Concepts and Features
R&S
®
ZNA
147
User Manual 1178.6462.02 ─ 12
The impedance for waveguides is frequency-dependent. If a waveguide line type is
selected in the "Cal Connector Types" dialog, the "Char. Imp." field is disabled and indi-
cates "varies"instead of a definite impedance value. Moreover no loss or offset loss
can be set.
Offset parameters and standard types
Offset parameters are used to describe all types of standards except the Sliding Match
and the Attenuation.
●
The Sliding Match is a one-port standard with variable load parameters (sliding
load) and unspecified length. The reference impedance is fixed and equal to the
characteristic impedance of the connector type. No load and offset parameters
need to be set.
●
The Attenuation is a two-port standard which is fully matched in both directions (the
reflection factor at both ports is zero). No load and offset parameters need to be
set.
Load parameters and standard types
Load parameters are used to describe all types of standards except a Through, a Slid-
ing Match, a Line, and an Attenuation.
●
The Through standard is a through-connection between two ports with minimum
loss which is taken into account by the offset parameters.
●
The Sliding Match is a one-port standard with variable load parameters (sliding
load), so there is no fixed load model.
●
The Line standard is a line of variable length with minimum loss which is taken into
account by the offset parameters.
●
The Attenuation is a two-port standard which is fully matched in both directions (the
reflection factor at both ports is zero). No load and offset parameters need to be
set.
5.5.2.2
Cal Kit Parameter Types
The analyzer uses three types of parameters to describe the calibration standards. The
parameter type is the same for all standards in a kit and therefore appended to the kit
name:
●
Universal
parameters (no suffix) describe calibration kit models with highly stand-
ardized components so that the parameters are valid for all calibration kits of the
model.
●
Typical
parameters (suffix "typical") approximately describe a calibration kit model.
To correct for deviations between the standards, each kit of the model is individu-
ally measured and delivered with an additional, kit-specific parameter set. There-
fore each typical parameter set "<kit_name> typical" is complemented by an addi-
tional parameter set "<kit_name>" containing optimized parameters for an individ-
ual kit.
●
Ideal
parameters (suffix "Ideal Kit") describe an idealized calibration kit for each
connector type; see below.
Calibration
