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Operation
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5 Operation
5.1 Direct and indirect sonication
Objects can be sonicated directly or indirectly in the ultrasound
bath.
Direct sonication
is the standard procedure. The objects to be
treated are introduced in the oscillating tank with suitable accesso-
ries, e.g. a basket. There they have direct contact with the sonica-
tion liquid.
Indirect sonication
is used in the following cases:
• Sonication of sample liquids,
• Use of chemically aggressive or flammable liquids,
• Use of demineralised water without additives,
• Removal of chemically aggressive contamination,
• Removal of stains, discolouration and rust using acidic prepara-
tions.
The objects or liquids to be sonicated are introduced in the contact
liquid in an inset beaker, for transfer of the ultrasound in the oscil-
lating tank. The contact liquid in the oscillating tank must contain a
surfactant preparation.