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BW Broadcast TX1000, Technical Manual

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TX1000 / TX1500

FM Broadcast Transmitter

No part of this manual may be re-produced in any form without prior written permission from BW Broadcast. 

The information and specifications contained in this document is subject to change at any time without notice.

Copyright 2012 BW Broadcast

www.bwbroadcast.com

Technical Manual

v2.1

Summary of Contents for TX1000

Page 1: ... may be re produced in any form without prior written permission from BW Broadcast The information and specifications contained in this document is subject to change at any time without notice Copyright 2012 BW Broadcast www bwbroadcast com Technical Manual v2 1 ...

Page 2: ...is set to ON If you intend to connect a MPX signal to the MPX input BNC connector you will need to move J5 MPX loop through to the OFF position Examples of configurations requiring setting J5 to OFF include Routing the internal MPX signal through an external RDS encoder Connecting an external audio processor or stereo generator to the transmitter Connecting a re broadcast or STL receiver to the tr...

Page 3: ...A guide to the jumpers 2 52 Multiplex Broadband Input 2 53 Stereo 2 54 Mono 2 6 Other Setup Considerations 3 Technical data 3 1 Specifications 3 2 Circuit Description 3 21 Combo board 3 22 LCD control board 3 23 Power amplifier board 3 3 Block Diagram 3 4 Internal Wiring Case Overview 3 5 Schematics 3 51 Combo section 3 511 DSP Limiter section 3 512 Stereo Encoder section 3 513 Exciter section 3 5...

Page 4: ...racy normally only found on expensive test equipment Local and remote personal computer control and metering are achievable via RS232 interface and there s an alarm I O as well The FM modulator section employs a dual speed virtual VFO system for extremely low audio distortion and excellent stereo performance A built in high specification stereo encoder provides crystal clear stereo sound and combi...

Page 5: ...ble for any cost resulting from such a modification adaptation Free inspections and maintenance repair work are expressly excluded from this warranty in particular if caused by improper handling of the product by the user This also applies to defects caused by normal wear and tear in particular of faders potentiometers keys buttons and similar parts Damages defects caused by the following conditio...

Page 6: ... device complies with the requirements of the 1995 5 EC Radio and Telecommuni cations Terminal Equipment R TTE The equipment will meet or exceed the following standards EN 60215 1996 Safety Requirements for Radio Transmitting Equipment EN 301 489 11 ERM EMC for Radio Equipment Part 11 Specific Conditions for FM Transmitters EN 302 018 2 ERM Transmitting Equipment for FM Radio Broadcasting service ...

Page 7: ...he antenna to the RF output connector on the back of the transmitter 3 Connect the left and right program audio signals to the XLR input connectors on the back of the transmit ter 4 Plug the power cord into the power supply module on the rear panel of the transmitter 5 Once the transmitter is operating set the correct carrier frequency from the front panel this can also be locked and set internall...

Page 8: ...nnect the Baseband MPX output on the back of the transmitter to the MPX input of the RDS encoder 8 Connect the MPX output of the RDS encoder to the MPX input on the back of the transmitter 9 Plug the power cord into the power supply module on the rear panel of the transmitter 10 Once the transmitter is operating set the correct carrier frequency from the front panel this can also be locked and set...

Page 9: ...r is operating set the correct carrier frequency from the front panel this can also be locked and set internally 9 Adjust the desired power output level using front panel Check reflect ed power is OK 10 Check the modulation level if the modulation level is low adjust the MPX output level on your audio processor or stereo generator and or the MPX input level on the back of the transmitter The maxim...

Page 10: ...on the rear panel of the transmitter 9 Once the transmitter is operating set the correct carrier fre quency from the front panel this can also be locked and set inter nally 10 Adjust the desired power output level using front panel Check reflected power is OK 11 Check the modulation level if the modulation level is low adjust the MPX output level on your audio processor or stereo genera tor RDS en...

Page 11: ...ower cord into the power supply module on the rear panel of the transmitter 10 Once the transmitter is operating set the correct carrier fre quency from the front panel this can also be locked and set internally 11 Adjust the desired power output level using front panel Check reflected power is OK 12 Check the modulation level if the modulation level is low adjust the MPX output level on your audi...

Page 12: ...nnector pinout Pin 1 18V DC 200mA Pin 2 RF Mute Pin 3 RF failure alarm TTL Pin 4 PLL failure alarm TTL Pin 5 MOD failure alarm TTL Pin 6 GND Pin 7 RF failure alarm OC Pin 8 PLL failure alarm OC Pin 9 MOD failure alarm OC XLR Audio input connectors 17 18 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 14 15 16 14 Modulation monitor output buffered multiplex nominally 3V peak to peak for 75kHz 15 VSWR and temperature fault...

Page 13: ...to the carrier of between 12 5 kHz and 112 5 kHz Note that setting the switch on 8 or 9 will have the same effect as setting the previous switch 100 kHz 1 position higher as 8 rep resents 100 kHz on the 12 5 kHz switch 8 x 0 125MHz 0 1MHz 100kHz The LCD display on the front panel will display the frequency that you have set on the internal switches If you try to adjust the frequency with the front...

Page 14: ...ovide adjustment of the R F power down from that maximum power set point This can be desir able in transmitter hire situations where you wish to govern the maximum output to a fixed level but to allow the customer hirer of the transmitter to run the power of the transmitter at a lower level if they so decide The maximum power set is positioned to the lower left of the LCD screen on some models oth...

Page 15: ...f the fault condition exists for sixty seconds or more You will need to reset the trans mitter to clear the alarm s or you can do it via RS232 connection MODULATION FAILURE The Modulation failure alarm will be set if during normal operation the peak deviation of the transmitter drops and remains below 16 kHz The 16 kHz alarm level allows the alarm to be set if the audio feed to the transmitter fai...

Page 16: ...quency and PLL locked condi tion The up and down buttons will allow 100 kHz frequency steps from 87 5 to 108Mhz if the internal switches are set to 4440 If the frequency is set internally with the rotary switches then the up down buttons will give a not allowed message Peak deviation This display indicates the peak and average deviation Peak deviation is shown both numerically and as a moving sing...

Page 17: ...on icon from either location Running the application When started the application will resemble the picture to the right The application can connect to any COM port currently available on your com puter that is running the application Connect a serial cable between the RS232 connector on the rear of the transmitter and one of your computers COM ports If you are using a codec or other STL device th...

Page 18: ...etecting an erroneous key press such as R F mute and causing a service affecting problem After performing a function you may need to press the Enter key to see a response to your function For example If you pressed o for R F Mute you would not see the effect of the R F power change until you refreshed the screen again because the terminal win dow would still be showing the transmitters R F power f...

Page 19: ...ble and can be set up to support various modes of operation The mode of opera tion is set by the configuration of the internal jumpers This chapter provides a guide to the various jumpers followed by a brief description of the main modes of opera tion The advanced setup procedure pages that follow provide a little more information on each mode as well as providing some information on setting the e...

Page 20: ...ill produce the appropriate 6dB per octave treble boost curve There are two different standards in use worldwide In Europe and Africa the standard is normally 50 µs This represents a lift of about 3dB at 3 kHz and 10dB at 10 kHz In the Americas and in Japan more boost is in use with a network of 75 µs about 3dB up at 2 kHz The effects of pre emphasis The absence of any pre emphasis will result in ...

Page 21: ...lerts stereo FM receivers to the need to switch on their stereo decoders The presence of a pilot tone is all that is required for the stereo beacon to light on a receiver If no 19kHz tone is received the receiver will operate in mono It will not decode any L R information modulated on the 38 kHz subcarrier even when it is still present To make sure that no 38 kHz energy is generated during mono op...

Page 22: ...hannel input Essentially the same as the stereo mode except the stereo pilot is disabled which will enable receivers to receive you in mono You can provide one audio feed to the transmitter via the left balanced input See loopthrough mode below JUMPERS J5 ON J6 MONO DSW1 ON OFF DSW2 50 75 DSW3 MONO DSW4 8 OFF ON Loopthrough mode The transmitter has been provided with a multiplex output socket to p...

Page 23: ... with external limiters in operation We leave that up to you For safety purposes you may wish to leave the clippers on the limiter and the 15 kHz filters in to provide extra protection when you are unsure of the peak output characteristics of the external piece of equipment When you know that the piece of audio processing equipment is band limited to 15 kHz and peak limited you can leave out the c...

Page 24: ...anel multiplex control to keep your maximum deviation at 75 kHz 2 54 Mono Mono from one channel input You can provide one audio feed to the transmitter via the left balanced input This has the advantage of supplying two exact audio signals to the stereo encoder section that will in turn cancel the stereo subcarrier leaving only a pure mono signal with content falling to zero above 15 kHz Mono from...

Page 25: ...xternal equipment and the output of the external equipment back into the multiplex input socket If the external equipment is not unity gain you may have to readjust the multiplex input gain slightly to take account for any gain differences Most loopthrough designed equipment is unity gain to make setup and use as simple as possible FREQUENCY FINE TUNE WARNING ADVANCED TECHNICIANS ONLY While the fr...

Page 26: ... 1500W continuous 7 16 DIN 50 Ohm better than 88 dBc 90 dBc 87 5 108 MHz 100 kHz from LCD or 12 5 kHz from internal switches Internal switches or LCD system Dual speed phase locked loop 500 Hz fine adjustment available BNC MPX input level 10 dB to 10 dB adjustable MPX input response 0 3 dB 5 Hz to 100 kHz Direct frequency modulation 0 31 at normal deviation 0 18 at centre frequency of 97 7MHz Micr...

Page 27: ...anel The balanced audio signals are fed to IC14 and IC13 which are configured as differential amplifiers to convert the balanced inputs to unbalanced for the rest of the limiters circuitry The output from the differential op amps feed an oversampled ADC IC15 The digital input feeds into an AES EBU decoder chip IC12 with built in SRC via an isolating transform er TR1 The backpanel input source swit...

Page 28: ...al outputs from the PLL chip and creates a DC voltage to apply to the frequency determining component varicap diode VD1 The main time constant in the loop filter is formed by resistor R4 driving C67 and R5 driving C129 The high resistance of R4 and R5 allows slow charging of C67 and C129 from the PLL chip The DC voltage derived from the output of the op amp will be slow to change in response to th...

Page 29: ...ta bus of the LCD display The data byte on PORTD can be latched into the LCD display by the LCD control bits on PORTC PORTE 3 bits has the remaining A D inputs Bit 0 is the PA volts Bit 1 is the Rev RF power and bit 2 is for the PA temperature The microcontrollers software reads all the analogue voltages converts and displays them where neccessary and outputs alarm signals in the event of a transm...

Page 30: ... two independant 12V fan outputs via the screwless terminal connector CON1 and is filtered by the two capacitors C1 and C2 D to IDC Board The 25 way D type connector J2 interfaces with the 25 Way D type J1 on the D to IDC PCB Each pin on the D type is filtered individually with SMT capacitors C1 C25 with 10 pins running to the Controller Board and the remaining 15 carrying the 50V line to power th...

Page 31: ... ohm input impedance is distributed to two branches via a bridge consisting of two quarter length 70 Ohm lines In each branch a RTF3 RTF4 impedance matching balun provides an unbalanced to balanced connection to the two gates of gemini packaged FET transistor T1 T2 Transistors are biased through R9 R17 VR1 VR2 R1 R2 R5 and R6 In case of excessive VSWR a sniffed signal from the output combiner comi...

Page 32: ...BW Broadcast technical manual Page 32 Technical data 3 3 BLOCK DIAGRAM ...

Page 33: ...B RF Mon BNC Mod Mon BNC LCD Board COMBO BOARD FAN FAN 7 16 Socket IEC Socket BNC BNC XLR XLR BusBar 9 Pin D Types Alarms RS232 DOUBLE PALLET AMP DOUBLE PALLET AMP INPUT SPLITTER 15W DRIVER BOARD SEMI RIGID COAX PA Controller PCB AUDIO INPUT LIMITER SECTION STEREO ENCODER SECTION CONTROL POWER EXCITER SECTION OUTPUT COMBINER FILTER VSWR 16 WY RIBBON 10 WAY RIBBON ...

Page 34: ...BW Broadcast technical manual Page 34 Technical data 3 51 COMBO BOARD SCHEMATICS 3 511DSP Limiter section ...

Page 35: ...BW Broadcast technical manual Page 35 Technical data 3 512 Stereo encoder section ...

Page 36: ...BW Broadcast technical manual Page 36 Technical data 3 513 PLL exciter section ...

Page 37: ...BW Broadcast technical manual Page 37 Technical data 3 514 Digital Input section ...

Page 38: ...BW Broadcast technical manual Page 38 Technical data 3 52 LCD CONTROL BOARD ...

Page 39: ...RESENT V_SB RETURN V_SB RETURN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 22 23 24 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 70 69 CON1 FCI CON R1 A K D1 C2 CTR CTR CTR 1 2 J1 A K D2 1 2 3 J2 A K D3 I_SHARE I_SHARE I2C ADR0 Vout SENSE V_SB OUT I2C ADR1 Vout SENSE I2C ADR2 I2C DATA I2C ADR0 Vout SEN...

Page 40: ...3 22 14 21 15 20 16 19 17 18 36 35 EDGE 50 V VIN R5 A K D2 PSU_CTRL PSU_CTRL 12V C6 R1 C4 T TH C5 LM2587 ADJ Comp 1 Feedback 2 GND 3 Switch 4 Vin 5 REG2 R8 C7 R9 1 2 D3 R10 L2 C8 C9 C10 12V 24V 12V 50 V VIN PS_KILL 1 14 2 15 3 16 4 17 5 18 6 19 7 20 8 21 9 22 10 23 11 24 12 25 13 J2 50 V VIN 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 5 10 J3 18V VI 3 VO 1 GND 2 REG 3 24V 18V PSU_CTRL C11 1 2 J5 PS_KILL 1 6 2 7 3 8 4 9 5 J1 ...

Page 41: ...BW Broadcast technical manual Page 41 Technical data 3 533 Fan Connector Board 1 6 2 7 3 8 4 9 5 J1 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 J2 C2 C1 ...

Page 42: ...6 4 17 5 18 6 19 7 20 8 21 9 22 10 23 11 24 12 25 13 J1 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24 C25 e o n m k l p t s r q j a a b b c c d d e e f f g g h h i i j j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y u v w x y 50V y x w v u t s r q p o n m l L1 i d c b a h g f 50V TO LCD ...

Page 43: ...PA CTRL 3 2 1 VR1 R4 C10 PA V 3 2 1 8 4 IC3 A 5 6 7 8 4 IC3 B C11 C4 R16 R14 R18 R25 R15 R17 R19 R20 R21 TEMP V R1 R2 C9 C6 C16 C17 FWD REV AUX AUX AUX 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 CON3 REV FWD REV FWD TEMP TEMP PACNT PAV PACNT PAV C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 R26 R27 R28 C23 AUX R32 R33 R34 D5 D6 D7 AUX PACNT R29 C24 R30 C25 REV SWR IN FWD SWR IN 3 2 1 VR3 R31 R35 DESIGN TITLE DRAWN BY CREATED PAGE 22 04 08 1 1 R...

Page 44: ...7 L1 C1 R1 R2 1 2 D1 VIN C2 C4 R9 A K D2 3 1 2 VR1 R5 R4 C6 5 1 2 3 4 CON2 5 1 2 3 4 CON1 C3 C8 C9 L2 L3 T1 L5 L4 R3 C5 C10 C11 C12 L6 L7 C13 C14 C15 R6 PLL LOCK 5 1 2 3 4 CON2 Optional filter stage FB1 DESIGN TITLE DRAWN BY CREATED PAGE 600W Amp Driver Board 28 05 08 1 1 I S REV 1 4 D E I F I D O M E L T I T T E E H S 02 22 99 FILENAME ...

Page 45: ...2 1 VR1 C1 C8 FB1 C10 1 2 D1 1 2 D2 C5 R9 RF OUT1 C7 C6 R3 R4 C15 1 3 5 2 4 T2 RFT4 RFT2 PCB2 PCB R6 R5 3 2 1 VR2 C4 C11 FB2 C9 1 2 D3 1 2 D4 C14 R17 RF OUT2 C12 C13 R7 R8 C18 R18 R19 R20 R21 5 1 2 3 4 CON1 R13 1 2 D5 1 2 D6 3 2 1 VR3 Passive VSWR 1 PWR 50V PWR 50V RF IN2 RF IN1 1 2 D7 1 2 D8 C16 C17 Passive VSWR 2 R10 R11 R12 R16 R15 R14 V 3 V 2 ADJ 1 TEMP C19 Temp Signal PCB and Assembly Compone...

Page 46: ...R10 A K D6 R7 VSWR LED INDICATOR 2 VSWR LED INDICATOR 1 1 2 D7 1 2 D5 RF Output RF INPUT RF INPUT RF Sense RF Sense RF Sense OUTPUT FILTER RF Sense 1 2 7 16 R6 R1 A K D4 R12 VSWR PROTECTION R13 VSWR Return A K D11 R14 A K D9 R11 VSWR LED INDICATOR 4 VSWR LED INDICATOR 3 1 2 D12 1 2 D10 RF INPUT RF INPUT RF Sense RF Sense RF Sense Combiner Power Resistors 3 538 Output Combiner ...

Page 47: ...R20 R28 R68 R74 R77 R103 R104 R107 R108 R112 R114 4K7 0 1W 0805 Thick Film Resistor 1 1 R21 34K8 0 1W 0805 Thick Film Resistor 1 6 R22 R25 R43 R45 R48 R97 100R 0 1W 0805 Thick Film Resistor 1 3 R24 R36 R38 220R 0 1W 0805 Thick Film Resistor 1 1 R26 330R 0 1W 0805 Thick Film Resistor 1 2 R29 R37 22R 0 1W 0805 Thick Film Resistor 1 1 R32 68R 0 1W 0805 Thick Film Resistor 1 2 R34 R83 1M 0 1W 0805 Thi...

Page 48: ...115 C118 C122 C124 C128 C138 C147 C1 49 C150 C153 C155 C157 C163 100nF 0805 Multi layer Ceramic 50V X7R Capacitor 2 C7 C46 100pF 0805 Multi layer Ceramic 50V C0G NP0 Capacitor 2 C14 C154 12pF 0805 Multi Layer Ceramic 50V C0G NP0 Capacitor 5 C33 C34 C92 C112 C117 22pF 0805 Multi layer Ceramic 50V C0G NP0 Capacitor 8 C35 C37 C130 C133 C137 100nF 0603 Multi layer Ceramic 50V X7R Capacitor 4 C38 C148 ...

Page 49: ... Speed Switching Diode SOD 323 Package 1 D21 1N4001 SSot 6 1A 50V Miniature Plastic Diode 1 D22 Generic Zener Diode 3 3V 400mW SOD323 Package 1 J1 8 Pin 2 54mm Pitch SIL Straight PCB Mount Header 2 J2 J7 5 Pin 2 54mm Pitch SIL Straight PCB Mount Header 6 J3 J5 J6 J8 J10 3 Pin 2 54mm Pitch SIL Straight PCB Mount Header 1 J4 6 Pin 2 54mm Pitch SIL Straight PCB Mount Header 2 J11 J12 4 Pin 2 54mm Pit...

Page 50: ...rame Cermet Trimmer 1 VR3 10k 3 4IN Bourns 3006P Horizontal Cermet Trmmer 1 VR4 10K 4mm SMT Bournes 3314J Closed Frame Cermet Trimmer 1 X1 10 000MHz HC 49 S SMT Crystal 1 X2 4 9152MHZ HC49S SMD Crystal 30 50 10 60 30 ESR 30 1 X3 4 864MHz HC 49 S Surface Mount Crystal 1 L1 114 MC120 Toko Radial Inductor Space Wound with Can 1 L2 110 MC141 Toko Radial Inductor Close Wound with Can 1 L3 1mH 5 SMD 080...

Page 51: ... Metal Film 1 CR12 6 R3 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 820R 1 8 W Metal Film 1 CR12 2 R4 R5 390R 1 8 W Metal Film 1 CR12 1 R6 10k 1 8 W Metal Film 1 CR12 1 R21 4k7 1 8 W Metal Film 1 CR12 1 R23 R24 4R7 1 8 W Metal Film 1 CR12 1 R25 1K 1 8 W Metal Film 1 CR12 1 VR3 200R Bourns 3296 W 3 8in 1 VR1 500R Bourns Minipot 1 VR2 100k Minipot Spectrol 63M 1 Reg1 7805 7805CV 1A VOLTAGE REGULATOR 1 IC1 40 Pin 40 Pin PIC16F...

Page 52: ...c Plate 2 54mm Pitch 1 C7 330nF Polycarbonate 2 54mm Pitch 5 C4 C6 C9 C16 C17 100nF Ceramic Y5V Capacitor 2 5mm Pitch 2 C8 C12 100nF Ceramic Y5V Capacitor 5mm Pitch 2 D1 D3 UF5401F UF5401F Diode 1 D2 5mm LED 5mm Green LED 1 Reg1 LM2576HVT ADJ Voltage Reg High Voltage 1 Reg2 LM2577 ADJ Voltage Reg 1 Reg3 LM7818 Voltage Reg 1 L1 220uH 220uH Inductor 1 L2 100uH DVE SLR104 1 J1 9 Way 9 Way Straight PC...

Page 53: ...stor 1 C1 NOTUSED SMT Capacitor 4X5 4mm 15 C2 C4 C6 C9 C16 C18 C21 100nF 100N 0805 50V Y5V Capacitor 1 C16 1uF 0805 SMT Capacitor 2 C5 C7 1nF 0805 SMT Capacitor 1 C8 10uF SMT Capacitor 4X5 4mm 1 C17 NOTUSED 0805 SMT Capacitor 1 C22 NOTUSED 0805 SMT Capacitor 1 C23 NOTUSED 0805 SMT Capacitor 1 C24 47uF SMT Electrolytic Capacitor 1 C25 2n2 0805 SMT Capacitor 3 D5 D7 NOTUSED SMT Diode 3 IC1 IC3 CA324...

Page 54: ... C10 560pF Ceramic disc capacitors 1 C6 39pF Low K ceramic plate capacitor 1 C7 100uF 63V Radial electrolytic capacitor 1 C8 47pF Ceramic disc capacitor 1 C9 82pF Low K ceramic plate capacitor 1 C11 220nF Polyester Capacitor 0 C13 C15 Not fitted Ceramic disc capacitor 1 FB1 Axial Bead inductor 1 L1 330uH Choke Inductor 1 L2 1 5t S18 Toko Inductor 1 L3 Loop Wire Loop Inductor 1 L4 2 5t S18 Toko Ind...

Page 55: ...or 2 FB1 FB2 1H SMT Ferrite Bead 11 4 x 6 5mm 6 D1 D6 BLU LED SMT Blue LED 2 D7 D8 Not fitted SMT Blue LED 2 T1 T2 BLF278 BLF278 Transistor 1 CON1 CONN H2 MCX Connector 2 PCB1 PCB2 PCB PCB Feedback Inductor 1 PCB3 PCB 2 RFT1 RFT2 4 1 SemiRigid Coax CCW 2 RFT3 RFT4 PCB PCB Transformer 1 TEMP LM335Z 3 638 Output Combiner Qty Reference Value Description 2 R1 R6 4K7 4K7 0805 Resistor 4 R2 R5 R8 R12 11...

Page 56: ...www bwbroadcast com ...

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