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transiency and thus in metal-specific sound.   Hard 
dome tweeters, therefore, are suitable for speaker 
systems where the aim is for creation of sound 
characterized by such materials (metal-specific 
sound).

1) UFLC material 

A common previous practice when producing soft 
domes is direct application or coating of damping 
materials on polyester cloth to avoid adverse effects 
of such materials caused by porosity or specific 
inherent sound on the reproduced sound.  This way 
of production of soft domes, however, is subject to 
variations in the amount of applied damping 
materials, resulting in generation of dips in the 
response due to pinholes, low output level due to 
excessive application of damping materials, or 
deteriorated high end reproduction due to loss of 
material strength.  Our new development, being the 
UFLC materials, is our solution to these problems.  
With it, light and highly stable diaphragms have 
become available.
The UFLC materials consist of the following 
component materials: 

U: Polyurethane
This plastic features large internal loss, light weight 
and good bonding performance. 
F: Film
Prior processing is given to polyurethane resin to 
roll it to an extremely thin film of a consistent 25

µ

m thickness.

L: Laminated
The base material and polyurethane film are pressed 
while heated to bond them tightly together.
C: Cloth 
The base material is large-meshed porous polyester 
cloth, chosen for its lightness and strength.

The use of this UFLC material provides a 30% 
weight reduction and consistent quality.  The dome 
shape of a newly developed special configuration 
brings about ideal performance characteristics for 
soft domes.
The frequency response range widely and naturally 
extends to the extreme high end of frequencies, 
which had not been possible before development of 
this dome design, reproducing each segment of 
delivered sound signals to its highest fidelity.

2) Die-cast aluminum frame

Conventionally, tweeter frame materials for speaker 
systems of this class have been plastics such as 

ABS.  Incapable of suppressing high frequency 
vibration energy, plastic frames are usually 
accompanied by undesired noise caused by 
resonance, and thus poor trangency.
With the use of a 6.5 mm thick die-cast frame on 
the NF-1 tweeters to assure the necessary and 
sufficient strength, this problem has been solved, 
and conditions become possible for utilization of 
the merits and advantages of the high grade UFLC 
diaphragms to the fullest extent.  Consequently, 
highly transient sound quality has resulted.
The athletic track-shaped and tapered frames 
successfully reduce magnitudes of natural 
resonance and make it possible to place the tweeter 
closest to the woofer to allow for the narrowest 
phase shift range.

3)Low-leakage magnetic circuit

To avoid interference with nearby magnetic devices 
and displays, a canceling magnet is used in the 
magnetic circuit.  The canceling magnet functions 
to lead outflow of the lines of magnetic force to the 
gap, elevating flux density in the gap to as high as 
1.2T.

FEATURES OF THE ENCLOSURE

FEATURES OF THE ENCLOSURE

1) Driver arrangement oriented for time alignment

The most important characteristics of speaker systems 
include a phase characteristic.  This characteristic is of 
particular importance to monitor speakers at the places 
where they are used for monitoring.  The prime measure 
taken to address this issue was execution of positional 
alignment of the woofer and tweeter to locate them as 
close to each other as possible for the maximum 
available monitor area.
NF-1 is designed for optimal sound when listened to at 
positions between the axes of the woofer and the 
tweeter, if connected in phase.  In the case of opposite 
phase connection, the optimal listening positions shift 
beyond the tweeter position, with the optimal listening 
range being narrowed.
Application conditions of NF-1 in studios are the 
determining factor for connections to ensure perfect 
phase characteristics.  In-phase connection should be the 
primary option, unless otherwise dictated by the 
application environment.
Due to the fact that human ears are very sensitive to the 
horizontal direction, arrangement of drivers in that 
direction is undesirable in terms of phase.  It should be 
kept in mind that perfectly time-aligned NF-1 is 
designed for use in an upright position.

Summary of Contents for NF-1

Page 1: ...Technical White Paper NEAR FIELD STUDIO MONITOR ...

Page 2: ... 2 ...

Page 3: ...al level 2 To express to the fullest extent all the musical nuances intended by the musicians and engineers 3 To provide engineers with a highly efficient work environment where they can work unconscious of the existence and intervention of sound reproduction speakers free of stress and fatigue caused by the necessity of corrections of properties inherent to conventional speakers 4 To be with hori...

Page 4: ...rength of such level can raise the resonance frequency of diaphragms to reproduce fast rising sounds that make listeners perceive faster responsiveness over conventional diaphragms Besides the straight lines being of varied lengths prevent any specific standing waves from being created on diaphragms with subsequent freedom from peaks and thus resulting in smooth response 2 HP Diaphragms having tor...

Page 5: ...articulate configuration though the curved surfaces are complex provides ease in analysis and reproducibility of simulation Figure 5 represents a conventional straight cone Cone break up is present at 596 Hz in the axis symmetry mode in the direction of circumference causing the 3rd harmonic distortion which is said to be detrimental to sound quality to develop Figure 6 shows an HP diaphragm Axis ...

Page 6: ... NBKP and banana fibers Conventionally used NBKP wood pulp alone is accompanied by sound distortion due to lack of bonding strength at the pulp fiber level This distortion component present in reproduced sound has been considered to be an integral element with wood pulp as seen in comments such as reminds listeners of paper Continual study for usability of various types of materials such as carbon...

Page 7: ...l rigidity and permits substantial improvement in rupture resistance D Enforcement material C Pearl mica Attainment of ideal diaphragms is impossible without success in getting elements which raise propagation velocity well balanced with high internal loss maintained Pearl mica allows for Diamond Boron Al Ti Mg Aramid epoxy Carbon graphite Biocellulose gel sheet Aluminum honeycomb Be Shirakawa pul...

Page 8: ...airing propagation velocity The fruit of our labor is the use of Cellgaia pulp resulting in an increase in internal loss without resorting to reduction in propagation velocity of materials Sound quality of wood pulp cones is said to fluctuate depending on ambient humidity The woofer for NF 1 is engineered to be humidity resistant to an extent incomparable to previous wood pulp based vibratory syst...

Page 9: ...ial edge on which up roll and down roll are bonded at their tangential surfaces They are configured through FEM modal analyses to function optimally as edges Targets set at that time include Reduction in anti resonance at mid frequencies No previous rolled edges were without anti resonance The voice coils we adopted are structured tangentially to voice coil movement Freedom from axis symmetry anti...

Page 10: ...istence allowing for natural and higher fidelity reproduction Figures 10 and 11 show FEM analysis results of the acceleration response evidencing a high level of responsiveness which used to be a mere gleam in the sound engineers eyes Improvement of amplitude response It is seen that suspension characteristics being a soft clipping type which works to gradually restrict movement when the magnitude...

Page 11: ... can keep display CRTs completely free from an influence of magnetic leakage 6 Voice coil A coil measuring 35 mm in diameter and wound of a 0 19 diameter wire is very large for 16 cm speakers We believe that the use of hard duralumin for coil bobbin material must not allow to deteriorate the sense of fast reaction in the reproduced sound Better heat resistance characteristic and superb sound trans...

Page 12: ...cy vibration energy plastic frames are usually accompanied by undesired noise caused by resonance and thus poor trangency With the use of a 6 5 mm thick die cast frame on the NF 1 tweeters to assure the necessary and sufficient strength this problem has been solved and conditions become possible for utilization of the merits and advantages of the high grade UFLC diaphragms to the fullest extent Co...

Page 13: ...new means where an HP system reflector is employed to prevent generation of standing waves in enclosures The idea is to have the sound present in enclosures to be extinguished naturally by making it reflected diffusely creating conditions in which no standing waves may develop Given below is a comparison of sound pressure characteristics occurring in enclosures Figure16 involves glass wool Effecti...

Page 14: ... of our targets set for NF 1 listed below requires use of a bi wiring system To attain dynamism and massiveness in base response bass reflex enclosures are adopted With NF 1 acoustic conversion of extremely low loss is achieved by the active utilization of reverberant sound caused by the interior HP sound reflector and exited through the bass reflex ports For this ports are located at two places b...

Page 15: ...oofer and tweeter terminals TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Impedance Frequency Range Sensitivity Power Hamdling program Weight Crossover 8 ohms 60 40k Hz 89dB W 1m 100W 9 1kg 12kHz Frequency response in phase connection Frequency response opposite phase connection 400000 20000 10000 5000 2000 1000 500 200 100 50 20 90 100 80 70 60 50 40 30 110 10 Hz dB 400000 20000 10000 5000 2000 1000 500 200 100 50 20...

Page 16: ...Fostex Corporation 3 2 35 Musasino Akisima Tokyo Japan 196 0021 Tel 81 0 42 546 4974 Fax 81 0 42 546 9222 ...

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