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Cooper Bussmann 245U-E Wireless Ethernet Modem & Device Server User Manual

Rev Version 2.19

Figure 53 Site B WDS Configuration 1

The WDS configuration for unit B is shown above (this page is accessible via the repeaters link from the
configuration webpages). Site B is acting as an access point for Site A, and is a client to Site C. Likewise, Site C is
acting as an access point for Site B, and a client for Site D. Since this example is a bridged network (all devices are
on the same IP network and each link is using a different SSID), there is no possibility of loops (multiple paths to the
same location) and you do not need to incur the overhead of enabling STP (bridge Spanning Tree Protocol).

You specify the devices at the other end of the WDS links by SSID only. MAC addresses can be used to specify
point-to-point links to third party devices that do not support meshing via SSID.

In this example, each virtual connection is using the same encryption method (WPA-PSK (AES) with a key of “Pass
Phrase.” However, as in example #1, the encryption method and key can be different for each virtual link or even
disabled (no encryption). Also the Spanning Tree Protocol is disabled because there is no possibility of network
loops.

Example 2: Roaming with WDS Access Points

Figure 54 WDS Roaming

Another common use for WDS is extending the range across a large wireless network but allowing roaming
connections between access points or being able to switch to the next access point when out of range of the
previous access point. Figure 54 shows a bridging network with a number of access points all with the same SSID,
and network structure, so the Stations can freely roam between access points.

Each access point then needs a separate connection to the next access point, which is provided using the WDS
virtual access points or stations. Site B is acting as a virtual access point for Site A and C, which in turn are
acting as virtual Stations. This setup can be replicated to extend the range and will allow any roaming stations full
connectivity across a network

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Summary of Contents for ELPRO 245U-E

Page 1: ...Read and Retain for Future Reference Cooper Bussmann 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem Device Server User Manual Version 2 19 ...

Page 2: ...s Any changes or modifications made to the device without the written consent of ELPRO Technologies may void the user s authority to operate the device This device must be installed by professional installers in compliance with 47 CFR Part 15 Subpart C Section 15 204 and 15 205 who will be responsible for maintaining EIRP no greater than 36 dBm in accordance with 47 CFR Part 15 Subpart C Section 1...

Page 3: ...of noise and interference However in an extreme cases radio noise and interference could cause product operation delays or operation failure As with all industrial electronic products ELPRO products can fail in a variety of modes due to misuse age or malfunction We recommend that users and designers design systems using design techniques intended to prevent personal injury or damage during product...

Page 4: ... Release Notice This is the June 2013 release of the 245U E Ethernet Modem User Manual version 2 19 which applies to version 2 19 modem firmware Follow Instructions Read this entire manual and all other publications pertaining to the work to be performed before installing operating or servicing this equipment Practice all plant and safety instructions and precautions Failure to follow the instruct...

Page 5: ...hared Authentication Mode 34 WPA WPA2 34 WPA Enterprise Authenticator AP Configuration 35 WPA Enterprise Supplicant Client Configuration 36 3 8 Normal Operation 36 Bridge Operation Transparent Network 36 Router Operation Routed Network 37 3 9 Radio Configuration 37 Channel Selection 39 245U E G Modem 2 4 GHz 802 11b g 39 245U E A Modem 5 GHz 802 11a 39 3 10 Advanced Radio Configuration 40 Fixed No...

Page 6: ...s 88 4 6 System Tools 88 4 7 Testing Radio Paths 89 Connection and Signal Strength 89 Iperf Throughput Test 89 Internal Radio Test 89 RSSI 90 Throughput 90 4 8 Remote Configuration 91 4 9 Internal Diagnostics Modbus Registers 92 Connection Information 92 Statistic Registers 92 4 10 Utilities 93 ping 93 arp 95 route 96 Chapter 5 SPECIFICATIONS 97 Appendix A FIRMWARE UPGRADE 99 Web based Upgrade 99 ...

Page 7: ... The 245U E A uses a 5 GHz DSSS wireless transceiver and users must select appropriate channel and transmit power allowable in their country Check with your ELPRO representative for the permitted channel usage in your country See Appendix C CHANNELS for channels selections The 245U E unit also provides two serial connections in addition to the Ethernet connections It is possible to use all three d...

Page 8: ...ccess point becomes transparent Ethernet link Figure 2 shows a connection between two Ethernet devices using 245U E Ethernet modems In this example one 245U E is configured as an access point and the other as a client Figure 2 Access Point and Client Example 1 Figure 3 shows an existing LAN being extended using 245U Es In this example the access point should be configured at the LAN end although t...

Page 9: ...45U E can be a repeater and at the same time can be connected to an Ethernet devices or on a LAN Figure 5 Multiple Repeaters Multiple access points can be set up in a mesh network to provide multiple repeaters Bridge vs Router Each 245U E is configured with one IP address for the Ethernet side and another for the wireless side A bridge connects devices within the same Ethernet network for example ...

Page 10: ...of LAN A with the client unit acting as a router between LAN A and LAN B Alternatively the access point could be configured as a router The wireless link is then part of LAN B If more than two routers are required within the same radio network routing rules may need to be configured see 3 18 Routing for further details There is no limit to the number of bridges in the same network although there i...

Page 11: ... Chapter 2 INSTALLATION The 245U E requires an antenna and a power supply 2 Power on the 245U E and make an Ethernet connection to your PC For detailed steps refer to 3 2 Configuring the Unit for the First Time 3 Set the 245U E address settings as described in 3 2 Configuring the Unit for the First Time 4 Save the configuration The 245U E is now ready to use Before installing the 245U E bench test...

Page 12: ... 4 W EIRP and 2 km in Europe 100 mW EIRP If using a 245U E A 5 GHz with a single antenna 5 km 3 miles can be achieved in USA Canada and Australia 1 W EIRP and 3 km in Europe 500 mW EIRP but more care is needed in selecting antennas and coax and radio paths need to be complete line of site no obstruction whatsoever To achieve the maximum transmission distance the antennas should be raised above int...

Page 13: ... directly to the module connectors or connected via 50 ohm coaxial cable such as RG58 Cellfoil or RG213 terminated with a male SMA coaxial connector The higher the antenna is mounted the greater the transmission range However cable losses also increase as the length of the coaxial cable increases The net gain of an antenna cable configuration is the gain of the antenna in dBi less the loss in the ...

Page 14: ...unded structure a lightning rod may be installed above the antenna to provide shielding Figure 10 Vulcanizing Tape Dipole and Collinear Antennas A dipole or collinear antenna transmits the same amount of radio power in all directions as such they are easy to install and use The dipole antenna with integral 15 ft 5 m cable does not require any additional coaxial cable However a cable must be used w...

Page 15: ... should be vertical If the Yagi is transmitting to another Yagi the elements at each end of the wireless link need to in the same plane horizontal or vertical Directional radomes should be installed with the central beam horizontal and must be pointed exactly in the direction of transmission to benefit from the gain of the antenna Parabolic antennas should be mounted as per the manufacturer s inst...

Page 16: ...rovide efficient surge protection for the module refer to the installation diagram in the 245U E Installation Guide 2 3 Serial Connections RS232 Serial Port The serial port is a 9 pin DB9 female and provides for connection to a host device as well as a PC terminal for configuration field testing and factory testing Communication is via standard RS232 signals The 245U E is configured as DCE equipme...

Page 17: ...edium is shared only one of the units on the RS485 cable may send data at any a time Therefore communication protocols based on the RS 485 standard require some type of arbitration RS485 is a balanced differential standard but it is recommended that shielded twisted pair cable be used to interconnect modules to reduce potential RFI It is important to maintain the polarity of the two RS485 wires An...

Page 18: ...are not suitable Contact wetting current of approximately 5 mA is provided to maintain reliable operation of driving relays The digital input is connected between the DIO terminal and common COM The I O circuit includes a LED indicator which is green when the digital input is active that is when the input circuit is closed Provided the resistance of the switching device is less than 200 ohms the d...

Page 19: ...nk with the access point that has the strongest radio signal Link Establishment Once a client identifies a suitable access point for link establishment it attempts to establish a link using a two step process authentication and association During authentication the client and access point check if their configurations permit them to establish a link Once the client has been authenticated it will t...

Page 20: ...O Red Digital output is active DIO Off Digital output off and input is open circuit The Ethernet RJ45 port incorporates two indication LEDs The Link LED comes on when there is a connection on the Ethernet port and will blink off briefly when activity is detected on the Ethernet port The 100 MB LED indicates that the connection is at 100 MBit sec The 100 MB LED will be off for 10 MB sec connection ...

Page 21: ...nels The 10 MHz channels orange are similar with half of the energy overlapping into the next channel but you can configure up to 6 x non interfering channels at the same time The 5 MHz channels blue do not overlap so all 13 channels can be used at the same time There is also a single 40 MHz Channel purple that takes up over half of the full 2 4 GHz band and is therefore much more susceptible to i...

Page 22: ...t can output as well as whether the band uses Dynamic Frequency Selection DFS which is explained in the next section Figure 22 5 GHz Channels Dynamic Frequency Selection Because of the push within the 802 11a market to open up new spectrum for unlicensed radio a mechanism called Dynamic Frequency Selection DFS was developed so that the 802 11 Wi Fi could coexist with existing military and telecomm...

Page 23: ...figuration The configuration can be accessed using Microsoft Internet Explorer version 7 or greater This program is shipped with Microsoft Windows or may be obtained freely from the Microsoft website If using other browsers make sure that they are fully compliant with IE7 SSL security NOTE Microsoft Internet Explorer Version 6 will not load webpages due to a compatibility issue between IE6 and SSL...

Page 24: ...lt switch to the SETUP position This will always start the 245U E with Ethernet IP address 192 168 0 1XX subnet mask 255 255 255 0 gateway IP 192 168 0 1 and the radio disabled NOTE Remember to set the switch back to the RUN position and restart the module at the conclusion of configuration for resumption of normal operation 3 Power up the 245U E module 4 On the PC open the Control Panel and then ...

Page 25: ... the IP address selected If the PC uses a proxy server ensure that Internet Explorer will bypass the proxy server for local addresses This option may be modified by opening Tools Internet Options Connections Tab LAN Settings Proxy Server bypass proxy for local addresses 9 Enter the default IP address for the 245U E https 192 168 0 1XX where XX is the last two digits of the serial number 10 Enter t...

Page 26: ... address You can turn off this behavior in IE7 by selecting Tools Internet Options Advanced Security Warn about certificate address mismatch Method 2 Set 245U E Network Address to Match the Local Network For this method you will need to determine what IP address gateway address and netmask to assign to the 245U E so that it appears on your network Ask your system administrator if you do not know t...

Page 27: ... 7 Open Internet Explorer and ensure that settings will allow you to connect to the IP address selected If the PC uses a proxy server ensure that Internet Explorer will bypass the proxy server for local addresses This option may be modified by opening Tools Internet Options Connections Tab LAN Settings Proxy Server bypass proxy for local addresses 8 Enter the IP address for the 245U E into the Int...

Page 28: ... Encryption Radio encryption selection None WPA PSK TKIP WPA PSK AES or WPA2 Refer to 3 7 Security Menu if WEP or enterprise encryption is required WPA Passphrase 128 bit encryption keys are internally generated based on the passphrase and system address ESSID The passphrase must be between 8 and 63 characters long and must be the same for all 245U E units in the same system The default settings w...

Page 29: ...h each other will need the same encryption method and encryption keys The available encryption methods are as follows WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy encryption is the weakest encryption method defined by the original IEEE802 11 standard and uses a 40 bit or 104 bit key with a 24 bit initialization vector to give a 64 bit and 128 bit WEP encryption level WEP is not considered an effective security sc...

Page 30: ...y a draft of the IEEE 802 11i wireless network standard This is the recommended encryption method in most applications WPA2 AES Advanced Encryption Standard is the most secure encryption method and is also based on 128 bit encryption key After changes are made to Network Configuration it is important to save the configuration by clicking Save Changes or by selecting Save Changes and Reset Network ...

Page 31: ...45U E Once the module has completed the reboot sequence all changes are in effect 3 5 Spanning Tree Algorithm The bridge Spanning Tree Protocol function was introduced to handle network loops and provide redundant paths in networks To enable the STP box on any WDS connections that you have configured on the Repeaters configuration page For example consider the network below Figure 29 with a redund...

Page 32: ...e laptop to Station 1 in Figure 30 If the laptop wishes to communicate to Station 1 the DA will be Station 1 the SA will be the laptop and the BSSID will be the access point s MAC address therefore 3 Address mode is used The example in Figure 30 shows that the laptop may need to communicate to the Ethernet device connected to Station 2 You can see that there is now a fourth address laptop access p...

Page 33: ...the main index page and then click Save Changes Available encryption levels are None WEP 64 bit WEP 128 bit WPA PSK TKIP WPA PSK AES WPA2 PSK AES WPA PSK WPA2 PSK Legacy and WPA Enterprise The default setting is None You will now need to go to the Security Menu and enter in the encryption keys WEP and passphrase WPA Figure 31 Security Menu WEP 64 bit and 128 bit Encryption Keys 1 to 4 These are th...

Page 34: ...hen associates with the access point and joins the network WEP Shares Authentication Mode Station sends an authentication request to the access point Access point then sends a text based message to the station Station uses its own WEP key to encrypt the text based message and sends it back to the access point Access point then decrypts the message using its on WEP key and if the key matches it aut...

Page 35: ...ss Port Shared secret Connection information for the RADIUS authentication server Supplicant Re authenticate Period Sets the maximum time at which the Supplicant must re authenticate This parameter determines maximum time a client will still have access to the network after its user credentials have been revoked Enable Debug Must only be used during commissioning and only if requested by ELPRO tec...

Page 36: ... Operation Transparent Network A bridge connects several Ethernet networks together and makes them appear as a single Ethernet network to higher protocol layers By default the 245U E is configured as a transparent bridge When a transparent bridge is started it learns the location of other devices by monitoring the source address of all incoming traffic Initially it forwards all traffic between the...

Page 37: ...ferent radio transmission rates A reduction in rate increases the reliable range transmission distance The factory default data rate settings are suitable for the majority of applications and should only be modified by experienced users NOTE This rate is for transmit messages only The radio can receive on all data rates The 245U E allows for a configurable fixed rate or an Auto radio transmission ...

Page 38: ... used to speed up the access point scanning process of the client radio by only scanning certain channel bands 5 MHz 10 MHz and 20 MHz or automatically scanning all channels Default is 20 MHz Turbo Mode Only for fixed channels No Auto Selecting Turbo Mode doubles the transmit data rate offered on a single channel Maximum data rate up to 108 Mbps Only usable with other ELPRO 245U E A and G modules ...

Page 39: ...based on signal level and channel density Channel can also be manually selected by picking the channel number from the list Available channels 1 11 are 20 MHz channels 41 51 are 10 MHz and channels 21 31 are 5 MHz Turbo channels can are also be selected depending on the country Figure 37 2 4GHz Channel Selection 245U E A Modem 5 GHz 802 11a You can select an individual channel from the list keepin...

Page 40: ...h which antenna port Aux Port Only Messages will be transmitted via the auxiliary RX port only RX Antenna Same as for TX antenna above but for the receiver port Setting to Both Diversity will allow a high gain antenna to be connected to the auxiliary RX port which will give better RX signal gain without increasing the TX gain and possibly pushing it over the regulatory EIRP threshold DTIM Period A...

Page 41: ...or interference Raising the noise floor will block out any receive signal levels below the value configured under Fixed Noise Floor on the Advanced Radio configuration page The value must be entered as a negative dBm number and should be at least 8 dB greater than the weakest RSSI of any connected modems otherwise communications may be lost For example if the interfering noise levels are around 80...

Page 42: ...lick Finish 10 Select properties of this new connection by right clicking the connection 11 On the General tab click Configure 12 Ensure that the maximum speed is 115200 bps and click OK 13 Select the Networking tab and then click Internet Protocol TCP IP in the list box and click Properties 14 On Properties click Advanced 15 On the Advanced TCP IP Settings General tab clear the field in the PPP l...

Page 43: ...ial gateway topologies are shown in Figure 40 Figure 40 Serial Gateway There are software packages available such as SerialIP Redirector by Tactical Software that can create a virtual serial port on a PC This virtual serial port can be configured to connect to a 245U E serial port Standard programs can then be used to access this serial port as if it were actually connected to the PC Alternatively...

Page 44: ...rial Port Configuration RS232 Port Select the desired functionality Select either PPP Serial Gateway or Modbus TCP to RTU Data Rate The serial data rate desired Serial data rates available range from 110 bps to a maximum of 115 200 bps Data Format The data format desired All the standard data formats are supported Flow Control Selects CTS RTS or None RS232 PPP Server Only RS232 Username User name ...

Page 45: ...remote server Serial Gateway Mode Multicast Allows point to multi point serial transfer All members of the group will receive serial transmissions made by any other member of the multicast group Character Timeout Enter the maximum delay in msec between received serial characters before the packet is sent via network Packet Size The number of received bytes that will be buffered before a packet is ...

Page 46: ... Maximum Request Retries Enter the maximum number of request retries performed serially Maximum Connections Enter the maximum number of simultaneous TCP connections to the server allowed 3 13 Multicast Pipe Manager Previously it has been difficult to connect a single TCP device such as a SCADA or DCS system to multiple remote multicast serial devices Multicast pipe allows this type of connection A...

Page 47: ...onfigured via the Transfer webpage As this pin is shared the digital input status will be On when the digital output is set to On The Digital I O channel can be transferred to from another device using Modbus see 3 15 Modbus I O Transfer below or it can be configured to provide status of the module communications If the 245U E disassociates from another unit that is there is no wireless link you c...

Page 48: ...tatus RS485 4306 TCP RTU Modbus server connection status 4307 Multicast pipe connection status 4310 TCP RTU number of connections RS232 4311 TCP RTU number of connections RS485 4312 TCP RTU number of connections Modbus server 4320 On board digital output value read write 4370 On board digital input inverted value read only 4371 Link status read only inverted 4372 Serial gateway connection status R...

Page 49: ...odbus TCP client master and Modbus TCP to RTU gateway Simply specify a Modbus TCP client master connection to a Modbus TCP server where the server is the address of any 245U E with Modbus TCP to RTU gateway enabled Care should be taken to ensure that the device ID Modbus address of the serial device is different than the device ID of the onboard Modbus TCP server of the 245U E to which the serial ...

Page 50: ...h is writing the local 8 I Os starting at register 1 across to server IP address 192 168 0 123 device ID 5 destination reg 1 Additional configuration parameters for unit B are shown in Figure 48 The Modbus TCP client has been enabled with a 500 msec scan rate indicating that there will be a 500 msec delay between each of the mappings directed at any server The Reset Registers on Comms Fail option ...

Page 51: ...he 5F byte BGND Convert the value from hexadecimal to decimal and add a for example 5F 95dB Enabling this option removes the background noise byte from these registers so that only the RSSI value is made available Modbus TCP Client Mappings on I O Transfer Menu Local Register Enter the starting onboard I O register number that the specified Modbus master transaction will transfer I O to from I O C...

Page 52: ...hreshold that is required for the client to change to the new access point In the example shown above the access point RSSI would need to be above 84 dB before it would change over In general the roam changeover threshold should be at least 6 dB otherwise changeovers could occur too frequently Roam Check Interval If a better access point is not found the background scan is repeated every roam chec...

Page 53: ...ution system WDS The 245U E offers very powerful WDS configuration allowing for a mesh network with self healing functionality Alternatively fixed access point to access point links can be configured for optimized throughput Figure 51 WDS Repeaters Each WDS interface can be either a bridge or router interface see 1 0 Network Topology for more information on bridge versus router If you need a simpl...

Page 54: ...you may need to add a routing rule on the Routing configuration page When VLANs are enabled router IP and subnet are ignored and the WDS interface is bridged depending on membership to a VLAN group Spanning Tree Protocol STP column only applies when two or more interfaces are bridged A maximum of 10 WDS connections can be configured A combined maximum of 5 virtual access points and 5 virtual clien...

Page 55: ...r the IP address for this connection that specifies the IP network to which messages are routed Router Subnet Leave this field blank if this WDS interface is to be bridged with the default wireless interface Otherwise enter the subnet mask of the network to which messages are routed STP Applicable to WDS bridged connections only Select the STP option if you wish to enable the bridge Spanning Tree ...

Page 56: ... virtual connection is using the same encryption method WPA PSK AES with a key of Pass Phrase However as in example 1 the encryption method and key can be different for each virtual link or even disabled no encryption Also the Spanning Tree Protocol is disabled because there is no possibility of network loops Example 2 Roaming with WDS Access Points Figure 54 WDS Roaming Another common use for WDS...

Page 57: ...e of the mesh a bridge priority should possibly be configured Bridge priority is used to determine the connection priority when selecting an interface to put into the forwarding state You can assign higher priority values to interfaces that you want spanning tree to select first and lower priority values to interfaces that you want spanning tree to select last If all interfaces have the same prior...

Page 58: ...method Example 4 WDS Routed Network Figure 59 is an example of using WDS router interfaces to achieve a similar physical topology to the WDS bridge example provided earlier In both examples there are four WDS access points each with the possibility of having their own associated client and stations In both examples Sites A B C and D can all exchange data with each other The bridged example has the...

Page 59: ...n addition because Site A does not know how to get to networks 192 168 5 0 and 192 168 6 0 it requires rules to confirm the routing paths A default gateway and one routing rule could be configured but it is easier to configure two routing rules as shown in the example in Figure 61 Figure 61 Site A Routing Rules The first routing rule specifies 192 168 5 0 as the destination with a netmask of 255 2...

Page 60: ...cified destination will be forwarded It is assumed that the next hop router or gateway will then deliver the data to the required destination or forward it on to another router that will Figure 63 Routing Figure 63 illustrates a situation where routing rules may need to be configured In this example the 245U E clients need only specify the access point as their default gateway they require no rout...

Page 61: ...estination host Subnet Mask The subnet mask for the destination network Gateway The IP address of the next hop router for the specified destination Enabled Select this checkbox to enable the rule You can clear the box to disable a routing rule without needing to re enter the information at a later time NOTE Entering dedicated Ethernet routes can also be added to the wired Ethernet LAN in place of ...

Page 62: ...s connected to the 245U E wired Ethernet port that communicate over the wireless link It is particularly important to add the address of the configuration PC to the whitelist Failure to add this address will prevent the configuration PC from making any further changes to configuration Design of the filter may be simplified by monitoring network traffic and forming a profile of traffic on the wired...

Page 63: ... the module and utilize the radio link All other devices are blocked Add Entry Add a row to the table of Mac address filter rules Delete Entry Delete the currently selected MAC address filter rule Enable Select this checkbox to enable the rule Mac Address Enter the desired source MAC address Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory reset is required to activate Save Changes and Reset Save ...

Page 64: ...ome other Network Layer address is known On large networks you tend to get a high proportion of broadcast messages Using ARP filters is useful for reducing broadcast traffic on the wireless network by only allowing ARP requests for known units to pass or by blocking ARP requests for high use addresses Select Blacklist or Whitelist A blacklist will block ARP requests that match the entry A whitelis...

Page 65: ...act as a DNS server for a local network Name to IP address mapping is automatically updated by the built in DHCP server when it issues an IP address to a client unit For the DNS server configuration to be effective each DNS client must be configured with the address of this DNS server as either the primary or secondary DNS secondary DNS is only used if there is no response from the primary DNS Nor...

Page 66: ... disabled and VLAN Aware mode is enabled VLAN Aware Routing Mode Same as VLAN Aware Bridging Mode described above except that VLANs are routed not bridged When a packet is routed from one VLAN to another on a different interface The interfaces can be tagged or untagged and are generally on different subnets Enabling VLANs will allow the module to facilitate a number of possible VLAN topologies suc...

Page 67: ...ll ensure that the module is accessible through any interface VLAN Group Enabling VLAN Aware on the module will require one or more configurable VLAN groups A maximum of up to 10 VLAN groups can be supported Each VLAN group will contain the following configurable parameters and associated functionality Name A textual description of the VLAN group consisting of a maximum of 32 ASCII characters This...

Page 68: ...ntry Interface Select interface from the drop down list to be used for the VLAN group Available interfaces are Ethernet Wireless or one of the 10 WDS Repeater connections that correspond to configured entries on the Repeaters page Type Specifies whether the interface is to support VLAN tagged or untagged frames When untagged is specified all incoming frames on the interface must be untagged and al...

Page 69: ...uration and diagnostics from untagged devices on the VLAN trunk Figure 70 Example 1 Configuration Example 2 Multiple Wireless Interfaces Another very desirable VLAN configuration for a wireless device is to support multiple virtual wireless networks For example consider a corporate facility where separate networks may be provided for a permanent staff b guests and c production network Each of the ...

Page 70: ...ernet Interface that forms a VLAN trunk Untagged data transferred via the first Wireless interface wi0 is internally bridged with the virtual interface VLAN ID 10 Likewise untagged data transferred via the other two WDS repeater interfaces wi1 and wi2 are bridged respectively with VLAN ID 20 and VLAN ID 30 The unique VLAN tags are used for corresponding Ethernet data so that the Ethernet port beco...

Page 71: ...ork Each wireless interface is configured as untagged to allow connection from untagged devices VLAN Group 2 is using the standard wireless interface which is configured from the main Network page while the other two are each using one of the WDS Repeater virtual interfaces VLAN Group 2 is bridging the default wireless interface with the VLAN ID 10 virtual Ethernet interface Configuration of the w...

Page 72: ...nterfaces example above shows that each group is using a different VLAN priority Priorities can be given to each interface by configuring a value between zero and seven seven being the highest priority and one being the lowest These values can be used to prioritize the configured VLAN networks In our example the Production VLAN has the highest priority which means it will have more time slots avai...

Page 73: ... LED will flash The OK LED will turn green when the reset sequence is complete Extending a Wired Network Figure 75 Example Configuration 1 Access Point Configuration 1 Connect a straight through Ethernet cable between the PC and the 245U E 2 Ensure that the configuration of the PC and 245U E are setup to communicate on the same network 3 Set DIP switch to SETUP mode 4 Power up the unit and wait fo...

Page 74: ...cryption is used ensure the encryption keys or passphrase match the access point Client 2 Configuration Perform the same configuration steps as for client 1 above except set the Ethernet and Wireless IP addresses as 192 168 0 202 Connecting Separate Networks Figure 76 Routing LAN A Configuration In this example LAN A is connected to the Internet via a router at IP address 192 168 0 1 Devices on LA...

Page 75: ...2 Set the Ethernet IP address to 192 168 0 200 and the network mask to 255 255 255 0 13 Set the Wireless IP address to 169 254 102 54 and the network mask to 255 255 255 0 14 Select the radio encryption required and enter the encryption keys or passphrase if necessary 15 Set the DIP switch to RUN 16 Click Save to Flash and Reset The webpage displays a message indicating that details are being writ...

Page 76: ...ce Server User Manual Rev Version 2 19 Extending Range Using Repeaters Configure units as described in Extending a Wired Network Place the access point at the remote intermediate repeater location Additional repeaters can be added using Repeaters See 3 17 Repeaters WDS Figure 77 Example Repeaters ...

Page 77: ...nd remains in shutdown until the fault is rectified During module boot up the OK LED flashes red green until the boot sequence is complete Boot Status LED Indication During Startup The OK LED indicates the status of the module during the boot up process At power on the OK LED turns red During kernel boot the OK LED flashes red green at a 1 Hz rate 1 2 second red 1 2 second green During module init...

Page 78: ...ternal noise the radio is able to hear This level does not indicate external radio interference noise level CAPS Capabilities Ref 802 11 Standard Site Survey Site Survey is a one off snapshot showing the access points that are available for connection This list is only available on clients and only available at startup of the module or by selecting Background Scanning on the Radio page Figure 79 C...

Page 79: ...ent channel observe the Percent Busy and Percent Rx on the Custom Survey page If possible also temporarily disable all data transfer on the system If the channel utilization remains high it will confirm the presence of interference Channel Utilization for Channel Selection or RF Path Testing When used on an inactive system channel utilization will indicate how quiet the current channel is and ther...

Page 80: ...ted modem is transmitting The connected modem is receiving valid data from another modem The connected modem has detected RF noise or interference The Channel Survey shows the channel utilization and noise floor graph with 1 second 1 minute and 1 hour periods Figure 80 shows a percent of the overall radio traffic on the channel that is currently being used Figure 80 Channel Utilization Figure 81 s...

Page 81: ...cent channel utilization and noise floor in one hour intervals The screens will only show the last 24 hour period 4 3 Custom Survey Custom Survey is essentially the same as the Channel Survey see the previous section except that the three channel utilizations can be turned on or off to show the different amount of traffic related data Percent Radio TX Any transmitted messages from the radio to oth...

Page 82: ... percent channel utilization using the selected criteria and time interval seconds minutes or hours Example 1 Chart one shows the amount of data that is being transmitted over a Wi Fi link Chart two shows the amount of data being received from all sources Wi Fi and other noise Notice that there is very little outgoing data but a constant stream of data is being received Figure 84 Custom Survey 1 E...

Page 83: ...ernet Modem Device Server User Manual 83 Rev Version 2 19 Figure 85 Custom Survey 2 With this sort of outside interference it is recommended to perform the same test but over a longer period so as to get a clearer indication of channel utilization Figure 86 Channel Utilization ...

Page 84: ... externally because of the additional load placed on the internal microprocessor Even so the throughput results still give an excellent indication of link performance as long as you compare the measured result against the expected result in the table See Appendix D EXTERNAL IPERF TEST for details on running this application externally Internal Throughput Test Before testing ensure that the end nod...

Page 85: ... 9 Mbits per second It is recommended to perform this throughput test a number of times to get a better sample of the overall throughput Figure 90 Iperf Throughput The expected throughput will depend on a number of things including the distance setting selected channel width and whether using the internal Iperf utility or running Iperf externally on a laptop or PC at both ends of the link The foll...

Page 86: ...erference or noise see 4 2 Channel Survey Utilization The following table shows the drop in throughput for each hop and for each of the channel widths Data Throughput based on Repeater Hops Hops 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Signal 20 MHz Channel 10 MHz Channel 5 MHz Channel 1000m Int 10 5 5 3 2 6 1 3 7 5 3 8 1 9 0 9 5 0 2 5 1 3 0 6 1000m Ext 16 8 0 4 0 2 0 10 5 5 3 2 6 1 3 6 0 3 0 1 5 0 8 3000m Int 10 ...

Page 87: ... 900 MHz and client or access point Access Point Beacon Miss Count Number of beacons unable to be sent 100 msec intervals due to interference or CCA Beacon Missed Reset Count After 15 consecutive beacon misses 1 5 seconds this count will increment by 1 This will indicate high interference because the AP is holding off sending beacons and utilization will increase TX Queue stopped because full Mess...

Page 88: ...ion of a filter for the 245U E a simple task 4 6 System Tools The System Tools page has a number of tools that help maintain the module firmware and configuration Configuration Summary This option is used to save all the different configuration pages onto one page for easy viewing The page can also be saved using the File Save As function on the drop File Menu for future reference and for emailing...

Page 89: ...s test It can also be run externally using laptops at either end of the radio link The Iperf Jperf application can be downloaded from http sourceforge net projects iperf All of the above applications measure the raw data throughput From this you can determine the amount of interference from the measured and calculated data throughput levels The way Iperf works is that a server is enabled at one en...

Page 90: ... and the client The configurable remote device IP address should specify the IP address of the access point NOTE The on board Iperf server must be enabled at the access point prior to running this test The throughput test will run through a continuous cycle where data is transferred for 10 seconds followed by 10 seconds of silence The RS485 LED and the DIO LED are used as indicators of the through...

Page 91: ...provided the remote module already has a wireless link established to the local 245U E To perform a remote configuration connect a PC to the local module run Internet Explorer and enter the IP address of the remote unit or device name if using DNS The Configuration page of the remote module will appear and changes can be made NOTE Care must be taken if modifying the configuration of a module remot...

Page 92: ...enter data depending on the number of STAs The remaining interfaces wi1 wi10 will be entered after wi0 data Register 5023 5033 and so on will indicate the starting location for each interface 5014 STA Only Wireless adapter wi0 RSSI and BGND of RX message from the access point for example hexadecimal 5F5D 5D for RSSI and 5F for BGND Convert the value from hexadecimal to decimal and add a For exampl...

Page 93: ...oth Transmitter queue stopped because it is full 4 10 Utilities ping Ping is a basic Internet program that lets you verify that a particular IP address exists and can accept requests Ping is used diagnostically to ensure that a host computer or device that you are trying to reach is actually operating For example if a user cannot ping a host the user will be unable to send files to that host Ping ...

Page 94: ...6 ping t Command This t command is used to repeatedly ping the specified node in the network To cancel press CTRL C A good test for the network once it is first set up is to use ping repeatedly from one PC s IP address to the other PC s IP address This gives a good indication of the network s reliability and how responsive it is from point to point When you enter CTRL C the program reports a packe...

Page 95: ...sing the command ipconfig all command The command ipconfig lists all of the commands and their usages available for use arp Displays and modifies the IP to physical address translation tables used by Address Resolution Protocol ARP Once a remote computer has been pinged this command can be used to see the IP address and MAC address of the remote computer It will also show any other devices on the ...

Page 96: ...ble is shown for the configuration below Access Point Router Settings Client Bridge Settings Gateway IP 192 168 0 1 Gateway IP 192 168 2 51 Ethernet IP 192 168 0 191 Ethernet IP 192 168 2 50 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Wireless IP 192 168 2 051 Wireless IP 192 168 2 50 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Network A Settings Network B Settings IP Address 192 1...

Page 97: ...hernet Port 10 100baseT RJ45 Connector IEEE 802 3 Link Activity Linkc 100baseT via LED Serial Port RS232 DB9 Female DCE RTS CTS DTR DCD RS485 2 Pin Terminal Block Non isolated 6 Data Rate Bps 1200 2400 4800 9600 14400 19200 38400 57600 76800 115200 230400 Bps Serial Settings 7 8 Data Bits Stop Start Parity Configurable Protocols Configuration System Address ESSID 1 31 Character Text String Protoco...

Page 98: ...140 x 30 mm 4 5 x 5 5 x 1 2 Housing Powder Coated Aluminum Mounting DIN Rail Terminal Blocks Removable Max conductor 12 AWG 2 5 mm2 Temperature Rating 40 to 60 C 40 to 140 F Humidity Rating 0 99 RH Non condensing Weight 0 45 kg 1 0 lb Pollution Degree 2 Not sealed not subject to dust dirt condensation Installation Category 2 Transient voltages are not higher than 2 5 kV at 250 Vac supply Altitude ...

Page 99: ...ic over the link from other devices as much as possible If necessary create a temporary separate radio network to perform the upgrade to remote modules Web based Upgrade Web based firmware upgrades are available from the System tools page by selecting Firmware Upgrade A firmware upgrade is performed by uploading a patch file that is specific to the currently installed firmware version If the devic...

Page 100: ... computers without the use of a hub Crossover cables may also be required for connecting a cable or DSL modem to a wireless gateway or access point The cable is wired so that the signals crossover connecting transmit signal on one side to receiver signals on the other CSMA CA Carrier sense multiple access collision avoidance CSMA CA is a listen before talk method of minimizing but not eliminating ...

Page 101: ...2 4 GHz IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers New York www ieee org A membership organization that includes engineers scientists and students in electronics and allied fields IEEE has more than 300 000 members and is involved with setting standards for computers and communications Infrastructure Mode An 802 11 setting providing connectivity to an access point As compared to ad hoc...

Page 102: ...ranslation NAT is a network capability that enables a number of computers to dynamically share a single incoming IP address from a dial up cable or xDSL connection NAT takes the single incoming IP address and creates new IP address for each client computer on the network NIC Network interface card NIC is a type of PC adapter card that either works without wires Wi Fi or attaches to a network cable...

Page 103: ...tartup or permanently assigned All TCP IP messages contain the address of the destination network as well as the address of the destination station This enables TCP IP messages to be transmitted to multiple networks subnets within an organization or worldwide VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol VoIP Voice transmission using Internet Protocol to create digital packets distributed over the Internet Vo...

Page 104: ...02 11a Maximum Radio Transmitter Power Channel Freq MHz Europe Max TX Power Master Europe Max TX Power Slave Australia Max TX Power NZ Max TX Power USA Max TX Power 36 5180 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 17 dBm 40 5200 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 17 dBm 44 5220 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 17 dBm 48 5240 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 17 dBm 52 5260 20 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm 20 dBm 24 dBm 56 5280 20 dBm 20 dB...

Page 105: ...3 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 17 dBm 152 5755 n a n a 26 dBm 26 dBm 26 dBm 160 5795 n a n a 26 dBm 26 dBm 26 dBm 802 11a and TX Power Band Frequency EU South Africa USA Australia New Zealand U NII Band Frequency MHz No DFS DFS No DFS DFS No DFS DFS No DFS DFS 1 5150 5250 200 mW 50 mW 200 mW 200 mW 2 5250 5350 100 mW 500 mW 100 mW 100 mW 3 5470 5725 500 mW 500 mW 250 mW 500 mW 4 5725 5825 4 W 4 W 4 W ...

Page 106: ... your PC 2 Extract the zip file to the ROOT directory C on your PC The extracted folder contains the main Iperf application as well as the Jperf graphical interface 3 Copy the extracted folder to the second PC or download to the second PC and extract as described in steps 1 and 2 Iperf Applications The Iperf Jperf application needs to be run on the PC or laptop at each end of the wireless link tha...

Page 107: ... measured to give an indication of the difference between expected and measured Keep in mind that the theoretical calculations are best case possible results 240U E 245U E G 245U E A 945U E 20Mhz 905U E 805U E 54 Mbps 27Mbps 27Mbps 27Mbps 11 Mbps 5Mbps 5Mbps 5Mbps 5Mbps 1 Mbps 500Kbps 500Kbps 500Kbps 500Kbps 200 Kbps 80Kbps 100 Kbps 40Kbps 78 Kbps 37Kbps 19 2 Kbps 7 8Kbps 6 9Kbps In the command li...

Page 108: ...the Jperf application as shown in Figure 104 The command prompt screen will disappear and the Jperf screen will appear as seen in Figure 105 Figure 104 Jperf Figure 105 Jperf Screen 2 When the Jperf screen appears select the Client option and enter the IP address of the server PC Leave the Port as the default and click Run Iperf The test will run again and the bandwidth throughput display will sho...

Page 109: ...w cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Cooper Bussmann 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem Device Server User Manual 109 Rev Version 2 19 Appendix E DECLARATION of CONFORMITY 245U E A Declaration of Conformity ...

Page 110: ...110 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Cooper Bussmann 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem Device Server User Manual Rev Version 2 19 245U E G Declaration of Conformity ...

Page 111: ...et the source code And you must show them these terms so they know their rights We protect your rights with two steps 1 copyright the software and 2 offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy distribute and or modify the software Also for each author s protection and ours we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software If the ...

Page 112: ... sections when you distribute them as separate works But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it Thus it is not the intent of this section to claim rights ...

Page 113: ...is License and any other pertinent obligations then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all For example if a patent license would not permit royalty free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program If any ...

Page 114: ...IGHT HOLDERS AND OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM AS IS WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING REPAIR OR CORREC...

Page 115: ...www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Cooper Bussmann 245U E Wireless Ethernet Modem Device Server User Manual 115 Notes Rev Version 2 19 ...

Page 116: ...77 US Fax 1 925 924 8502 Online Resources Visit www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources for the following resources and more User Manuals Installation Guides Configuration Software Datasheets Dimensional Drawings North America Latin America 5735 W Las Positas Suite 100 Pleasanton California 94588 USA Telephone 1 925 924 8500 elpro sales cooperindustries com Australia New Zealand Cooper Technology...

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