85
A
A
K
K
7
7
6
6
F
F
-
-
4
4
0
0
0
0
N
N
O
O
n
n
l
l
i
i
n
n
e
e
M
M
a
a
n
n
u
u
a
a
l
l
S
S
P
P
D
D
(
(
S
S
e
e
r
r
i
i
a
a
l
l
P
P
r
r
e
e
s
s
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e
n
n
c
c
e
e
D
D
e
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t
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c
c
t
t
)
)
SPD is a small ROM or
EEPROM
device resided on the DIMM or
RIMM
. SPD stores memory module information such as DRAM timing
and chip parameters. SPD can be used by
BIOS
to decide best timing for this DIMM or RIMM.
U
U
S
S
B
B
2
2
.
.
0
0
(
(
U
U
n
n
i
i
v
v
e
e
r
r
s
s
a
a
l
l
S
S
e
e
r
r
i
i
a
a
l
l
B
B
u
u
s
s
)
)
A Universal Serial Bus (USB) is an external bus (an interconnection) standard that supports data transfer rates of 12 Mbps. A single USB
port can be used to connect up to 127 peripheral devices, such as mouse, modems and keyboards. Introduced in 1996, USB has
completed replaced serial and parallel ports. It also supports plug-and-play installations and hot plugging Plug-and-play is the ability to add
and remove devices to a computer while the computer is running and have the operating system automatically recognize the change. USB
2.0, which supports data transfer rates of 480 Mbps, has been widely used in motherboard these days.
V
V
C
C
M
M
(
(
V
V
i
i
r
r
t
t
u
u
a
a
l
l
C
C
h
h
a
a
n
n
n
n
e
e
l
l
M
M
e
e
m
m
o
o
r
r
y
y
)
)
NEC’s Virtual Channel Memory (VCM) is a new DRAM core architecture that dramatically improves the memory system’s ability to service
multimedia requirements. VCM increases memory bus efficiency and performance of any DRAM technology by providing a set of fast static
registers between the memory core and I/O pins. Using VCM technology results in reduced data access latency and reduced power
consumption.
W
W
i
i
r
r
e
e
l
l
e
e
s
s
s
s
L
L
A
A
N
N
–
–
8
8
0
0
2
2
.
.
1
1
1
1
b
b
802.11 is a specification developed by IEEE and Wireless LAN technology, which is an interface between a wireless client and a base
station or between two wireless clients.
802.11 family includes the following specifications and with more coming:
