 On the numeric keypad on the front panel of the 2500B enter 1 4 Press the Hz Units button next to the numeric keypad to enter the new phase deviation level NOTE You can also use the keys and to change the phase deviation 18 Setup the external ΦM modulation source as follows Amplitude 1 V peak or 2 V peak to peak Frequency...

Page 66: ... PM menu button provides access to the internal and external pulse modulation features of the instrument Figure 26 illustrates the PM Main menu and five submenus The following pages describe the PM submenus in detail Figure 26 PM Main Menu and Submenus Pressing the bottom right softkey toggles the PM leveling Menu between two states Always on Off for pulse widths 1µs causes 1 ms cal pulse ...

Page 67: ...gnal that is applied to the rear panel PULSE IN PM TRIG IN connector When the instrument does not include the internal modulation generator this is the only PM mode that is available Items in this submenu that can be modified are PM Turns pulse modulation on and off Press the adjacent soft key or the Step Up or Step Down buttons toggle the PM state The PM indicator is displayed in the upper right ...

Page 68: ...n between similar edges of the modulating signal and thus the RF output s pulse repetition interval The frequency of the pulses is the reciprocal of the PRI frequency 1 PRI NOTE This parameter setting is used for the internal continuous and internal gated pulse modulation modes it is not set and stored separately for those modes Width The width of the internal pulse modulating signal Sets the dura...

Page 69: ...he pulse repetition interval PRI of the instrument s internal pulse modulating signal The PRI parameter sets the duration between similar edges of the modulating signal and thus the pulse repetition interval frequency of the pulsed RF output NOTE This parameter setting is used for the internal continuous and internal gated pulse modulation modes it is not set and stored separately for these modes ...

Page 70: ...he pulse video and the leading edge of the sync pulse at the PM SYNC OUT connector NOTE The same sync out delay parameter setting gets used for all three internal pulse modulation modes continuous triggered and gated it is not set and stored separately for each of these modes Trigger In Determines the polarity of the TTL level at the PULSE IN PM TRIG IN connector that is the active gating conditio...

Page 71: ...y the amount of delay set with the RF Pulse Delay setting in this menu Settable items in this submenu are PM This menu item turns pulse modulation on and off Pressing either the adjacent softkey or the Step Up or Step Down buttons toggle the PM state The PM indicator is displayed in the upper right hand corner of the display when pulse modulation is turned on RF Pulse Delay Determines the amount o...

Page 72: ... modulation modes continuous triggered and gated it is not set and stored separately for each of these modes Sync Out Delay Determines the amount of delay that occurs between the leading edge of the video pulse at the PULSE OUT connector and the leading edge of the sync pulse at the PM SYNC OUT connector Trigger Polarity Allows you to view and choose the edge of the TTL pulsed input signal applied...

Page 73: ...duration between similar edges of the modulating signal and thus the pulse repetition interval of the individual pulses within the pulse burst RF output Range is 200 ns to 1 s Each pulse in the pulse burst will have the same PRI Note that the PRI must be equal or greater than the pulse width plus 20 ns Width The width of each pulse in a burst Range is 10 ns to 10 ms Each pulse in the pulse burst w...

Page 74: ...n has two parameters o Trigger Polarity Can select a rising edge or falling edge as the trigger using the softkey or Step Up Step Down keys o RF Pulse Delay Use the rotary knob Step Up Step Down keys or the numeric keypad to adjust the amount of delay before the start of the pulse burst Limits 100 0 ns to 1 s Gated This selection has a single parameter o Trigger In Can be set to Active High or Act...

Page 75: ...tive high NOTE The example procedure in this section uses specific parameters to illustrate how to setup the 2500B You can use this procedure for real life situations by simply changing the parameters to fit your needs Figure 33 Pulse Modulation Using an External Modulation Source In this procedure a PM signal is generated with the following characteristics Carrier frequency 2 00 GHz Carrier power...

Page 76: ...th an Active High setting a TTL high level at the PULSE IN PM TRIG IN connector turns on the carrier at the RF output With an Active Low setting a TTL high level at the PULSE IN PM TRIG IN connector turns off the carrier at the RF output 6 If you want to delay the signal at the PM SYNC OUT connector on the rear of the 2500B Select Sync Out Delay and enter the desired sync pulse delay setting using...

Page 77: ...d based on a power measurement procedure performed prior to normal testing If the normal test setup is changed the power measurement procedure must be performed again in order to re create the cable correction table See page 68 External ALC Uses a constant feedback loop to measure the power level externally typically at the DUT External ALC operation allows automatic adjustment of the RF power out...

Page 78: ...frequency range of the unit The power output for frequencies between the correction points is determined using a linear interpolation algorithm for the first frequency points above and below the selected frequency NOTE The example procedure in this section uses specific parameters to illustrate how to setup the 2500B You can use this procedure for real life situations by simply changing the parame...

Page 79: ...eter Setup 2 Config 2 On the front of the 8650A B series Power Meter press the right arrow key to select RS 232 see Figure 34 Figure 34 8650A B Universal Power Meter Front Panel Controls 3 Select Config 4 On the 8650A B series Power Meter set the RS 232 parameters as shown below Use the Up Down Arrow keys to change the values of the parameters see Figure 34 Baud Rate 38400 Data Bits 8 Parity None ...

Page 80: ...characterized Connect the sensor to be as close as possible to the point where you need the most control over the power level 10 On the front of the 2500B press 11 Select Cable Cal Menu 12 Select Device Name and select the Giga tronics 8650A B series Power Meter using or 13 Select Interface 14 Press Cable Cal to begin the swept frequency characterization 15 After the frequency sweep is completed a...

Page 81: ...uations by simply changing the parameters to fit your needs This section describes two methods for using External ALC Use External ALC with a crystal diode detector see Table 28 on page 72 Use External ALC with a Power meter see Table 29 on page 73 Figure 36 Setup for External ALC Note the following about using external ALC ALC can be used in CW Ramp and Pulse modes only The output of the 2500B is...

Page 82: ...rystal detector to the EXT ALC connector on the rear panel using an appropriate cable 4 Press then press System Menu 5 Select ALC Leveling 6 Use ALC Leveling or to select Positive Diode or Negative Diode The choice depends on the type of detector used 7 Press 8 Select Frequency and enter the desired CW frequency using the keypad or 9 Select Power and enter the output level using the keypad or NOTE...

Page 83: ...ess then select System Menu 5 Select ALC Leveling 6 Select the Power Meter setting using or by repeatedly pressing ALC Leveling 7 Press 8 Select Frequency and enter the desired CW frequency using the numeric keypad or 9 Select Level and enter the desired output level using the numeric keypad or NOTE When entering a new level setting using the numeric keypad use the dBm or dB Units buttons Units ar...

Page 84: ... parameters to fit your needs NOTE 2 If the external reference has excessive noise or drift this will degrade the performance of the 2500B The procedure below describes how to use the EXT REF IN connector on the rear of the 2500B Table 30 Use an External Frequency Reference Use an External Frequency Reference Step Action 1 Verify that the RF output is NOT energized by checking the RF on off indica...

Page 85: ...nd system volume control System information including the model number serial number firmware version etc can also be displayed Pressing the System menu button opens the main System menu which consists of four submenus as shown in Figure 37 Any submenu can be opened by pressing the softkey next to the submenu s name All parameters shown in the System menus can be modified once selected by their ad...

Page 86: ... set to automatically switch as the instrument s power level is varied or it can be manually set to insert a fixed amount of attenuation ALC Leveling This menu item allows you to set the instrument s ALC input The ALC input settings are Internal Positive Detector Negative Detector Power Meter External ALC enables the instrument to compensate for device transmission losses without user intervention...

Page 87: ...u Action or Parameter Figure 39 Connectivity Menu Connectivity Menu see Figure 39 GPIB Address Allows you to set the instrument s General Purpose Interface Bus GPIB address The GPIB address range is 1 to 30 Baud Rate Sets the data transfer rate over the RS 232 port on the rear panel of the 2500B This menu item lets you can select from the following rates 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 115200 ...

Page 88: ...nob cannot be used for this 3 Press any Units button Recall This menu item allows you to recall a previously saved instrument state from any of the ten storage registers contained in the instrument s non volatile memory The parameter area in the display shows the following text From Register X Where X is the list of registers separated by commas that currently have an instrument state saved in the...

Page 89: ...cation is emitted when an error condition occurs such as when an improper button sequence is pressed a parameter limit is exceeded Table 34 System Menu Ethernet Submenu System Menu Ethernet Submenu Submenu Action or Parameter Figure 41 Ethernet Menu Ethernet Menu see Figure 41 The Ethernet Menu allows you to set up the 2500B for remote operations using the LAN connection Settable menu items DHCP A...

Page 90: ...ight side of the display when the Ref Tune function is enabled The 2500B is unlocked The user must determine the appropriate parameters necessary to lock the 2500B to the external frequency source The tuning voltage must not exceed 15 Volts and must not go more negative than 1 Volt The instrument s phase noise performance may be degraded when Ref Tune is enabled The Ref Tune input is a high impeda...

Page 91: ...eature Step Action 1 Connect a cable with a BNC connector between the REF TUNE connector on the rear panel of the 2500B and the controlling source 2 On the 2500B front panel press 3 Select System Menu External Tune Input will appear as one of the softkeys 4 Enable and disable the Reference Tune input by Toggling External Tune Input Pressing End of Procedure Softkey Softkey System ...

Page 92: ...l operation access the Language menus at any time by pressing the LOCAL button NOTE Pressing the LOCAL button when the instrument is in the remote operating mode returns it to local operating mode You can leave the Language menus at any time by pressing any of the Menu buttons on the front panel or by going in to Remote mode You can navigate between the three Language menus by pressing the bottom ...

Page 93: ...the instrument during remote operations SCPI is one of the standard remote language choices that are available To choose SCPI as the remote language select this menu item GT12000 This menu item allows you to select the Giga tronics Series 12000A native command set as the language to be used by the instrument during remote operations GT9000 This menu item allows you to select GT 9000 command set as...

Page 94: ...to select HP 8350 command emulation as the language to be used by the instrument during remote operations HP8360 This menu item allows you to select HP 8360 command emulation as the language to be used by the instrument during remote operations HP8370 This menu item allows you to select HP 8370 command emulation as the language to be used by the instrument during remote operations HP8663 This menu...

Page 95: ...y the instrument corresponds to the Language menu item that is currently selected Settable items in this menu are HP8673 This menu item allows you to select HP 8673 command emulation as the language to be used by the instrument during remote operations Systron Donner This menu item allows you to select Systron Donner command set as the remote control language to be used by the instrument using the...

Page 96: ... over a 0 C to 55 C range after 30 minutes of warm up time unless otherwise stated Table 37 General Specifications General Specifications Parameter Specification Operating Temperature 0 C to 55 C Environmental Conforms to MIL PRF 28800F Class 3 Safety EN61010 Emissions EN61326 Approvals CE Marked Power 90 to 253 VAC 47 to 440 Hz 300 Watts typical 350 Watts maximum Fuse Rating 3 A Slow Blow SB Widt...

Page 97: ...rowave Signal Generators Performance Verification Operation Manual Part Number 34737 Rev C June 30 2011 Page 87 Figure 47 2500B Mechanical Specifications NOTE These drawings show the 2500B with the rack mounting hardware installed ...

Page 98: ...Table 39 Frequency Specifications Frequency Specifications Parameter Specification Accuracy Same as time base Resolution 0 001 Hz Power Slope Adjustable up to 0 5 dB GHz Internal Reference Output 10 MHz TTL level into 50 Ω 100 MHz 5 dBm square wave into 50 Ω Aging rate 1 5 x 10 10 day Temperature stability 2 2 5 x 10 8 External Frequency Reference Input Frequency 10 MHz or 100 MHz Frequency Deviat...

Page 99: ...Bands Band Frequency N Band index 0 0 1 to 10 MHz N A 1 10 to 15 625 MHz 512 2 15 625 to 31 MHz 256 3 31 to 63 MHz 128 4 63 to 125 MHz 64 5 125 to 250 MHz 32 6 250 to 500 MHz 16 7 500 to 1000 MHz 8 8 1 to 2 GHz 4 9 2 to 4 GHz 2 10 4 to 10 1 GHz 1 11 10 1 to 20 2 GHz 1 2 12 20 2 to 39 6 GHz 1 1 4 13 39 6 to 50 GHz 1 6 1 Band 12 frequency range extends to 40 GHz for model 2540B ...

Page 100: ...hever is lower Specifications for Sub harmonics above instrument frequency range are nominal 100 kHz to 2 GHz 80 dBc 2 to 20 2 GHz 60 dBc 20 2 to 50 GHz 40 dBc Spurious Specifications are for offsets 300 Hz Specification is 45 dBc 20 log 1 N dBc nominal for offsets 300 Hz 100 kHz to 10 1 GHz 65 dBc 10 1 to 20 2 GHz 58 dBc 20 2 to 39 6 GHz 50 dBc 39 6 to 50 GHz 40 dBc Residual FM typical 50 Hz to 1...

Page 101: ...0 kHz to 10 MHz 0 01 to 2 2 to 8 8 to 20 20 to 26 5 26 5 to 40 40 to 50 2502B 1 10 9 12 12 N A N A N A N A N A 2508B 10 9 12 12 14 13 N A N A N A N A 2520B 10 9 12 12 14 13 14 12 N A N A N A 2526B 10 9 11 11 11 10 11 9 10 8 N A N A 2540B 2 10 9 11 11 11 10 11 9 10 8 10 8 N A 2550B 2 3 10 9 11 11 5 4 5 3 5 3 5 3 5 3 2502B 2508B with Opt 27 N A 7 7 N A N A N A N A NOTES Numbers in parenthesis are fo...

Page 102: ...A N A N A 2520B 10 9 14 13 17 16 20 18 N A N A N A 2526B 10 9 14 13 12 11 15 13 11 9 N A N A 2540B 2 10 9 14 13 12 11 15 13 11 9 11 9 N A 2550B 2 3 10 9 14 13 12 11 15 13 15 13 15 13 11 9 2502B 2508B with Opt 27 N A 10 10 N A N A N A N A NOTES Numbers in parenthesis are for units with mechanical step attenuators Specification applies over 0 C to 35 C range and degrades 2 dB from 35 C to 55 C 1 Spe...

Page 103: ...A 127 127 N A N A N A N A NOTES Numbers in are for units with mechanical step attenuators Specification applies over 0 C to 35 C range and degrades 2 dB from 35 C to 55 C 1 Specification for 2502B applies to its maximum frequency of 2 5 GHz 2 For the 2550B frequency crossing is at 39 6 GHz instead of 40 GHz Table 46 RF Power level Accuracy in dB RF Power Level Accuracy in dB Frequency Range 5 dBm ...

Page 104: ... 0 67 79 96 96 123 Table 49 SSB Phase Noise Option 28B SSB Phase Noise Option 28B Carrier Frequency GHz Offset from Carrier dBc Hz 1 Hz 10 Hz 100 Hz 1 kHz 10 kHz 100 kHz 1 MHz 1 0 55 77 100 118 124 124 150 4 0 43 67 90 108 114 112 142 10 0 35 60 83 100 109 108 138 20 0 29 55 77 94 102 102 126 30 0 23 48 71 88 99 99 127 Table 50 Frequency and Power Sweep Frequency and Power Sweep Parameter Specific...

Page 105: ...Range 1 V Impedance 600 Ω 1 Modulation peaks must be less than maximum available power Table 52 Frequency Modulation Frequency Modulation 1 Specifications apply to frequencies above 10 MHz Low Rate Modulation Index Deviation Limited Rate 3 dB bandwidth DC to 750 kHz Peak Deviation 1 5 MHz N Accuracy 5 at 5 kHz rate with 1 V peak input 12 024 kHz V sensitivity Input Range 1 V Input Impedance 50 Ω H...

Page 106: ...ies to frequencies above 500 MHz Standard Operating Modes Internal External On Off Ratio 80 dB Rise Fall Times 0 5 to 20 GHz 10 ns max 3 ns nominal 20 to 50 GHz 25 ns max 10 ns nominal Minimum Leveled Pulse Width Internal External 350 ns Minimum Unleveled Pulse Width Open Loop Calibrated 25 ns 10 ns nominal Level Accuracy 1 Pulse Width 350 ns 0 5 dB Pulse Width 100 to 350 ns 1 5 0 5 dB Pulse Width...

Page 107: ... ΔF 500 MHz 1 Delay is specified from edge of trigger pulse 2 Time for amplitude to settle within 0 1 dB of final value after an amplitude switch 3 Time for frequency to settle within 50 kHz of final value after a frequency switch Table 56 External ALC External ALC Parameter Specification Polarity Positive or negative diode detector or positive power meter selectable Input Impedance 1 MΩ typical P...

Page 108: ...ine Square Triangle Ramp Rate 0 01 Hz to 1 MHz for all waveforms Resolution 0 01 Hz Accuracy Same as time base FM output 2 Vp p into 10 kΩ load Pulse Modulation Source Modes Continuous gated triggered pulse burst up to 300 pulses Pulse Width 10 ns to 10 ms Pulse Repetition Interval 1 0 2 μs to 1 s Sync Out Delay 0 to 10 ms Resolution 10 ns Accuracy 2 of setting or 15 ns whichever is greater 0 08 n...

Page 109: ...face GPIB IEEE 488 2 RS 232 USB 2 0 full speed not high speed Ethernet Software Interface Standard SCPI GT12000 series GT9000 series GT900 series GT7000 series GT6000 series Automation Xpress Interface Execution Speed IEEE 488 2 AXI SCPI CW Switching typ 2 5 ms 28 ms 4000 Point List Download typ 20 s 28 s Automation Xpress 20 MB Disk Space Remote Interface GPIB IEEE 488 2 1987 RS 232 USB 2 0 Ether...

Page 110: ...ording to its specifications prior to testing The minimum warm up time before testing the 2500B is 30 minutes unless otherwise specified The following procedures refer to the instrument under test as the 2500B for all 2500B Series Microwave Signal Generator models 9 2 1 List of Performance Verification Procedures Table 59 below is a list of the Performance Verification procedures in this section w...

Page 111: ...ktronix TDS3052B 500 MHz or Equivalent Universal Power Meter Giga tronics Series 8650A B or Equivalent The Power Meter must have a video bandwidth capability 100 kHz Power Sensors CW and Peak Power Giga tronics 803XXA series CW Power Sensor and Peak Power Sensor or Equivalents as appropriate for the frequency range of the 2500B under test The Peak Power Sensor must have a video bandwidth 100 kHz F...

Page 112: ... See Figure 6 on page 19 for the location of the connector and the electrical specifications of the external timebase Connect the 2500B RF Output to the low frequency input 2 Allow the equipment to warm up for at least 30 minutes 3 Set the 2500B to the lowest output frequency it is capable of see Table 62 on page 103 and set the RF output level to 0 dBm 4 Press to activate the 2500B RF output The ...

Page 113: ...GHz 36 GHz 40 GHz 50 GHz Model type of 2500B series for example 2540B Serial number Tested by Date 1 The 2500B models with Option 18 are adjustable down to 100 kHz 10 MHz with Option 27 9 2 5 Spectral Purity In this test the output of the 2500B is connected to a spectrum analyzer Various frequencies are selected and the analyzer tuned to determine the presence of either harmonic or non harmonic sp...

Page 114: ...e UNLEVELED indicator on the front panel lights 4 Press to turn on the RF output The RF on off indicator illuminates blue when the RF output is active 5 Set the spectrum analyzer to view the 2500B output signal Adjust the analyzer reference level so that the peak of the displayed signal is at the top graticule line 6 Set the spectrum analyzer span to 500 MHz with the signal centered on the screen ...

Page 115: ...e spectral purity test NOTE In the datasheet below test the 2500B only at the frequencies within the range of your specific model of 2500B For frequencies not within your instrument s range enter N A in the test results column s of the datasheet Table 64 Datasheet 2 Spectral Purity Datasheet 2 Spectral Purity Test Frequency Measured Power Level Harmonics Sub harmonics Non harmonics 100 MHz 1 200 M...

Page 116: ...eet 3 Table 66 on page 107 Figure 50 Power Specifications Test Setup Table 65 Maximum Leveled Power Maximum Leveled Power Step Action 1 Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 50 on page 106 2 Allow the equipment to warm up for at least 30 minutes 3 Set the 2500B to the first frequency specified in the datasheet and press 4 Increase the output power of the 2500B until the UNLEVELED indicator ligh...

Page 117: ...hin your instrument s range enter N A in the test results column s of the datasheet Table 66 Datasheet 3 Maximum Leveled Power Datasheet 3 Maximum Leveled Power Test Frequency Measured Maximum Leveled Power dBm 100 MHz 1 200 MHz 1 400 MHz 1 750 MHz 1 1 5 GHz 1 3 GHz 7 GHz 10 GHz 15 GHz 20 GHz 26 GHz 36 GHz 40 GHz 50 GHz Model type of 2500B series for example 2540B Serial number Tested by Date 1 Th...

Page 118: ...gure 50 on page 106 2 Allow the equipment to warm up for at least 30 minutes 3 Set the output level of the 2500B to 0 dBm 4 Set the 2500B to the first test frequency listed in the datasheet 5 Press and record the measured output power in the Level 0dBm column 6 Repeat steps 4 and 5 for the remaining test frequencies shown in Datasheet 4 that are within the operating range of the instrument 7 Set t...

Page 119: ...nt s range enter N A in the test results column s of the datasheet Table 68 Datasheet 4 Level Accuracy Datasheet 4 Level Accuracy Test Frequency Measured Output Power Output set at 0 dBm Output set at 9 99 dBm 4 99 dBm for 2550B 100 MHz 1 200 MHz 1 400 MHz 1 750 MHz 1 1 5 GHz 1 3 GHz 7 GHz 10 GHz 15 GHz 20 GHz 26 GHz 36 GHz 40 GHz 50 GHz Model type of 2500B series for example 2540B Serial number T...

Page 120: ...g the flatness and accuracy of the 2500B consider the various measurement uncertainties in the test system These include but are not limited to VSWR cable loss and linearity NOTE Verify that the amplitude accuracy specification for the specific spectrum analyzer used has adequate performance capability for this test 9 2 8 1 Equipment and Materials Microwave spectrum analyzer Cables and adapters fo...

Page 121: ... the 2500B output to the lowest frequency your model of 2500B is capable of and press 6 Press the Peak Search button on the spectrum analyzer 7 Press the Step Size button on the 2500B and set the step size to 10 dB 8 Reduce the RF output level of the 2500B in 10 dB increments by pressing while observing the measurement on the spectrum analyzer 9 Record each level measured by the spectrum analyzer ...

Page 122: ...N A in the test results column s of the datasheet Table 70 Datasheet 5 Step Attenuator Level Accuracy Test Datasheet 5 Step Attenuator Level Accuracy Test Test Frequency Measured Output Power 10 dB 20 dB 30 dB 40 dB 50 dB 60 dB 70 dB 80 dB 90 dB 100 MHz 1 200 MHz 1 400 MHz 1 750 MHz 1 1 5 GHz 1 3 GHz 7 GHz 10 GHz 15 GHz 20 GHz 26 GHz 36 GHz 40 GHz 50 GHz Model type of 2500B series for example 2540...

Page 123: ...d Materials Microwave spectrum analyzer Function generator Oscilloscope Digital voltmeter Cables and adapters for connecting the test setup Datasheet 6 Table 72 on page 115 Figure 52 Amplitude Modulation Accuracy and Bandwidth Test Setup NOTE Set the output amplitude into 50 Ohms of the function generator accurately using a precision digital voltmeter NOTE The external frequency reference timebase...

Page 124: ...cision Digital Voltage Meter to ensure that its output is 2 00 Vp p This must be as exact as possible 6 Set the spectrum analyzer to the test frequency output frequency of the 2500B Center the signal using Peak Search and Marker to Center Frequency functions 7 Activate the Delta Marker function and press the Next Peak function or move the marker to the next peak 8 Measure and record the AM Depth i...

Page 125: ...d all of the test results onto the datasheet compare the test results with the following to verify compliance of the 2500B Table 51 on page 95 End of Procedure NOTE In the datasheet below test the 2500B only at the frequencies within the range of your specific model of 2500B For frequencies not within your instrument s range enter N A in the test results column s of the datasheet Table 72 Datashee...

Page 126: ...00B Connect the spectrum analyzer timebase output to EXT REF IN on the rear of the 2500B 3 Set the 2500B for the following settings Level 0 dBm Frequency 10 MHz AM Sensitivity 30 V External AM State On 4 Set the spectrum analyzer to the following settings Reference Level 5 dBm Span 5 kHz Sweep time AUTO Resolution Bandwidth 30 Hz Video Bandwidth 30 Hz 5 Set the function generator for a 1 kHz Sine ...

Page 127: ...est frequencies in Datasheet 7 11 After you have entered all of the test results onto the datasheet compare the test results with the following to verify compliance of the 2500B Table 51 on page 95 End of Procedure NOTE In the datasheet below test the 2500B only at the frequencies within the range of your specific model of 2500B For frequencies not within your instrument s range enter N A in the t...

Page 128: ... Materials Microwave spectrum analyzer Function generator Digital voltmeter Cables and adapters for connecting the test setup Datasheet 8 Table 76 on page 120 Figure 53 Frequency Modulation Accuracy and Deviation Bandwidth Test Setup NOTE Set the output amplitude into 50 Ohms of the function generator accurately using a precision digital voltmeter NOTE The external frequency reference timebase sho...

Page 129: ...o the following FM State Off Sensitivity 12 024 kHz Volt 5 Set the output of the 2500B to the first frequency in datasheet 8 and adjust the spectrum analyzer frequency to match the test frequency Adjust the reference level of the spectrum analyzer until the peak on the top graticule of the display 6 Set the FM State to On 7 Adjust the rate of the function generator X kHz until the FM carrier is re...

Page 130: ...peration Manual Part Number 34737 Rev C June 30 2011 Table 76 Datasheet 8 FM Accuracy Low Rate Datasheet 8 FM Accuracy Low Rate Test Frequency GHz Results Rate Deviation Error Pass Fail 5 4 5 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0 10 0 Model type of 2500B series for example 2540B Serial number Tested by Date ...

Page 131: ... 00 Vp p into 50 Ω This must be set as accurately as possible 4 Set the output level of the 2500B to 0 dBm press and set the external FM settings of the 2500B to the following FM State Off Sensitivity 15 MHz Volt 5 Set the output of the 2500B to the first frequency in datasheet 9 and adjust the spectrum analyzer frequency to match the test frequency Adjust the reference level of the spectrum analy...

Page 132: ...eration Manual Part Number 34737 Rev C June 30 2011 Table 78 Datasheet 9 FM Accuracy High Rate Datasheet 9 FM Accuracy High Rate Test Frequency GHz Results Rate Deviation Error Pass Fail 5 4 4 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0 10 0 Model type of 2500B series for example 2540B Serial number Tested by Date ...

Page 133: ...ures the rise and fall times of pulse modulation 9 2 13 1 Equipment and Materials Oscilloscope 500 MHz bandwidth recommended Pulse generator Crystal diode detector 10 ns rise time 3 pF output capacitance frequency range equal or greater than the test frequency range Cables and adapters for connecting the test setup Datasheet 10 Table 80 on page 125 Figure 54 Pulse Modulation Rise and Fall Time Tes...

Page 134: ...igger of the oscilloscope according to the type of crystal detector being used either positive or negative 5 Set the 2500B to the following settings Power Level 0 dBm External PM state ON Trigger Polarity Active high RF Output state On 6 Set the 2500B to the first test frequency shown in the datasheet 7 Measure the rise and fall times on the oscilloscope and record them in the appropriate columns ...

Page 135: ...umn s of the datasheet NOTE Rise Time and Fall Time are not guaranteed specifications However they may indicate issues with overall performance if significantly beyond nominal specification values Table 80 Datasheet 10 Pulse Modulation Rise and Fall Time Test Datasheet 10 Pulse Modulation Rise and Fall Time Test Test Frequency Results Rise Time Fall Time Level Accuracy On Off Ratio dB CW Pulse Del...

Page 136: ...37 Rev C June 30 2011 9 2 14 Pulse Modulation Pulse Power Level Accuracy 9 2 14 1 Equipment and Materials Pulse generator Universal power meter Peak power sensor video bandwidth 100 kHz Cables and adapters for connecting the test setup Datasheet 10 Table 80 on page 125 Figure 55 Pulse Modulation Level Accuracy Test Setup ...

Page 137: ...e high RF Output On 5 Set the power meter s sensor mode to CW 6 Measure and record the CW level for each of the frequencies listed in the datasheet in the Level Accuracy CW column of the datasheet 7 Set the External PM state of the 2500B to On 8 Set the power meter s sensor mode to Peak and adjust the sample delay to 500 ns 9 Measure and record the peak level for each of the frequencies listed in ...

Page 138: ... Manual Part Number 34737 Rev C June 30 2011 9 2 15 Pulse Modulation Pulse On Off Ratio 9 2 15 1 Equipment and Materials Pulse generator Microwave spectrum analyzer Cables and adapters for connecting the test setup Datasheet 10 Table 80 on page 125 Figure 56 Pulse Modulation On Off Ratio Test Setup ...

Page 139: ...the spectrum analyzer to the following settings Frequency Same as the frequency set at the 2500B Span 0 Hz Zero Span mode Sweep Rate 20 ms Vertical Scale 10 dB div Resolution Bandwidth 3 kHz Video Bandwidth 3 kHz Video Averaging 10 Trigger type Video adjust until triggered at 50 of the rising falling edge 7 Adjust the spectrum analyzer reference level so that the peak level of the pulse is at the ...

Page 140: ...heck the Giga tronics website www gigatronics com for the latest add ons and options available Table 83 2500B Add on Accessories and Options 2500B Add on Accessories and Options Accessory Option Number Description A011 Ruggedized carrying case EWS20 Add 3 year warranty 2 year extended warranty EWS40 Add 5 year warranty 4 year extended warranty 17A Add Internal and External Modulation Suite 17B Add...

Page 141: ...ons Operation Manual Part Number 34737 Rev C June 30 2011 Page 131 2500B Add on Accessories and Options Accessory Option Number Description 31 Add minimum pulse width 100 ns pulse 44 Replace standard front panel with blank front panel requires option 22 46 Add Rack Slide Kit ...

Page 142: ...ges that might be encountered during remote operation of the instrument B 1 Start up Error Messages If the system encounters any problems during the start up sequence a message is displayed after start up is complete Typically you should contact Giga tronics customer support if any start up error messages are encountered The message that is displayed has the following format Error code xxxxxxxxxxx...

Page 143: ...on 1 TIMEBASE_SET_ERROR 2 NVRAM_BATT_FAIL 3 CPU_FPGA_LOAD_FAIL 4 SYN_FPGA_LOAD_FAIL 5 ALC_SP_FPGA_LOAD_FAIL 6 ALC_PM_FPGA_LOAD_FAIL 7 RTOS_UTIL_ERROR 8 SYN_DSP_BOOT_LOAD_FAIL 9 ALC_DSP_BOOT_LOAD_FAIL 10 SYN_DSP_LOAD_FAIL 11 ALC_DSP_LOAD_FAIL 12 ALC_ZERO_FAIL 13 ALC_COMM_ERR 14 ALC_MEM_TEST_FAIL 15 ALC_ANALOG_TEST_FAIL 16 YIG_CAL_ERR 17 SYN_CAL_ERR 18 FPGA_CHECK_ERR 19 A1A2_CAL_ERR 20 Bit position ...

Page 144: ...circuitry contains a battery to maintain the contents of NVRAM when the instrument is not connected from the mains power source On occasion this battery might fail which causes NVRAM corruption In this case the system resets the NVRAM and displays the following message once the start up process is complete Memory reset due to battery failure Please contact the service center B 2 3 NV RAM Reset Due...

Page 145: ... to the controller and the controller software is responsible for querying the status message When using the RS232 interface the controller software should poll the 2500B for the error condition A user can also query the 2500B using the ERR query GT12000 language mode or SYStem ERR SCPI language mode The message structure is error 2500B error message The following table describes the 2500B remote ...

Page 146: ... is out of range 33 Invalid internal PM polarity RISing or FALLing are supported 34 Invalid External PM polarity NORmal or INVerted are supported 35 Invalid PM source INTernal or EXTernal are supported 36 Invalid PM action 0 deactivate 1 activate 2 activate internal PM 3 activate external pulse negative true 4 Activate internal PM external rising edge trigger 5 Activate internal PM external fallin...

Page 147: ... FM with negative ramp 7 Activate internal FM with zero output 48 Invalid Boolean value is specified 0 OFF 1 ON 49 List sync out delay is out of range 50 Invalid list trigger direction 0 Forward from first to last list point 1 Backward from last to first list point 51 Invalid list sequence number some sequence numbers might be less than 0 or exceed available list index 52 List has not been pre com...

Page 148: ...r Message 66 Incorrect password for setting minimum list step time 67 Unable to update parameter block data 68 List step time is out of range 69 FM deviation is out of range 70 FM sensitivity is out of range 71 PM internal PRI is out of range 72 PM internal width is out of range 73 PM internal sync out delay is of out of range 74 CW power slope is out of range End of Document ...

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