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Operating Manual

CCD Camera Models

ST-7E, ST-8E and ST-9E

Santa Barbara Instrument Group

1482 East Valley Road • Suite 33

PO Box 50437

Santa Barbara, CA 93150

Phone (805) 969-1851

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Fax (805) 969-4069

Web:<www.sbig.com>

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Email:<[email protected]>

Содержание ST-7E

Страница 1: ...al CCD Camera Models ST 7E ST 8E and ST 9E Santa Barbara Instrument Group 1482 East Valley Road Suite 33 PO Box 50437 Santa Barbara CA 93150 Phone 805 969 1851 Fax 805 969 4069 Web www sbig com Email...

Страница 2: ...s equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by on...

Страница 3: ...13 3 At the Telescope with a CCD Camera 15 3 1 Step by Step with a CCD Camera 15 3 2 Attaching the Camera to the Telescope 15 3 3 Establishing a Communications Link 16 3 4 Focusing the CCD Camera 16...

Страница 4: ...9 6 1 Cooling Booster 39 6 2 Tri color Imaging 40 6 3 Camera Lens Adapters and Eyepiece Projection 40 6 4 Focal Reducers 40 6 5 AO 7 and Lucy Richardson Software 40 6 6 SGS Self Guided Spectrograph 41...

Страница 5: ...with no differential deflection of guide scope relative to main telescope and no radial guider setup hassles all from the computer keyboard This capability coupled with the phenomenal sensitivity of t...

Страница 6: ...ode Use the Photo Mode command in the Display menu Click the mouse to return to the menus Load up the other sample images and display them using the photo display mode You have to close any existing i...

Страница 7: ...sections of the manual Insert the CCD Camera into the telescope and focus on a star refer to Sections 3 2 and 3 3 Find some relatively bright object like M51 the Ring Nebula M57 or the Dumbbell Nebula...

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Страница 9: ...splayed as an image It could just as well be displayed as a spreadsheet with groups of numbers in each cell representing the number of electrons produced at each pixel These numbers are displayed by y...

Страница 10: ...shutter built into the camera covers the CCD during the readout to prevent streaking of the image Without a shutter the image would be streaked due to the fact that the pixels continue to collect ligh...

Страница 11: ...d ST 9E use two CCDs one for imaging Kodak KAF series and one for tracking TI TC211 like the ST 4 4X Table 2 1 below lists some interesting aspects of the CCDs used in the various SBIG cameras Camera...

Страница 12: ...cameras Finally the cameras contain a TTL level telescope interface port to control the telescope and the optional CFW 6A motorized color filter wheel Although not part of the CCD Camera itself the Ho...

Страница 13: ...ght polluted sights 2 4 2 Double Correlated Sampling Readout During readout the charge stored in a pixel is stored temporarily on a capacitor This capacitor converts the optically generated charge to...

Страница 14: ...an inch and in the ST 9E it s 20 x 20 microns However the effects of seeing are usually the limiting factor in any good photograph or electronic image On a perfect night with excellent optics an obser...

Страница 15: ...rcminutes ST 7E 6 89 x 4 59 mm 8 28 mm 11 9 x 7 9 arcminutes ST 8E 13 8 x 9 18 mm 16 6 mm 23 8 x 15 8 arcminutes ST 9E 10 2 x 10 2 mm 14 4 mm 17 6 x 17 6 arcminutes 35mm 36 x 24 mm 43 mm 62 x 42 arcmi...

Страница 16: ...time between exposure of the chip and production of the image is usually measured in seconds Another very important aspect of electronic imaging is that the resulting data are uniquely suited to mani...

Страница 17: ...CCD chips in the camera and split the incoming light into three beams The images from each of the three chips in red green and blue light is combined to form a color image Resolution is maintained Fo...

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Страница 19: ...ce holder A fifteen foot cable runs from the head to the host computer s parallel port The camera is powered by a desktop power supply Operation from a car battery is possible using the optional 12V p...

Страница 20: ...ications with the camera Note It is not necessary to have a camera connected to your computer to run the software and display images already saved onto disk It is only necessary to have a camera conne...

Страница 21: ...n update rate can be increased significantly by using Planet mode In Planet mode the Focus command takes a full image and then lets you position a variable sized rectangle around the star On subsequen...

Страница 22: ...lso be seen 3 6 Taking an Image Take a CCD image of the object by selecting the Grab command and setting the exposure time Start out with the Image size set to full and Auto Display and Auto contrast...

Страница 23: ...air around in the image using the keyboard or the mouse As you position the crosshair the software displays the pixel value beneath the crosshair and the X and Y coordinates of the crosshair Also show...

Страница 24: ...nd the software even allows making telescope corrections between images to keep the object positioned in the field of view The resulting exposure is almost as good as a single long exposure depending...

Страница 25: ...d downloads the image for display A calibration star should be chosen that is relatively bright and isolated The calibration software can get confused if another star of comparable brightness moves on...

Страница 26: ...ack with the three color band filters Second since you have narrowed the CCD s wavelength response with the interference filters longer exposures are required to achieve a similar signal to noise comp...

Страница 27: ...E CCD Cameras are supplied with a 15 foot cable to connect the system to the host computer The connection is between the camera and the Host Computer s parallel LPT port The camera will operate proper...

Страница 28: ...lephone cable for interface to the Telescope port see Appendix A for specific pin outs etc The TIC 78 plugs into the 9 pin port on the ST 7E 8E 9E and a standard phone cable which we supply connects t...

Страница 29: ...quired for these switches involves cutting traces or wires in the hand controller Essentially the relay s Normally Open is wired in parallel with the switch activating the relay or pushing the hand co...

Страница 30: ...y B C A nc c no relay R 2 R 2 Figure 4 4 Joystick Eliminator 4 5 Modular Family of CCD Cameras With the introduction of the ST 6 CCD Camera in 1992 SBIG started a line of high quality low noise modula...

Страница 31: ...tromechanical Vane Having the vane in the ST 6 means the host software can effectively cover the telescope and take dark frames remotely without the user having to get up and physically cover the tele...

Страница 32: ...utions of 320 x 200 to 640 x 480 with good grey scale the CCDs used in the SBIG cameras offer a good trade off between cost and resolution matching the computer s capabilities well Pixel Dimensions Th...

Страница 33: ...of merit is not all that important You will rarely takes images that fill the pixels to the maximum level except for stars in the field of view Low level nebulosity will almost always be well below s...

Страница 34: ...ll Nebula 8 5 x 5 5 arcminutes M57 Ring Nebula 1 3 x 1 arcminutes 6400mm 250 inches 23000mm 900 inches Table 4 5 Focal Length Required From these numbers you can deduce that the popular C8 an 8 f 10 t...

Страница 35: ...inverter We have used the Radio Shack model 22 132A 12 volt DC to 115 volt AC Portable Power Inverter 140 watt with good success The camera draws 2 2 amps from the battery with this inverter which sh...

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Страница 37: ...good starting point for finding and centering deep sky objects If you find ten seconds to be insufficient a one minute exposure will clearly show nearly any object you wish to image particularly if 2...

Страница 38: ...ossible to duplicate temperature and exposure conditions on successive nights You can set the camera TE cooler temperature to a value comfortably within reach on your average night and then take and s...

Страница 39: ...e images This special preparation is necessary to have the same set of alignment and co addition operations apply to the flat field file that have occurred in acquiring the Track and Accumulate image...

Страница 40: ...mage with the combined flat field image Use the Open command to load the IMAGE file then use the Flat Field command The software will present you with a file directory dialog where you should select t...

Страница 41: ...From this calibration information the software is able to calculate a precise correction when the guide star moves away from its intended position At the start you should pick a calibration star with...

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Страница 43: ...ld disconnect the hoses from the camera and shake out the water trapped in the heat sink Disconnecting the hoses will reduce the potential perturbation to your telescope mount To operate the cooling b...

Страница 44: ...a lens adapter allows you to mount your camera lens in place of the telescope for very wide field views of the night sky or for daytime terrestrial imaging The adapters are available for a variety of...

Страница 45: ...ntegrated package 6 7 2 Image Processing Software There are a host of image processing software packages capable of reading and processing TIFF files and new packages are being developed which will re...

Страница 46: ...suggestions on how to improve it please don t fail to contact us We appreciate all your comments and suggestions Additionally if you are interested in writing software supporting SBIG cameras we offe...

Страница 47: ...ocus knob so you can rapidly return to the best point after going through focus Elongated Guided Images When using Track and Accumulate or Self Guiding if you notice guiding errors resulting in elonga...

Страница 48: ...down to a specific direction or directions If you set the Camera Resolution to the Low mode in the Camera Setup Command you can move the telescope and Grab an image fairly quickly to detect movement o...

Страница 49: ...Section 7 Common Problems Page 45 cause A D Timeout and other parallel errors Refer to you computer manual for how to use the BIOS Setup utility to configure your parallel port...

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Страница 51: ...The user will need to routinely create image files called Dark Frames A Dark Frame is an image taken completely in the dark The shutter covers the CCD Dark Frames are subtracted from normal exposures...

Страница 52: ...t in the end the image file is nothing more than a list of pixel values one for each CCD pixel These value numbers can be displayed in two formats as a table or plotted as a graph Light Frame The Ligh...

Страница 53: ...telescope for photometric calculations The Response Factor multiplied by 6700 is the number of photoelectrons generated in the CCD for a 0th magnitude star per second per square inch of aperture Satu...

Страница 54: ...allows the user to automatically co register and co add including dark frame subtraction a series of images of an object These exposures can be taken unguided as long as the Snapshot time does not exc...

Страница 55: ...12 Volts Out 100mA max 9 5 Volts Out 300 mA max Shell Chassis Ground Table A1 Telescope Connector Pin Number Function 6 Shell Earth Ground 5 DC Ground 4 12V DC 100mA 3 No contact 2 12V DC 500mA 1 5V D...

Страница 56: ...ace Cable or you can make your own cable Figure A1 below shows the pinouts on these telescopes Special Common Left Down Up Right White Black Red Green Yellow Blue None 5 6 7 4 3 Telescope Port Pin Mod...

Страница 57: ...r the desiccant used in the ST 7E 8E 9E The desiccant absorbs moisture in the CCD chamber lowering the dew point below the operating temperature of the cooled CCD thus preventing the formation of fros...

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Страница 59: ...e telescope Do not rotate the head between image and flat field since the vignetting is usually slightly off center Do not be tempted to build a little LED into the telescope or camera for doing flat...

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Страница 61: ...ct 19 Focus 17 19 Grab 18 33 Track 37 Track and Accumulate 20 33 37 Tracking Parameters 37 Commands Establish COM Link 16 PC Setup 16 communications link 16 connector Telescope 49 connector CPU RELAYS...

Страница 62: ...1 53 microcontroller 8 modifying hand controller 24 moon 16 30 33 negative image 18 nosepiece 15 observatory 23 optical head 15 23 optical head orientation 16 O ring 8 path def 46 path filter def 46 P...

Страница 63: ...TE Cooler def 48 Technical Support 42 telescope 10 15 18 20 Telescope connector 49 telescope hand controller 18 20 23 24 temperature regulation 9 18 27 thermistor 9 TIC 49 TIC 78 24 TIFF format def 48...

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