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Dakota Ultrasonics

26

An additional important consideration when measuring laminates, is that

any included air gaps or pockets will cause an early reflection of the

ultrasound beam. This effect will be noticed as a sudden decrease in

thickness in an otherwise regular surface. While this may impede accurate

measurement of total material thickness, it does provide the user with

positive indication of air gaps in the laminate.

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Summary of Contents for DX-1

Page 1: ...OPERATION MANUAL DAKOTA INSTRUMENTS MODEL DX 1 ULTRASONIC MICROMETER P N P 100 0002 Revision 1 4 May 1998 ...

Page 2: ...uments Every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this publication Dakota Instruments assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of information contained herein Any brand or product names mentioned herein are used for identification purposes only and are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective hol...

Page 3: ...ND VELOCITIES OF COMMON MATERIALS WARRANTY INFORMATION 1 3 3 6 8 9 11 12 13 17 18 21 23 27 29 DISCLAIMER Inherent in ultrasonic thickness measurement is the possibility that the instrument will use the second rather than the first echo from the back surface of the material being measured This may result in a thickness reading that is TWICE what it should be Responsibility for proper use of the ins...

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Page 5: ...ed This manual is presented in three sections The first section covers operation of the DX 1 and explains the keypad controls and display The second section provides guidelines in selecting a transducer for a specific application The last section provides application notes and a table of sound velocity values for various materials Dakota Ultrasonics maintains a customer support resource in order t...

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Page 7: ...orm a brief display test by illuminating all of the segments in the display After one second the tool will display the internal software version number After displaying the version number the display will show 0 000 or 0 00 if using metric units indicating the tool is ready for use The DX 1 is turned OFF by pressing the ON OFF key The tool has a special memory that retains all of its settings even...

Page 8: ...X 1 s calibration mode This mode is used to adjust the sound velocity value that the DX 1 will use when calculating thickness The tool will either calculate the sound velocity from a sample of the material being measured or allow a known velocity value to be entered directly Refer to page 13 for an explanation of the two CAL functions available The IN MM key is used to switch back and forth betwee...

Page 9: ...e DOWN arrow key has two functions When the DX 1 is in the CAL mode this key is used to decrease numeric values on the display An auto repeat function is built in so that when the key is held down numeric values will decrement at an increasing rate When the DX 1 is not in calibration mode the DOWN arrow key switches the display backlight between three available settings OFF will be displayed when ...

Page 10: ...ured until a new measurement is made Additionally when the battery voltage is low the entire display will begin to flash When this occurs the batteries should be replaced These eight vertical bars form the Stability Indicator When the DX 1 is idle only the left most bar and the underline will be on When the tool is making a measurement six or seven of the bars should be on If fewer than five bars ...

Page 11: ...n millimeters If the displayed thickness exceeds 199 99 millimeters the decimal point will shift automatically to the right allowing values up to 1999 9 millimeters to be displayed When the IN symbol is on in conjunction with the µs symbol the DX 1 is displaying a sound velocity value in inches per microsecond When the M symbol is on in conjunction with the s symbol the DX 1 is displaying a sound ...

Page 12: ...he DX 1 The transducer must be used correctly in order for the DX 1 to produce accurate reliable measurements Below is a short description of the transducer followed by instructions for its use This is a bottom view of a typical transducer The two semicircles of the wearface are visible as is the barrier separating them One of the semicircles is responsible for conducting ultrasonic sound into the...

Page 13: ...commonly called couplant This fluid serves to couple or transmit the ultrasonic sound waves from the transducer into the material and back again Before attempting to make a measurement a small amount of couplant should be applied to the surface of the material being measured Typically a single droplet of couplant is sufficient After applying couplant press the transducer wearface down firmly again...

Page 14: ...er is in contact with the material being measured the DX 1 will perform four measurements every second updating its display as it does so When the transducer is removed from the surface the display will hold the last measurement made IMPORTANT Occasionally a small film of couplant will be drawn out between the transducer and the surface as the transducer is removed When this happens the DX 1 may p...

Page 15: ...uging which will inhibit proper transducer coupling Extremely rough surfaces such as the pebble like finish of some cast irons will prove most difficult to measure These kinds of surfaces act on the sound beam like frosted glass on light the beam becomes diffused and scattered in all directions In addition to posing obstacles to measurement rough surfaces contribute to excessive wear of the transd...

Page 16: ...sducer into the DX 1 Make sure that the connectors are fully engaged Check that the wearface of the transducer is clean and free of any debris 3 On the face of the DX 1 below the keypad is the metal probe disc Apply a single droplet of ultrasonic couplant to the face of this disc 4 Press the transducer against the probe disc making sure that the transducer sits flat against the surface of the prob...

Page 17: ...n In order for the DX 1 to make accurate measurements it must be set to the correct sound velocity for the material being measured Different types of material have different inherent sound velocities For example the velocity of sound through steel is about 0 233 inches per microsecond versus that of aluminum which is about 0 248 inches per microsecond If the tool is not set to the correct sound ve...

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Page 19: ...value and the Stability Indicator should have nearly all its bars on 5 Having achieved a stable reading remove the transducer If the displayed thickness changes from the value shown while the transducer was coupled repeat step 4 6 Press the CAL key The IN or MM symbol should begin flashing 7 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to adjust the displayed thickness up or down until it matches the thickness ...

Page 20: ...terial to be measured 4 Press the CAL key once more to exit the calibration mode The DX 1 is now ready to perform measurements NOTE At any time during the calibration procedure IN MM IN µs or M s flashing in the display pressing the PRB 0 key will restore the tool to the factory default sound velocity for steel 0 233 IN µs To achieve the most accurate measurements possible it is generally advisabl...

Page 21: ...t thickness value and the Stability Indicator should have nearly all its bars on 5 Having achieved a stable reading remove the transducer If the displayed thickness changes from the value shown while the transducer was coupled repeat step 4 6 Press the CAL key The IN or MM symbol should begin flashing 7 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to adjust the displayed thickness up or down until it matches th...

Page 22: ...ith the material being measured the DX 1 is keeping track of the lowest measurement it finds The transducer may be scrubbed across a surface and any brief interruptions in the signal will be ignored When the transducer loses contact with the surface for more than a second the DX 1 will display the smallest measurement it found When the DX 1 is not in calibration mode press the UP arrow key to turn...

Page 23: ...ic energy into the material being measured such that a strong stable echo is received by the DX 1 Several factors affect the strength of ultrasound as it travels These are outlined below Initial Signal Strength The stronger a signal is to begin with the stronger its return echo will be Initial signal strength is largely a factor of the size of the ultrasound emitter in the transducer A large emitt...

Page 24: ...b Some transducers may simply be too large to be used in tightly confined areas Also the surface area available for contacting with the transducer may be limited requiring the use of a transducer with a small wearface Measuring on a curved surface such as an engine cylinder wall may require the use of a transducer with a matching curved wearface Temperature of the Material When it is necessary to ...

Page 25: ...tween various characteristics It may be necessary to experiment with a variety of transducers in order to find one that works well for a given job Dakota Ultrasonics can provide assistance in choosing a transducer and offers a broad selection of transducers for evaluation in specialized applications ...

Page 26: ... petroleum products Power Source Two AA size 1 5 volt alkaline or 1 2 volt NiCad cells 200 hours typical operating time on alkaline 120 hours on NiCad Display Liquid Crystal Display 4 5 digits 0 500 inch high numerals LED backlight Measuring Range 0 025 to 19 999 inches 0 63 to 500 millimeters Resolution 0 001 inch 0 01 millimeter Accuracy 0 001 inch 0 01 millimeter depends on material and conditi...

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Page 28: ...ong axis of the pipe For smaller pipe diameters two measurements should be performed one with the wearface gap perpendicular another with the gap parallel to the long axis of the pipe The smaller of the two displayed values should then be taken as the thickness at that point Perpendicular Parallel Measuring hot surfaces The velocity of sound through a substance is dependant upon its temperature As...

Page 29: ...t the probe be left in contact with the surface for as short a time as needed to acquire a stable measurement While the transducer is in contact with a hot surface it will begin to heat up itself and through thermal expansion and other effects may begin to adversely affect the accuracy of measurements Measuring laminated materials Laminated materials are unique in that their density and therefore ...

Page 30: ...gaps or pockets will cause an early reflection of the ultrasound beam This effect will be noticed as a sudden decrease in thickness in an otherwise regular surface While this may impede accurate measurement of total material thickness it does provide the user with positive indication of air gaps in the laminate ...

Page 31: ...DX 1 Ultrasonic Micrometer 27 blank page ...

Page 32: ... Iro n 0 2 3 2 5 8 9 3 L e a d 0 0 8 5 2 1 5 9 M a g n e s iu m 0 2 2 8 5 7 9 1 M e rc u ry 0 0 5 7 1 4 4 8 N ic k e l 0 2 2 2 5 6 3 9 N ylo n 0 1 0 2 a p p rx 2 5 9 1 P a ra ffin 0 0 8 7 2 2 1 0 P la tin u m 0 1 5 6 3 9 6 2 P le xig la s s 0 1 0 6 2 6 9 2 P o lys tyre n e 0 0 9 2 2 3 3 7 P o rc e la in 0 2 3 0 a p p rx 5 8 4 2 P V C 0 0 9 4 2 3 8 8 Q u a rtz g la s s 0 2 2 2 5 6 3 9 R u b b e r v...

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Page 34: ...implied with respect to this product Dakota Ultrasonics specifically disclaims any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose Some states or provinces do not allow limitations on the duration of an implied warranty so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you However any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness is limited to the five year duration ...

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