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FM-4

600 Industrial Drive, New Bern, North Carolina, USA 28562

Digital Audio Processor

Technical Manual

Содержание FM-4

Страница 1: ...FM 4 600 Industrial Drive New Bern North Carolina USA 28562 Digital Audio Processor Technical Manual ...

Страница 2: ...gital Audio Processor Technical Manual 2010 Wheatstone Corporation FM 4 October 2010 Ultra High Resolution Processing ORSIS 600 Industrial Drive New Bern North Carolina 28562 tel 252 638 7000 fax 252 637 1285 ...

Страница 3: ...re 7 Audio Inputs 8 SCA Input 8 Audio Outputs 8 Headphones 8 Network Connection 8 GPI 8 AC Power 8 Rack Mounting 9 Installation Tips 9 Where to Install the FM 4 10 Audio Compression bit reduction 10 User Presets 11 Installation and Setup Using the Front Panel 12 Presets 13 Input 13 A Note About Input Levels 13 Network 14 Version 14 Access 14 Introducing Vorsis GUI Lite 15 Installing the GUI Lite S...

Страница 4: ...kers 27 AGC Depth 27 Compression 27 Density 28 Loudness 28 MF HF EQ 29 LF Warm EQ 30 GUI Lite Caveats 31 The Other Two Pages of GUI Lite 33 I O Settings Change With Preset Takes 35 Resolving FM 4 Network to GUI Connectivity Issues 37 Unlocking the Front Panel 38 Contacting Wheatstone Technical Support 39 FM 4 GUI Pro What Is It 39 Appendix General Purpose Input GPI 40 ...

Страница 5: ...digital audio processors Design and manufacturing of all Wheatstone equipment takes place in our ultra modern New Bern North Carolina USA headquarters Wheatstone s roots go back over 35 years to the Audioarts company when its product line included very high quality audio equalizers electronic crossovers and specialized compressor limiters In 1977 its first audio mixing control console was introduc...

Страница 6: ...gital Signal Processing broadcast audio processing and other engineering disciplines comprise our design team Led by audio processing expert and broadcast engineering veteran Jeff Keith the team combines their talents to design and build audio processors that achieve new and higher standards of on air sound quality In its short history Wheatstone Processing has already invented many new and unique...

Страница 7: ...n technical personnel to quickly achieve their signature on air sound without having to understand deep and technical audio processing terms No audio processor has ever been so simple to set up and use FM 4 GUI Lite User Interface The power and intelligence of GUI Lite provides the end user with six simple to use controls that are smart enough to enable morphing of any FM 4 factory preset to a com...

Страница 8: ...4 Note that for those users with experience adjusting audio processing a professional version of the FM 4 s GUI FM 4 GUI Pro is available at no cost by registering at www wheatstone processing com ...

Страница 9: ...put accepts sample rates from 32 kHz to 96 kHz AES3 digital output automatically synchronizes to AES3 digital input Separate audio input gains for analog and AES3 digital inputs Low impedance composite MPX output Rear panel SCA RDS Input Front panel headphone output with level control via front panel GUI Input Output Latency 8 9 milliseconds Local Control Front panel navigation for setup security ...

Страница 10: ... 75 high Unit Weight 18 lbs 9 98 kg Shipping Weight 26 lbs 16 33 kg Environmental Operating temperature range 32 degrees F to 122 degrees F 0C to 50C Storage temperature range 20 degrees F to 140 degrees F 7C to 60C Humidity 0 to 95 RH non condensing Altitude 7500 feet AMSL maximum Approvals and Compliance CE and FCC Class A Device European Restriction of Hazardous Substances RoHS compliant FM 4 G...

Страница 11: ...DSP based digital stereo generator Oversampled composite clipper The overall signal flow of the FM 4 is shown in the following block diagram FM 4 Block Diagram Signal Flow The FM 4 is equipped with a flexible headphone routing scheme to allow monitoring of audio in various parts of the signal path It is even possible to monitor an audio input that is not selected to be on the air For instance if t...

Страница 12: ...vailable on the front panel for local monitoring The headphone source can be selected in software to be from one of several important signal points inside the processing algorithm including both analog and AES inputs even if those inputs are not selected to feed the audio processing chain Network Connection The FM 4 hosts a 10 100BaseT Ethernet connector on its rear panel for use with the Windows ...

Страница 13: ...unit through vertical slots positioned lower in the side panels The FM 4 may be mounted between other devices in the equipment rack and in accordance with good engineering practice should not be mounted directly above devices that generate significant amounts of heat If such a location is unavoidable then it is advisable to utilize an extra 1RU blank rack panel between the FM 4 and devices immedia...

Страница 14: ...ng a Digital STL that employs audio bit reduction algorithms such as MP3 AAC etc it is highly recommended that the FM 4 be placed at the transmitter site This is because the encoding schemes that are used in coded STLs cannot accurately pass the well defined peak levels created by the FM 4 The FM 4 can be placed at the studio end of a compressed STL with at least two caveats 1 The high performance...

Страница 15: ...ed on the host PC for the GUI which in most cases has enough storage for a virtually unlimited number of presets presets are typically only a few kilobytes in size Note The factory presets are write protected and changes to them cannot be written back to the same memory location Remember that factory presets modified by the user are then considered user presets and must be saved to a new preset nu...

Страница 16: ...V button The items in the list are arranged in tree form in order to make navigation simple and logical The menu is structured so that the Preset selection item is always at the top of the tree Logically the navigation list is as follows PRESETS INPUT OUTPUT NETWORK VERSION ACCESS An item called MENU or EXIT is always present at the end of a list to enable backing out of the currently selected ite...

Страница 17: ...e strongly recommend that peak input audio levels are never set so that they peak higher than about 12dBFS as shown on either the GUI or the FM 4 s front panel meters This caution is necessary to allow appropriate headroom for the processing algorithms if they are presented with program material that has been clipped during the mastering process Such material can achieve far higher peak levels aft...

Страница 18: ...og displays the currently loaded versions of operating system FPGA image and DSP code noting that these are displayed values only and cannot be changed without actually changing the version s of software that the FM 4 is running i e updating it to a new version using the hardware update feature in the GUI Access The Access menu item allows the front panel security features of the FM 4 to be custom...

Страница 19: ... easier We designed the GUI Lite tool for those who want to change the sound of our factory presets without having to know and understand the nuances of hundreds of tweakable parameters Adjust Sound Tab FM 4 GUI Lite Adjust Sound GUI Lite has only three basic pages for hosting the controls that an end user might need for installing the FM 4 and adjusting its sound The first page of GUI Lite is cal...

Страница 20: ...s the Configuration page hosting controls for selecting the processor mode configuring the GUI to communicate with the host Vorsis audio processor and programming the Scheduler Note that for user convenience we ve repeated the appearance of some of the controls across the three pages noting that the Input Output and processing related metering are always visible on all three pages Adjust Sound Ste...

Страница 21: ... FM 4 s default IP address If the address must be changed please follow the steps below 1 Before starting the configuration procedure please locate and carefully make a note of the FM 4 s 12 digit MAC address which is located on a label either on the top cover or the rear panel This address will be in the format 00 50 C2 xx xx xx where xx xx xx are the digits that are unique to your FM 4 processor...

Страница 22: ...ement to 1 or higher please see the image in the IP Assignment figure above 9 When the requests number increases and is no longer zero the FM 4 has been programmed with its new IP address and is ready for use Device Configuration Connecting to the FM 4 Now that the FM 4 has its own TCP IP identity we must configure the GUI so that it can talk to the FM 4 This is done by adding Devices to the list ...

Страница 23: ... this is done you may click OK on the Edit Device box 6 Then in the Devices dialog box highlight single left click the FM 4 device that you just added and click the Select button This step tells the GUI specifically which FM 4 you want to connect to 7 Next click on the Online Offline button just to the left of the Status indicator In the Status window you may see the message Trying as the GUI is h...

Страница 24: ...GUI Lite and the host PC s network configuration conforms to the expected networking parameters for the host network Note also that unless special routing has been configured by the IT department the controlling PC and the FM 4 must be on the same network subnet As an example if the FM 4 was assigned the IP address 192 168 1 194 then the PC s IP address must be between the addresses 192 168 1 1 an...

Страница 25: ...e peaking around the 12dBFS Ref marking with normal program levels applied NOTE To ensure proper headroom inside the processor s algorithms frequent peak levels exceeded the 12dBFS Ref marking on the Input meters are strongly discouraged INPUT OUTPUT METERS METERS Setting Output Audio Levels Now it s time to make the audio output connections as appropriate for your installation and adjust audio ou...

Страница 26: ... front panel is unlocked turn the rotary encoder until Presets is displayed and then press the V button Now the preset list can be scrolled through When the desired preset name is displayed press and release the V button or encoder knob The display will briefly show TAKEN and then begin showing the new preset name If the name is longer than 8 characters the display will scroll to display the entir...

Страница 27: ...tion sound worse by revealing previously masked problems in the station s audio chain There is almost never enough loudness bass or high end There is no free lunch you must always pick something to give up to get something that you want even more The most important advice that we can share about setting up audio processing particularly new audio processing is this Make small adjustments and listen...

Страница 28: ...o dozen or so factory presets we can multiply the above result by 24 to arrive at the new total number of possible sound variations With 24 presets that turns out to be 42 517 464 over 42 million different sound textures that can be created from just the factory presets and the six GUI Lite controls Six Controls Why Not Just One There have been simplified user controls on audio processors before O...

Страница 29: ... not new controls or ones that are hidden behind some secret back door Rather they are the same controls that exist in the GUI Pro version of the graphical user interface The biggest difference between the two GUIs is that GUI Lite can intelligently move many controls at once and in any desired direction and by any amount while GUI Pro can only move one of its hundreds of controls at a time What C...

Страница 30: ...act the GUI Lite tweaker might only reach 8 before Var 7 actually maxes out Whenever an internal value reaches its limit the GUI Lite control trying to push that internal value beyond its normal end stop is prevented from going any further in that direction The opposite scenario is also true when the GUI Lite tweaker is being pulled down towards zero Var 3 which is already nearer its lower limit r...

Страница 31: ... as they do at 30dB Therefore driving the AGC harder won t make the resulting sound denser That task is best left to the Compression and Density controls covered next Compression While the AGC Depth tweaker adjusts how deep the compression is the Compression tweaker adjusts how audible it is Pushing the tweaker up to higher numbers causes an increase in the audibility of compression an effect desi...

Страница 32: ... Loudness tweaker described next Note that lower Density control settings can be beneficial to a station s long term listening ratings especially those stations that are targeted towards female audiences Loudness The operation of the Loudness tweaker is and on purpose very obvious higher settings become much louder while lower settings will be less so At the upper extremes of this tweaker s settin...

Страница 33: ... values of frequency Q bandwidth and equalization boost or cut This allows a user to try out or apply a completely different style of equalization than that stored in the factory preset Because the factory equalization is for all practical purposes turned off when an EQ control is moved away from its initial 0 setting to reset the equalization back to the original starting point the last preset th...

Страница 34: ...ggerating the inevitable interior resonances In the clockwise direction of the LF Warm EQ control a broad bass equalization is increasingly applied creating a warm fat sound on the lower frequencies Because the factory equalization is for all practical purposes turned off when an EQ control is moved away from its initial 0 setting to reset the equalization back to the original starting point the l...

Страница 35: ...ified by GUI Pro it cannot be modified using GUI Lite If a factory preset has been modified by GUI Pro it is no longer a virgin factory preset and therefore it is not allowed to be modified using GUI Lite 3 User created presets cannot be modified again by GUI Lite User created presets do not have the factory assigned reference starting points known to GUI Lite and therefore GUI Lite cannot modify ...

Страница 36: ...y a customer using either the full control program GUI Pro or GUI Lite The biggest difference between the two types of presets is that GUI Lite is permitted to modify only Factory presets If while using GUI Lite you receive the Restricted Preset warning dialog shown below and you know for sure that the preset being adjusted is a virgin Factory preset simply recall the preset again using GUI Lite a...

Страница 37: ...te come in To find all the controls in GUI Lite simply press one of the three navigation buttons at the top of the GUI s navigation bar Up to now we ve been discussing the Adjust Sound page as that s the one that most customers will want to play with first But there are two other pages of GUI Lite that need some explanation too the ones that are reached using the Stereo Generator and Configuration...

Страница 38: ...AES Digital input adjusting the gains of the Composite and Digital outputs and selecting the audio source for the headphone output Note that for convenience the headphone volume control appears on all pages of GUI Lite and the headphone source selector is present on both the Stereo Generator and Configuration pages ...

Страница 39: ...kes Sometimes it s useful to have a preset change some setting of the input or output when it is recalled FM 4 has the capability to do this When a preset is saved that preset is a snapshot of every setting in the FM 4 including the selected audio input source the input gain settings current output level settings etc Therefore to use a preset to retrieve your custom I O settings simply save a pres...

Страница 40: ...s best explained by example We utilize the digital audio input in our lab to feed the audio processors when in the process of making Factory presets This means that the Factory presets have the digital audio input selected and if your station is using the FM 4 s analog inputs and a Factory preset is taken while the I O Settings Change with Preset Takes option is checked you will go off the air bec...

Страница 41: ... few dropped or corrupted metering packets will have an inconsequential effect on the visual appearance of the metering or graphics What this all means is that the FM 4 expects to be able to use TCP port 55987 and UDP ports in the range of 60001 to 60010 on the portion of the network connecting the FM 4 and the host PC running the GUI The most common connectivity problem that we see in the field i...

Страница 42: ...ace This will move the flashing cursor to the second pair of digits When the second pair of digits begins to flash turn the knob clockwise until the second two digits of the passcode is showing in the display Then press the encoder knob or lighted V button in to lock those digits in place The message OK should appear and the front panel should be unlocked The front panel may be locked by scrolling...

Страница 43: ...support wheatstone com with your product suggestions We do value your input and we take it seriously FM 4 GUI Pro What is it Do I need it How do I obtain it The full GUI or GUI Pro is widely acclaimed by our end users for its completely unrestricted access to all of our processing controls and its quantity and quality of visual feedback provided to the user However such depth of control can be int...

Страница 44: ...puts of the FM 4 is current limited by an internal 475 ohm resistance The maximum rated forward current of the GPI input is 50mA with its normal operating current around 5mA therefore it is necessary to calculate if an additional outboard series resistance will be required in your particular application The following table may be used to determine if an external resistance is required and if so wh...

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