BRUEL & KJAER 2209 Instructions And Applications Download Page 20 | Manualshive

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Summary of Contents for 2209

Page 1: ...09 A compact and portable instrument for precision sound and vibration measur ements It conforms to IEC 179 for Precision Sound Level Meters the proposed IEC Recommendation for Impulse Precision Sound Level Meters and to DIN 45 633 parts 1 and 2 ...

Page 2: ...x Modulus Apparatus VIBRATION TESTING Exciter Controls Sine Exciter Controls Sine Random Exciter Equalizers Random or Shock Exciters Power Amplifiers Programmer Units Stroboscopes STRAIN MEASUREMENTS Strain Gauge Apparatus Multi point Panels Automatic Selectors MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS Voltmeters and Ohmmeters Deviation Bridges Measuring Amplifiers Band Pass Filter Sets Frequency Analyzers Real Ti...

Page 3: ... IMPULSE PRECISION SOUND LEVEL _ METER TYPE 2209 From serial no 934190 Revision June 1981 ...

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Page 5: ...rometer Calibrator Type 4291 direct reading in vibration units 21 Calibration using Internal Reference Voltage direct reading in vibration units 22 Calibration using Accelerometer Calibrator Type 4291 meter reading in dB 23 Calibration using Internal Reference Voltage meter reading in dB 24 3 6 VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS 25 General 25 Procedure for Vibration Measurements 25 3 7 CONVERSION OF RESULTS I...

Page 6: ...IT 33 4 5 CREST FACTOR CAPABILITIES 33 4 6 INPUT CAPACITANCE 35 4 7 INPUT STAGE CONNECTIONS 35 5 ACCESSORIES 36 6 USE WITH OTHER INSTRUMENTS 37 6 1 GENERAL 37 6 2 LEVEL RECORDERS 37 AC Recording 37 DC Recording 37 6 3 TAPE RECORDERS 39 6 4 DIGITAL RECORDERS 39 ...

Page 7: ...ble meter scales for true flexibility The impulse and peak mea suring abilities assure accurate mea surement of signals such as exhaust noise and repetitive impulses which have a high peak value compared to their RMS level The Type 2209 can measure with either Impulse or with peak hold to suit the various dif ferent national standards The wide frequency range of the 2209 gives the option of being ...

Page 8: ...mpulse sou nds having a rise time shorter than 125 ms Some national standards specify the use of impulse sound level meters to evaluate hearing loss risk due to impulse noise Bruel KjCEr offers a variety of microphones for special require ments For measuring very high noise levels use a 1I 4 or 118 inch microphone For sound power meas urements in reverberant rooms use a 11 2 inch Condenser Microph...

Page 9: ... 161 3 or Third Octave Filter Set Type 161 6 attaches directly to the sound level meter and connects electrically by a convenient connecting bar The 161 3 contains 11 octave filters with center frequencies from 31 5Hz to 31 5kHz It features re cessed adjustable attenuation con trol for each filter so the user can normalize the read out of all filters to one convenient instrument read ing when cali...

Page 10: ...66 UA 0386 ZR 0020 UA 0588 AO 0027 KE 0055 JP 0028 A wide selection of accessory equipment is available to expand 4 AUDIOMETER CALIBRATION Artificial Ear Artificial Ear Artificial Mastoid Microphone Extension Cable AD 0027 must be used 4153 1 Wind Screen UA 0207 JJ 4152 4930 DB 1021 Plug Adaptor JP0028 Jl 41 1 L1lli 1613 AQ 0183 1616 AQ 0184 1621 AQ 0034 2 t00_34_ t UiJ 2306 Random 1 1 2 Two Chann...

Page 11: ...tion Turn fully clockwise for 2 Hz cut off when Fig 8 Maximum pennissible input voltage with different lengths of extension cable as a function of frequency measuring infrasonic noise or low frequency acceleration Amplifier The input and output amplifiers are each preceded by an attenuator the settings being controlled by two concentric range selectors on the front panel of the instrument A ref er...

Page 12: ...ther positive or ne Meter Ampl ifier and Hold Circu it Batt Rec Meter AC Output DC Output 112239 1 gative peaks having durations as short as 50 J 1S and they continue to flash for about one second after overload Detector The RMS detector can measure signals with crest factors as high as 40 i e 32 dB peaks above RMS le vel The detector provides three time constants Impulse Fast and Slow in accordan...

Page 13: ...cumentation so users can plan in terconnections with other instru ments and predict system noise in vibration acoustic and electromag Specifications 2209 netic environments This documen tation eventually proves to be invalu able in most measurement pro grams Specifications refer to 2209 with Extension Rod UA 0196 and Microphone 4165 unless otherwise stated Measuring Ranges Microphone Max Type No L...

Page 14: ...st and Slow Crest Factor Capability 10 at FSD increasing to 40 at 12 dB below FSD Meter Accuracy For crest factors up to 10 0 5 dB from FSD to 12 dB below FSD 1 dB from 12 dB to 20 dB below FSD These limits are increased by 0 5 dB for crest factors between 10 and 20 and by 1 dB for crest factors between 20 and 40 PEAK in pas Peak Hold Rise Time 20JJS Meter Accuracy 0 5 dB from FSD to 12 dB below F...

Page 15: ...nuator Transparent Input Overload External Filter In External Filter Out Weighting Network Switch Fig 2 1 Microphone 13 Extension Rod UA 0196 Input Attenuator Black Output Overload Meter Reset Meter Scale Power 770114 Front view of 2 209 9 ...

Page 16: ...Batt Rec Battery check position If the meter needle deflection is below the red area the batteries must be replaced If the meter needle deflection is on the red block the instrument may be used for a short time before battery replacement is necessary A higher meter needle deflection indicates sufficient battery power Slow Provides a Slow meter response See Fig 12 in Chapter 1 Fast Provides a Fast ...

Page 17: ...n inside the red lines when the appropriate ATTENUATOR SCALE is fitted The lower scale red is used for calibration of the in strument using the sensitivity of the accelerometer see section 3 5 3 which is found on its individual calibration chart The Battery check scale is the same as the one on the other side of the METER SCALE METER MECHANICAL ZERO ADJUSTMENT The screw head just below the METER S...

Page 18: ...rmit direct reading of virtually any sound vibration or voltage unit within the range of the instrument The SCALES are changed by un screwing the large screw in the centre of the attenuator knobs with a coin or a large screwdriver and removing the transparent knob Ensure that the small cut out in the SCALE by the Ref mark is correctly lo cated over the pin in the black knob and then refit the tran...

Page 19: ...nto a load of not less than 10 kO With the METER SWITCH set to Slow Fast Imp Imp Hold or Peak Hold the output is 0 5 V RMS for full scale deflection with an output imped ance of 600 n and any load may be applied without affecting the me ter reading These output voltages are open circuit values and are suit able for use with a Tape Recorder etc Accepts plug JP 0006 or cable AO 0007 etc There are tw...

Page 20: ... 14 The 2209 is powered by three st ndard torch batteries D cells or Type R 20 in IEC Publi cation 86 2 Access to the batteries is gained by sliding the rear cover off the instru ment The batteries should be inserted with polarities as shown in the battery compart ment See Fig 3 1 Fig 3 1 Battery compartment of 2209 Good quality dry cells give an operating time of 8 hours while alkaline cells such...

Page 21: ...ns Fig 3 2 Input socket of 2209 showing switch 3 2 3 Mounting the Microphone There are several methods of mounting the microphone which will be outlined below See also Fig 6 of Chapter 1 However there are one or two general considerations which will be mentioned first When connecting or disconnecting the microphone en sure that the instrument power is turned off In dry weather it is recommended th...

Page 22: ... acoustic calibrator effectively a miniature loudspeaker placed over the microphone or using the built in reference volt age in the instrument The acoustical method has the advantage that it checks the en tire instrument including the microphone and so is the preferred method When the in strument is first received it is a useful check to calibrate it by both methods these should agree to within ab...

Page 23: ...bration with microphones other than Type 4165 The 2209 may be used with one inch half inch quarter inch and eighth inch B K condenser microphones When using quarter inch or eighth inch microphones see also section 4 6 Using the microphone sensitivity mV Pa from its calibration chart select and insert the correct ATIENUATOR SCALE as shown in Table 3 1 Apart from the choice of adaptor for the acoust...

Page 24: ...sponse The instrument warm up time is 30 s 5 Set the WEIGHTING NETWORK SWITCH to Lin Weighted positions must not be used for this 2 kHz reference voltage 6 Set the ATTENUATOR switches to Ref between the red lines 7 Adjust the GAIN ADJ potentiometer with a small screwdriver to give a meter needle deflection on the red MICA SENS scale upper scale or lower scale as shown in Table 3 1 equal to the Ope...

Page 25: ...T OVERLOAD lamp on Remember to depress the METER RESET button if a Hold position is used 6 Select the required position of the WEIGHTING NETWORK SWITCH 7 If the meter needle now over deflects reduce the gain by turning the OUTPUT AT TENUATOR transparent clockwise or if this is not possible turn the INPUT ATTENU ATOR black anticlockwise to give a meter reading in the measuring range i e be tween 0 ...

Page 26: ...ed to its Vibration Meter side and the cor rect ATTENUATOR SCALE inserted acceleration and velocity and displacement if the ZR 0020 is used may be read directly from the instrument in vibration units ms 2 ms 1 m in metric units or g in s 1 in in Imperial units This is described in sec tions 3 5 2 3 5 3 and 3 6 2 Adaptor JJ 2615 Adaptor JJ 2614 Adaptor DB 0962 Adaptor JP 0028 Fig 3 3 Connection of ...

Page 27: ...tion chart as indicated in Table 3 2 3 Set the lower limiting frequency as required see section 3 2 2 4 Mount the accelerometer on the 4291 see the 4291 Instruction Manual and con nect it to the 2209 using one of the methods shown in Fig 3 3 If an Integrator is used set it to the required position Ace Vel or Disp Accelerometer 8 K Ace Vel Disp Sensitivity Accelerometer Type ms 2 g ms 1 in s 1 m in...

Page 28: ... value of the vibration level will be stored and displayed A separate calibration and a different ATIENUATOR SCALE are neces sary for each different parameter or measurement unit 3 5 3 Calibration using the Internal Reference Voltage direct reading in vibration units 22 The stable internal voltage 0 2 dB at 2kHz in the 2209 may also be used for calibra tion to give direct readings in vibration uni...

Page 29: ...717 1 1 12 1 7 v 77 1 1 1 1 1 1 v f 15 V 1 L I v 1 1 v 1 1 20 i I 1 t 1 25 1 1 8 r I 1 2H I 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2 3 4 dB Sensitivity Correction 272074 Fig 3 4 Accelerometer Sensitivity Correction Chart The 2209 is now calibrated so that direct meter readings RMS values may be made of the parameter required in the desired units Subsequent selection of for example Peak Hold will of course mean th...

Page 30: ...The level in vibration units may be calculated as explained in sec tion 3 7 1 or 3 7 2 Selection of for example Peak Hold after calibration will of course mean that the peak value of the vibration level will be stored and displayed 3 5 5 Calibration using the Internal Reference Voltage meter reading in dB 24 The stable internal voltage 0 2 dB at 2kHz in the 2209 may also be used for calibra tion t...

Page 31: ...or the measurement of maximum acceleration which is an important quantity in the investigation of materials fatigue 3 6 2 Procedure for Vibration Measurements 1 Calibrate the 2209 by one of the methods described in section 3 5 including the battery check selection of lower limiting frequency etc 2 Mount the accelerometer on the test object using one of the methods described in its Instruction Manu...

Page 32: ... tions in the upper 2 3 of the scale but for signals with a very high crest factor readings may be made at a smaller needle deflection to avoid errors due to output overload If the OUTPUT OVERLOAD lamp alone flashes the signal crest factor ex ceeds the instrument s capabilities at that ATTENUATOR setting If the overload can not be removed while maintaining a sensible meter reading the reading will...

Page 33: ... 4 898 4 955 14 5 012 5 070 5 129 5 188 5 248 5 309 5 370 5 433 5 495 5 559 15 5 623 5 689 5 754 5 821 5 888 5 957 6 026 6 095 6 166 6 237 16 6 310 6 383 6 457 6 531 6 607 6 683 6 761 6 839 6 918 6 998 17 7 079 7 161 7 244 7 328 7 413 7 499 7 586 7 674 7 762 7 852 18 7 943 8 035 8 128 8 222 8 318 8 414 8 511 8 610 8 710 8 810 19 8 913 9 016 9 120 9 226 9 333 9 441 9 550 9 661 9 772 9 886 073010 Ta...

Page 34: ...ake the calcu lations as follows Fig 3 5 Slide Rule QH 0001 set for an accelerometer sensitivity of 50 mV g and an SPL of 60 dB 1 Turn the cursor until its RMS line lies over the zero reference level Z from section 3 5 4 step 5 on the outer dB SL scale 2 Rotate the sliding scale until the vibration reference amplitude R see section 3 5 4 step 5 on the appropriate vibration scale acceleration veloc...

Page 35: ...With Integrator ZR 0020 The vibration amplitude may only be calculated in the same parameter as that set on the Integrator and the Slide Rule must not be used to convert from one parameter to another To determine another parameter the Integrator must be set and the 2209 cali brated for that parameter and new measurements made The circular Slide Rule OH 0001 should be used to make the calculations ...

Page 36: ... Hold will of course mean that the peak value of the voltage level will be stored and displayed 3 9 VOLTAGE MEASUREMENTS 30 The procedure for making voltage measurements is as follows 1 Calibrate the 2209 as described in section 3 8 including the battery check selec tion of lower limiting frequency etc 2 Connect the 2209 to the voltage to be measured using the necessary adaptors and connectors 3 W...

Page 37: ...uman ear The averaging time of the human ear is in the range from 30 to 100 ms according to various investigators Hence for impulses shorter than the ear s averaging time the subjective loudness will not be so great The 2209 Im pulse characteristic is shown in Fig 12 of Chapter 1 together with the IEC tolerances 1 41 2 3 4 5 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 r I I C ryec m 1men ati n I Tl I I ...

Page 38: ...DETECTOR 32 Q c dB 0 2 4 cr Q 6 8 10 1 2 I 11J f I JJ cj Q 1 vt vv v lJ I II II ll v Vv 1 s II II I I VI I I I J IJ v I 101 L II II I v I 1 11 i I I 1 I I I J I rl II I Vjl _ I lfl v I J I II I I 1001J i I f II I 1m Impulse Duration sec V 1 v v I I 10m Fig 4 2 Standard and optional Peak Hold responses of 2209 c nF 500 400 300 200 100 70 50 40 30 v 20 0 2 17 v v v v v v v 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 7 2 3 4 5 m ...

Page 39: ...l signals is needed the me ter must be reset Note that once the circuit is holding a signal changing the ATTENUA TORS will not decrease the meter deflection The decay time of the hold circuit is less than 0 05 dB s with temperature characteristics shown in Fig 4 4 c 0 u Q E i 1000 u Q 0 100 10 20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 Temperature C 169131 Fig 4 4 Decay time vs temperature for Hold circuit 4 5 CREST ...

Page 40: ...0 to 40 10 to 2 1 dB 1 5 dB 2 dB 2 to 10 0 5 dB 1 dB 1 5 dB 760065 Table 4 1 Accuracy of METER SCALE readings for various Crest Fac tors within limitations given in Fig 4 5 a 160 dB 150 j 140 1l a 130 r ___ r 712 rw l IC f 4733 1 2 rw 1 r _ tc T 0 c 1 s 7 rw 120 110 100 2 3 4 5 10 20 30 40 Crest Factor VP VRM s 169125 Fig 4 6 Maximum SPLs that can be accurately measured with one inch and half inch...

Page 41: ...er inch and eighth inch microphones however whose capacitance is about 6 5 and 3 5 pF re spectively the loading effect is more pronounced and system calibration using a Piston phone Type 4220 is recommended co 3 5 0 3 0 C c 0 J 2 5 g B 2 0 Q l 0 c 0 1 5 c _ 1 0 0 5 Cin 0 5 pF I Cin 0 4 pF V Cin 0 3 pF 1 1 Cin 0 2 pF 1 f I Cin 0 1 pF I X I VI r 1 I loo 5 10 C 1 ct cs r o 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Mic...

Page 42: ...le No Function B K Type No 1 A 10 130 dB SA 0012 B 20 140 dB 2 A 30 140 dB SA 0013 B 40 160 dB 3 A 50 160 dB SA 0014 B 10J LV 10V 4 A 3 1 o 1 3 1 os SA 0015 B 10 1 105 5 A 3 1 o 2 3 1 o4 SA 0016 B 10 2 104 6 A 3 1 o 3 3 1 o3 SA 0017 B 1Q 3 103 7 A 3 10 4 3 102 SA 0018 B 10 4 102 8 A 3 1Q 5 30 SA 0019 B 1Q 5 10 9 A 3 1Q 6 3 SA 0020 B 1Q 6 1 10 A 3 1Q 7 3 1Q 1 SA 0021 B lQ 7 1Q 1 760067 1 Table 5 1 ...

Page 43: ...The output voltages are given in the specifications Chapter 1 and the signals are independent of the METER SWITCH po sition except in the Batt Rec position The operating procedures for the Level Re corders are given in the appropriate Instruction Manuals 6 2 2 DC Recording For the recording of discontinuous noise such as that from typewriters punch presses etc the DC OUTPUT is recommended to ensur...

Page 44: ...s Fig 6 1 shows some recordings of punch press noise from the 2209 DC OUTPUT using various meter responses OODOOODOOODOOOODODD Bri iel Kjaer FAST FSD 100dB 5 dB DODOOOODODODODDDDDI Bri iel Kjaer SLOW FSD 100 dB 5 dB ODDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDI Bri iel Kjaer IMPULSE FSD 100 dB 5 dB DODDDDDDDDDDODDDDDC Bri iel Kjaer PEAK HOLD FSD 110dB 5 dB DOOODDDDODDDDDDDDD I Bri iel Kjaer IMPULSE HOLD 1 UJ C l UJ a FSD 1...

Page 45: ...NUATOR setting may be re ferred For the recording of impulsive or single events the Tape Loop Cassette UD 0035 may be used with the Tape Recorder to ease analysis For full details consult the appro priate Instruction Manuals 6 4 DIGITAL RECORDERS The ideal and most flexible approach to impulse recording is the 8 K Digital Event Re corder Type 7502 which provides an extremely wide range of frequenc...

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Page 47: ...ducers Impedance Heads Accelerometer Preamplifiers Vibration Meters Accelerometer Calibrators Magnetic Transducers Capacitive Transducers Complex Modulus Apparatus VIBRATION TESTING Exciter Controls Sine Exciter Controls Sine Random Exciter Equalizers Random or Shock Exciters Power Amplifiers Programmer Units Stroboscopes STRAIN MEASUREMENTS Strain Gauge Apparatus Multi point Panels Automatic Sele...

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