3
WILDEN PUMP & ENGINEERING, LLC
WIL-10220-E-02
SECTION 3
THE WILDEN PUMP — HOW IT WORKS
The Wilden diaphragm pump is an air-operated, positive displacement, self-priming pump. These drawings show the flow
pattern through the pump upon its initial stroke. It is assumed the pump has no fluid in it prior to its initial stroke.
FIGURE 1 The air valve directs pressur-
ized air to the back side of diaphragm A.
The compressed air is applied directly to
the liquid column separated by elasto-
meric diaphragms. The diaphragm acts
as a separation membrane between the
compressed air and liquid, balancing the
load and removing mechanical stress
from the diaphragm. The compressed
air moves the diaphragm away from the
center block of the pump. The oppo-
site diaphragm is pulled in by the shaft
connected to the pressurized diaphragm.
Diaphragm B is on its suction stroke;
air behind the diaphragm has been
forced out to the atmosphere through the
exhaust port of the pump. The movement
of diaphragm B toward the center block
of the pump creates a vacuum within
chamber B. Atmospheric pressure forces
fluid into the inlet manifold forcing the
inlet valve ball off its seat. Liquid is free to
move past the inlet valve ball and fill the
liquid chamber (see shaded area).
FIGURE 2
When the pressurized
diaphragm, diaphragm A, reaches the
limit of its discharge stroke, the air valve
redirects pressurized air to the back
side of diaphragm B. The pressurized
air forces diaphragm B away from the
center block while pulling diaphragm A
to the center block. Diaphragm B is now
on its discharge stroke. Diaphragm B
forces the inlet valve ball onto its seat
due to the hydraulic forces developed in
the liquid chamber and manifold of the
pump. These same hydraulic forces lift
the discharge valve ball off its seat, while
the opposite discharge valve ball is forced
onto its seat, forcing fluid to flow through
the pump discharge. The movement of
diaphragm A toward the center block of
the pump creates a vacuum within liquid
chamber A. Atmospheric pressure forces
fluid into the inlet manifold of the pump.
The inlet valve ball is forced off its seat
allowing the fluid being pumped to fill the
liquid chamber.
FIGURE 3 At completion of the stroke,
the air valve again redirects air to the
back side of diaphragm A, which starts
diaphragm B on its exhaust stroke. As
the pump reaches its original starting
point, each diaphragm has gone through
one exhaust and one discharge stroke.
This constitutes one complete pumping
cycle. The pump may take several cycles
to completely prime depending on the
conditions of the application.
RIGHT STROKE
MID STROKE
LEFT STROKE
