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English
Haemorrhoid Model
The model is a life-size frontal section of the approx. last 6 cm of the rectum (anal canal/rectum). A smaller
relief of the rectum is displayed on a pedestal. The observer has a view of the sectioned sphincter as well
as of the rectum's mucous membrane. Unstriated muscles and the sphincter are shown on the back of the
model. The replica shows healthy internal arteriovenous and external venous gluteal reticula of the rec-
tum, the four stages of haemorrhoids and external haemorrhoids.
Model:
1. Anal cushion
(healthy)
2. Plexus venosus rectalis externus
(healthy): formed by the external branches of the vena
rectalis inferior
3. Haemorrhoids stage I:
slight bulging, not visible or externally palpable (upper
linea dentate)
4. Haemorrhoids stage II:
nodules protrude when pressed, retract automatically
5. External haemorrhoids:
often only appear as bruises (haematoma) between the
rectum and the
normal skin (zona anocutanea)
Relief:
1. Haemorrhoids stage III:
nodules protrude when pressed, can be reinserted with
the finger
2. Haemorrhoids stage IV:
permanent haemorrhoidal nodules that cannot be reinser-
ted
