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Waveform Harmonic Content

WAVEFORM HARMONIC CONTENT

In addition to sinewaves (pure tones), the TX81Z operators can use 7 more complex waveforms, These wave-

forms are not modeled after any “real” instrument, but are mathematical transformations of sinewaves.

Here is the harmonic content of each waveform. The amplitude (volume) of each harmonic partial is given as a

percentage of the fundamental.

W1
Sine wave. Only fundamental.

Even partials.

Partials 2, 3, 5, 7, 9 . . . . (stronger partials than W4)

Second partial is stronger than fundamental.

Odd partials somewhat like a square wave

Partials 2, 3, 5, 7, . . . . . . .

W6
Partials 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, . . . (no 4, 8, . . . .)
Second partial is stronger than fundamental.

Partials 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, . . . (no 2, 6, 10, . . .)

Partials 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 11, . . . . (no 2, 6, 8, 10 . . . .)

–50–

Содержание TX-81Z

Страница 1: ...YAMAHA AUTHORIZED PRODUCT MANUAL FM TONE GENERATOR...

Страница 2: ...YAMAHA FM TONE GENERATOR OWNER S MANUAL...

Страница 3: ...CONTENTS 1 FEATURES 2 SIMPLE PLAYING INSTRUCTIONS 3 CONNECTIONS 3 ADJUST VOLUME 3 SELECT VOICES 4 TX81Z PRESET VOICENAMES 4 HOW DOES THE TX81Z WORK 5 FRONT REAR PANEL 7 PLAY SINGLE 11 STORE VOICE 11...

Страница 4: ...dent LFOs and a Vibrato Generator While voice and function data is compatible with DX21 27 27S 100 voice data the sound quality has been upgraded and the resolution of the EGs has been improved 128 RO...

Страница 5: ...produce sound Adjust the TX81Z output volume ADJUST VOLUME by pressing the MASTER VOLUME keys The LCD will show a bar graph indicating the volume To adjust volume the CURSOR LED must be off LED is of...

Страница 6: ...ss SpitBoneBC Horns BC MelloTenor RaspAlto Flute Pan Floot Basson Oboe Clarinet Harmonica DoubleBass BowCello BoxCello SoloViolin HiString 1 LowString Pizzicato Harp ReverbStrg SynString Voices HarmoP...

Страница 7: ...hange table p 26 Set pan delay and chord effects p 29 And other useful functions Here are the main memory areas inside the TX81Z Voice Memory p 11 There are 5 voice memory banks each with 32 voices Ba...

Страница 8: ...h performance can use one of the three effects Program Change Table p 26 Incoming program change messages can select any thing you want voices or performance memories Program Change Table Incoming Sel...

Страница 9: ...In SINGLE mode this enters SINGLE EDIT mode and selects the edited voice or the original voice The blinking EDIT COMPARE LED indicates that the original voice is selected In PERFORMANCE mode this ente...

Страница 10: ...ED is on these keys move the blinking cursor CURSOR This selects the function of the MASTER VOLUME CURSOR keys PHONES A jack for standard stereo headphones The volume is controlled by MASTER VOLUME Se...

Страница 11: ...SINGLE MODE In this mode the TX81Z will act as a single 8 note polyphonic instrument Single mode also allows you to create or edit voices...

Страница 12: ...bank A and so on When the TX81Z is shipped the internal user memories I01 132 contain selected voices from banks A D STORE VOICE You can store the currently selected voice edited or not in the Interna...

Страница 13: ...ght and the EDITING LCD will show the previously edited parameter Use the PARAMETER keys to PROCEDURE move through the parameters Use the DATA ENTRY keys to change the data value When the LCD shows se...

Страница 14: ...o return to edit mode press EDIT COMPARE once more Compare original voice Algorithm This is where you select the Algorithm or arrangement of operators Operator 1 4 on off In addition to the algorithm...

Страница 15: ...regulate the LFO signal going to the operators and the Sensitivity settings determine how the operators will react to the LFO signal As you can see the modulation you set in the LFO does NOT go DIREC...

Страница 16: ...Delay which is adjust able from 0 no delay to 99 about 15 seconds delay This controls the amount of Pitch Modulation that will be present regardless of the Function Settings When this value is above 0...

Страница 17: ...operator EG Bias is a control signal that directly affects the output level of an operator It has nothing to do with the LFO There is a Voice Function parameter p 22 that lets a Breath Controller cont...

Страница 18: ...the cursor to xxx you can set the oscillator mode to RATIO or FIX If Fixed Mode is selected you can set the Fixed Frequency Range see below Ratio 0 50 27 57 The standard ratio is 1 00 le when a operat...

Страница 19: ...ibed on p 50 Detune The frequency of each operator can be moved slightly higher or lower By detuning two carriers in opposite directions you can create a detune chorus effect By detuning a modulator a...

Страница 20: ...range is compressed to the specified range For example if EG Shift is 24 the EG will change the operator output level over a range of 0 to 24dB and the operator output level will be at 24dB even befo...

Страница 21: ...and raising the level of a modulator will often increase the loudness as well Scaling Answer YES to this display and use the PARAMETER keys to select the two scaling parameters Rate Scaling 0 3 On an...

Страница 22: ...ll be remembered as long as you continue pressing them and in PERFORMANCE mode up to 5 notes will be remembered P Bend Range 0 12 This determines the range in semitones of the pitch bend effect When s...

Страница 23: ...position of the controller BC Pitch 0 99 will have no effect on the amount of LFO modulation BC Amplitude 0 99 BC Pitch Bias 50 50 This allows you to directly control the pitch using a Breath Controll...

Страница 24: ...ic of reverb Rev Rate Effect off No effect 1 EG Release Rate 1 long reverb 7 EG Release Rate 7 short reverb Note that if the OP1 EG Attack Rate is 0 the sound may linger for quite a while after the no...

Страница 25: ...X81Z To enter Utility mode press UTILITY while in PLAY SINGLE or EDIT SINGLE mode Select parameters using the PARAMETER keys If the LCD shows xxxx you can press YES and use the PARAMETER keys to selec...

Страница 26: ...change messages Common Look up the corresponding Voice Number I01 D32 or Performance Number PF1 24 in the Program Change Table p 26 Individual Each instrument receives program changes separately and l...

Страница 27: ...press NO to select the bank and YES to transmit it Note This data can be received by another TX81Z or any data storage device if its Memory Protect p 27 is Off its Exclusive p 26 is On and its Receiv...

Страница 28: ...Performance bulk data Memory Protect is reset to On when the power is turned on and after bulk data is received via MlDI or loaded from cassette Memory Protect is also accessible from Performance Uti...

Страница 29: ...27 does not and these will be deleted Press YES and the LCD will show Save ready Start RECORD on the tape recorder and press YES again The LCD will show INT 01 to Tape and display the voice number 1...

Страница 30: ...hange and Exclusive PC Program Change Table p 26 EF Data for the three effects p 29 MC The two user programmable scales p 31 During Load Verify or Load 1 the format number of the data being read will...

Страница 31: ...u need to make sure that at least two instruments are assigned to different outputs It is possible to use Pan on all eight instruments if each is assigned to either output I or II LFO The sound will b...

Страница 32: ...32 This covers the entire range of the TX81Z s sound producing capability Here you can initialize the user programmable octave to one of the 11 preset scales When creating your own scale it may be fa...

Страница 33: ...hown below and you will automatically enter Edit Mode p 12 INITIAL VOICE DATA ALG 1 Mode Feedback 0 RATIO Poly Mode OSW W1 sine P Bend Range 4 Wave triangl DET 0 Full Time Porta Speed 35 AR 31 Porta T...

Страница 34: ...ception channel voice number etc for each instrument The TX81Z will remember up to 24 of these Performances Data voice numbers performance parameters etc for each instrument is shown in the lower line...

Страница 35: ...he Max Notes setting of an instrument is 0 the voice number will show a indicating an inactive instrument The PARAMETER keys do not function in PLAY PERFORMANCE mode Each Performance Memory 1 24 conta...

Страница 36: ...and use the DATA ENTRY keys to select the store destination 1 24 When the LCD shows the destination you want release STORE and press YES The performance will be stored into the selected memory You can...

Страница 37: ...more data to be seen Move the cursor to set the data for instruments 5 8 The CURSOR LED will automatically come on when you enter EDIT mode Use the DATA ENTRY keys to change the data value at the bli...

Страница 38: ...TX81Z can produce up to 8 notes at once These 8 notes must be divided among the 8 instruments ie the total Max Notes settings of the 8 instruments can not exceed 8 If one instrument is to play chords...

Страница 39: ...its to create a split effect One instrument could play notes below C3 and another instrument set to a dif ferent voice play notes above D 3 It is possible to set the Low limit above the High limit in...

Страница 40: ...plitude modulation nor Pitch modulation When vib is selected the instrument will use the LFO settings from its own currently selected voice memory but there will be no Amplitude modulation Thus if you...

Страница 41: ...Microtuning Table When Micro Tune is off that instrument will play the normal tempered scale In the example below instruments 2 and 3 will use the preset 1 scale Effect Select Each performance can us...

Страница 42: ...voices in the currently selected performance You will jump to SINGLE Edit mode p 12 when you press YES Init Perfrm This lets you initialize the Performance Buffer to one of the standard settings show...

Страница 43: ...1 2 vib 1 2 vib vib vib vib vib vib Micro Tune select Oct on on on on on on on on Effect Select Delay Pan Chord Performance name Instrument Assign Mode DUAL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Alternate Max Notes 0 8 4 4...

Страница 44: ...1 2 vib 1 2 vib vib vib vib vib vib Micro Tune select Oct on on on on on on on Effect Select Delay Pan Chord Instrument Assign Mode Max Notes 0 8 Voice No I01 D32 Receive Ch 1 16 omni Limit L C 2 G8 M...

Страница 45: ...G8 Detune 7 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Not Shift 24 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Volume 0 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 Out Assign I II l ll I II I II I II I II I II I II I II I II LPO Select 1 2 vib 1 2 vib vib vib vib v...

Страница 46: ...on MIDI Note Indicator When a MIDI Note On message arrives while in PLAY mode single or perform ance the PLAY LED will blink This is irrespective of the Receive Channel setting and the LED will blink...

Страница 47: ...ow about playing 8 TX instruments in unison Set each instrument to receive the same MIDI channel and assign different voices and different detunings to each Setting a slightly different Portamento Tim...

Страница 48: ...X21 27 100 operators produce only sinewaves When a TX81Z voice that uses non sinewave operators p 18 is loaded into a DX21 27 100 it will not sound the same EG RR The Envelope Generator Release Rate o...

Страница 49: ...69 1088 269 1082 8921 1109 775 1092 180 1088 269 1090 225 1200 1200 000 1200 000 1200 0000 1200 000 1200 000 1200 000 1200 000 C C 100 70 673 70 673 76 0490 113 685 90 225 90 225 94 135 C D 100 133 23...

Страница 50: ...ontent of each waveform The amplitude volume of each harmonic partial is given as a percentage of the fundamental W1 Sine wave Only fundamental W3 Even partials W5 Partials 2 3 5 7 9 stronger partials...

Страница 51: ...I I II I II I II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 off off off off off off off off Delay EFFECT 1 DELAY TIME 0 09 Delay PITCH SHIFT 0 FEEDBACK 0 EFFECT LEVEL 73 Performance No 2 Performance name Hollo Flute 1 2 3 4 5 6...

Страница 52: ...4 Instrument Assign Mode Max Notes 0 8 Voice No I01 D32 Receive Ch 1 16 omni Limit L C 2 G8 Limit H C 2 G8 Detune 7 7 Note Shift 24 24 Volume 0 99 Out Assign off I II I II LFO Select off 1 2 vib Micro...

Страница 53: ...25 Performance No 6 Performance name Wind Band Instrument 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Assign Mode Alternate Max Notes 0 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Voice No I01 D32 B11 B15 B14 B05 B04 B03 B01 B02 Receive Ch 1 16 omni 1 1...

Страница 54: ...32 Receive Ch 1 16 omni Limit L C 2 G8 Limit H C 2 G8 Detune 7 7 Note Shift 24 24 Volume 0 99 Out Assign off I II I II LFO Select off 1 2 vib Micro Tune select Big Tim Lead 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Normal 1 1...

Страница 55: ...2 Harp 3 4 5 6 7 8 EFFECT1 DELAY TIME 0 09 PITCH SHIFT 0 Delay FEEDBACK 0 EFFECT LEVEL 73 Performance No 10 Performance name Instrument Assign Mode Max Notes 0 8 Voice No I01 D32 Receive Ch 1 16 omni...

Страница 56: ...Jazz Flute 4 5 6 7 8 Performance name Instrument Assign Mode Max Notes 0 8 Voice No I01 D32 Receive Ch 1 16 omni Limit L C 2 G8 Limit H C 2 G8 Detune 7 7 Note Shift 24 24 Volume 0 99 Out Assign off I...

Страница 57: ...G8 4 4 0 0 92 92 I II 1 2 off off Off Performance No 14 Performance name Instrument Assign Mode Max Notes 0 8 Voice No I01 D32 Receive Ch 1 16 omni Limit L C 2 G8 Limit H C 2 G8 Detune 7 7 Note Shift...

Страница 58: ...8 8 88 I II 1 2 off off Off Performance No 16 Performance name Instrument Assign Mode Max Notes 0 8 Voice No I01 D32 Receive Ch 1 16 omni Limit L C 2 G8 Limit H C 2 G8 Detune 7 7 Note Shift 24 24 Volu...

Страница 59: ...sticHit 2 DynomiteEP 3 4 5 6 7 8 Performance name Instrument Assign Mode Max Notes 0 8 Voice No I01 D32 Receive Ch 1 16 omni Limit L C 2 G8 Limit H C 2 G8 Detune 7 7 Note Shift 24 24 Volume 0 99 Out A...

Страница 60: ...EFFECT 1 Delay DELAY TIME PITCH SHIFT FEEDBACK EFFECT LEVEL 0 09 0 0 73 Performance No 20 Performance name Instrument Assign Mode Max Notes 0 8 Voice No I01 D32 Receive Ch 1 16 omni Limit L C 2 G8 Lim...

Страница 61: ...2 D01 1 1 C 2 C 2 G8 G8 5 0 0 12 82 95 I II 1 2 off off Off Performance No 22 Performance name Chorus Bras Instrument 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Assign Mode Normal Max Notes 0 8 4 4 Voice No I01 D32 B04 B04 Rece...

Страница 62: ...0 09 Delay PITCH SHIFT 0 FEEDBACK 0 EFFECT LEVEL 73 Performance No 24 Voice Name 1 Fuzzy Koto 2 Voices 3 4 5 6 7 8 Performance name Instrument Assign Mode Max Notes 0 8 Voice No I01 D32 Receive Ch 1...

Страница 63: ...ffect Select 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Normal Alternate off on off on off on off on off on off on off on off on off Delay Pan Chord Performance name Instrument Assign Mode Max Notes 0 8 Voice No I01 D32 Receive...

Страница 64: ...TH A MOD DEPTH SYNC OUT LEVEL EG AR D1R FUNCTION MODE P BEND RANGE PORTAMENTO PORTAMENTO TIME FC VOLUME FC PITCH FC AMPLITUDE MW PITCH MW AMPLITUDE BC PITCH D1L D2R RR EG SHIFT OFF SCALING RATE LEVEL...

Страница 65: ...l Channel for Controller p 25 or Pitch Bend p 26 In the case of Control Change Pan Bn 0A xx data values of 0 42 output I 43 85 output I II and 86 127 output II System Common messages F1h F7h and Syste...

Страница 66: ...MIDI Reception Transmission In PLAY mode when a voice or performance is selected using the front panel keys the TX81Z will send a program change message I01 C32 0 127 D01 D32 0 31 PF01 PF24 32 55 66...

Страница 67: ...gghh ggggg Group number hh Subgroup number 0ppppppp ppppppp Parameter number 0ddddddd ddddddd Data 11110111 F7h End Of Exclusive VCED Voice parameters compatible with DX21 27 100 ggggg 00100 4 hh 10 2...

Страница 68: ...111 127 0kkkkkkk kkkkkkk program change number 0hhhhhhh hhhhhhh data high 0 l l l l l l l l l l l l l I data low 11110111 F7h End Of Exclusive BULK DATA MESSAGES The TX81Z receives and transmits 10 ty...

Страница 69: ...nnel etc f 126 LM 8976S0 data size 10 27 37 total size 37 8 45 FO 43 0n 7E 00 25 LM 8976S0 data checksum F7 Program Change Table SYS Selected memory numbers I1 PF24 for each incoming program change f...

Страница 70: ...s Basic Receive channel it will transmit the requested data as MESSAGES described above in Bulk Data VCED F0 43 2n 03 F7 VMEM F0 43 2n 04 F7 ACED VCED F0 43 2n 7E LM 8976AE F7 PCED F0 43 2n 7E LM 8976...

Страница 71: ...0 7 54 LFO Speed Speed 0 99 55 LFO Delay Delay 0 99 56 Pitch Modulation Depth P Mod Depth 0 99 57 Amplitude Modulation Depth A Mod Depth 0 99 58 LFO Sync Sync 0 1 59 LFO Wave Wave 0 3 60 Pitch Modula...

Страница 72: ...e TX81Z Data 0 99 Center 50 0 99 32 127 32 127 32 127 32 127 32 127 32 127 32 127 32 127 32 127 32 127 93 Operator 4 1 On Off bits 0 3 0 15 OP on 1 Voice Edit Additional Parameters ACED Parameter numb...

Страница 73: ...center 7 0 48 center 24 0 99 0 3 0 off 1 l 2 ll 3 l II 0 3 0 off 1 inst1 2 inst2 3 vib 0 1 INST 2 INST 3 INST 4 48 I 60 I 72 I INST 5 INST 6 INST 7 84 I 96 97 98 99 100 101 INST 8 Micro Tune Table MI...

Страница 74: ...0 99 45 0 46 0 PMS AMS LFW 0 7 0 3 0 3 0 47 0 0 TRPS 0 48 0 0 48 0 0 PBR 0 CH MO SU PO PM 0 12 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 49 0 50 0 PORT 0 99 51 FC VOL 0 99 0 0 MW PITCH 0 99 52 MW AMPLI 0 99 53 0 54 0 BC P...

Страница 75: ...Effect Bulk Data Format address b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 data comment 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 51 52 53 54 0 0 0 0 0 0 EF1T 0 127 effect 1 time 0 01s 1 28s EF1P 0 48 eff...

Страница 76: ...nt 0 0 OUT ASGN MSB NUM of NOTE INST1 1 0 VOICE NO 2 0 3 0 LFOS RCV CII LIMIT L 4 0 5 0 LIMIT H 0 0 0 DETUNE 6 0 7 0 MTE 0 14 7 center NOTE SHIFT VOLUME 8 INST2 16 INST3 24 lNST4 32 INST5 40 INST6 48...

Страница 77: ...ormat address b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 data comment 0 0 0 MS BYTE of MCT 13 108 LS BYTE of MCT 0 63 C 2 0 1 C 2 1 2 127 G8 127 Program Change Table Bulk Data Format address b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 data...

Страница 78: ...0 1 exclusive on off 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MLOCK 0 1 mem protect 0 CMBIN 0 1 combine 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 AT 0 1 after touch 11 0 12 0 ID1 32 127 ID ascii ID2 13 0 ID3 26 0 ID16 SPECIFICATIONS Switches POWER ST...

Страница 79: ...ngle mode 7 only o 1 Volume 10 x o 1 Pan I I II II performance mode only 64 x o Sustain 65 x o 1 Portamento Prog o 0 127 3 o 0 127 Change True if pgm cng SW is 0 183 on assignable System Exclusive o 4...

Страница 80: ...ceptable If the DX7 has been set to receive that channel it goes on to the next step If not the message is ignored In the example above the channel number is 4 We count 0 F as 1 to 16 2 Checks the sta...

Страница 81: ...6 4 6 5 6 6 6 7 6 8 6 9 6A 6B 6C 6D 6E 6F 7 0 7 1 7 2 7 3 7 4 7 5 7 6 7 7 7 8 7 9 7A 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F Bin r 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0...

Страница 82: ...ntation Chart for your tone generator or synthesizer This tells the receiving device to switch programs memories Also called Common After touch this is found on the DX7 It indicates the strongest pres...

Страница 83: ...hesizer is called the Carrier The complexity or brightness of the resulting waveform will depend on the output level of the Modulator EG Envelope Generator By varying the output level of the modulator...

Страница 84: ...y is pressed In Fixed mode the frequency is displayed in Hz cycles per second or KHz 1000 cycles per second If the carrier is in Ratio mode and the modulator is in Fixed the harmonic structure of the...

Страница 85: ...crease as you play up the keyboard you can simulate this High notes on many instruments also have a shorter envelope You can simulate this by using Rate Scaling LEARNING FM SYNTHESIS It is rather time...

Страница 86: ...rol 25 MIDI Note Indicator 46 MW Amplitude 22 MW Pitch 22 Master Tune 24 Master Volume 3 Max Notes 38 Memory Protect 27 45 Micro Tune 31 Micro Tune performance 41 Middle C 22 Minimum Volume 46 Modes T...

Страница 87: ...u should try to correct the situation by one or more of the following measures l l l Relocate either the TX81Z and its accessories or the electronic equipment that is being affected by the interferenc...

Страница 88: ...YAMAHA Yamaha Corporation of America 6600 Orangethorpe Avenue P O Box 6600 Buena Park CA 90622 6600 2 24 98 27895 TX81Z OM Recyclable Recycled...

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