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CIA-HF

Complex Impedance Analyzer

Operating Manual

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Summary of Contents for CIA-HF

Page 1: ...CIA HF Complex Impedance Analyzer Operating Manual ...

Page 2: ...ined herein for purposes other than operation and or maintenance is prohibited without written authorization from AEA Wireless Inc All rights reserved Part Number 5012 3000 Rev X 5 98 1998 by AEA Wireless Inc All rights reserved This document and all software or firmware designed by AEA Wireless Inc is copyrighted and may not be copied or altered in any way without written consent from AEA Wireles...

Page 3: ...ple Antennas 10 Tuning and Transmission Lines and Stubs 11 Measuring Inductors and Capacitors 12 Tuning Antenna Traps 13 Determining Resonant Frequency 14 Determining Characteristic Impedance 14 Testing Baluns 14 Adjusting Antenna Tuners 15 Measuring Cable Length Distance to fault 15 Measuring Cable Loss 16 Other Applications 16 Remote Operation 17 SECTION 5 GLOSSARY 21 SECTION 6 INTERNAL ACCESS 2...

Page 4: ...pert mode provides the experienced user with four additional screens and more detailed data FEATURES u Graphical display of SWR total Impedance Resistance and Reactance vs frequency u Graphical vector display of Real Imaginary and total Impedance with Phase Angle u Data screen which displays Real and imaginary components of Impedance at a given frequency Theta phase between Real and Imaginary comp...

Page 5: ...ms Resistance Ranges 0 to 100 0 to 250 0 to 1000 ohms Return Loss Range 1 to 40 dB Phase Angle 90 to 90 Q Factor Range 1 to 100 defined as 2 1 Bandwidth Fc Measurement Speed Approximately 1 2 seconds sweep Antenna Connector SO 239 Output Power 5 mW into 50 ohms DC Voltmeter 2 5 digits 10 accuracy 25 volts maximum Power Requirements 8 AA Alkaline or Nicad cells 12 to 16 VDC 150 mA Battery Saver Mod...

Page 6: ...q key three times to set the width to 10 kHz The data block should now read W 10K DIV Fc 1 900 To simulate actual operation with the Analyzer still on attach the feedline of an 80 meter antenna to the antenna connector on top of the Analyzer The S screen and W 10K DIV Fc 1 900 data block should still be displayed Set the center frequency to 3 900 MHz by entering 3 9 0 0 ENTER on the keypad The Ana...

Page 7: ...ions To reduce the potential for interference the Analyzer s output power is less than 5 mW With a good antenna match however the reflected power can be up to 20dB lower alevel that can be masked by other transmitters SCREENS The Analyzer provides seven real time screens which include two data screens and five graphing screens The two real time data screens include the Data screen and the Numerica...

Page 8: ... D Data screen N Numerical Entry screen displays numbers entered on the keypad DEDICATED KEYS The dedicated keys which include all but the F1 F5 softkeys are used to adjust operational parameters The ON and OFF keys activate and deactivate respectively the Analyzer In the real time graphing screens the WIDTH keys determine the frequency sweep range represented in a plot refer to Frequency Sweep Ra...

Page 9: ...this EXAM mode only the width and center frequency values are accessible in the Data Box In addition the words EXAMINE PLOT are displayed in place of the Logo Box You cannot access any more data or make any plot changes in this mode Once you have finished examining a plot press EXAM PLOT again to resume normal operation NOTE In the EXAM mode power is removed from much of the Analyzer s circuitry E...

Page 10: ...cks and four additional real time screens Default Off F2 Grid While viewing the S Z R or X real time screens press the F2 softkey to superimpose a grid graticule over the plot The grid allows you to more precisely determine values within a plot Press F2 again to remove the grid Default Off F3 Data Box Use the F3 softkey to scroll through the data blocks located in the Data Box This key is useful b...

Page 11: ...eration the Analyzer continuously sweeps and plots a user selected frequency range This range termed the frequency sweep range is defined by the width and center frequency values Each tick mark on the horizontal axis represents an interval equal to the width value When the width is set to 100 kHz for example each tick mark represents an interval of 100 kHz Thus the total frequency sweep range repr...

Page 12: ... settings press any of the number keys to enter the Numerical Entry screen Then simply power the Analyzer off The next time you activate the Analyzer it will operate according to the factory default settings center frequency 14 200 MHz width 100 kHz frequency step size 10 kHz and scale 1 0 6 0 AUTOMATIC OFF The Analyzer is programmed to automatically power off after a five minute idle period in or...

Page 13: ...e minimum SWR 7 Press F5 to enter the Z screen A V or U shaped curve will appear indicating the absolute value of Impedance versus frequency 8 Press F5 again to enter the X screen The Reactance plot will dip down toward 0 ohms on the vertical scale at the resonant frequency If the resonant frequency is higher than the center frequency in the SWR plot you can assume the Reactance is Capacitive To t...

Page 14: ...gth to allow for fine tuning 3 Solder a coax PL 259 connector to one end of each cable 4 Attach the PL 259 connector to a T connector already attached to the antenna connector Attach a 50 ohm load to the other end of the T connector Figure 2 5 Turn the Analyzer on At this point follow the steps for either the Wave Cutting Method or the Wave Shorting Method FIGURE 2 T Connector Wave Cutting Method ...

Page 15: ...ble at this point and install a coax connector Your cable is now tuned 4 Repeat this process for the second phasing line You can also use the Wave Cutting or Wave Shorting methods described above to tune phasing lines any number of degrees for a particular frequency For example if you want to cut a transmission line for 21 at 3 795 kHz simply use the following equation to determine the frequency f...

Page 16: ...from the left side of the display leveling out as it approaches the right side 4 Adjust the center frequency value until you determine the point at which the Reactance is approximately 50 ohms 5 Press F3 until the Z xxx X xxx R xxx xxx data block is displayed The Phase Angle should read approximately 45 since the R and X values are roughly equal If it does not adjust the center frequency until it ...

Page 17: ...nding on the length of the cable hopefully at least 25 feet two or more sine waves will appear on the display 4 Use the potentiometer to adjust the plot for minimum amplitude variance on the sine waves 5 Now disconnect the potentiometer from the cable Use a volt ohmmeter to determine the Resistance of the potentiometer Usually a 50 ohm cable will read between 49 and 52 ohms of Resistance It is als...

Page 18: ...ncy Example Determining cable length the distance to an open or short present on a coax cable Process 1 Attach the coax cable under test to the antenna connector Turn the Analyzer on 2 Press F1 to access the user Menu screen Use the WIDTHq key to scroll down to the VF 50 open velocity factor selection 3 Use the FREQp and FREQq keys to change the velocity factor to a value between 0 50 and 0 99 The...

Page 19: ... enter the center frequency at which you want to determine Return Loss 3 Use F3 to scroll to the SWR xxx RL xxx data block The RL reading should be less than 2 dB depending on the center frequency selected Note this reading 4 Now attach the cable under test to the antenna connector Note the new Return Loss reading Confirm that the cable under test has either a direct short or a complete open at th...

Page 20: ...e terminated with the letter K If the Analyzer detects an incoming stream containing ten or more characters that is not terminated with the letter K it will output a and discard the characters All commands contain fewer than ten characters u All outgoing responses from the Analyzer are terminated with either a K or a The letter K indicates that the incoming command was properly executed and that n...

Page 21: ...Report width and center frequency xx 01 Report SWR and Return Loss xx 02 Report the Z R X and Angle at the center frequency xx 03 Report equivalent L C at center frequency xx 04 Report 2 1 Bandwidth Q xx 05 Report lower 2 1 frequency 20 upper 2 1 frequency xx 06 Report lower X 1 frequency X upper X 1 frequency xx 07 Report lower Y 1 frequency Y upper Y 1 frequency xx 08 Report minimum SWR frequenc...

Page 22: ... data point 96 12 6 MHz Z 111 6 Ohms 1138 Response data point 97 12 7 MHz Z 113 8 Ohms 1160 Response data point 98 12 8 MHz Z 116 0 Ohms 1180 Response data point 99 12 9 MHz Z 118 0 Ohms 1205 K Response data point 100 13 0 MHz Z 120 5 Ohms END B99K Command to Analyzer power off No response Analyzer is powered off B Response from Analyzer 10 12345K Response width 10 kHz per data point center freque...

Page 23: ...Analyzer report frequency low high for USER 1 bandwidth B Response from Analyzer 6850 18 9350 K Response frequency low 6 85 MHz BW 1 8 1 frequency high 9 35 MHz B08K Command to Analyzer report minimum SWR and frequency at the minimum SWR B Response from Analyzer 105 8100K Response minimum SWR detected 1 05 at 8 1 MHz B10K Command to Analyzer report lower center and upper frequency B Response from ...

Page 24: ...21 ...

Page 25: ... letter identifying the currently displayed screen located in the lower right corner of each real time graphing screen Plot The analog display of various antenna values relative to frequency Q factor As it relates to the Analyzer this value which is calculated by dividing the center frequency by the 2 1 SWR bandwidth provides a relative indication of how sharp an antenna or tuned circuit is Reacta...

Page 26: ... Menu A display screen separate from the seven primary screens used to define keys initiate self diagnostic tests set the display contrast level select special functions enter the voltmeter mode etc SECTION 6 INTERNAL ACCESS BATTERY REPLACEMENT Confirm that the Analyzer is off before replacing the batteries Then remove the two screws behind the rubber foot to access the battery compartment To avoi...

Page 27: ...to the Analyzer u Make sure all cables are securely connected Check cable continuity with an ohmmeter If you can t solve the problem yourself please let us try to help you over the phone before sending in the unit Many of the products we receive for service are in perfect working order Calling us for technical assistance can save you both time and money For application and troubleshooting assistan...

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