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board:
Short for printed circuit board. A thin card containing chips and other electronic
components connected by metallic lines etched into the surface. Most of the
basic components of a computer, such as the BIOS and memory are
contained on one board, called the motherboard. A computer may contain
additional boards, called daughterboards, that provide specific functions
beyond those on the motherboard.
boot:
To start the computer. There are two types of boot. Turning on the power is called a
cold boot. Restarting the computer by pressing
Ctrl
+
Alt
+
Del
or the restart
button is called a warm boot. The term boot originates from bootstrap program
(as in pulling itself up by its bootstraps), a program that loads and initializes the
operating system.
boot disk controller:
The controller for the disk drive that the BIOS uses to load the
operating system. By default, this is the controller for the primary floppy disk
drive (A:). If you designate another disk drive as the boot drive, its controller
becomes the boot disk controller.
boot priority (startup sequence):
The order in which the computer
searches
its disk drives
to locate the startup files. Under the standard boot priority, a computer looks
for the startup files in the floppy disk drive before checking the
primary
hard
disk.
briefcase:
A Windows 95/98 and NT feature that allows you to update multiple versions
of a file located on different computers.
buffer:
An area of memory where information is held until it can be processed. Buffers
are frequently used to compensate for the fact that some parts of the system
are faster than others. For example, the computer sends information to a
printer much faster than even the fastest printer can handle it. A print buffer
stores printer information, enabling the computer to continue with other tasks.
As the printer prints a page, it looks in the buffer to see what to do next.
bus:
An electrical circuit that connects the microprocessor with other parts of the
computer, such as the video adapter, disk drives and ports. It is the highway
along which data flows from one device to another. See also
local bus
.
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