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BA II PLUS™ Calculator

Lease-or-Buy Decision

Your business is considering getting a new computer server. If
you lease, you would pay $36,000 per year for five years at the
first of each year. You could buy it for $125,000. The server is
expected to save the company $46,000 per year. It will have no
resale value at the end of the five years. The company can
borrow at 15% annual interest. You require a 20% annual return
on projects and investments of this kind. Ignoring tax effects,
should you acquire it, and if so, should you lease or purchase it?

Example: Present Value of Cost Savings

Procedure

Keystrokes

Display

Set all variables to defaults.

&

}

!

RST

0.00

Set payments per year to 1.

&

[

1

!

P/Y=

1.00

Return to calculator mode.

&

U

0.00

Enter number of periods.

5

,

N=

5.00

Enter required annual return
rate.

20

-

I/Y=

20.00

Enter annual savings.

46000

S

/

PMT=

-46,000.00

Compute present value of
savings.

%

.

PV=

137,568.16

…

The present value of the annual savings exceeds the purchase
price (i.e., the investment will exceed your annual required
return rate). Acquiring the server is a good financial move.
Should you lease or buy it?

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Содержание BA II Plus

Страница 1: ...BA II PLUS Calculator 1997 2002 Texas Instruments Incorporated...

Страница 2: ...ital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and...

Страница 3: ...ors 5 Setting Calculator Formats 6 Clearing the Calculator 11 Correcting Entry Errors 12 Math Operations 13 More on Selected Math Operations 15 Memory Operations 17 Calculations Using Constants 19 Las...

Страница 4: ...ecision 46 Present Value of Lease with Residual Value 48 Monthly Payments 49 Yield to Maturity on Bond Purchased on Interest Date 50 Saving for the Future by Making Monthly Deposits 51 Amount to Borro...

Страница 5: ...le 85 Straight Line Depreciation Example 86 6 Statistics Worksheet 87 Statistics Worksheet Labels 88 Regression Models 90 Entering Statistical Data 91 Editing Statistical Data 92 Computing Statistical...

Страница 6: ...ons 125 Accuracy Information 128 IRR Calculations 129 AOS Algebraic Operating System Calculations 131 Battery Information 132 In Case of Difficulty 133 Texas Instruments TI Support and Service Informa...

Страница 7: ...erview of Calculator Operations 1 1 Overview of Calculator Operations This chapter contains information on Basic calculator operation Clearing and correcting Math operations Memory Last Answer Workshe...

Страница 8: ...alculator including the display and any error condition returns exactly as you left it Turning the Calculator Off When you press to turn the calculator off The displayed value is cleared Any unfinishe...

Страница 9: ...tores the default settings For information on specific worksheets refer to the specific worksheet chapters Returns the calculator to the standard calculator mode Alternatives to Resetting Before reset...

Страница 10: ...or word printed above a key becomes active for the next keystroke For example press U to leave a worksheet and return to standard calculator mode The Display The display shows entries and results wit...

Страница 11: ...You can press X to insert a cash flow or a statistical data point BGN You have selected beginning of period payments for TVM calculations If the BGN indicator is not displayed when you are in the TVM...

Страница 12: ...g System calculations Chn chain The sections that follow give details about each format and instructions for changing the format Number of Decimal Places The calculator internally stores numeric value...

Страница 13: ...an enter and display angle values in either degrees or radians You can specify which method you require The default setting for angle units is degrees There is no display indicator for this setting Ho...

Страница 14: ...1990 European format EUR Day Month Year 31 12 1990 Procedure Changing the Date Format If necessary press The most recently selected date format is displayed either US or EUR Press V repeatedly to sele...

Страница 15: ...1 000 00 European format EUR 1 000 00 Procedure Changing the Separator Format If necessary press The most recently selected separator format is displayed either US or EUR Press V repeatedly to select...

Страница 16: ...he standard rules of algebraic hierarchy In AOS multiplication and division operations are completed before addition and subtraction operations This calculation method is used in most scientific calcu...

Страница 17: ...keyed into the display but not yet entered as a variable value The previous value returns P P any calculation you have started but have not yet completed P P the TVM worksheet and return the values in...

Страница 18: ...key in the correct number and continue with your calculation Note Pressing P to correct a numeric entry immediately after you have pressed an operation key clears any calculation in progress Example C...

Страница 19: ...4 6 H 4 N 10 00 Subtraction 6 N 4 6 B 4 N 2 00 Multiplication 6 Q 4 6 4 N 24 00 Division 6 P 4 6 6 4 N 1 50 Universal power 31 25 3 1 25 N 3 95 Parentheses 7 Q 3 5 7 9 3 H 5 N 56 00 Percent 4 of 453...

Страница 20: ...seed value D a 0 86 Sine sin 11 54 11 54 d 0 20 Cosine cos 120 120 e N0 50 Tangent tan 76 76 f 4 01 Arcsine sin 1 2 2 8 d 11 54 Arccosine cos 1 5 5 S 8 e 120 00 Arctangent tan 1 4 4 8 f 75 96 Hyperbo...

Страница 21: ...would end in a series of closed parentheses you can omit pressing Press N to close all of the parentheses automatically evaluate the expression and display the end result To see intermediate results p...

Страница 22: ...you might want to round a computed selling price to the nearest penny two decimal places before continuing with your calculation Scientific Notation If you compute a value that is larger or smaller th...

Страница 23: ...the memories simultaneously press z to clear the Memory worksheet Storing to Memory To store a displayed value to a memory 0 through 9 press D and a digit key 0 through 9 Any previous value in that m...

Страница 24: ...elow shows the memory arithmetic functions available with the calculator In each case the result is stored in the specified memory These examples assume that a value is already in the display Function...

Страница 25: ...gister 8 N 24 00 Compute 7 Q 8 7 N 56 00 Compute 45 Q 8 45 N 360 00 Keystrokes for Constant Calculations The following table shows how to set the constant for addition subtraction multiplication divis...

Страница 26: ...to another From a worksheet to the standard calculator mode From the standard calculator mode to a worksheet ANS is updated when You enter a value by pressing You compute a value by pressing You press...

Страница 27: ...the keyboard 0 All other worksheets are prompted For example the key sequence lets you access the variables in the prompted worksheet to amortization calculations You select settings for some variabl...

Страница 28: ...flow analyses Worksheet Variables TVM Variables You access the five time value of money variables with the five TVM keys on the third row of the keyboard You can access other parts of the TVM workshee...

Страница 29: ...s enter values or compute results To return to standard calculator mode press U There are five types of worksheet variables Enter only Compute only Automatic compute Enter or compute Settings Enter On...

Страница 30: ...matic compute variables you do not have to press a value is automatically computed and displayed when you access the variable by pressing or After a value is automatically computed an sign is displaye...

Страница 31: ...e a value for the variable you must press After you press or an sign is displayed between the label and the value Selecting Worksheet Settings Most prompted worksheets have variables with two or more...

Страница 32: ...d Setting Defaults Label z z z N 0 0 I Y 0 0 PV 0 0 PMT 0 0 FV 0 0 P Y 12 12 C Y 12 12 END BGN END END P1 1 1 P2 1 1 BAL 0 0 PRN 0 0 INT 0 0 Note also sets the calculator formats 2 decimal places DEG...

Страница 33: ...mortization worksheets are useful in applications where the cash flows are equal evenly spaced and either all inflows or all outflows They help you solve problems involving annuities loans mortgages l...

Страница 34: ...ng V BGN Beginning of period payments Setting P1 Starting payment Enter only P2 Ending payment Enter only BAL Balance Auto compute PRN Principal paid Auto compute INT Interest paid Auto compute Notes...

Страница 35: ...on is an ordinary annuity or an annuity due In ordinary annuities the payments occur at the end of each payment period Most loans are in this category For ordinary annuities select END In annuities du...

Страница 36: ...iable label the sign and the value you entered or recalled are displayed In worksheet mode only the value you entered or recalled is displayed Any label previously in the display remains To compute a...

Страница 37: ...earn a greater amount of interest on your initial investment In order to earn compound interest the interest must remain with the principal For example if you invest 100 at an annual interest rate of...

Страница 38: ...with the 35 regular payments and the balloon payment at the right Entering Inflows and Outflows The calculator follows the established convention of treating inflows of cash cash received as positive...

Страница 39: ...ress C Y compounding periods per year and its current value are displayed When you enter a value for P Y the same value is automatically entered for C Y If the compounding periods per year is differen...

Страница 40: ...ND P1 1 P2 1 BAL 0 PRN 0 INT 0 Press P1 and its current value are displayed Specify the range of payments To enter a value for P1 the first payment in the range key in a value and press To enter a val...

Страница 41: ...r of periods as in the previous range of payments For example if the previous range was 1 through 12 12 payments pressing updates the range to 13 through 24 12 payments Press to display P2 If you pres...

Страница 42: ...ach month of 576 69 What is the interest rate of your mortgage Procedure Keystrokes Display Set all variables to defaults RST 0 00 Enter number of payments using payment multiplier 30 Z N 360 00 Enter...

Страница 43: ...576 69 The monthly payment would be 576 69 Example Quarterly Payment continued from previous example Your mortgage company also offers an option for a quarterly mortgage with quarterly compounding Ho...

Страница 44: ...ear What is the future value of the account after 20 years Procedure Keystrokes Display Set all variables to defaults RST 0 00 Set payments per year to 1 1 P Y 1 00 Return to calculator mode U 0 00 En...

Страница 45: ...he end of each year How much do you need to deposit now Procedure Keystrokes Display Set all variables to defaults RST 0 00 Set payments per year to 1 1 P Y 1 00 Return to calculator mode U 0 00 Enter...

Страница 46: ...annual savings of 20 000 per year for the next 10 years Using an annual discount rate of 10 compute the present value of the savings using an ordinary annuity and an annuity due For a present value o...

Страница 47: ...lculator mode U 0 00 Enter number of payments 10 N 10 00 Enter interest rate per payment period 10 I Y 10 00 Enter payment 20000 S PMT 20 000 00 Compute PV for an ordinary annuity PV 122 891 34 Set be...

Страница 48: ...nuity as an ordinary annuity and as an annuity due For a perpetual ordinary annuity PV PMT PMT to infinity 0 1 2 For a perpetual annuity due PV PMT PMT PMT to infinity 0 1 2 Because the term 1 I Y 100...

Страница 49: ...y 110 per 1000 bond You plan to purchase the bonds if you can earn 15 annually What price should you pay for the bonds Procedure Keystrokes Display Clear U P P 0 00 Calculate PV for a perpetual ordina...

Страница 50: ...sh flows is the value of cash flows occurring at the end of each payment period discounted back to the beginning of the first cash flow period time zero PV CF1 CFj 1 Cfj 0 1 NN1 N Example Present Valu...

Страница 51: ...ash flow 7000 S 0 FV 7 000 00 Enter period number 2 N 2 00 Compute present value of 2nd cash flow PV 5 785 12 Sum to memory D H 1 Enter 3rd cash flow 8000 S 0 FV 8 000 00 Enter period number 3 N 3 00...

Страница 52: ...his kind Ignoring tax effects should you acquire it and if so should you lease or purchase it Example Present Value of Cost Savings Procedure Keystrokes Display Set all variables to defaults RST 0 00...

Страница 53: ...f period payments V BGN Return to calculator mode U 0 00 Enter number of periods 5 N 5 00 Enter periodic interest rate at which your firm can borrow 15 I Y 15 00 Enter annual lease payment 36000 S PMT...

Страница 54: ...e machine The total value of the machine is the present value of the residual value plus the present value of the lease payments Procedure Keystrokes Display Set all variables to defaults RST 0 00 Set...

Страница 55: ...ounded monthly for two years How much is the monthly payment PV 525 FV 0 PMT PMT PMT 0 1 23 N 24 I Y 20 12 Example Monthly Payments Procedure Keystrokes Display Set all variables to defaults RST 0 00...

Страница 56: ...ments 13 N 13 00 Enter bond price 852 5 S PV 852 50 Calculate the coupon payment 9 2 6 2 1000 N PMT 45 00 Enter bond redemption value 1000 0 FV 1 000 00 Compute annual yield I Y 12 37 Store in memory...

Страница 57: ...if the fund earns an annual interest of 7 5 compounded monthly assuming beginning of period payments Future value FV Interest 7 5 Number of payments N 240 Payment amount PMT 200 Example Regular Deposi...

Страница 58: ...and Down Payment Calculate the loan amount Then subtract it from the cost of the car to find the down payment PV FV 0 125 125 125 0 1 47 N 48 I Y 13 51 12 Procedure Keystrokes Display Set all variabl...

Страница 59: ...periods per year is automatically set to equal P Y payments per year so you need to set C Y Example Monthly Deposits Compounded Quarterly Procedure Keystrokes Display Set all variables to defaults RS...

Страница 60: ...f 120 000 and an annual percentage rate of 9 125 Procedure Keystrokes Display Set all variables to defaults RST 0 00 Enter number of payments using payment multiplier 30 Z N 360 00 Enter interest rate...

Страница 61: ...play Select the Amortization worksheet P1 1 00 Set ending period to 9 9 P2 9 00 Display first year amortization data BAL PRN INT 119 407 46 592 54 8 194 70 Change beginning period to 10 10 P1 10 00 Ch...

Страница 62: ...of the balloon payment Example Compute Monthly Payment Procedure Keystrokes Display Set all variables to defaults RST 0 00 Enter number of payments using payment multiplier 30 Z N 360 00 Enter interes...

Страница 63: ...edure Keystrokes Display Set all variables to defaults RST 0 00 Leave payments per year at 12 P Y 12 00 Set compounding periods per year to 2 2 C Y 2 00 Return to calculator mode U 0 00 Enter number o...

Страница 64: ...58 BA II PLUS Calculator...

Страница 65: ...sh Flow Worksheet Three keys are used for performing cash flow calculations lets you enter cash flow data lets you compute net present value lets you compute internal rate of return Press and to move...

Страница 66: ...low C01 C24 or the number of the corresponding frequency F01 F24 Notes about the Cash Flow Worksheet z sets all variable values to zero sets all variable values to zero To enter cash flow values and f...

Страница 67: ...n There may be additional solutions This occurs when there are two or more sign changes in the cash flow sequence When an error message is displayed there are two possibilities No solution for IRR exi...

Страница 68: ...an annuity s present value PV in the TVM worksheet a typical cash flow problem usually has an initial cash flow labeled CFo This is always a known entered value Grouped Cash Flows In some cash flow p...

Страница 69: ...tial cash flow and press Press to display C01 Key in a value for the first cash flow or group of cash flows and press Enter an inflow cash received as a positive number enter an outflow cash paid out...

Страница 70: ...fter deleting 8 000 cash flow 8 000 cash flow Procedure Deleting a Cash Flow The DEL indicator lets you know when you can delete a cash flow Press or until the cash flow you want to delete is displaye...

Страница 71: ...ou know when you can insert a cash flow Press or until the display shows the current cash flow where you want to insert the new cash flow For example if you want to insert a new second cash flow displ...

Страница 72: ...NPV indicates a profitable investment Procedure Computing Net Present Value Press Z and its current value are displayed Key in a value for Z discount rate and press Press to display the NPV variable l...

Страница 73: ...equal values Because the initial cash flow CFo is an outflow it is a negative value On the next few pages you will enter cash flow data edit the data when a change is necessary and compute the net pre...

Страница 74: ...ear Incorrect Cash Flow Correct Cash Flow 1 3 000 3 000 2 5 000 4 000 3 5 000 5 000 4 5 000 5 000 5 5 000 5 000 6 4 000 5 000 Edit the existing data in the Cash Flow worksheet by deleting the 4 000 va...

Страница 75: ...Procedure Keystrokes Display Access NPV 0 00 Enter interest rate per period 20 20 00 Compute net present value NPV 7 266 44 Example Computing Internal Rate of Return continued from previous example C...

Страница 76: ...ment schedule with beginning of period payments Number of Months Payment Amount 4 0 8 5000 3 0 9 6000 2 0 10 7000 If the required earnings rate is 10 annually with monthly compounding What is the pres...

Страница 77: ...st I 10 C01 C02 C03 C04 C05 C06 0 5000 0 6000 0 7000 F01 3 F02 8 F03 3 F04 9 F05 2 F06 10 Initial investment CFo 0 Procedure Keystrokes Display Set all variables to defaults RST 0 00 Select Cash Flow...

Страница 78: ...NPV from Cash Flow worksheet Interest I Y 10 Number of payments N 36 Payment amount PMT Procedure Keystrokes Display Set beginning of period payments V BGN Return to calculator mode U 0 00 Enter NPV a...

Страница 79: ...4 Bond Worksheet 73 4 Bond Worksheet To access the Bond worksheet press l Press and to move through each set of variables...

Страница 80: ...nt method or coupons per year Notes about the Bond Worksheet l z sets RV 100 CPN 0 YLD 0 and PRI 0 SDT RDT day count method and coupon frequency are not affected sets RV 100 CPN 0 YLD 0 and PRI 0 SDT...

Страница 81: ...s par value For to maturity analysis enter 100 for RV For to call analysis enter the call price for RV When either ACT or 360 is displayed you can set the day count method by pressing V repeatedly to...

Страница 82: ...alue sells at a discount Redemption Date The date on which the issuing agency retires the bond This date may be the date of maturity or for a callable bond a call date Redemption Value The amount paid...

Страница 83: ...lear the worksheet Key in a value for SDT settlement date and press Press repeatedly and enter values for CPN coupon rate RDT redemption date and RV redemption value just as you did for SDT Procedure...

Страница 84: ...e Computing Bond Yield YLD Press until PRI is displayed Key in a value for PRI and press Press to display YLD and then press A value for YLD is computed and displayed Computing Accrued Interest AI A v...

Страница 85: ...rokes Display Set all variables to defaults RST 0 00 Select Bond worksheet l SDT 12 31 1990 Enter settlement date 6 1296 SDT 6 12 1996 Enter coupon rate 7 CPN 7 00 Enter redemption date 12 3197 RDT 12...

Страница 86: ...80 BA II PLUS Calculator...

Страница 87: ...s the Depreciation worksheet press p Then choose a depreciation method enter the known values and compute the unknown values To choose a depreciation method press V repeatedly until the desired method...

Страница 88: ...Remaining book value at the end of the year Auto compute RDV Remaining depreciable value Auto compute Press V repeatedly to view all of the options for depreciation method Notes about the Depreciation...

Страница 89: ...portion represents the month that the asset is placed into service The decimal portion represents the fraction of the initial month in which the asset begins to depreciate For example entering 1 5 sp...

Страница 90: ...clining balance percent The default value is 200 Procedure Entering Depreciation Data Press to display LIF Key in a value for LIF and press Repeat for M01 DT1 if SLF CST SAL and YR To use SLF or DBF d...

Страница 91: ...et p SL Select declining balance crossover method V V V DBX 200 00 Enter life in years 7 LIF 7 00 Enter starting month 5 5 M01 5 50 Enter cost 100000 CST 100 000 00 Leave salvage value at 0 SAL 0 00 L...

Страница 92: ...SL Enter life in years 31 5 LIF 31 50 Enter starting month 3 5 M01 3 50 Enter cost 1000000 CST 1 000 000 00 Leave salvage value as is SAL 0 00 Leave year as is YR 1 00 Display depreciation amount rem...

Страница 93: ...tatistics Worksheet Two keys are used for performing statistics calculations j lets you enter statistical data k lets you choose a statistics calculation method and compute results Press and to move t...

Страница 94: ...f X Population standard deviation of X Mean average of Y values Sample standard deviation of Y Population standard deviation of Y Linear regression y intercept Linear regression slope Correlation coef...

Страница 95: ...iable statistics Xnn represents the value and Ynn specifies the number of occurrences frequency When you enter a value for Xnn the value for Ynn defaults to 1 To analyze one variable statistics select...

Страница 96: ...R Y a Xb All X and Y values zero The statistical results are computed using transformed values The linear model uses X and Y The logarithmic model uses ln X and Y The exponential model uses X and ln Y...

Страница 97: ...ksheet Key in a value for X01 and press If you are entering one variable data X01 is the first data point If you are entering two variable data X01 is the first X value Press to display the Y01 variab...

Страница 98: ...creases the numbers of subsequent data points so that there is no gap Procedure Inserting a Data Point When the INS indicator is displayed you can insert a data point Press or until the display shows...

Страница 99: ...ariable data select 1 V Press to begin computing results Computing Results To compute results based on the current data set press repeatedly after you have selected the statistics calculation method T...

Страница 100: ...94 BA II PLUS Calculator Procedure Computing X If necessary press k Press or until Y is displayed Key in a value for Y and press Press to display the X variable Press to compute an X value...

Страница 101: ...hree times You can save time entering by using the frequency factor Ynn for them Find the mean and the sample standard deviation Example Entering One Variable Statistical Data Procedure Keystrokes Dis...

Страница 102: ...alespeople in an office and the volume of sales Offices in various cities have the following number of salespeople and resulting total sales Number of salespeople Sales per month 7 99 000 12 152 000 4...

Страница 103: ...Display Select and clear data entry portion of Statistics worksheet j z X01 0 00 Enter data set 7 99000 X01 Y01 7 00 99 000 00 12 152000 X02 Y02 12 00 152 000 00 4 81000 X03 Y03 4 00 81 000 00 5 9800...

Страница 104: ...8 Display correlation r 0 96 Enter X people 10 X 10 00 Compute Y sales Y 131 346 15 Enter Y sales 115000 Y 115 000 00 Compute new X people X 8 06 Because the correlation coefficient r of 96 is close t...

Страница 105: ...7 Other Worksheets This chapter contains information about six worksheets Percent Change Compound Interest Worksheet Interest Conversion Worksheet Date Worksheet Profit Margin Worksheet Breakeven Work...

Страница 106: ...H 0 and PD 1 sets OLD 0 NEW 0 CH 0 and PD 1 For percent change calculations enter values for any two of the three variables OLD NEW and CH and compute a value for the unknown variable Leave PD 1 A pos...

Страница 107: ...wo of the three variables OLD NEW and CH Leave PD set to 1 Compound Interest Enter values for three of the four variables OLD NEW CH and PD Cost Sell Markup Enter values for two of the three variables...

Страница 108: ...e CH 6 38 Enter 7 as percent change 7 S CH 7 00 Compute new actual amount NEW 611 94 700 represents a 6 38 increase over the original forecast of 658 A decrease of 7 would result in a new actual amoun...

Страница 109: ...tem is 100 the selling price is 125 Find the markup Procedure Keystrokes Display Select and clear Percent Change Compound Interest worksheet q z OLD 0 00 Enter original cost 100 OLD 100 00 Enter selli...

Страница 110: ...per year In these situations simply comparing the nominal rates is misleading Before you can make a valid comparison you should convert the nominal interest rate NOM to the annual effective interest r...

Страница 111: ...interest rate To compute a value for the unknown variable press or until the variable label you want NOM or EFF is displayed and then press The calculator computes and displays the value Example Inter...

Страница 112: ...t is U S and DBD to zero The day count method is not affected sets DT1 and DT2 to 12 31 1990 if date format is U S DBD to zero and the day count method to ACT DT1 is assumed to be the earlier date and...

Страница 113: ...is displayed Compute a value for the unknown variable Press or until the variable label you want is displayed and then press The calculator computes and displays the value Example Computing Days betw...

Страница 114: ...business Sometimes the terms margin and markup are used interchangeably but each has a distinct meaning Gross profit margin is the difference between selling price and cost expressed as a percentage o...

Страница 115: ...n a value and press Compute a value for the unknown variable for example compute a value for CST Press or until the variable label you want is displayed and then press The calculator computes and disp...

Страница 116: ...te PFT Profit Enter compute Q Quantity Enter compute Notes about the Breakeven Worksheet The Breakeven worksheet is a tool for analyzing the relationships between fixed costs variable costs per unit q...

Страница 117: ...example compute a value for Q Press or until the variable label you want is displayed and then press The calculator computes and displays the value Example Computing Breakeven Quantity A canoe company...

Страница 118: ...ly M3 Memory 3 Enter only M4 Memory 4 Enter only M5 Memory 5 Enter only M6 Memory 6 Enter only M7 Memory 7 Enter only M8 Memory 8 Enter only M9 Memory 9 Enter only Notes about the Memory Worksheet The...

Страница 119: ...d then press To perform memory arithmetic without being in the Memory worksheet refer to Memory Operations in Chapter 1 Procedure Clearing a Memory To store a zero in memory 4 in effect clearing the m...

Страница 120: ...by 95 Press or until M0 is displayed Press 95 Procedure Dividing a Value in a Memory To divide the value in memory 6 by 95 Press or until M6 is displayed Press 6 95 Procedure Raising a Value in Memor...

Страница 121: ...formation on formulas error conditions and accuracy that may be helpful as you use your calculator Formulas Error Conditions Accuracy Information IRR Internal Rate of Return Calculations Algebraic Ope...

Страница 122: ...Y C Y compounding periods per year P Y payment periods per year I Y interest rate per year i FV PV N 1 1 where PMT 0 The iteration used to compute i 0 1 1 1 PV PMT G i i FV i i N N I Y 100 Q C Y Q e...

Страница 123: ...T Q N where i 0 Amortization If computing bal pmt2 npmt Let bal 0 RND PV Iterate from m 1 to pmt2 I I m m RND RND i bal m bal m bal m RND PMT 12 1 1 then bal bal pmt2 GPrn bal pmt2 N bal pmt1 GInt pmt...

Страница 124: ...ow CF0 and subsequent cash flows CFj i I Y 100 Bonds Price given yield with one coupon period or less to redemption PRI RV R M DSR E Y M A E R M 100 1 100 where PRI dollar price per 100 par value RV r...

Страница 125: ...ss to redemption Y RV R M PRI A E R M PRI A E R M M E DSR 100 100 100 Price given yield with more than one coupon period to redemption PRI RV Y M R M Y M N DSC E K DSC E K N 1 100 1 1 1 1 100 R M A E...

Страница 126: ...re AI accrued interest PAR par value principal amount to be paid at maturity Source for bond formulas Lynch John J Jr and Jan H Mayle Standard Securities Calculation Methods New York Securities Indust...

Страница 127: ...DV Declining balance depreciation RBV DB LIF 100 where RBV is for YR 1 First year CST DB LIF FSTYR 100 Unless CST DB LIF RDV 100 then use RDV Q FSTYR If DEP RDV use DEP RDV If computing last year DEP...

Страница 128: ...2 2 a y b x n r b x y Interest Rate Conversions EFF eC Y x 100 1 1 ln where x 01 Q NOM P C Y NOM C Y e C Y x 100 1 1 1 ln where x 01 Q EFF Percent Change NEW OLD CH PD 1 100 where OLD old value NEW ne...

Страница 129: ...hod assumes actual number of days per month and actual number of days per year DBD days between dates number of days II number of days I Number of Days I Y1 YB Q 365 number of days MB to M1 DT1 Y YB 1...

Страница 130: ...first date Y1 year of first date M2 month of second date DT2 day of second date Y2 year of second date Note If DT1 is 31 change DT1 to 30 If DT2 is 31 and DT1 is 30 or 31 change DT2 to 30 otherwise l...

Страница 131: ...May occur in an internal calculation by the calculator Attempted to compute 1 x when x is zero In Statistics worksheet attempted a calculation when all X values or all Y values are the same Error 2 In...

Страница 132: ...he range 0 9 Error 5 No solution exists In TVM worksheet attempted to compute I Y when FV N Q PMT and PV all have the same sign Make sure that cash inflows are positive and cash outflows are negative...

Страница 133: ...rksheet pressed to stop the evaluation of I Y In Amortization worksheet pressed to stop the evaluation of BAL or INT In Cash Flow worksheet pressed to stop the evaluation of IRR In Bond worksheet pres...

Страница 134: ...of the result is 5 or greater the calculator automatically rounds the result to the next larger value for display For example consider this problem 1 P 3 Q 3 Internally the calculator solves the probl...

Страница 135: ...sequence When There Are No Sign Changes When a sequence of cash flows has no sign changes there is no solution for IRR The calculator displays Error 5 no solution exists The following time line shows...

Страница 136: ...on has no financial meaning Thus you should use caution in making investment decisions based on an IRR computed for a cash flow stream with more than one sign change The following time line shows a se...

Страница 137: ...alculator uses the standard rules of algebraic hierarchy to determine the order in which operations are performed Algebraic Hierarchy The table below shows the order in which operations are performed...

Страница 138: ...ws from the metal battery cover and lift it off the battery Tip the calculator slightly to remove the battery Caution Avoid contact with other calculator components while changing the battery Install...

Страница 139: ...he battery if necessary The calculator does not display the worksheet variables that you expect Be sure the calculator is in the correct worksheet The calculator does not display the number of decimal...

Страница 140: ...Islands only Home Page education ti com For Technical Questions Phone 1 972 917 8324 For Product Hardware Service Customers in the U S Canada Mexico Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands Always contact Texas...

Страница 141: ...COSTS EXPENSES OR DAMAGES INCURRED BY THE CONSUMER OR ANY OTHER USER Some states provinces do not allow the exclusion or limitation of implied warranties or consequential damages so the above limitat...

Страница 142: ...exclusion or limitation of implied warranties or consequential damages so the above limitations or exclusions may not apply to you Legal Remedies This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you...

Страница 143: ...tercept 88 Accrued interest AI 74 75 78 79 Accuracy 128 ACT actual actual day count method 74 75 77 106 107 Actual actual day count method ACT 74 75 77 106 107 Addition 13 AI accrued interest 74 75 78...

Страница 144: ...Cosine 14 Cost CST 82 84 108 109 Cost Sell Markup 101 103 Coupon payment 76 CPN annual coupon rate percent 74 76 77 CST cost 82 84 108 109 Curve fitting 90 D Data points 91 92 Date 1 and 2 DT1 DT2 82...

Страница 145: ...straight line depreciation 86 two variable statistics 96 variable cash flows 44 yield to maturity 50 EXP exponential regression 88 89 90 Exponential regression EXP 88 89 90 F Face value 76 Factorial...

Страница 146: ...emory worksheet 112 14 Mortgages 27 Multiplication 13 N n number of observations 88 89 N number of periods 28 30 Natural antilogarithm 14 Natural logarithm 14 Negative 5 Net present value NPV 60 66 NE...

Страница 147: ...dures continued storing to memory 113 subtracting from memory 113 using memory 113 using the TVM worksheet 33 Profit PFT 110 111 Profit margin MAR 108 109 Profit Margin worksheet 108 9 PV present valu...

Страница 148: ...s 89 90 93 96 U Uneven cash flows 62 Unit price P 110 111 Universal power 13 15 US date format 8 106 number separator format 9 V Variable cost per unit VC 110 111 VC variable cost per unit 110 111 W W...

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