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6 

IP multicast addresses 

1. 

IPv4 multicast addresses 

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) assigned the Class D address space (224.0.0.0 to 
239.255.255.255) for IPv4 multicast.  

Table 2 Class D IP address blocks and description  

Address block 

Description

 

224.0.0.0 to 224.0.0.255 

Reserved permanent group addresses. The IP address 224.0.0.0 
is reserved. Other IP addresses can be used by routing protocols 
and for topology searching, protocol maintenance, and so 
on. 

Table 3

 lists common permanent group addresses. A packet 

destined for an address in this block will not be forwarded beyond 
the local subnet regardless of the Time to Live (TTL) value in the 
IP header. 

 

224.0.1.0 to 238.255.255.255 

Globally scoped group addresses. This block includes the 
following types of designated group addresses: 

•

 

232.0.0.0/8—SSM group addresses 

•

 233.0.0.0/8—Glop 

group 

addresses 

 

239.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 

Administratively scoped multicast addresses. These addresses 
are considered locally unique rather than globally unique, and can 
be reused in domains administered by different organizations 
without causing conflicts. For more information, see RFC 2365. 

 

 

NOTE: 

•

  The membership of a group is dynamic. Hosts can join or leave multicast groups at any time. 

•

  "Glop" is a mechanism for assigning multicast addresses between different autonomous 

systems (ASs). By filling an AS number into the middle two bytes of 233.0.0.0, you get 255 
multicast addresses for that AS. For more information, see RFC 2770. 

 

Table 3 Some reserved multicast addresses  

Address Description

 

224.0.0.1 

All systems on this subnet, including hosts and routers 

 

224.0.0.2 

All multicast routers on this subnet 

 

224.0.0.3 Unassigned 

224.0.0.4 

Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) routers 

224.0.0.5 

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routers 

224.0.0.6 

OSPF designated routers/backup designated routers  

224.0.0.7 

Shared Tree (ST) routers 

224.0.0.8 ST 

hosts 

224.0.0.9 

Routing Information Protocol version 2 (RIPv2) routers 

224.0.0.11 Mobile 

agents 

 

224.0.0.12 

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server/relay agent

 

224.0.0.13 

All Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) routers

 

224.0.0.14 Resource 

Reservation Protocol (RSVP) encapsulation

 

224.0.0.15 

All Core-Based Tree (CBT) routers

 

Summary of Contents for ASX6600

Page 1: ...HPE FlexNetwork 5120 SI Switch Series IP Multicast Configuration Guide Part number 5998 8495 Software version Release 1516 Document version 6W100 20151125...

Page 2: ...d 12 212 Commercial Computer Software Computer Software Documentation and Technical Data for Commercial Items are licensed to the U S Government under vendor s standard commercial license Links to thi...

Page 3: ...isabling a port or a group of ports from changing into dynamic router ports 23 Configuring IGMP snooping querier 23 Configuration prerequisites 23 Enabling IGMP snooping querier 24 Configuring IGMP qu...

Page 4: ...g 60 Disabling a port or a group of ports from changing into dynamic router ports 61 Configuring MLD snooping querier 61 Configuration prerequisites 61 Enabling MLD snooping querier 62 Configuring MLD...

Page 5: ...attributes 84 Configuring IPv6 multicast VLAN ports 84 Displaying and maintaining IPv6 multicast VLAN 85 IPv6 multicast VLAN configuration examples 85 Document conventions and icons 89 Conventions 89...

Page 6: ...ovide new value added services such as live webcasting web TV distance learning telemedicine web radio real time video conferencing and other bandwidth critical and time critical information services...

Page 7: ...eceive it In addition to information security issues broadcasting to hosts that do not need the information causes traffic flooding on the same subnet Broadcast is disadvantageous in transmitting data...

Page 8: ...t identified by an IP multicast address Hosts join a multicast group to become members of the multicast group before they can receive the multicast data addressed to that multicast group Typically a m...

Page 9: ...st path tree SPT or a multicast packet that multicast source S sends to multicast group G Here S represents a specific multicast source and G represents a specific multicast group Advantages and appli...

Page 10: ...address range that is different from that of the ASM SFM model and dedicated multicast forwarding paths are established between receivers and the specified multicast sources Multicast architecture IP...

Page 11: ...nd can be reused in domains administered by different organizations without causing conflicts For more information see RFC 2365 NOTE The membership of a group is dynamic Hosts can join or leave multic...

Page 12: ...address When set to 1 it indicates that this address is an IPv6 multicast address with an embedded RP address the P and T bits must also be set to 1 P When set to 0 it indicates that this address is a...

Page 13: ...24 bits of an IPv4 multicast MAC address are 0x01005E Bit 25 is 0 and the least significant 23 bits are the least significant 23 bits of a multicast IPv4 address Figure 6 IPv4 to MAC address mapping T...

Page 14: ...MP snooping IGMP multicast VLAN PIM MSDP and MBGP are for IPv4 MLD snooping MLD IPv6 multicast VLAN IPv6 PIM and IPv6 MBGP are for IPv6 This section provides only general descriptions about applicatio...

Page 15: ...en called PIM DM and sparse mode often called PIM SM An inter domain multicast routing protocol delivers multicast information between two ASs Mature solutions include Multicast Source Discovery Proto...

Page 16: ...ackets To deliver multicast packets to receivers located at different positions of the network multicast routers on the forwarding paths usually need to forward multicast packets received on one incom...

Page 17: ...s running IGMP snooping establishes mappings between ports and multicast MAC addresses and forwards multicast data based on these mappings When IGMP snooping is not running on the switch multicast pac...

Page 18: ...bitEthernet 1 0 2 and GigabitEthernet 1 0 3 of Switch A and GigabitEthernet 1 0 2 of Switch B are member ports Each switch registers all the member ports on the local device in its IGMP snooping forwa...

Page 19: ...xcept the receiving port and performs the following on the receiving port If the receiving port is a dynamic router port that exists in its router port list the switch resets the aging timer for this...

Page 20: ...tch forwards the leave message to all router ports in the native VLAN Because the switch cannot determine whether any other hosts attached to the port are still monitoring that group address the switc...

Page 21: ...st forwarding table for the entry for the multicast group If the forwarding entry is found with the receiving port contained as a dynamic member port in the outgoing port list the proxy resets the agi...

Page 22: ...cast data Optional Configuring IGMP report suppression Optional Configuring maximum multicast groups that a port can join Optional Configuring 802 1p precedence for IGMP messages Optional Configuring...

Page 23: ...by default NOTE Enable IGMP snooping globally before enable it in a VLAN When you enable IGMP snooping in a specified VLAN this function takes effect on the ports in this VLAN only Configuring the ver...

Page 24: ...erface view Follow these steps to configure static multicast MAC address entries in interface view To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system view Enter Ethernet interface Layer 2 aggregat...

Page 25: ...imer of the port for that group expires If multicast group memberships change frequently set a relatively small value for the dynamic member port aging timer and vice versa Configuring aging timers fo...

Page 26: ...ng version 3 is running A static member port does not respond to queries from the IGMP querier when static G or S G joining is enabled or disabled on a port the port does not send an unsolicited IGMP...

Page 27: ...hem to that port In VLANs where only one host is attached to each port fast leave processing helps improve bandwidth and resource usage However if fast leave processing is enabled on a port to which m...

Page 28: ...lticast users are enhanced Follow these steps to disable a port or a group of ports from changing into dynamic router ports To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system view Enter Ethernet i...

Page 29: ...Configuring IGMP queries and responses You can tune the IGMP general query interval based on actual condition of the network Upon receiving an IGMP query general query or group specific query a host s...

Page 30: ...t be deleted by mistake Configuring source IP address of IGMP queries Upon receiving an IGMP query whose source IP address is 0 0 0 0 on a port the switch does not enlist that port as a dynamic router...

Page 31: ...snooping proxying enable Required Disabled by default Configuring a source IP address for the IGMP messages sent by the proxy You can set the source IP addresses in the IGMP reports and leave message...

Page 32: ...e command Remarks Enter system view system view Enter IGMP snooping view igmp snooping Configure a multicast group filter group policy acl number vlan vlan list Required By default no group filter is...

Page 33: ...unknown multicast data is disabled the switch floods unknown multicast data in the VLAN that the unknown multicast data belongs to causing network bandwidth waste and low forwarding efficiency When t...

Page 34: ...e the maximum number of multicast groups that a port can join igmp snooping group limit limit vlan vlan list Optional 256 by default NOTE When the number of multicast groups that a port has joined rea...

Page 35: ...ts To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system view Enter Ethernet interface Layer 2 aggregate interface view or port group view interface interface type interface number Required Use eithe...

Page 36: ...st vlan vlan id count begin exclude include regular expression Available in any view Remove all the dynamic group entries of a specified IGMP snooping group or all IGMP snooping groups reset igmp snoo...

Page 37: ...tem view RouterA multicast routing enable RouterA interface gigabitethernet 1 0 1 RouterA GigabitEthernet1 0 1 igmp enable RouterA GigabitEthernet1 0 1 pim dm RouterA GigabitEthernet1 0 1 quit RouterA...

Page 38: ...4 1 1 1 vlan 100 SwitchA GigabitEthernet1 0 4 quit 4 Verify the configuration Display the information of the IGMP snooping groups in VLAN 100 on Switch A SwitchA display igmp snooping group vlan 100 v...

Page 39: ...tch C only along the path of Switch A Switch B Switch C Configure GigabitEthernet 1 0 3 that connects Switch A to Switch C as a static router port so that multicast traffic can flow to the receivers n...

Page 40: ...nable SwitchA vlan100 quit Configure GigabitEthernet 1 0 3 to be a static router port SwitchA interface gigabitethernet 1 0 3 SwitchA GigabitEthernet1 0 3 igmp snooping static router port vlan 100 Swi...

Page 41: ...S Static port C Copy port Subvlan flags R Real VLAN C Copy VLAN Vlan id 100 Total 1 IP Group s Total 1 IP Source s Total 1 MAC Group s Router port s total 2 port GE1 0 1 D 00 01 30 GE1 0 3 S IP group...

Page 42: ...to multicast groups 224 1 1 1 and 225 1 1 1 respectively Host A and Host C are receivers of multicast group 224 1 1 1 and Host B and Host D are receivers of multicast group 225 1 1 1 All the receivers...

Page 43: ...view SwitchB igmp snooping SwitchB igmp snooping quit Create VLAN 100 and assign GigabitEthernet 1 0 1 through GigabitEthernet 1 0 4 to the VLAN SwitchB vlan 100 SwitchB vlan100 port gigabitethernet...

Page 44: ...ed hosts and to respond to IGMP queries from Router A and forward the queries to the hosts on behalf of Router A Figure 16 Network diagram for IGMP snooping proxying configuration Configuration proced...

Page 45: ...the display igmp snooping group command and the display igmp group command to display information about IGMP snooping groups and IGMP multicast groups For example Display information about IGMP snoop...

Page 46: ...oup s Port flags D Dynamic port S Static port C Copy port Subvlan flags R Real VLAN C Copy VLAN Vlan id 100 Total 1 IP Group s Total 1 IP Source s Total 1 MAC Group s Router port s total 1 port GE1 0...

Page 47: ...ng unknown multicast data is not enabled so unknown multicast data is flooded Solution 1 Use the display acl command to check the configured ACL rule Make sure that the ACL rule conforms to the multic...

Page 48: ...n not only waste of network bandwidth but also extra burden on the Layer 3 device Figure 17 Multicast transmission without multicast VLAN The multicast VLAN feature configured on the Layer 2 switch is...

Page 49: ...ng configuration For more information about VLAN tags see the Layer 2 LAN Switching Configuration Guide Multicast VLAN configuration task list Complete the following tasks to configure multicast VLAN...

Page 50: ...Required Use either command port group manual port group name aggregation agg id Configure the user port link type as hybrid port link type hybrid Required Access by default Specify the user VLAN tha...

Page 51: ...terface interface type interface number Required Use either command port group manual port group name Configure the current port s as port s of the multicast VLAN port multicast vlan vlan id Required...

Page 52: ...LANs Network diagram Figure 19 Network diagram for port based multicast VLAN configuration Configuration procedure 1 Configure IP addresses Configure the IP address and subnet mask for each interface...

Page 53: ...SwitchA GigabitEthernet1 0 2 port hybrid vlan 10 untagged SwitchA GigabitEthernet1 0 2 quit The configuration for GigabitEthernet1 0 3 and GigabitEthernet1 0 4 is similar The detailed configuration s...

Page 54: ...wing ip group s match to one mac group IP group address 224 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 224 1 1 1 Host port s total 3 port s GE1 0 2 D GE1 0 3 D GE1 0 4 D MAC group s MAC group address 0100 5e01 0101 Host port s to...

Page 55: ...ppings As shown in Figure 20 when MLD snooping is not running IPv6 multicast packets are broadcast to all devices at Layer 2 When MLD snooping runs multicast packets for known IPv6 multicast groups ar...

Page 56: ...rs In the figure GigabitEthernet 1 0 2 and GigabitEthernet 1 0 3 of Switch A and GigabitEthernet 1 0 2 of Switch B are member ports The switch registers all the member ports on the local switch in its...

Page 57: ...rs exist on the subnet After receiving an MLD general query the switch forwards it through all ports in the VLAN except the port that received the MLD query The switch performs the following judgment...

Page 58: ...other hosts attached to the port are still monitoring that IPv6 multicast group address the switch does not immediately remove the port from the outgoing port list of the forwarding table entry for t...

Page 59: ...multicast group If the forwarding entry is found with the receiving port contained as a dynamic port in the outgoing port list the proxy resets the aging timer for the entry If the forwarding entry is...

Page 60: ...eport suppression Optional Configuring maximum multicast groups that a port can join Optional Configuring IPv6 multicast group replacement Optional Configuring 802 1p precedence for MLD messages Optio...

Page 61: ...ult NOTE MLD snooping must be enabled globally before it can be enabled in a VLAN When you enable MLD snooping in a specified VLAN this function takes effect for ports in this VLAN only Configuring th...

Page 62: ...ess entry in system view To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system view Configure a static multicast MAC address entry mac address multicast mac address interface interface list vlan vlan...

Page 63: ...termine the IPv6 multicast group and IPv6 multicast source addresses Configuring aging timers for dynamic ports If the switch receives no MLD general queries or IPv6 PIM hello messages on a dynamic ro...

Page 64: ...6 source address vlan vlan id Required No static member ports by default Configure the port s as static router port s mld snooping static router port vlan vlan id Required No static router ports by de...

Page 65: ...figuring fast leave processing The fast leave processing feature enables the switch to process MLD done messages quickly When the fast leave processing feature is enabled and the switch receives an ML...

Page 66: ...and IPv6 PIM Hello message sent from the host affects the multicast routing protocol state on Layer 3 devices such as the MLD querier or DR election and might further cause network interruption To sol...

Page 67: ...querier in an IPv6 multicast network running MLD Although an MLD snooping querier does not take part in MLD querier elections it might affect MLD querier elections because it sends MLD general queries...

Page 68: ...snooping last listener query interval interval Optional 1 second by default CAUTION Be sure to configure the MLD query interval greater than the maximum response time for MLD general queries Otherwis...

Page 69: ...id Enable MLD snooping proxying in the VLAN mld snooping proxying enable Required Disabled by default Configuring a source IPv6 address for the MLD messages sent by the proxy You can set the source IP...

Page 70: ...ata that fails the ACL check will not be sent to this port In this way the service provider can control the VOD programs provided for multicast users Configuring an IPv6 multicast group filter globall...

Page 71: ...roup of ports To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system view Enter Ethernet interface view or port group view interface interface type interface number Required Use either approach port g...

Page 72: ...ticast groups that a port can join The maximum number of IPv6 multicast groups that a port can join can limit the number of multicast programs available to VOD users to control the traffic on the port...

Page 73: ...system view Enter MLD snooping view mld snooping Enable IPv6 multicast group replacement overflow replace vlan vlan list Required Disabled by default Configuring IPv6 multicast group replacement on a...

Page 74: ...regular expression Available in any view Display the statistics information of MLD messages learned by MLD snooping display mld snooping statistics begin exclude include regular expression Available...

Page 75: ...1 0 3 and GigabitEthernet 1 0 4 of Switch A even if Host A and Host B accidentally temporarily stop receiving IPv6 multicast data Figure 23 Network diagram for IPv6 group policy simulated joining con...

Page 76: ...mld snooping SwitchA mld snooping group policy 2001 vlan 100 SwitchA mld snooping quit Configure GigabitEthernet 1 0 3 and GigabitEthernet 1 0 4 as simulated hosts for IPv6 multicast group FF1E 101 S...

Page 77: ...E 101 to enhance the reliability of multicast traffic transmission Suppose STP runs on the network To avoid data loops the forwarding path from Switch A to Switch C is blocked under normal conditions...

Page 78: ...GigabitEthernet1 0 1 pim ipv6 dm RouterA GigabitEthernet1 0 1 quit RouterA interface gigabitethernet 1 0 2 RouterA GigabitEthernet1 0 2 pim ipv6 dm RouterA GigabitEthernet1 0 2 quit 3 Configure Switch...

Page 79: ...vlan100 port gigabitethernet 1 0 1 to gigabitethernet 1 0 5 SwitchC vlan100 mld snooping enable SwitchC vlan100 quit Configure GigabitEthernet 1 0 3 and GigabitEthernet 1 0 5 as static member ports fo...

Page 80: ...l 1 IP Source s Total 1 MAC Group s Router port s total 1 port s GE1 0 2 D 00 01 23 IP group s the following ip group s match to one mac group IP group address FF1E 101 FF1E 101 Attribute Host Port Ho...

Page 81: ...snooping quit Create VLAN 100 and assign GigabitEthernet 1 0 1 through GigabitEthernet 1 0 3 to VLAN 100 SwitchA vlan 100 SwitchA vlan100 port gigabitethernet 1 0 1 to gigabitethernet 1 0 3 Enable ML...

Page 82: ...general queries 3 Received MLDv1 specific queries 0 Received MLDv1 reports 12 Received MLD dones 0 Sent MLDv1 specific queries 0 Received MLDv2 reports 0 Received MLDv2 reports with right and wrong r...

Page 83: ...tEthernet1 0 1 quit RouterA interface gigabitethernet 1 0 2 RouterA GigabitEthernet1 0 2 pim ipv6 dm RouterA GigabitEthernet1 0 2 quit 3 Configure Switch A Enable MLD snooping globally SwitchA system...

Page 84: ...ddress 3333 0000 0101 Host port s total 2 port s GE1 0 3 GE1 0 4 Display information about MLD multicast groups on Router A RouterA display mld group Total 1 MLD Group s Interface group report informa...

Page 85: ...view the running status of MLD snooping 2 If MLD snooping is not enabled use the mld snooping command to enable MLD snooping globally and then use mld snooping enable command to enable MLD snooping in...

Page 86: ...ding interface view to check whether the correct IPv6 multicast group policy has been applied If not use the group policy or mld snooping group policy command to apply the correct IPv6 multicast group...

Page 87: ...witch A This results in not only waste of network bandwidth but also extra burden on the Layer 3 device Figure 27 Multicast transmission without IPv6 multicast VLAN The IPv6 multicast VLAN feature con...

Page 88: ...n For more information about VLAN tags see the Layer 2 LAN Switching Configuration Guide IPv6 multicast VLAN configuration task list Complete the following tasks to configure IPv6 multicast VLAN Confi...

Page 89: ...the user port link type as hybrid port link type hybrid Required Access by default Specify the user VLAN that comprises the current user port s as the default VLAN port hybrid pvid vlan vlan id Requir...

Page 90: ...st vlan ipv6 vlan id Required By default a user port does not belong to any IPv6 multicast VLAN NOTE Do not configure IPv6 multicast VLAN on a device with multicast routing enabled The VLAN to be conf...

Page 91: ...d address prefix for each interface according to Figure 29 The detailed configuration steps are omitted here 2 Configure Router A Enable IPv6 multicast routing enable IPv6 PIM DM on each interface and...

Page 92: ...1 0 4 is similar The detailed configuration steps are omitted Configure VLAN 10 as an IPv6 multicast VLAN SwitchA multicast vlan ipv6 10 Assign GigabitEthernet 1 0 2 and GigabitEthernet 1 0 3 to IPv6...

Page 93: ...mac group IP group address FF1E 101 FF1E 101 Host port s total 3 port s GE1 0 2 D GE1 0 3 D GE1 0 4 D MAC group s MAC group address 3333 0000 0101 Host port s total 3 port s GE1 0 2 GE1 0 3 GE1 0 4 T...

Page 94: ...t one x y Asterisk marked square brackets enclose optional syntax choices separated by vertical bars from which you select one choice multiple choices or none 1 n The argument or keyword and argument...

Page 95: ...Represents an access controller a unified wired WLAN module or the access controller engine on a unified wired WLAN switch Represents an access point Represents a wireless terminator unit Represents a...

Page 96: ...provide a mechanism for accessing software updates through the product interface Review your product documentation to identify the recommended software update method To download product updates go to...

Page 97: ...nterprise authorized service provider will determine whether a repair can be accomplished by CSR For more information about CSR contact your local service provider or go to the CSR website www hpe com...

Page 98: ...31 Displaying and maintaining IPv6 multicast VLAN 85 Displaying and maintaining MLD snooping 69 Displaying and maintaining multicast VLAN 46 I IGMP snooping configuration examples 31 IGMP snooping con...

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