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BST-GFL31 User Manual

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If there is more than one point that have ground fault, you are suggested to find out the point of fault that
has strongest signal and step by step to all the other faults.

Fig 2.7

2.8 Location for Other Ways of Fault

2.8.1 Wire Mix-connection

Location of mix-connection fault is same like that of ground fault location. The difference is that signal
generator injects the current signal in the two lines that are mix-connected (see Fig 2.8.1 for wiring
instruction). Then trace the current signal with the signal receiver in the same rules like ground fault
location as explained before.

If both of the two lines are accidentally grounded, they are mix-connected through the earth. Then
please check the ground fault of each line as DC ground fault location described previously.

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Summary of Contents for BST-GFL31

Page 1: ...BESANTEK BST GFL31 Ground Fault Locator User Manual P 140313 V1 5 Test Equipment Depot 800 517 8431 99 Washington Street Melrose MA 02176 TestEquipmentDepot com ...

Page 2: ...tion 8 2 2 Operation Preparation 9 2 3 Wire connection with DC System 9 2 4 Set Generator Output Signal 10 2 4 1 Measurement of Circuit 10 2 4 2 Output Signal Adjustment 11 2 4 3 Output Signal to Circuit for Fault Location 12 2 4 4 Return Circuit for Fault Location 13 2 5 Signal Tracing with Signal Receiver 13 2 5 1 Frequency Synchronization 13 2 5 2 Set Signal Reference 14 2 5 3 How to Locate Gro...

Page 3: ...tting 23 3 1 3 Firmware Version 24 3 2 Signal Receiver Functions and Settings 24 3 2 1 Frequency Spectrum Analysis 24 3 2 2 Oscilloscope 26 3 2 3 System Setting 26 4 SERVICE MAINTENANCE 28 4 1 Self Check 28 4 2 FAQ 29 4 3 Cleaning Storage 30 4 3 1 Cleaning 30 4 3 2 Storage 30 5 CONTACT BESANTEK 30 ...

Page 4: ...ce or correct operation of the instrument Operating Precautions To avoid electrical shock or fire read these precautions first before using the locator Except as explained in this manual do not attempt to service this equipment yourself Do not operate the equipment around explosive gas or vapor Only use BESANTEK s testing leads and other relative accessories with the locator Before use inspect the...

Page 5: ...0V 500V and 1000V This will meet requirement for various electric circuit of different voltage levels without interference to the circuit Output current of signal generator 5mA and unlimited current limited power with max output current of 30mA It is selected as per different systems preventing from incorrect operation of circuit relay Output frequency of signal generator Standard 10Hz and with op...

Page 6: ......

Page 7: ... 6 Standard signal receiver Signal receiver 1 7 Dual range current detector 2 One pair dual range φ8 and φ20 With 150cm long lead 8 Power adaptor 1 Input AC110V 220V Output 8 4VDC 300mA 9 User manual 1 This manual 10 USB drive 1 With backup firmware software and user manual 11 Qualification certificate 1 1 6 2 BST GFL31 Main Body Below is picture of BST GFL31 main body and functionality of each pa...

Page 8: ...function Use the arrow keys to highlight each and press ENT to confirm the selection or press Esc to go back Main body function and setting will be introduced in detail in this manual later Fig 1 6 2 2 1 6 3 Signal Receiver All standard units will come with standard signal receiver and one pair of dual range current detector Signal Receiver Main Body Back Side ...

Page 9: ... of jaw which have the same effect Also with one pair of current detectors working at the same time in the circuit BST GFL31 will have strong capability for anti interference Therefore it could check ground fault effectively even when system is online without switching off the DC system Each current detector has labels of arrow mark at both sides The arrow marks are used for current direction indi...

Page 10: ... until more points have the same problem it may damage electronic circuit or equipments Therefore unwanted grounding of electronic circuit is very big hidden danger Therefore a fast detection of ground fault will be very necessary before small problem becomes big accident 1 7 2 Wire Mix connection Sometimes two or more groups of power systems are working simultaneously and normally they are insula...

Page 11: ...ngle we will fast locate the ground fault For detailed ways to pinpoint the faulty grounding we will introduce in Chapter 2 below 2 MAIN OPERATION OF BST GFL31 2 1 General Steps for Fault Location For ground fault location we will generally follow these steps 1 Measurement preparation Familiarize with the wiring structure of DC system and judge which line has faulty grounding It is very important ...

Page 12: ...th absolute values should be equal around half of nominal voltage If one of the voltage values is lower this busbar should have faulty grounding B AC circuit Switch the multi meter to AC voltage testing mode and respectively test the voltage value between each power line phase line and null line and ground Normally both absolute values should be the same If one of the voltage values is lower that ...

Page 13: ...2 4 1 1 Use arrow key to highlight Ground Fault and press ENT to select it You will go to the next screen for output signal setting like Fig 2 4 1 2 Fig 2 4 1 1 Fig 2 4 1 2 You will need to set the output voltage and output current Their setting will be Output Voltage Optional among 24V 48V 110V 220V 500V and 1000V Generally the selected output voltage should be same or one level higher than syste...

Page 14: ...56 200 in Fig 2 4 1 3 above the waveform indicate respectively maximal average and minimal sampling value of voltage and current Note For definition of distributed capacitance and its relationship with resistance and frequency please refer to 2 9 About Distributed Capacitance Fig 2 4 1 3 2 4 2 Output Signal Adjustment The initial measurement gives you a brief idea about the fault signal in the cir...

Page 15: ...Discontinue which will have 1 second interval Different ways of display is illustrated as diagram in Fig 2 4 3 2 and Fig 2 4 3 3 NOTE For ground fault location please set signal display as Continue Fig 2 4 3 1 Fig 2 4 3 2 continued waveform Fig 2 4 3 3 Discontinued waveform 1000V on the right side of screen Fig 2 4 3 1 indicates the output voltage Numbers on the right column e g 4 and 0 in Fig 2 4...

Page 16: ...mple of current flow 2 5 Signal Tracing with Signal Receiver After the above setting and measurement on signal generator you could leave the generator alone as long as there is enough power Otherwise connect the AC power adapter during operation Then the signal receiver will take charge of the rest work for signal tracing Note Use the signal receiver for signal tracing ONLY after the signal genera...

Page 17: ...r BST GFL31 during ground fault location After initial setting for receiving frequency and audio click OK to proceed in the screen like Fig 2 5 2 3 Before reference setting signal strength in the screen can be any number Fig 2 5 2 3 What is reference setting When the signal generator injects a current signal into the DC circuit this current signal can go anywhere and finally outflow to the point o...

Page 18: ...erator is connected with the DC circuit and injects signal properly in the last screen like Fig 2 5 Take Fig 2 5 2 5 for example after signal injection the signal at the beginning close to red socket on signal generator of red testing lead is strongest If in Fig 2 5 2 6 beginning of black testing lead will have strongest signal In the explanation below we will use the first situation as example Fi...

Page 19: ...e screen indicate strength of signal in percentage It will increase one column when signal increases by 10 NOTE 1 Only use ONE current clamp for reference setting Do not use two clamps 2 Before setting make sure to set signal as Continue in signal generator Fig 2 5 3 Although you could set the reference for many times please make sure to clamp in the circuit that has current flow before the point ...

Page 20: ... k l m and n All these branches are connected with loads which has input red line and output black line And you could consider all cabinets in power substation as bigger loads with many smaller loads inside As the earth fault is on positive busbar the signal tracing will follow all the way based on positive busbar We will begin the signal search from the first level During the process of signal tr...

Page 21: ...n are very weak or almost no signal there In the same way Branch h has stronger signal than all the other branches g i and j in Level 2 Therefore during signal tracing for the earth fault we should always follow the stronger branch 5 Use multi setting of signal reference For details please refer to 2 6 1 Multiple Setting of signal reference Above are just general steps for signal tracing using the...

Page 22: ...d with the highest signal as shown in Fig 2 6 1 2 compared with Branch g Branch h Fig 2 6 1 2 Branch g 3 Set new reference point Set the new reference point on the branch with the highest signal In this example Branch h was used as the new reference point After setting the reference point to 100 for Branch h the signal from Branch g is now greater than 10 Branch h Fig 2 6 1 3 Branch g ...

Page 23: ...uency could be used at the same time independently for ground fault location They can have separate setting for reference point which will not affect each other 2 7 Signal Changes in Earth Fault Circuit We have explained in detail on how to pinpoint the ground fault in the previous context Here is further illustration for signal changes in the circuit Supposed that there is ground fault on positiv...

Page 24: ...lt is same like that of ground fault location The difference is that signal generator injects the current signal in the two lines that are mix connected see Fig 2 8 1 for wiring instruction Then trace the current signal with the signal receiver in the same rules like ground fault location as explained before If both of the two lines are accidentally grounded they are mix connected through the eart...

Page 25: ...ring structure is complicated in electric circuit Even if the DC circuit is isolated to the ground there could be return circuit when signal generator injects current signal due to existence of distributed capacitance Fig 2 9 is one example C1 and C2 are distributed capacitance before and after ground fault R Fig 2 9 In ground fault location grounding malfunction that we mention is for resistance ...

Page 26: ...inally out flow to the earth from different points of circuit in the way of distributed capacitance current 3 OTHER SETTINGS OF GENERATOR AND RECEIVER 3 1 Signal Generator Setting 3 1 1 Set Date Time Select Time in main menu you will see the screen as below Please use arrow keys to change date and clock Then click Save to confirm the change Fig 3 1 1 3 1 2 Parameter Setting This enables users to s...

Page 27: ... drive 2 Connect the USB drive with signal generator and restart the unit 3 Firmware update will be done in around one minute Note If you already have the updated files for signal receiver please first delete them from the root directory 3 2 Signal Receiver Functions and Settings 3 2 1 Frequency Spectrum Analysis Standard signal receiver of BST GFL31 has frequency spectrum analyzing function to te...

Page 28: ...25 25 2500 About band pass BP filter It is built in the signal receiver to enhance the capability of anti interference When BP filter is turned on the receiver will only sense the centric frequency or frequencies nearby For example in Fig 3 2 1 3 centric frequency is set as 50Hz it can only sense 50Hz and other comparatively strong signals nearby like 30Hz and 70Hz resolution is 5Hz When BP filter...

Page 29: ...s the waveform when BP filter is ON Channel 2 in red indicates the waveform when BP filter is OFF Channel 3 in green indicates the waveform of synchronization signal ms div Indicates the time ms of each grid in horizontal axle It is selectable for different view mA div Indicates current value mA of each grid in vertical axle It is also selectable 3 2 3 System Setting Click System in main menu you ...

Page 30: ... lead like Fig 3 2 3 1 1 and keep it still for a while 6 Go to System Setting Freq Synchronization in signal receiver Select the same frequency as that of signal generator and click the button F Sync in the screen below Fig 3 2 3 1 2 and Fig 3 2 3 1 3 Frequency synchronization will be done and saved in 236 seconds Fig 3 2 3 1 1 Fig 3 2 3 1 2 Fig 3 2 3 1 3 3 2 3 2 Signal Receiver Calibration All un...

Page 31: ...ault location with BST GFL31 please follow the steps below for self check of the equipment 1 To ensure the performance of signal generator and receiver for long time operation please charge them timely 2 Check if signal generator is normal Connect the two testing leads with signal generator and connect the other two ends of leads together short circuit Output voltage of signal generator is set as ...

Page 32: ...lar frequencies around that interferes the signal Use frequency spectrum analyzing function of signal receiver to test surrounding signals and select the right output frequency 4 Opening jaw of current detector is closed or the jaw has dirt Close the jaw of current detector and clean the clamp jaw 5 Reference value is set when it does not clamp in the circuit that has current flow Clamp the curren...

Page 33: ...th software cloth clean it again with water and wipe it Do not damage the metal part of the clips to ensure its accurate performance during testing WARNING For your own safety make sure that the main unit and accessories are not working and should be disconnected from the power supply before cleaning 4 3 2 Storage After using BST GFL31 put the main unit and all its accessories into the carrying ca...

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