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Agilent Technologies 85056A User'S And Service Manual Download Page 33

85056A 

 

3-15

Use, Maintenance, and Care of the Devices

Connections

Connections

Good connections require a skilled operator. 

The most common cause of measurement error 

is bad connections. 

The following procedures illustrate how to make good connections.

How to Make a Connection

Preliminary Connection

1. Ground yourself and all devices. Wear a grounded wrist strap and work on a grounded, 

conductive table mat. Refer to 

“Electrostatic Discharge” on page 3-2

 for ESD 

precautions.

2. Visually inspect the connectors. Refer to 

“Visual Inspection” on page 3-4

.

3. If necessary, clean the connectors. Refer to 

“Cleaning Connectors” on page 3-5

.

4. Use a connector gage to verify that all center conductors are within the observed pin 

depth values in 

Table 2-2 on page 2-4

. Refer to 

“Gaging Connectors” on page 3-7

.

5. Carefully align the connectors. The male connector center pin must slip concentrically 

into the contact finger of the female connector.

6. Push the connectors straight together and tighten the connector nut finger tight.

CAUTION

Do 

not

 turn the device body. Only turn the connector nut. Damage to the 

center conductor can occur if the device body is twisted.

Do 

not

 twist or screw the connectors together. As the center conductors mate, there is 

usually a slight resistance.

7. The preliminary connection is tight enough when the mating plane surfaces make 

uniform, light contact. Do not overtighten this connection.

A connection in which the outer conductors make gentle contact at all points on both 
mating surfaces is sufficient. Very light finger pressure is enough to accomplish this.

8. Make sure the connectors are properly supported. Relieve any side pressure on the 

connection from long or heavy devices or cables.

Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench

Use a torque wrench to make a final connection. 

Table 3-1

 provides information about the 

torque wrench recommended for use with the calibration kit. A torque wrench is included 
in the calibration kit. Refer to 

Table 6-1 on page 6-2

 for replacement part number and 

ordering information.

Table 3-1

Torque Wrench Information

Connector Type

Torque Setting

Torque Tolerance

2.4 mm

90 N-cm (8 in-lb)

± 

9.0 N-cm (

± 

0.8 in-lb)

Summary of Contents for 85056A

Page 1: ...Agilent Technologies 85056A 2 4 mm Precision Calibration Kit Agilent Part Number 85056 90020 Printed in USA Print Date May 2004 Supersedes January 2002 Copyright 1996 2000 2002 2004 Agilent Technologies Inc All rights reserved ...

Page 2: ...OCUMENT THAT CONFLICT WITH THESE TERMS THE WARRANTY TERMS IN THE SEPARATE AGREEMENT WILL CONTROL DFARS Restricted Rights Notice If software is for use in the performance of a U S Government prime contract or subcontract Software is delivered and licensed as Commercial computer software as defined in DFAR 252 227 7014 June 1995 or as a commercial item as defined in FAR 2 101 a or as Restricted comp...

Page 3: ...entation from the Web download the PDF file from the Agilent web site Go to http www agilent com Enter the document s part number located on the title page in the Quick Search box Click GO Click on the hyperlink for the document Click the printer icon located in the tool bar ...

Page 4: ...iv ...

Page 5: ...ication 2 6 3 Use Maintenance and Care of the Devices Electrostatic Discharge 3 2 Visual Inspection 3 4 Look for Obvious Defects and Damage First 3 4 What Causes Connector Wear 3 4 Inspect the Mating Plane Surfaces 3 4 Inspect Female Connectors 3 5 Cleaning Connectors 3 5 Gaging Connectors 3 7 Connector Gage Accuracy 3 7 When to Gage Connectors 3 8 Gaging Procedures 3 9 Gaging 2 4 mm Connectors 3 ...

Page 6: ... Kit for Recertification 4 3 5 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Process 5 2 Returning a Kit or Device to Agilent 5 3 Contacting Agilent 5 4 6 Replaceable Parts Introduction 6 2 A Standard Definitions Version Changes A 2 Standard Class Assignments A 3 Blank Forms A 7 Nominal Standard Definitions A 11 Setting the System Impedance A 11 Blank Form A 15 ...

Page 7: ...1 1 1 General Information ...

Page 8: ...s excellent stability and return loss Offset Opens and Shorts The offset opens and shorts are built from parts that are machined to the current state of the art in precision machining The offset short s inner conductors have a one piece construction common with the shorting plane The construction provides for extremely repeatable connections The offset opens have inner conductors that are supporte...

Page 9: ...lyzers the calibration definitions must be manually entered into the analyzer Refer to your network analyzer user s guide or embedded help system for instructions Options The following option is available for the 85056A Option 910 This option adds an additional copy of the user s and service guide this manual Equipment Required but Not Supplied Connector cleaning supplies and various electrostatic...

Page 10: ... of this manual with the following information your company name and address the name of a technical contact person within your company and the person s complete phone number the model number and serial number of the kit the part number and serial number of the device the type of service required a detailed description of the problem ...

Page 11: ...ONLY In contrast during a measurement calibration the network analyzer softkey menus label a 1 85 mm calibration device with reference to the sex of the analyzer s test port connector not the calibration device connector For example the label SHORT F refers to the short that is to be connected to the female test port This Table 1 1 Serial Number Record for the 85056A Device Serial Number Calibrati...

Page 12: ...leaning proper gaging proper connection techniques All of these are described in Chapter 3 Failure to detect and remove dirt or metallic particles on a mating plane surface can degrade repeatability and accuracy and can damage any connector mated to it Improper connections resulting from pin depth values being out of the observed limits see Table 2 2 on page 2 4 or from bad connection techniques c...

Page 13: ...2 1 2 Specifications ...

Page 14: ...equirements Parameter Limits Temperature Operatinga a The temperature range over which the calibration standards maintain conformance to their specifications 20 C to 26 C Storage 40 C to 75 C Error corrected rangeb b The allowable network analyzer ambient temperature drift during measurement calibration and during measurements when the network analyzer error correction is turned on Also the range ...

Page 15: ... 7 explains how to use gages to determine if the kit devices have maintained their mechanical integrity Refer to Table 2 2 on page 2 4 for typical and observed pin depth limits Pin Depth Pin depth is the distance the center conductor mating plane differs from being flush with the outer conductor mating plane See Figure 2 1 The pin depth of a connector can be in one of two states either protruding ...

Page 16: ...vice Typical Pin Depth Measurement Uncertaintya a Approximately 2 sigma to 2 sigma of gage uncertainty based on studies done at the factory according to recommended procedures Observed Pin Depth Limitsb b Observed pin depth limits are the range of observation limits seen on the gage reading due to measurement uncertainty The depth could still be within specifications Opens 0 to 0 0127 mm 0 to 0 00...

Page 17: ... the sliding element Return loss 42 dΒ ρ 0 00794 4 to 20 male and female Return loss 40 dΒ ρ 0 01000 20 to 36 Return loss 38 dB ρ 0 01259 36 to 40 Return loss 36 dB ρ 0 01585 40 to 50 Adapters Return loss 32 dΒ ρ 0 02512 dc to 4 Return loss 30dΒ ρ 0 03162 4 to 26 5 Return loss 25dB ρ 0 05623 26 5 to 40 Return loss 20 dB ρ 0 10000 40 to 50 Offset opensb b The specifications for the opens and shorts...

Page 18: ...ctory Agilent further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST to the extent allowed by the institute s calibration facility and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members See How Agilent Verifies the Devices in Your Kit on page 4 2 for more information ...

Page 19: ...3 1 3 Use Maintenance and Care of the Devices ...

Page 20: ...le mat while making connections always wear a heel strap when working in an area with a conductive floor If you are uncertain about the conductivity of your floor wear a heel strap always ground yourself before you clean inspect or make a connection to a static sensitive device or test port You can for example grasp the grounded outer shell of the test port or cable connector briefly always ground...

Page 21: ...85056A 3 3 Use Maintenance and Care of the Devices Electrostatic Discharge Figure 3 1 ESD Protection Setup ...

Page 22: ...re not connected properly Connector wear eventually degrades performance of the device Calibration devices should have a long life if their use is on the order of a few times per week Replace devices with worn connectors The test port connectors on the network analyzer test set may have many connections each day and are therefore more subject to wear It is recommended that an adapter be used as a ...

Page 23: ...n measurements with conventional slotted female connectors The precision slotless connector was developed to eliminate this problem The PSC has a center conductor with a solid cylindrical shell the outside diameter of which does not change when mated Instead this center conductor has an internal contact that flexes to accept the male pin Cleaning Connectors Clean connectors are essential for ensur...

Page 24: ... connector that cannot be removed with compressed air or nitrogen Refer to Table 6 2 on page 6 3 for part numbers for isopropyl alcohol and cleaning swabs a Apply a small amount of isopropyl alcohol to a lint free cleaning swab b Clean the connector threads c Let the alcohol evaporate then blow the threads dry with a gentle stream of clean low pressure compressed air or nitrogen Always completely ...

Page 25: ...t average can be in error by as much as 0 0001 inch due to systematic biasing errors usually resulting from worn gages and gage masters The information in Table 2 2 on page 2 4 assumes new gages and gage masters Therefore these systematic errors were not included in the uncertainty analysis As the gages undergo more use the systematic errors can become more significant in the accuracy of the measu...

Page 26: ...ture readings It will serve as a good troubleshooting tool when you suspect damage may have occurred to the device If either visual inspection or electrical performance suggests that the connector interface may be out of typical range due to wear or damage for example If a calibration device is used by someone else or on another system or piece of equipment Initially after every 100 connections an...

Page 27: ...nformation c As you watch the gage pointer gently tap the barrel of the gage to settle the reading The gage pointer should line up exactly with the zero mark on the gage If not adjust the zero set knob until the gage pointer lines up exactly with the zero mark d Remove the gage master 4 Gage the device connector refer to Figure 3 2 a While holding the gage by the barrel and without turning the gag...

Page 28: ...3 10 85056A Use Maintenance and Care of the Devices Gaging Connectors Figure 3 2 Gaging 2 4 mm Connectors ...

Page 29: ...rotating use the torque wrench included in the kit to tighten the connecting nut to the specified torque Refer to Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench on page 3 15 for additional information c As you watch the gage pointer gently tap the barrel of the gage to settle the reading The gage pointer should line up exactly with the zero mark on the gage If not adjust the zero set knob until the gage p...

Page 30: ...e locking the handle Do not force the handle past the locked position h Move the center conductor pullback mechanism back away from the connector end of the sliding load and place the pullback handle in its locked position i Gently tap the barrel of the gage with your finger to settle the gage reading j Read the gage indicator dial Read only the black signs not the red signs For maximum accuracy m...

Page 31: ...t Return the center conductor pullback mechanism to the rear of the sliding load and return the pullback handle to its locked position Adjusting the Sliding Load Pin Depth The sliding loads in this kit have a setback mechanism that allows the pin depth to be set to any desired value The pin depth of the sliding load is preset at the factory The pin depth should not have to be reset each time the s...

Page 32: ...ble range perform step 4 again 7 Move the center conductor pullback handle to the unlocked position and then back to the locked position The gage reading should return to the value previously set If not repeat steps 4 through 7 8 Return to Gaging the 2 4 mm Sliding Loads on page 3 11 Figure 3 4 Adjusting the Sliding Load Pin Depth ...

Page 33: ...en the connector nut finger tight CAUTION Do not turn the device body Only turn the connector nut Damage to the center conductor can occur if the device body is twisted Do not twist or screw the connectors together As the center conductors mate there is usually a slight resistance 7 The preliminary connection is tight enough when the mating plane surfaces make uniform light contact Do not overtigh...

Page 34: ...enches within 90 degrees of each other before applying force See Figure 3 5 Wrenches opposing each other greater than 90 degrees apart will cause a lifting action which can misalign and stress the connections of the devices involved This is especially true when several devices are connected together Figure 3 5 Wrench Positions 2 Hold the torque wrench lightly at the end of the handle only beyond t...

Page 35: ...in alignment with the mating connector while making the connection 3 Keep the center conductor extended by holding the center conductor pullback mechanism toward the connector end of the sliding load Align the sliding load with the mating connector on the cable or test port to which it is being connected and mate the sliding load center conductor with the center conductor of the cable or test port...

Page 36: ...nly turn the connector nut Damage to the center conductor can occur if the device body is twisted If disconnecting a sliding load leave the center conductor pullback handle in the locked position 1 Use an open end wrench to prevent the device body from turning 2 Use another open end wrench to loosen the connecting nut 3 Complete the separation by hand turning only the connecting nut 4 Pull the con...

Page 37: ...e you connect the load for use Reinsert this support bead when you are finished using the sliding load 1 Move the sliding ring forward as far as possible toward the connector end of the load 2 Move the sliding ring back until you feel it detent at the first set mark You should see the two uncovered set marks between the back surface of the sliding ring and the center conductor pullback end of the ...

Page 38: ...Do not touch mating plane surfaces Natural skin oils and microscopic particles of dirt are easily transferred to a connector interface and are very difficult to remove Do not set connectors contact end down on a hard surface The plating and the mating plane surfaces can be damaged if the interface comes in contact with any hard surface Do not store connectors loose in a box or in a desk or bench d...

Page 39: ...4 1 4 Performance Verification ...

Page 40: ...es are carefully modeled to give very accurate electrical representation The mechanical measurements are then traced to NIST through various plug and ring gages and other mechanical measurements 2 Each calibration device is electrically tested on this system For the initial before sale testing of the calibration devices Agilent includes the test measurement uncertainty as a guardband to guarantee ...

Page 41: ...ologies See page 5 4 for contact information How Often to Recertify The suggested initial interval for recertification is 12 months or sooner The actual need for recertification depends on the use of the kit After reviewing the results of the initial recertification you may establish a different recertification interval that reflects the usage and wear of the kit NOTE The recertification interval ...

Page 42: ...4 4 85056A Performance Verification Recertification ...

Page 43: ...5 1 5 Troubleshooting ...

Page 44: ...ooting Troubleshooting Process Troubleshooting Process If you suspect a bad calibration or if your network analyzer does not pass performance verification follow the steps in Figure 5 1 Figure 5 1 Troubleshooting Flowchart ...

Page 45: ... tag located near the end of this manual on which you provide the following information your company name and address a technical contact person within your company and the person s complete phone number the model number and serial number of the kit the part number and serial number of each device the type of service required a detailed description of the problem and how the device was being used ...

Page 46: ...820 87 44 11 fax 0820 87 44 22 Belgium tel 32 0 2 404 9340 alt 32 0 2 404 9000 fax 32 0 2 404 9395 Denmark tel 45 7013 1515 alt 45 7013 7313 fax 45 7013 1555 Finland tel 358 10 855 2100 fax 358 10 855 2923 France tel 0825 010 700 alt 33 0 1 6453 5623 fax 0825 010 701 Germany tel 01805 24 6333 alt 01805 24 6330 fax 01805 24 6336 Ireland tel 353 0 1 890 924 204 alt 353 0 1 890 924 206 fax 353 0 1 89...

Page 47: ...6 1 6 Replaceable Parts ...

Page 48: ...ion Kita Description Qty per kit Agilent Part Number Calibration Devices 2 4 mm Male broadband load 1 00901 60003 Female broadband load 1 00901 60004 Male sliding load 1 00915 60003 Female sliding load 1 00915 60004 Male offset open 1 85056 60022 Female offset open 1 85056 60023 Male offset short 1 85056 60020 Female offset short 1 85056 60021 Adapters 2 4 mm Male to male 1 85056 60005 Female to f...

Page 49: ...b Refer to See Printing Copies of Documentation from the Web on page iii Table 6 2 Items Not Included in the Calibration Kit Description Qty Agilent Part Number Open End Wrench 5 16 in open end wrench 1 8720 0015 ESD Protection Devices Grounding wrist strap 1 9300 1367 5 ft grounding cord for wrist strap 1 9300 0980 2 ft by 4 ft conductive table mat with 15 ft grounding wire 1 9300 0797 ESD heel s...

Page 50: ...6 4 85056A Replaceable Parts Introduction Figure 6 1 Replaceable Parts for the 85056A Calibration Kit ...

Page 51: ...85056A 6 5 Replaceable Parts Introduction Figure 6 2 Replaceable Parts for the 85056A Calibration Kit ...

Page 52: ...6 6 85056A Replaceable Parts Introduction ...

Page 53: ...A 1 A Standard Definitions ...

Page 54: ...finitions Version Changes Version Changes Class assignments and standard definitions may change as more accurate model and calibration methods are developed The disk shipped with the kit will contain the most recent version ...

Page 55: ...nments for the 8510 Network Analyzer Disk File Name CK_24MMA4 Calibration Kit Label 2 4 mm A 4 Class A B C D E F G Standard Class Label S11A 2 Open S11B 1 Short S11C 9 10 12 Loads S22A 2 Open S22B 1 Short S22C 9 10 12 Loads Forward transmission 11 Thru Reverse transmission 11 Thru Forward match 11 Thru Reverse match 11 Thru Forward isolationa a The forward isolation standard is also used for the i...

Page 56: ... Label S11A 2 Open S11B 1 Short S11C 3 5 6 Loads S22A 2 Open S22B 1 Short S22C 3 5 6 Loads Forward transmission 4 Thru Reverse transmission 4 Thru Forward match 4 Thru Reverse match 4 Thru Response 1 2 4 Response Response isolation 1 2 4 Response TRL thru 4 Undefined TRL reflect 2 Undefined TRL line 3 5 6 Undefined TRL Option Cal Z0 _____ System Z0 __X__ Line Z0 Set ref __X__ Thru _____ Reflect ...

Page 57: ...tandards 2 If you are performing a TRM calibration S21T and S12T must be defined as thru standards S11A and S22A must be defined as reflection standards S11B S11C S22B and S22C must be defined as match standards 3 If you are performing an LRM calibration S21T and S12T must be defined as line standards Table A 3 Standard Class Assignments for the PNA Series Network Analyzer Calibration Kit Label 2 ...

Page 58: ...rd Class Assignments S11A and S22A must be defined as reflection standards S11B S11C S22B and S22C must be defined as match standards 4 S11B and S11C must be defined as the same standard 5 S22B and S22C must be defined as the same standard ...

Page 59: ..._______________ Calibration Kit Label ________________ Class A B C D E F G Standard Class Label S11A S11B S11C S22A S22B S22C Forward transmission Reverse transmission Forward match Reverse match Forward isolationa a The forward isolation standard is also used for the isolation part of the response and isolation calibration Reverse isolation Frequency response TRL thru TRL reflect TRL line Adapter...

Page 60: ... Label ________________ Class A B C D E F G Standard Class Label S11A S11B S11C S22A S22B S22C Forward transmission Reverse transmission Forward match Reverse match Response Response isolation TRL thru TRL reflect TRL line TRL Option Cal Z0 _____ System Z0 _____ Line Z0 Set ref _____ Thru _____ Reflect Lowband frequency ___________ ...

Page 61: ...ust be defined as line standards 2 If you are performing a TRM calibration S21T and S12T must be defined as thru standards S11A and S22A must be defined as reflection standards S11B S11C S22B and S22C must be defined as match standards 3 If you are performing an LRM calibration S21T and S12T must be defined as line standards Table A 6 Blank Form for the PNA Series Network Analyzer Calibration Kit ...

Page 62: ...ard Class Assignments S11A and S22A must be defined as reflection standards S11B S11C S22B and S22C must be defined as match standards 4 S11B and S11C must be defined as the same standard 5 S22B and S22C must be defined as the same standard ...

Page 63: ...ties of the network analyzer The standard definitions in Tables A 7 through A 9 list typical calibration kit parameters used to specify the mathematical model of each device This information must be loaded into the network analyzer to perform valid calibrations Refer to your network analyzer user s documentation for instructions on loading calibration definitions NOTE The values in the standard de...

Page 64: ...Coax Open 3 4 5 Opene 6 9558 1 0259 0 01435 0 0028 0 50 0 0 999 Coax 3 5 2 92 6 Opene 5 9588 11 195 0 5076 0 00243 0 50 0 0 999 Coax 3 5 SMA 7 Opene 13 4203 1 9452 0 5459 0 01594 0 50 0 0 999 Coax 2 92 SMA 8 Opene 8 9843 13 9923 0 3242 0 00112 0 50 0 0 999 Coax 2 4 1 85 9 Load Fxd 0 50 0 0 999 Coax Broadband 10 Load Sliding 0 50 0 3 999 999 Coax Sliding 11 Delay thru 0 50 0 0 999 Coax Thru 12 Load...

Page 65: ...de Standard Label Number Type Delay in ps Z 0 Ω Loss in GΩ s Min Max 1 Short 0 0 0 0 22 548 50 3 554 0 999 Coax Short 2 Open 29 72 165 78 3 54 0 07 20 837 50 3 23 0 999 Coax Open 3 Load Fxd 0 50 3 554 0 999 Coax Broadband 4 Delay thru 0 50 3 554 0 999 Coax Thru 5 Load Sliding 0 50 3 554 3 999 999 Coax Sliding 6 Load Fxd 0 50 3 554 0 4 001 Coax Lowband 7 8 a Ensure system Z0 of network analyzer is ...

Page 66: ...0 24 H Hz L2 10 33 H Hz 2 L3 10 45 H Hz 3 Delay in ps Z 0 Ω Loss in GΩ s Min Max 1 Shortc 2 1636 146 35 4 0443 0 0363 22 548 50 3 554 0 999 Coax Short 2 Openc 29 722 165 78 3 5385 0 0710 20 837 50 3 23 0 999 Coax Open 3 Load Fxd 0 50 3 554 0 999 Coax Broadband 4 Delay thru 0 50 3 554 0 999 Coax Thru 5 Load Sliding 0 50 3 554 3 999 999 Coax Sliding 6 Load Fxd 0 50 3 554 0 4 001 Coax Lowband 7 8 a E...

Page 67: ..._________________________ a Ensure system Z0 of network analyzer is set to this value Calibration Kit Label ___________________________ Standardb b Open short load delay thru or arbitrary impedance C0 10 15 F C1 10 27 F Hz C2 10 36 F Hz 2 C3 10 45 F Hz 3 Fixed or sliding c c Load or arbitrary impedance only Offset Frequency in GHz Coax or Waveguide Standard Label Number Type L0 10 12 H L1 10 24 H ...

Page 68: ...___________________ Standardb C0 10 15 F C1 10 27 F Hz C2 10 36 F Hz 2 C3 10 45 F Hz 3 Fixed or Sliding c Offset Frequency in GHz Coax or Waveguide Standard Label Number Type Delay in ps Z 0 Ω Loss in GΩ s Min Max 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 a Ensure system Z0 of network analyzer is set to this value b Open short load delay thru or arbitrary impedance c Load or arbitrary impedance only ...

Page 69: ...__ Standardb C0 10 18 F C1 10 30 F Hz C2 10 39 F H 2 C3 10 48 F Hz 3 Fixed or sliding Offset Frequency in GHz Coax or Waveguide Standard Label Number Type L0 10 12 H L1 10 24 H Hz L2 10 33 H Hz 2 L3 10 45 H Hz 3 Delay in ps Z 0 Ω Loss in GΩ s Min Max 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 a Ensure system Z0 of network analyzer is set to this value b Open short load delay thru or arbitrary impedance ...

Page 70: ...A 18 85056A Standard Definitions Nominal Standard Definitions ...

Page 71: ...racy 3 7 handling 3 7 3 9 3 11 part numbers 6 2 use of 3 7 zeroing 3 7 3 9 3 11 gaging 3 7 3 9 to determine pin depth 3 7 when to do 3 8 mating plane surfaces 3 6 cleaning 3 6 sex 1 5 slotless 3 5 threads cleaning 3 6 inspecting 3 4 visual inspection 3 4 wear 3 4 affect on electrical performance 3 4 contacting Agilent Technologies 5 3 contents calibration kit 6 4 6 5 drawing of 6 4 6 5 incomplete ...

Page 72: ...electrical performance 2 3 verifying 3 7 MIL STD 45662 calibration 4 3 N National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST 2 6 4 2 nitrogen for cleaning 3 5 nominal standard definitions A 11 numbers replaceable parts 6 2 serial 1 5 recording 1 5 O observed limits pin depth 2 4 offset opens part numbers 6 2 offset shorts part numbers 6 2 offsets 1 2 open end wrench 1 3 3 18 5 16 in part number 6 ...

Page 73: ...international 2 6 National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST 2 6 4 2 static discharge 3 2 electricity 3 2 storage 3 20 storage case part number 6 2 strap heel and wrist part number 6 3 supplies cleaning 1 3 part number 6 3 swabs cleaning 3 6 part number 6 3 system impedance A 11 T tag service 1 4 4 3 5 3 temperature affect on electrical performance 2 2 calibration 2 2 cautions about 2 2 c...

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