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4
Monitoring
4.4
ECG and heart rate monitoring
Page 46
A
rt.
no.
: 0-48-
0227
Rev.:
g
DEFIGARD/PHYSIOGARD Touch 7
4.4.6
Monitoring a pacemaker patient
When monitoring the heart rate of pacemaker patients, it is important that the device
will only count the QRS complexes and reject the pacer pulses.
Randomly, some pacemaker pulses could be missing on the display.
Pacemaker impulses are represented by red vertical dashes above the top ECG
curve.
The device
has an electronic pacer pulse suppression algorithm which rejects the
pacer pulses so that they are not counted as QRS complexes. Depending on the
pacemaker model used and on the position of the electrodes, the compensation pulse
following every pacer pulse may be considered as a QRS complex. In this situation
and when the pacer pulse is ineffective, the displayed heart rate may lead to a
misinterpretation, and the device will not issue an alarm in the case of bradycardia or
asystole. Whether or not the compensation pulse is counted as a QRS complex
depends on the pacer pulse parameters.
For pacemaker patients, the ECG signal amplitude should be greater that 1 mV.
Erroneous HR display
In the monitoring of pacemaker patients, the possibility
of pacer pulses being counted as QRS complexes cannot be excluded.
Therefore, pacemaker patients should always be watched closely. It is
recommend monitoring pacemaker patients by means of the plethysmogram HR
source = Pleth in the ECG or SpO
2
menu).
This device can reject double pacemaker pulses having amplitudes from ± 2 mV
to ±700 mV (± 70mV) and pulse widths from 0.1 ms to 2.0 ms ( ± 0.3 ms)
synchronized with an ECG or without ECG.
Patients with a pacemaker must be observed continuously because the heart
rate from the pacemaker might still be registered in case of a cardiac arrest or
some arrhythmias.
Pacemaker signals from different pacemakers vary. In the case of cardiac
arrests or some arrhythmias, pacemaker signals might still be measured,
especially signals from pacemakers generating high amplitudes (> 20 mV) or
overshoot. Pacemaker patients need to be monitored very closely.
If the source of the heart rate is SpO
2
, this is indicated by the
blue HR (Pleth)
measurement field instead of the green HR measurement field.
Fig. 4.7
Indication HR source
SpO
2