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3-3.
The Welding Stud
Welding grade studs are made of most commercially used metals, and normally range in diameters from 1/8 in (3.2
mm) to 1-1/4 in (31.8 mm) with lengths as required. In addition to straight threaded or unthreaded studs, it is possible to
obtain a wide variety of shapes and sizes.
3-4. Arc Shields (Ferrules)
The ceramic ferrule performs several important functions and is required to do each weld. Some equipment is avail-
able with a permanent shield attached directly to the stud gun. The ferrule:
D
Concentrates the arc heat to the immediate weld area.
D
Protects the molten weld pool from atmospheric contamination.
D
Confines the molten metal to the weld zone, to form a fillet.
D
Prevents charring and disruption of surrounding base metal surfaces.
D
Reduces the possibility of open arc flash; therefore, the operator and surrounding personnel need only wear suit-
able flash type safety glasses.
Upon completion of the weld, the protective ceramic shield can be easily removed by chipping it away or lifting it off with
a suitable tool.
3-5. Different Types of Weld Studs And Ceramic Ferrules
1
Weld Stud
2
Ceramic Ferrule
804 173-A
1
2
