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Thames & Kosmos Perpper Mint in the Great Treehouse Engineering Adventure, Руководство по эксперименту

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E XPERIMENT MANUAL

Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co. KG, Pfizerstr. 5-7, 70184 Stuttgart, Germany   |    +49 (0) 711 2191-0    |   www.kosmos.de 
Thames & Kosmos, 301 Friendship St., Providence, RI, 02903, USA    |   1-800-587-2872    |   www.thamesandkosmos.com 
Thames & Kosmos UK LP, 20 Stone Street, Cranbrook, Kent, TN17 3HE , UK   |   01580 713000    |   www.thamesandkosmos.co.uk

Fun

 

stem

    Projects and

  

EXPERIMENTS

IN 

Treehouse

Engineering

Adventure

The Great

Содержание Perpper Mint in the Great Treehouse Engineering Adventure

Страница 1: ...11 2191 0 www kosmos de Thames Kosmos 301 Friendship St Providence RI 02903 USA 1 800 587 2872 www thamesandkosmos com Thames Kosmos UK LP 20 Stone Street Cranbrook Kent TN17 3HE UK 01580 713000 www thamesandkosmos co uk Fun stem Projects and EXPERIMENTS IN Treehouse EngineeringAdventure The Great ...

Страница 2: ...and the batteries to explode Different types of batteries e g rechargeable and standard or new and used batteries are not to be mixed Do not mix old and new batteries Do not mix alkaline standard carbon zinc or rechargeable nickel cadmium batteries Batteries are to be inserted with the correct polarity and pressed gently into the battery compartment Instructions for inserting and changing batterie...

Страница 3: ...on the Internet but privately would have preferred to win it for his Theory of Relativity which produced one of the most famous equations in the world E mc2 He also established the law of Conservation of Energy Marie Curie It was fun to have an adventure together I hope you d like to have many more Bye CONSERVATION OF ENERGY Energy cannot be destroyed nor can it be created When we talk about using...

Страница 4: ... Along the way your child learns why a block and tackle hoist can save energy how a sloping surface causes acceleration and why a catapult is an energy converter Children in this age group are at different stages of development so you can decide in advance which experiments your child can do alone and where your help will be needed Please support your child with advice and practical help and check...

Страница 5: ...t and check them off No Description Quantity Item Number 14 Pulley with hook 2 720711 15 Catapult part 1 1 720713 16 Catapult part 2 1 720712 17 Crank handle 1 720718 18 Long cord 40 cm 2 720702 19 Short cord 30 cm 1 720702 20 String 140 cm 1 720701 21 Rubber band 1 720700 22 Spring 4 713882 23 Conductive thread 100 cm 1 720704 24 Battery compartment with cables 1 720703 25 LED yellow 4 720705 26 ...

Страница 6: ...rns Block and tackle hoist Pages 26 31 Pages 13 14 Pages 23 25 Tip More background knowledge can be found on pages 32 33 Trapdoor Page 22 Rain shield Pages 18 19 Pages 20 21 Pages 15 17 Belt pulley ipline Retractable ladder Pages 9 12 3 Table of Contents ...

Страница 7: ...4 ...

Страница 8: ...a research scientist and an expert on primates She took Pepper s backpack and loaded it into a basket that was dangling from the end of a rope Pepper stared in astonishment She looked up to see where the rope went and saw a house at the top of a huge tree At night it s better to be up there grinned Aunt Linda I hope you re not scared of heights To be clear Pepper wasn t scared of anything Sure som...

Страница 9: ...et into the two slots as shown The tabs should be on the rear side 3 Now fit together the two pieces from the second wood sheet as shown in the diagram This is the left tree trunk 3 x wood sheets plain 2 x wood sheets with illustrations cardboard sheet 1 Tip If the pieces snag instead of sliding together smoothly you can use your sandpaper to make the slots a little wider or the tabs a little narr...

Страница 10: ...ee trunks into the right and left side slots until the floor platform rests on the supports and the tabs fit as far as possible into the slots in the floor platform At the top of the left tree trunk add the leaf canopy piece with the picnic blanket on it and complete the right trunk with the platform with the bird on it 4 5 picnic blanket bird tabs 7 ...

Страница 11: ...n the right and the one with the chameleon on it goes on the left Make sure the tabs fit right into the slots on the platforms so that they are flush 7 You re almost done Remove both pieces of the hut from the wood sheet slide them together and attach the leaf roof from the cardboard sheet You just need to bend the leaf roof slightly and fit it over the wooden hooks Now your treehouse is ready for...

Страница 12: ... leaves But the sound of the waterfall reminded her of something May I use the bathroom asked Pepper hopping from one foot to the other Aunt Linda shrieked with laughter If you really have to go you d better use that pail in the corner said her aunt pointing to a covered bucket I have to go and get fuel for the generator the tank s nearly empty Will you be okay here for two or three hours without ...

Страница 13: ...the end of one of the rungs and push the rung down onto the knot Now pay close attention Take the longer end of the cord and tie another pretzel knot onto the shorter end 2 cm above the rung Then you can thread on another rung and push it down to the knot 3 The next knot goes another 2 cm away from the last rung Keep going like this until you ve threaded on the fourth rung then tie a last knot jus...

Страница 14: ...ight one If the knots slide along you ve got the wrong end 5 Now you need to follow the same steps again with the second cord on the right hand side of the rungs Make a pretzel knot in the cord One end must be 5 cm longer than the other Thread both ends of the cord into the bottom rung Tie the next knot 2 cm further up thread the ends into the next rung then tie another knot and so on Tie in the l...

Страница 15: ...e holes in the lower platform from underneath The ends of the cord above the platform should be the same length Make a knot in each piece of cord 2 cm above the platform and thread a rung above the knots 2 Tie another knot on each side 2 cm above the first rung and thread another rung before pulling both ends of the cord through the holes in the upper level platform and fixing them with knots Fini...

Страница 16: ... shown in the picture It s best to use a double knot Thread the string through the pulley wheel on the other hook 3 The hook that has loose string over the pulley can be attached to the top of the treehouse as shown You will also need five large coins WHAT S HAPPENING You re using a fixed pulley The pulley itself doesn t move along it just guides the moving rope Thanks to the pulley you re changin...

Страница 17: ...s much effort or force By using one fixed and one movable pulley this block and tackle hoist has changed three things 1 You re pulling downward instead of upward 2 You only need to use half as much effort to pull the basket up to the top 3 But you need twice as much string double the length to transport Pepper up to the top Hang the basket onto the lower hook the one you knotted the string onto Pu...

Страница 18: ... small belt pulley system which she used to transport herself over to the other tree A pair of monkeys apparently found it funny to hang on the belt pulley and move from side to side After arriving safely at the top of the tree Pepper spread out her blanket and made herself comfortable The monotonous chirping and humming sounds and the warm air soon made her eyelids feel heavy Shortly after snorin...

Страница 19: ...he pre cut holes in the tree trunk as shown in the picture To do this you need to fit the two parts together positioning one on each side of the tree trunk and then turn the front part as shown in the drawing 2 Stick a short axle through each of the completed fasteners If you re ever unsure what to do next just give it a try or ask your parents 16 Belt Pulley andthe ...

Страница 20: ...nto the plastic pulley wheel stretches when the pulley turns and pulls itself back together compresses again immediately Would that work with a loose string as well 3 At the back of the tree push a pulley wheel and an axle stopper onto each axle This should make it so that your pulley wheel doesn t slide off the axle when it moves 4 Now stretch the rubber band over both pulley wheels and your rubb...

Страница 21: ...the top platform then fit a large gear wheel to it underneath the platform followed by an axle stopper Fit another axle stopper onto the axle at the top end and push it downward 4 Remove the single leaf from the cardboard sheet and fix it to the top of the long axle using two more axle stoppers to hold it in place Remove the pulley wheel with the rubber band from behind the gear wheels and attach ...

Страница 22: ...wheel at the same speed as before and watch the leaf Does it still turn just as fast Or slower The small gear wheel has 16 teeth altogether and the large gear wheel has 24 The ratio of the number of teeth on the small gear wheel to the number of teeth on the large gear wheel is 2 to 3 2 x 8 16 3 x 8 24 That means that when you turn the small gear wheel three times the large one will have turned tw...

Страница 23: ...d did she really just hear someone sneeze But Aunt Linda wasn t due back for another hour An unsettling thought popped into Pepper s mind Did Pepper have some uninvited visitors Pepper crawled over to the edge of the platform and peered cautiously downward When she saw a wild mane of hair coming up through the open trapdoor she didn t stop to think Pepper grabbed hold of the nearest dangling vine ...

Страница 24: ...soon as you fix the basket onto the zipline you take away some of its freedom Its movement is now limited by the string Now if you let go of it gravity doesn t just make it fall vertically to the ground but instead it moves downward along the zipline You can change three things the steepness of the slope by changing the difference in height between the beginning and end of the string the length of...

Страница 25: ... of the pre cut holes in the right tree trunk Push a short axle through the fastener Then add the crank handle on the outside and a gear wheel on the inside 2 Stick a short axle into the pre cut hole in the main platform and push the wooden gear wheel and an axle stopper onto it underneath the platform Make sure the teeth of the two gear wheels mesh together properly A second axle stopper just abo...

Страница 26: ...anding with loud clonks all over the treehouse One particularly well aimed coconut hit the invader in the middle of his forehead This time the clonk sounded pretty bad and the victim fell down immediately Pepper felt terrible right away After all she only wanted to scare him off not hit him with a coconut Pepper climbed up through the open trapdoor She crept over to a young boy lying on his back A...

Страница 27: ... facing upward 3 Add a wooden support to the catapult on each side by fitting them onto the wood panel holding the tension arc Use the slots on the wooden supports 4 Mount the throwing arm of the catapult between the wooden supports by fitting the axle into the holes on each side and letting it click into place Make sure the scoop on the throwing arm is facing downward here Don t put anything heav...

Страница 28: ...tores energy When you let go of the arm the stored energy is converted into the energy of motion kinetic energy There are many different kinds of energy such as mechanical electrical and chemical energy Energy can be stored or converted but it can t be used up This is called the law of Conservation of Energy 6 5 Now cross the ends of the string over each other and tie them firmly onto the hooks on...

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Страница 30: ...t some light so she could see around the treehouse Niki must have had the same thought because he pulled a pack of matches out of his pants pocket and asked It s probably too dangerous to light a fire in a treehouse isn t it Pepper had an instinctive feeling that the creepy jungle noises were getting closer She jumped up nervously Not sure I like the sound of that said Pepper Come on let s use the...

Страница 31: ...ce should be 30 cm long Keep the rest for replacements Now connect the two front springs with one piece of conductive thread and the two rear ones with the second piece of thread Bend each spring sideways to make a little gap and tuck in the end of the thread 3 Take a close look at one of the LEDs Did you notice that one leg is shorter than the other and that the head is flat on one side rather th...

Страница 32: ... LED in one specific direction If you hang the LEDs the wrong way around on the conductive thread they can t light up because the electricity can t flow through them Other electrical components such as light bulbs function differently and work whichever direction the electricity is flowing 4 LR6 Mignon A A DC 1 5V LR6 Mignon A A DC 1 5V flattened edge longer leg 4 Bend both the legs upward and out...

Страница 33: ...eed to worry about touching the wire the thread the springs or the LEDs The electrical current is so small that nothing will happen But don t touch power outlets uncovered wires or electrics around your home that can be extremely dangerous WHAT S HAPPENING Your string of lanterns forms an electrical circuit Instead of using wires and cables the electricity flows along the conductive thread which i...

Страница 34: ...vice that uses electricity the LED For the electric current to be able to flow the circuit must be complete Another thing that affects the flow of electrical current is how easy it is to travel along the tunnel that is how well it conducts Some materials such as metals copper and silver for example are very conductive so we call them conductors Other materials such as wood rubber elastic and glass...

Страница 35: ...in energy you must spend on distance Like the block and tackle hoist for example Sir Isaac Newton Once said What we know is a drop What we don t know is an ocean Lived in England in the 17th century and worked as a waiter while he was studying An apple is said to have fallen on his head in the garden which started him thinking about gravity Worked out the three laws of motion GRAVITATION All masse...

Страница 36: ...ckground text and editing Anna Nolde Product design Manuel Aydt crosscreative Pforzheim Design concept for instructions and packaging Love Pavlov Stuttgart in medias res Nürnberg Layout for instructions and packaging Michaela Kienle Fine Tuning Dürmentingen Illustrations for instructions and packaging Tanja Donner Riedlingen Photos of model and parts Michael Flaig ProStudios Stuttgart Photos for i...

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