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Maintenance
Sharpening Knives
5
5-17
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Maintenance
5.11 Sharpening Knives
The condition of your machine’s knives will affect the quality and precision of the cut. Pay
close attention to the quality of the cut to get an idea about the condition of the machine’s
knives. Dull knives will tear, not cut the wood fibers, producing a fuzzy appearance on the
wood. A raised ridge (or ridges) running along the length of a wood plank can occur when
a nicked knife impacts the wood.
On planer knives and moulding knives, it is possible to bring the knives back to a sharp
condition by
sharpening the face of the knife
. Running a diamond stone against the
face will bring knives back to a sharp condition. This can be done about 3 times before
the knives will need to be sharpened by a sharpening machine.
If a raised ridge occurs the entire length of the plank that you are processing, then the
knife/knives have been nicked. Sharpened the knife/knives to remove the nick.
Knives that are not sufficiently sharp will heat up when cutting. If you see blackened
edges on moulding knives, this is an indication that the knives are not sharp. Continuing
to use these knives will cause excessive wear on the machine, and will further degrade
the knives themselves. Remove and sharpen the knives.
NOTE:
The speed of the material that is being fed through the machine
can have an affect on knife life. Ideally, with each revolution of the cut-
ting head, the planer knife should be removing new material. The new
material will absorb a portion of the heat created by the knife cutting
the wood, and will cool the knife as it is cut away. However, if the knife
is not cutting new material each time the cutting head makes a revolu-
tion, the friction created will cause the knife to heat up. Excessive heat
will dull your machines knives, and shorten their life.
Utilizing a test board, set the feeding speed of the machine so that chatter marks become
visible, and then reduce the speed until a smooth finish is seen. This method will ensure
that the knives are cutting new wood on each revolution. The optimal feeding speed will
vary between the type of wood being processed, and the type of moulding knives being
used.