Red Hat ENTERPRISE LINUX 5 - VIRTUAL SERVER ADMINISTRATION, Руководство по развертыванию

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FHS Organization
5
1.2.1.4. The
/lib/
Directory
The
/lib/
directory should contain only those libraries needed to execute the binaries in
/bin/
and
/sbin/
. These shared library images are particularly important for booting the system and executing
commands within the root file system.
1.2.1.5. The
/media/
Directory
The
/media/
directory contains subdirectories used as mount points for removeable media such as
usb storage media, DVDs, CD-ROMs, and Zip disks.
1.2.1.6. The
/mnt/
Directory
The
/mnt/
directory is reserved for temporarily mounted file systems, such as NFS file system
mounts. For all removeable media, please use the
/media/
directory. Automatically detected
removeable media will be mounted in the
/media
directory.
Note
The
/mnt
directory must not be used by installation programs.
1.2.1.7. The
/opt/
Directory
The
/opt/
directory provides storage for most application software packages.
A package placing files in the
/opt/
directory creates a directory bearing the same name as the
package. This directory, in turn, holds files that otherwise would be scattered throughout the file
system, giving the system administrator an easy way to determine the role of each file within a
particular package.
For example, if
sample
is the name of a particular software package located within the
/opt/
directory, then all of its files are placed in directories inside the
/opt/sample/
directory, such as
/
opt/sample/bin/
for binaries and
/opt/sample/man/
for manual pages.
Packages that encompass many different sub-packages, data files, extra fonts, clipart etc are also
located in the
/opt/
directory, giving that large package a way to organize itself. In this way, our
sample
package may have different tools that each go in their own sub-directories, such as
/opt/
sample/tool1/
and
/opt/sample/tool2/
, each of which can have their own
bin/
,
man/
, and
other similar directories.
1.2.1.8. The
/proc/
Directory
The
/proc/
directory contains special files that either extract information from or send information to
the kernel. Examples include system memory, cpu information, hardware configuration etc.
Due to the great variety of data available within
/proc/
and the many ways this directory can be
used to communicate with the kernel, an entire chapter has been devoted to the subject. For more
information, refer to
Chapter 3, The
proc
File System
.