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TerraSpec® User Manual

ASD Document 600541 Rev. G

www.asdi.com

Summary of Contents for A100800

Page 1: ...TerraSpec User Manual ASD Document 600541 Rev G 2008 by ASD Inc www asdi com ...

Page 2: ...ent contains proprietary information protected by copyright law and may not be reproduced in any manner without the express written approval of ASD Inc The information and specifications contained in this manual are subject to change without notice ASD Inc shall not be held liable for technical editorial omissions or errors made herein nor for incidental or consequential damages resulting from fur...

Page 3: ...ccessories 4 Computer Requirements 5 Software Requirement 5 Theory of Operation 6 Chapter 2 Setup 11 Unpacking the Instrument 12 Power Supply 13 Ethernet Cables 15 Accessory Power Port 16 Remote Trigger 17 Chapter 3 Usage and Maintenance 19 Light Sources 19 Access and Ventilation 19 Cleaning 20 Annual Maintenance 20 Returning Instrument to ASD for Service 20 Chapter 4 Fiber Optic Interface 21 Fibe...

Page 4: ...ct to the Access Point 46 Spectrometer Loses its Wireless Connection 47 Wireless Interface is Disabled in the Netcfg Application 47 Appendix B Reference Information 49 Frequently Asked Questions FAQ 49 What is a spectrometer 49 What are the differences between the ASD spectrometers 50 What is remote sensing 50 How often do I need to optimize 51 How often do I need a baseline White Reference 51 Wha...

Page 5: ...net cable can I use for the static IP configuration 56 Can I install additional software on the instrument controller 56 Why does the software seem to do unexpected things 57 How long does it take for the TerraSpec spectrometer to warm up 57 Where is my serial number 57 Data Conversion 58 Gain and Offset 58 Optimization 58 Spectrum Averaging or Sample Count 59 Temperature Effects 59 Technical Supp...

Page 6: ...ASD Document 600541 Rev G vi TerraSpec User Manual www asdi com ...

Page 7: ...810 Full Range VNIR SWIR1 SWIR2 High Resolution 350 2500 A100820 SWIR2 only 1800 2500 Conforms to the following EU Directives Safety Low Voltage Directive 72 23 EEC as amended by 93 68 EEC EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 89 336 EEC as amended by 93 68 EEC Supplementary Information The product complies with the requirements of the following Harmonized Product Standards and carries the C...

Page 8: ...sult in personal injury to the user CAUTION Hot Surface This is a personal danger warning Docuemntation must be consulted in all cases where this symbol is marked Failure to acknowledge these warnings could result in personal injury to the user Recycle Items with this symbol indicate that the item should be recycled and not disposed of as general waste Warnings and cautions are placed throughout t...

Page 9: ... this power supply only for its intended use as described below 2 Do not use outdoors 3 Do not allow to be used as a toy Pay close attention when this power supply is used by or near to children 4 Use only attachments recommended by the manufacturer 5 Never operate the power supply if it has a damaged cord or plug if it has been dropped or damaged or if it has fallen into water In such cases retur...

Page 10: ...ASD Document 600541 Rev G x TerraSpec User Manual www asdi com Notes ...

Page 11: ...nstrument The TerraSpec spectrometer is compact and field portable It has a spectral range of 350 2500 nm and rapid data collection 10 spectra per second While its most highly regarded features are performance and field portability these instruments perform competitively in the laboratory as well Features and Advantages Accurate and Precise high resolution and superior repeatability of results for...

Page 12: ...with orange urethane end caps and handles All vital components are in a dust proof enclosure and EMI sealed Adjustable fiber optic to instrument spacer 1 1 2 Power Input and Output Height 12 7 cm 5 inches Width 35 6 cm 14 5 inches Depth 29 2 cm 11 5 inches Weight 5 6 kg 12 lbs AC Power Supply Type Auto ranging Switching SELV AC Input 90 240 VAC 50 60 Hz DC Input 12 VDC 60 W Accessory Power Port fr...

Page 13: ...three separate detectors Each detector is also covered with the appropriate order separation filters to eliminate second and higher order light VNIR 512 element silicon photo diode array for the spectral region 350 1000 nm SWIR1 graded index TE cooled extended range InGaAs photo diode for the spectral region 1000 nm to 1800 nm SWIR2 graded index TE cooled extended range InGaAs photo diode for the ...

Page 14: ...n cause loss of communication or significantly shorten the communication range Note For information about configuration of the Ethernet card and cable please refer to the Installation Manual 1 1 5 Standard Accessories TerraSpec Spectrometer TerraSpec User Manual PDF on Flash Drive Instrument Controller ASD approved laptop computer RS3 Software Pack 1 5 meter FR Low OH Fiber Optic Jumper Cable Powe...

Page 15: ...less WiFi adaptor PCMIA USB or built in that is compatible with the 802 11b standard Optional Serial communications port or USB port for GPS receiver only required when GPS is used Optional NMEA compatible GPS receiver 1 3 Software Requirement The instrument controller requires the following software RS3 Software from ASD Microsoft Windows 95 98 NT 2000 ME XP Operating System Microsoft Internet Ex...

Page 16: ...The fiber cable delivers the collected optical energy into the instrument where it is projected onto a holographic diffraction grating The grating separates and reflects the wavelength components for independent measurement by the detectors Visible Near Infrared VNIR The Visible Near Infrared VNIR 350 1000 nm wavelength portion of the spectrum is measured by a 512 channel silicon photodiode array ...

Page 17: ...R detectors the SWIR1 and SWIR2 detectors convert incident photons into electrons This photocurrent is continually converted to a voltage and is then periodically digitized by a 16 bit analog to digital A D converter This digitized spectral data is then transmitted to the instrument controller for further processing and analysis by the controlling software The grating is physically oscillating wit...

Page 18: ...ed at any time but should be updated more frequently in the beginning of a given session while the instrument warms up The VNIR spectrometer is fitted with a unique software and hardware combination feature called Driftlock Driftlock corrects for DC changes over time It automatically updates DC for every measurement by looking at a series of masked pixels at the front portion of the VNIR array The...

Page 19: ...Some accessories such as the Hi Brite Contact Probe perform all of these functions Other accessories such as some of the optional foreoptic probes rely on other illumination sources Accurate analysis of collected spectra requires an adequate level of incident light on the sample The Hi Brite Contact Probe accessory is designed for stability and accuracy and provides a controlled source of incident...

Page 20: ...ASD Document 600541 Rev G 10 TerraSpec User Manual www asdi com Chapter 1 Introduction Notes ...

Page 21: ...ing Note Save all packing materials foam spacers and paperwork for possible future use Prepare a clear space on a sturdy bench or counter ideally a space near a wall current receptacle and the controlling computer Carefully open the shipping container following all instructions and orientation labels on the container Figure 2 1 TerraSpec spectrometer in carrying case ...

Page 22: ... out Carefully remove the fiber optic cable located below the foam insert at the bottom of the case The remaining portion of the case is designed to hold the various accessories that may have been purchased with the instrument There are specific locations for the Contact Probe Hi Bright Muglite Spectralon battery pack and miscellaneous power cables WARNING The fiber cable should never be stored wi...

Page 23: ...AC voltage to DC nor does it have internal batteries The options for providing the spectrometer with the appropriate DC voltage are An external power supply that converts 100 VAC to 240 VAC 50 Hz or 60 Hz to 12 VDC shown in Figure 2 3 An external battery pack that delivers 12 VDC Caution Use only ASD approved power supplies or connectors to power the instrument Figure 2 3 TerraSpec spectrometer po...

Page 24: ...gure 2 5 to connect to the TerraSpec spectrometer on the back panel Figure 2 6 Insert power battery or power supply into the receptacle on the back panel labeled INPUT 12 VDC 50 WATT Lock the connector in place by twisting the barrel end of the connector clockwise Figure 2 4 Portable battery pack Figure 2 5 TerraSpec spectrometer power connector which plugs into the instrument ...

Page 25: ...the location of the computer interface connection Figure 2 6 shows the back panel containing the Ethernet port which is labeled RJ45 ETHERNET With the TerraSpec spectrometer and the instrument controller fully powered down and turned off plug the shielded cross over Ethernet computer cable as shown in Figure 2 7 into the Ethernet ports of the TerraSpec spectrometer and your instrument controller F...

Page 26: ...power from the spectrometer The accessory power port is provided for optional ASD approved accessories Attach the large connector end of the cable into the accessory power port of the front panel Attach the other end of the power cable into the Contact Probe Hi Brite MugLite or other ASD approved accessory Figure 2 7 Shielded cross over Ethernet cable Figure 2 8 Enhanced view of the front panel wi...

Page 27: ...ectrometer The LEDs on the trigger are bright enough to be seen even on a sunny day The LEDs are light up when the trigger is pushed briefly and turn off when the capture is complete Figure 2 10 shows the trigger switch with its LEDs The trigger plugs into the spectrometer near the fiber optic cable as is shown in Figure 2 11 Figure 2 9 Cable used from the TerraSpec spectrometer accessory power po...

Page 28: ...are intended for use with several accessories Place a piece of hook velcro onto the trigger place pieces of mesh velcro onto the accessories Note Accessories should have pieces of mesh velcro placed on both sides so that the trigger can be used right or left handed Figure 2 11 External trigger cable plugged into the TerraSpec spectrometer ...

Page 29: ...ls from contacting the bulb and reflector Do not touch the glass envelope of the bulb Oils on the hand may transfer to the glass envelope which can significantly affect the bulb temperature and corrupt important operating physics of the bulb Note Please refer to the ASD Accessories Manual or the instructions for that specific accessory for detailed information 3 2 Access and Ventilation When used ...

Page 30: ... maintenance is covered under ASD s warranty or the extended service contract Annual maintenance can be purchased separately If you are interested in purchasing annual maintenance or an extended service contract please contact your sales representative 3 5 Returning Instrument to ASD for Service In order to return the instrument to ASD for maintenance or repair a Return Merchandise Authorization R...

Page 31: ...buted ultra low OH silica glass fibers Nineteen 19 of these fibers are 100 micron and are distributed to the VNIR region The remaining eighteen 18 fibers are 200 micron and are evenly divided between the two SWIR regions 9 SWIR1 fibers and 9 SWIR2 fibers The external fiber optic cable is made up of forty four 44 randomly distributed ultra low OH silica glass fibers that are 200 micron This cable h...

Page 32: ...hould be stored by placing them loosely within an appropriate compartment of the carrying case or in their own protective case Tips on care for the fiber optic cable Do not pull or hang the spectrometer by the fiber optic cable Do not use wires ties or clamps to tightly attach the fiber optic cable to objects these might pinch or penetrate the protective jacket thereby damaging the fibers inside A...

Page 33: ... may be necessary to adjust the fiber optic interface between the external fiber optic cable shown in Figure 4 2 and Figure 4 3 and the instrument connection Note The fiber optic bundle matcher has a standard 1 7 mm fiber optic bundle input Figure 4 1 Connector for the fiberoptic cable Figure 4 2 View of the fiberoptic bundle matcher and the fiberoptic port ...

Page 34: ...xternal fiber optic cable diameter 4 3 Matching Fiber Bundles There should now be an understanding of how the external fiber optic cables and the fixed fiber optic bundle matcher are configured they now need to be combined The three scenarios in Figure 4 5 show how the fiber optic bundles are matched Figure 4 3 View of the fiberoptic cable fiber bundle matcher and fiber connection Screw the fiber ...

Page 35: ...ent 2 The TerraSpec spectrometer should be set up with the adjustment barrel of the matcher fully threaded into the body of the matcher any time a full 1 7 mm bundle is used this is almost always 3 With the ASD software application RS3 or Indico running and the fiber optic cables attached hand screw the fiber optic bundle matcher until the optimal signal is achieved Do not over twist the fiber opt...

Page 36: ...ed on the fiber optic bundle matcher and the Fiber Check software WARNING The Fiber Check utility produces rapid flashing lights in the SWIR 1 and 2 region s optical fibers If you are susceptible to epileptic seizures exercise caution or avoid using the Fiber Check utility Step 1 Remove any external fiber optic cable from the spectrometer Step 2 Remove the bundle matcher Use the 3 8 inch hex nut d...

Page 37: ...ting with the unit Such applications include RS3 and Indico Step 6 Ensure that the spectrometer is turned on Step 7 Start the Fiber Check application from the Start menu under All Programs ASD Programs RS3 Tools Fiber Check Step 8 Ensure that the IP address configured is the one for the spectrometer Figure 4 7 Magnifier for testing the internal fiber optic cable Figure 4 8 Fiber Check Program ...

Page 38: ... light Refer to Details about the Fiber Optic Cable and LEDs If applicable use the checkboxes and the Check button shown in Figure 4 8 to turn on and off different LEDs to help determine which range might be affected Note The RED LED for VNIR may be hard to see when the other ranges are enabled Step 12 When you are finished shutdown the Fiber Check application Step 13 Carefully remove the magnifie...

Page 39: ... region The fiber bundle of the external cable contains 44 fibers Each broken internal fiber results in an approximate 5 loss of response in that particular range VNIR SWIR1 or SWIR2 Each broken external fiber results in a few percentage loss of response over the entire range It is hard to quantify how a broken fiber in the external cable affects the response of any given range each time the exter...

Page 40: ...ASD Document 600541 Rev G 30 TerraSpec User Manual www asdi com Chapter 4 Fiber Optic Interface Notes ...

Page 41: ... when they are fully drained discharged to 9 Volts each use Letting the battery discharge under 9 Volts will shorten the battery s life If the battery is only used for 50 rated capacity up to 500 uses are possible In the same way using only 30 capacity can result in up to 1 000 uses Note There is no such thing as memory effect on these cells Only use them for the time needed After you re finished ...

Page 42: ...ment 5 2 Battery Charger The battery charger specifications Review the charger instruction manual for details LED Status indicator The LED will be ORANGE during charge The LED will turn GREEN when charge is completed The battery charger is designed for indoor use and should not come in contact with water or dust Note Do not unplug the charger and leave the batteries in the charger Remove the batte...

Page 43: ... The RS3 and Indico applications from ASD have a Power Status It is located at the bottom of the main window next to the Connection Status The voltage level of the spectrometer will be reported in the balloon type window 11 12 Volts is considered good full 11 Volts issues a warning Figure 5 1 Example of a Power Status ...

Page 44: ...ASD Document 600541 Rev G 34 TerraSpec User Manual www asdi com Chapter 5 Batteries Notes ...

Page 45: ...t materials allows for more precise image analysis and interpretation Spectroscopy can perform feasibility studies to understand if and how a process or material of interest can be detected using remote sensing Field spectra can be used to make direct material identifications in the field rather than collecting samples for later laboratory analysis The first step in the development of a field expe...

Page 46: ...eld is that the characteristics of the illumination are the same for the reference and target materials Variability of the illumination characteristics between the time the reference and target materials are measured will result in errors in the resultant spectra 6 2 Rocks Soils and Man Made Materials The shape of the spectral signature of rocks and soil tends to be invariant with respect to the v...

Page 47: ...60 0070 PH 603 927 4266 FX 603 927 4694 E mail sales labsphere com Website www labsphere com Spectralon is also available from ASD Step 7 Take a White Reference or baseline reference Step 8 Observe samples 6 3 2 Indico Application Step 1 Follow the instructions for plugging in the instrument and starting the Indico software Step 2 Attach an appropriate accessory Remember that the TerraSpec spectro...

Page 48: ...flectance probe has appropriate spacing or spacers on the end Step 11 Press the Space Bar once or select the Spectrum Take a Scan Alt S T When the TerraSpec spectrometer finishes recording and averaging the Spectra the graph in the project window will be updated to show the reflectance spectrum of the sample Step 12 Observe samples 6 4 White Reference A material with 95 99 reflectance across the e...

Page 49: ...able 6 1 shows the published reflectance data for an uncalibrated SRM 990 When SRM 990 is used as the white reference for a reflectance measurement with the TerraSpec spectrometer an even closer reflectance value for the sample can be calculated Table 6 1Labsphere s published reflectance data for uncalibrated Spectralon 0 5 Wavelength nm SRM 990 Uncalibrated Spectralon Reflectance 250 0 950 300 0 ...

Page 50: ...l under running water with a 220 240 grit waterproof emery cloth or sandpaper until the surface is totally hydrophobic water beads and runs off immediately Step 1 Use a flat surface such as a thick flat piece of glass Step 2 Place the glass into the sink Step 3 Place 220 grade wet sandpaper onto the glass Step 4 Gently move the Spectralon reference in a figure 8 motion on the sandpaper using water...

Page 51: ...ce Procedures Baseline references or white references should be collected approximately every 15 minutes while the instrument is warming up thereafter every hour or so is sufficient The Spectralon puck should be used when optimizing and taking a white reference measurement The TerraSpec spectrometer should be re optimized for Light changes Temperature changes Whenever accessory probes are changed ...

Page 52: ...ASD Document 600541 Rev G 42 TerraSpec User Manual www asdi com Chapter 6 Field Measurements Notes ...

Page 53: ...requency interference in close proximity can cause loss of communication or significantly shorten the communication range The TerraSpec spectrometer uses industry standard components You should see the same general connection speed and distance capabilities as other wireless devices A 2 Does Not Connect to the Spectrometer Refer to section A 1 Common Communication Fixes Check that the Ethernet cab...

Page 54: ...by select Start Run Type cmd in the Run window Select OK to open the window For an Ethernet connection type ping 10 1 1 11 For a wireless connection type ping 10 1 1 77 The default IP Address for the ASD spectrometer is 10 1 1 11 for the Ethernet interface or 10 1 1 77 for the wireless interface Figure A 1 Run window with cmd Figure A 2 Successful result of a ping operation ...

Page 55: ... 10 1 1 77 for the wireless interface The default subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 The computer s Ethernet adapter or wireless adapter must have a unique IP address in the same range as the spectrometer such as 10 1 1 x where x is a unique number The subnet mask must also be the same as the spectrometer such as 255 255 255 0 Check to make sure the wireless adapter is connected to the spectrometer For ...

Page 56: ... wireless interface on the spectrometer is not set to ad hoc Check to make sure the SSID of the spectrometer is the same as the access point If you are using encryption then make sure you are using the same WEP key in the spectrometer as the access point Move the access point spectrometer and instrument controller computer to the same room to test the connection Figure A 3 Wireless Network Connect...

Page 57: ...Wall ceilings doors buildings hills etc can degrade the signal of the spectrometer and computer A 6 Wireless Interface is Disabled in the Netcfg Application Refer to section A 1 Common Communication Fixes Check to make sure the wireless adapter is in the same range as the spectrometer The default IP Address for the ASD spectrometer is 10 1 1 11 for the Ethernet interface or 10 1 1 77 for the wirel...

Page 58: ...ASD Document 600541 Rev G 48 TerraSpec User Manual www asdi com Appendix A Troubleshooting Notes ...

Page 59: ...diance from a source at each wavelength throughout the spectrum A spectroradiometer is a special kind of spectrometer Note Only the FieldSpec spectrometer is configured as a spectroradiometer The reason is that the fiber optic cable significantly affects the calibration required to measure radiance The FieldSpec instrument has a fixed fiber optic cable routed directly through the front panel to th...

Page 60: ...is spectrometer AgriSpec is a general purpose spectrometer designed for agriculture and the field analysis of vegetation and soils Its resolution is ideally suited for performing reflectance and transmittance spectral measurements of samples that have broad absorptions features This spectrometer can use nearly all of the accessories containing a light source such as the plant probe and leaf clip L...

Page 61: ...of the sample B 1 6 What spectrum average or sample count should I use When used with the Hi Bright MugLite or Contact Probe it is usually sufficient to use 30 scans in the spectrum averaging for the sample and 60 scans for the white reference The white reference isn t taken as often which is why you would want to include more scans in its averaging The signal to noise measurement increases with t...

Page 62: ...ent accessories and fiber optic cables The TerraSpec spectrometer measures only reflectance and transmission measurements B 1 9 Can I post process my data Yes ViewSpec is one of many applications that can post process your data Various software packages are available for chemometric model The spectral data can be imported into many different applications The complete specification of the ASD file ...

Page 63: ...using the bare optics or sampling devices B 1 13 What can cause more noise in my data from last time Many factors can cause noise in your data from one session to another Noise in a measurement is related to the instrument the signal level and noise in the light source Many times the appearance of noise is actually a decrease in the strength of the signal as opposed to an increase in noise Under n...

Page 64: ...ure is enabled in the RS3 application software To configure the GPS Step 1 Select either GPS Settings pull down menu item Alt G S key combination RS3 requires the output of the GPS device to be in the National Marine Electronics Association NMEA format Check your GPS device documentation for output and port settings Normally the Baud rate 4800 Data bits 8 Parity none and Stop bits 1 settings will ...

Page 65: ...d to the spectrometer its alignment with the fibers of the internal cable will most likely be different A few broken fibers is not critical when measuring reflectance because this is a ratio Any noise introduced by the broken fibers in measuring the sample were also present when measuring the white reference and therefore cancels out The fibers are protected by a metal spiral inside the black cabl...

Page 66: ...esult in up to 1 000 uses Note The limiting factor for how long you can work in the field may be the battery in the instrument controller rather than the spectrometer s batteries B 1 18 What type of Ethernet cable can I use for the static IP configuration The spectrometer can be plugged directly into the instrument controller using a cross over shielded Ethernet cable When the spectrometer and ins...

Page 67: ...In addition the ASD application software will stack up your keystroke entries and execute them later in the order they were received It is important that you wait for the collection to finish before entering the commands to launch another operation Don t rush into new operations or into issuing new commands until you see the results of the current command B 1 21 How long does it take for the Terra...

Page 68: ...d cannot be set manually The Gain Value is the inverse of actual gain A decrease in Gain Value will produce a higher gain The maximum Gain Value is 16 Under the low light levels that create such a gain small changes in Offset will translate into large changes in dynamic range Offset causes a downward shift from Y 32 768 DN in a SWIR spectrum such that the max value of the spectrum and the minimum ...

Page 69: ...educing noise through spectrum averaging However spectrum averaging takes more time per spectrum B 6 Temperature Effects The TerraSpec spectrometer instruments have thermo electrically cooled SWIR detectors to 25 C significantly reducing noise in those areas When the system fails due to extreme temperature it will fail gradually but the data won t make perfect sense Shut down and let the instrumen...

Page 70: ... to 5 pm Mountain Standard Time We will happily respond to your e mail queries as well B 8 W E E E Compliance Analytical Spectral Devices supports the W E E E Regulation ASD marks the instruments with the symbol at the left to show that this product has entered the market place after August 13 2005 If you decide to end the use of the spectrometer please do not discard as general waste ASD will acc...

Page 71: ...oidal wave 52 E Ethernet 15 Ethernet cable 56 Ethernet interface 4 F fiber check 26 fiber optic cables 21 fiber optics 21 fiberoptic interface 21 field of view 53 FieldSpec 50 Frequently Asked Questions FAQ 49 G gain 58 GPS 54 H hardware specifications 2 I illumination 36 instrument controller 5 interface requirement 4 L LabSpec 50 language settings Windows 5 LED fiber optic check 26 light sources...

Page 72: ...9 spectrometer 49 does not connect 43 theory of operation 6 spectroradiometer 49 spectrum averaging 59 spectrum average 51 steps in data 53 support ii SWIR 7 T technical support ii temperature effects 59 TerraSpec 50 trademarks ii trigger 17 U units of radiance 52 V ventilation 19 visible near infrared 6 VNIR 6 VNIR dark current 54 VNIR spikes 52 W warm up 57 wavelength specification 3 white refer...

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