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Differential

ProMARK X

7-5

Both AVG and

TMP can be viewed with WPT, but they cannot be used in

a route. (To use either waypoint in a route, they must first be copied to
another name; refer to

Renaming Waypoints

.) AVG and

TMP will be

overwritten the next time averaging is done.

Once an average is computed, you can clear the AVG waypoint by pressing
CLEAR.

DIF2, Stationary Differential

Data Collection Guidelines

Your results and differential accuracy will vary depending on the baseline,
satellite geometry, number of satellites, and angles of these satellites.
We recommend the following guidelines to help ensure a successful data
collection session.

For Centimeter Accuracy:

5 sats with elevation > 15

: 25 m 3.0 minutes/km of baseline

6 sats with elevation > 15

: 22 m 2.5 minutes/km of baseline

7 sats with elevation > 15

: 20 m 2.0 minutes/km of baseline

While collecting data:

1500 CM c 180 credits/km of baseline

(May require more time to collect if there are gaps or relatively low
elevation angles, and if the raw data sample rate is set to 2 or 3
seconds.)

NOTE

When collecting for centimeter accuracy, the quality indicators

don't increment for the first 2 minutes of a session.

For Submeter Accuracy:

4 sats with elevation > 15

: 15 m 1.7 minutes/km of baseline

5 sats with elevation > 15

: 12 m 1.5 minutes/km of baseline

6 sats with elevation > 15

: 11 m 1.2 minutes/km of baseline

7 sats with elevation > 15

: 10 m 1.0 minutes/km of baseline

While collecting data:

800 CM c 100 credits/km of baseline

Содержание GPS PROMARK X

Страница 1: ...630237 B USER GUIDE for the MAGELLAN GPS PROMARK X and the MAGELLAN GPS PROMARK X CM Magellan Systems Corporation 471 El Camino Real Santa Clara California 95050 408 615 5100 FAX 408 615 5200...

Страница 2: ...itted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical including photocopying and recording for any purpose other than the purchaser s personal use without the written permission of Magellan Syste...

Страница 3: ...m GPS is operated by the U S Government which is solely responsible for the accuracy and the maintenance of GPS Certain conditions can make the system less accurate Accuracy can also be affected by po...

Страница 4: ......

Страница 5: ...iCad Battery Pack 2 3 Battery Operation 2 3 Battery Warnings 2 3 External Power Operation 2 4 The Keys 2 5 Light 2 6 Entering Data 2 6 ON OFF 2 7 Power On 2 7 Power Off 2 8 Initialization 2 8 Initiali...

Страница 6: ...Variation Display 3 14 Distance Units 3 15 Choosing Automatic or Manual Leg Switching Modes 3 15 Velocity Average 3 16 Battery Saver 3 16 Beeper Control 3 17 Display Control 3 17 Date Order 3 17 Chap...

Страница 7: ...a Route 5 6 Activating a Route 5 8 Viewing and Editing a Route 5 8 Appending a Leg 5 10 Activating a Route 5 10 Reversing a Route 5 10 Navigation 5 11 Chapter 6 Attributes Attribution 6 1 ATTR Key Op...

Страница 8: ...8 13 Signal Quality 8 13 Old Data 8 14 Choosing a Datum 8 14 Using the Unit Near the Poles 8 15 Storing the Unit 8 15 When Nothing Else Works 8 15 Magellan s Customer Support 8 16 Appendix 1 Global P...

Страница 9: ...lication for which the receiver is being used The guide therefore does not describe applications except where they directly affect the operation of the receiver The guide was designed to follow the lo...

Страница 10: ...vi...

Страница 11: ...e reference The ProMARK X displays altitude as either height above the ellipsoid of the selected datum or as orthometric height height above sea level The geoidal height used can be from a unit mainta...

Страница 12: ...1 and 2 which will provide some background information on GPS and differential theory Specifications accessories and other specialized background information are covered in Appendices 1 through 5 Samp...

Страница 13: ...s AUX The exceptions are the arrow keys whose names are always spelled out LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW How the keys are represented vary with the type of information being given If the information is a...

Страница 14: ...Introduction ProMARK X 1 4...

Страница 15: ...ProMARK X has a rechargeable lithium backup battery to retain memory should the primary power source be lost Battery power is provided by six AA alkaline batteries we recommend EvereadyEnergizer batte...

Страница 16: ...ery pack or external power be available when the unit is being operated from the Rechargeable Battery Pack for long periods The ProMARK X is shipped with alkaline batteries already installed The Recha...

Страница 17: ...ttery supplied power the ProMARK X remains on until the batteries become low or until the unit is turned off The unit will acquire satellites and compute position fixes continuously after POS or NAV h...

Страница 18: ...ooks for an external power source If external power is available the unit will bypass the batteries to use external power The batteries will not be recharged while external power is in use The unit wi...

Страница 19: ...s are used to access the unit s functions and to select non default operating parameters The operation keys are the four keys in the corners of the top keypad plus the ENTER and CLEAR keys at the bott...

Страница 20: ...is determined by the type ofinformationbeingentered theunitwillnotdisplaylettersinaspacewhere a number should be entered For example the unit displays numbers only when entering position coordinates...

Страница 21: ...n it per forms a memory check VERIFYING MEMORY Next the unit displays a title page The unit then displays a temporary power status message indicating if the unit is operating from batter ies or an ext...

Страница 22: ...initial position was entered It is also possible to operate without having entered an altitude but this will affect the accuracy of the position fixes especially in 2D operation Regardless of which mo...

Страница 23: ...he Southern California area of the United States Toselectpositioncoordinates press the appropriate keys on the 10 key keypad You may have to select a hemisphere the unit automatically displays N durin...

Страница 24: ...itude of your position plus the height of the antenna installation above you WARNING Entering an incorrect altitude may introduce errors into the position fixes produced by the unit accepting the defa...

Страница 25: ...es the unit will also self initialize when NAV is pressed Although self initializing may be very helpful when you are unsure of your position there are also several drawbacks to allowing the unit to i...

Страница 26: ...der to keep it steady and to free your hands NOTE If your signal appears to be blocked sometimes moving a few feet in any direction will let you receive a signal This is especially true in an area of...

Страница 27: ...al connec tions are required NOTE The external antenna increases the power drain on the unit s batteries reducing their useful life We recommend connect ing to external power when using the external a...

Страница 28: ...much of the almanac is refreshed depends on how long the unit is tracking satellites you may occasionally have to collect a new almanc to be sure that the unit has up to date information for the enti...

Страница 29: ...cally as it tracks satellites This is called almanac refresh and is described in Collecting an Almanac If the unit has not been used in 6 months or so however its almanac is out of date the unit will...

Страница 30: ...xt highest elevation Searching for the highest satellite greatly shortens the length of time required to obtain a position fix Oncethesatellitehasbeenlocated the receiver searches for other sat ellite...

Страница 31: ...play The position is automatically displayed on three screens once it has been calculated Scroll through the screens with the DOWN ARROW The first position screen shows the coordinates mode and altitu...

Страница 32: ...a satellite signal it tries to locate the satellite again and if necessary replaces the satellite with a new one This rarely takes more than 10 seconds but if it does the most recent position fix is...

Страница 33: ...erridden by the Old Data icon T Timer Appears when the dif timer is on See Setup 6 Old Data Appears when the unit has been unable to compute and display a position fix update for the past 10 seconds T...

Страница 34: ...and WPT functions when more than four satellites were used to compute the displayed position fix Down Arrow Appears on most function displays to indicate the presence of additional information screen...

Страница 35: ...date during the initialization process Mask Angle 4 3 5 Allows the user to set the angle above the horizon below which the receiver will not look for satellites Sampling Rate 5 3 6 Allows the user to...

Страница 36: ...3 17 Allows the beeper to be turned on and off Display Control 18 3 17 Allows the adjustment of contrast and light brightness Date Order 19 3 17 Allows the user to select the order in which the unit...

Страница 37: ...ithasbeenmoved300miles 482 7km ormoresinceitslastposition fix you must re initialize You must also re initialize if the unit has suffered a memory loss or the memory has been cleared Initialization ca...

Страница 38: ...CLEAR or by entering a new value Use the RIGHT ARROW to toggle to a negative altitude Press ENTER ThedefaultisMSL meansealevel inmeters ToenteraltitudeinHAEorHAG and feet you must first select the app...

Страница 39: ...which the unit will not search for satellites The ProMARK X has a user adjustable mask angle The default mask angle is 10 The unit will not search for satellites whose elevation is less than 10 and wi...

Страница 40: ...ly the amount of each data type that you require for your application The data sample rate for either type of data can be set to any frequency from 0seconds nosampling toevery999seconds Select1tosaveo...

Страница 41: ...rate Access SETUP 7 Dataport 1 is displayed To set dataport 2 press the RIGHT ARROW Press ENTER to continue Press ENTER To key in a new date and time press CLEAR Enter the date followed by EN TER the...

Страница 42: ...GRS UPS West Malaysian Indonesia South and Indonesia Equatorial plus any user entered grid reference system You may enter and store up to five user entered grids or use the COMM module of the PPSW to...

Страница 43: ...d Irish grid or UPS position displays look like this COORDINATES POS 4 13 954E UTM 11 37 69 743N 3D 103m ALT All position displays for UTM British grid Irish grid and UPS will be in meters This cannot...

Страница 44: ...Polyconic Any 2 Standard Parallel 1 Standard Parallel N Polar S Polar Polar Scale at Input Parallel Oblique Equatorial Point Azimuth Two Point Any Not at Poles North Pole South Pole Either Pole Not a...

Страница 45: ...he grid parameters press CLEAR To select a different coordinate system and return the parameters to default press the RIGHT ARROW NOTE You must exit SETUP to save the user entered grid SETUP 9 Selecti...

Страница 46: ...xisting value or select another user datum NOTE Be sure to key in all leading zeros The unit will prompt you through the entry of values for a f x 104 X Y and Z The unit displays as DELTA Press the RI...

Страница 47: ...that HAG and height above MSL are the same In the ProMARK X they differ only in the value used for GH The ProMARK X contains a global geoidal model when you select MSL the unit calculates the altitud...

Страница 48: ...gle between meters and feet SETUP 12 Magnetic Variation Display Select one magnetic variation for all heading and bearing displays Auto Mag M An automatic adjustment made by the ProMARK X Default True...

Страница 49: ...t per second SETUP 14 Choosing Automatic or Manual Leg Switching Modes Which route mode is selected here determines how the unit switches legs when navigating on a route With both modes the unit const...

Страница 50: ...ng the values displayed on the screen Velocity Averaging can be set to NONE every 20 SECONDS or every 120 SECONDS Access SETUP 15 The default setting is NONE To choose a different setting press the RI...

Страница 51: ...hange the display brightness The possible levels of brightness are 0 through 7 Each time the RIGHT ARROW is pressed the brightness increases to the next value at 7 the value rotates back to 0 The defa...

Страница 52: ...LTITUDE 3D AUTO Automatic 2D ALT 3 TIME AND DATE UT LOCAL AM PM LOCAL 24 Hour 4 MASK ANGLE 10 0 15 2 20 5 5 DATA SAMPLE RATE 1 Every Fix POSITION DATA 0 off Other _____ 2 999 RAW DATA 1 Every Fix 0 no...

Страница 53: ...84 USER 1 USER 2 USER 3 USER 4 USER 5 OTHER ____________________ 10 ALTITUDE REFERENCE ALT ELEV ABOVE MSL HAE HT ABOVE ELLIPSOID HAG HT ABOVE GEOID 11 ALTITUDE UNITS Meters Feet 12 MAGNETIC VARIATION...

Страница 54: ...SETUP ProMARK X 3 20 16 BATTERY SAVER OFF ON 17 BEEPER CONTROL ON OFF 18 DISPLAY CONTROL BRIGHTNESS 7 Other ____ CONTRAST 3 Other ____ 19 DATE ORDER MONTH DAY YEAR DAY MONTH YEAR...

Страница 55: ...ulates the window of availabil ity for the location and date entered Sat Status 3 4 5 Displays the current status of the satellites that are listed as healthy The angle and elevation of satellites abo...

Страница 56: ...taport on and output NMEA data to a PC or external navigation equipment Product Support 0 4 16 Displays phone numbers for Magellan Systems The Auxiliary functions can be accessed in one of two ways On...

Страница 57: ...splayed verti cally just above that The strength of signal being received from each satel lite is indicated by how high the bar above the satellite s number is The higher the bar the stronger the sign...

Страница 58: ...oint name followed SAT SCHEDULE POSITION POS SAT SCHEDULE FOR DATE 12 31 93 by ENTER Press ENTER to accept the displayed position The current date is displayed Do nothing to accept the date or key in...

Страница 59: ...d by the government to identify a specific satellite Access AUX 3 Use the RIGHT AR ROW to select POS or any waypoint or keyinthenameofthedesiredwaypoint Press ENTER Next key in the desired date and pr...

Страница 60: ...ss the RIGHT AR ROW to scroll through the filenames in the unit s memory The file s size is also displayed SELECT FILE 1022P001 PSE SIZE 9146 LFIX 33 45 1234N 117 33 9876W 3D 144m ALT 1499 33 45 1274N...

Страница 61: ...nal Dataport 2 9 Pin Connector to Computer or Logger External Connections for the ProMARK X The port on the side of the ProMARK X provides a connection for both external power and for transferring dat...

Страница 62: ...s the RIGHT ARROW twice to return to the initial AUX 5 display before starting the data transfer This message is displayed briefly during data upload It indicates that the unit is receivingtheselected...

Страница 63: ...ser Guide The display returns to the Dif Timer ON OFF screen The timer is on and set AUX 6 Waypoint Projection The ProMARK X can calculate the coordinates of a remote destination based on a relative d...

Страница 64: ...s ENTER The unit calculates and displays the projected waypoint It also displays the bearing and distance you entered above ENTER BEARING 230 M If you like you can save the projected waypoint This wil...

Страница 65: ...eans that you can navigate an outbound route reverse it and navigate back without having to manually enter a separate inbound route Routes are covered in the next chapter TO ERASE ALL WPTS PRESS CLEAR...

Страница 66: ...of date the receiver may not be able to locate satellites as quickly as possible Generally the Almanac Collect procedure takes about 15 minutes from start to finish The unit will not turn itself off d...

Страница 67: ...ugh satellites for a 2D position fix three satellites the unit will restart the search This should occur only if the antenna does not have a clear view of the sky Once a satellite is located the unit...

Страница 68: ...isplay SELECT FUNCTION 1028C001 CAR RENAME To delete the displayed file press the RIGHT ARROW followed by ENTER The file will be cleared from the unit s memory SELECT FUNCTION 1028C001 CAR DELETE To e...

Страница 69: ...is format the unit must be connected to a compatible external device Access AUX 12 Use the RIGHT AR ROW to select ON Press ENTER NMEA OUTPUT ON PRESS ENTER Use the RIGHT ARROW to select Port 1 or Port...

Страница 70: ...mer Support from 8 to 5 PST Attribute Lock The ProMARK X features a hidden AUX function that may be used to lock the active attribute file When this mode is set users may not add delete or edit attrib...

Страница 71: ...s and routes are needed to navigate WAYPOINT A waypoint is position coordinates that have been saved usually so you can return to the same position The ProMARK X allows you to name and store waypoints...

Страница 72: ...ames Sample logbook pages are included at the back of this manual A position that is stored as a waypoint retains the date time display and the SQ PDOP display Press the DOWN ARROW at any time to view...

Страница 73: ...43W 289m ALT To enter a different altitude press CLEARandkeyinthenewaltitude Use the RIGHT ARROW to toggle between positive and negative val ues Press ENTER MESA 36 06 11N 118 59 43W 0m ALT MESA 36 06...

Страница 74: ...uffer with AUX 5 Waypoint TMP can be saved only by retrieving it from the buffer As soon as the desired averaged position is displayed press ENTER The unit displays and a cursor Key in any three chara...

Страница 75: ...he will automatically appear as the first character Waypoint stxx waypoint AVG and waypoint TMP cannot be renamed They can however be copied Retrieve the waypoint and rename it as described above When...

Страница 76: ...e is created by using waypoints as the start and destination of each leg The route is therefore defined by a series of waypoints with the destination of one leg being the start of the next leg A route...

Страница 77: ...one route can not be used in another route and is not displayed when you scroll through waypoints from ROUTE If you want to reuse any stxx copy it as described in Renaming Waypoints Select a destinati...

Страница 78: ...085 15 33Km To activate this route now first be sure the desired leg is displayed then press NAV Activating a Route In order to navigate on a route one must be activated To activate a route press ROU...

Страница 79: ...the route When you reach the leg you want to edit press ENTER The starting waypoint remains the same and the destination waypoint is erased Use the RIGHT ARROW to scroll through POS and the stored way...

Страница 80: ...waypoints as described in Creating a Route until you have added all the legs you want then press ENTER twice to save the changes you have made Reversing a Route Reverse Route is an auxiliary function...

Страница 81: ...s ARRIVED when the perpendicular that intersects the TO waypoint is crossed If the leg switching mode is set to automatic crossing this line causes the unit to switch legs COMPLETE is displayed when y...

Страница 82: ...steering Steering is the course correction you should make in or der to travel toward the leg s des tination givenyourcurrentground course SOG and bearing NOTE You must be traveling at least 0 3 km hr...

Страница 83: ...eeds greater than 951 mph 826 40 knots 1530 5 km hr cannot be measured If you are on a route you will also see bearing and distance to destination as well as the current route and leg Speed over groun...

Страница 84: ...avigation ProMARK X 5 14 SOG 5 1 KmH COG 136 M In this case speed over ground and course over ground can still be obtained by pressing the RIGHT ARROW Togotoanyotherdisplay presstheappropriatefunction...

Страница 85: ...on maximizing the attribution capability of the ProMARK X ATTR KEY OPERATION TheProMARKXprovidestheutilitytoinputunlimiteduser definedattributes and to utilize up to 99 preassigned attributes which c...

Страница 86: ...unction in order to complete it If the user wishes to edit an attribute file to add attributes or assign number keys totheattributes pressENTERwhenthe desired filename is displayed The first attribute...

Страница 87: ...w attribute up to 72 characters with the alphanumeric keys Press ENTER when entry is completed to return to the Attribute screen with the newly entered attribute displayed Now key in a number assignme...

Страница 88: ...R to create a new file from the Attribute file screen The receiver displays a NEW FILE screen with a unit generated filename Press ENTER to accept the file name and to begin inputting attributes You c...

Страница 89: ...mber of attributes in them although only 99 may be active at any one time In addition only one attribute file may be active at any one time In order to most efficiently utilize the ProMARK X s attribu...

Страница 90: ...al session and make the new attribute file active When you call up the numericalattribute theProMARKXwillaskyoutoenterinanumericalvalue This numerical value will be tied to the closest position as an...

Страница 91: ...tween the two attributes pause and resume To use this feature you simply enter an attribute called pause You can create pause when you need it by manually entering it each time or create the attribute...

Страница 92: ...Attributes ProMARK X 6 8...

Страница 93: ...her 2D or 3D DIF1 Averaging The ProMARK X can average the number of position fixes where the number of fixes you select An average can be computed to simply improve the accuracy of a stationary positi...

Страница 94: ...ted This is donebyplacinganall in vieworparallel trackingreceiverataknowncontrol point DIF4 RTCM The ProMARK X can receive broadcast corrections in the RTCM 104 format through its dataport This allows...

Страница 95: ...AW data To enter a new data sampling rate key in the number desired followed by ENTER Do this first for the POSITION data and then for the RAW data To change POSITION only key in the new number andpre...

Страница 96: ...d the time of the last fix in the set Press the DOWN ARROW again to view the satellites used and their aver age SQs and the average PDOP of the fixes READY PRESS ENTER 005 s 12m AVG 34 06 5738N 117 49...

Страница 97: ...sats with elevation 15 25 minutes 3 0 minutes km of baseline 6 sats with elevation 15 22 minutes 2 5 minutes km of baseline 7 sats with elevation 15 20 minutes 2 0 minutes km of baseline While collec...

Страница 98: ...t 5 satellites with elevation angles at more than 15 Submeter each credit represents a valid standard observation that contains 4 satellites with elevation angles at more than 25 Pseudorange exch cred...

Страница 99: ...th the LOG module use the RIGHT ARROW to toggle to the Data To Port option If you select Data To Port the output dataport and baud rate selected in SETUP 7 are shown DIRECT DATA TO 1203P001 PSE DIRECT...

Страница 100: ...thedatasampling rates displayed or key in a new sampling rate for both Position data and Raw data To enter a new data sampling rate key in the number you want fol lowed by ENTER Do this first for POSi...

Страница 101: ...isplayed To use the active attributes press the RIGHT ARROW to toggle to the at tribute you want or key in the attribute number Use the DOWN ARROW to scrollthroughcharactersintheattribute if the attri...

Страница 102: ...w written to the data file and the receiver returns you to the ATTRIBUTE display TO START LOGGING PRESS ENTER OR CLR TO CONT ATTR The receiver immediately displays the STOP LOGGING screen with a count...

Страница 103: ...o START LOGGING you will experience a delay between 10 seconds and 2 minutes before the counter begins The receiver will acquire lock on all the specified satellites and then download ephemeris data A...

Страница 104: ...e ProMARK X are simple to operate support an unlimited number of field units require minimal attendance and are very economical in the long run when you consider staffing costs communications issues a...

Страница 105: ...neitheracceptthedatasampling rates displayed or key in a new sampling rate for both position data and raw data To enter a new data sampling rate key in the number you want fol lowed by ENTER Do this f...

Страница 106: ...e the RIGHT ARROW to scroll through the charac ters in the attribute should the attribute exceed the display length An asterisk appears next to the attribute number This indicates that the at tribute...

Страница 107: ...d with the fix computed at the time the attribute was entered Upon pressing ENTER to conclude attri bution the receiver displays the START LOGGING screen Note that attributes are assigned at the start...

Страница 108: ...ew attribute and press ENTER This newly entered attribute is now written into the data file but is not entered into the active attribute file Pressing ENTER after keying in an attribute returns you to...

Страница 109: ...ute via keying in an active attribute number or using the RIGHT ARROW to toggle through the active attributes you can enter a new attribute via the CLEAR key or you can press ENTER at the DONE option...

Страница 110: ...ENTER Use the RIGHT ARROW to toggle ON or OFF In order to receive RTCM corrections you must have the receiver connected to a Differential Bea con Receiver DBR or a radio modem device Once you have con...

Страница 111: ...the D is no longer displayed indicating the broadcast corrections are no longer being received and applied to the posi tion fixes FILE STRUCTURE Since you have now learned how to initiate data collect...

Страница 112: ...e arbitrary indicator and a MOB exten sion The mobile file will contain the same information as other DIF initiated files ephemeris data attributes descriptor but attributes may appear anywhere in the...

Страница 113: ...ON SOLUTION First battery warning The six AA batteries or the Rechargeable Battery Pack is getting low Typically the unit can be operated for 20 minutes Battery Saver off or 15 sets of fixes Battery S...

Страница 114: ...f the affected position fix Try this 1 Scroll to the third screen of the position fix Note which satellites were used for the fix 2 Check Sat Status AUX 3 to be sure all satellites are ON 3 Check the...

Страница 115: ...h to allow the receiver to get a stronger signal Not enough satellites are visible to take a position fix If operating in 2D there are fewer than three satellites if operating in 3D there are fewer th...

Страница 116: ...are secure Be sure to turn the unit off before securing loose cables 2 Check the external power source for malfunctions 3 Press any function key except ON OFF or LIGHT to continue Second battery warn...

Страница 117: ...ems that arise when operating the unit CONDITION DESCRIPTION SOLUTION FROZEN DISPLAY The display is frozen and the keypad does not respond Do this Remove the batteries and wait for the unit to turn of...

Страница 118: ...ery power DURING USE with the Battery Saver on Do this Turn unit back on Use SETUP 15 to turn the Battery Saver off External power was interrupted and the unit switched to battery power Do this Turn t...

Страница 119: ...umb is that approximately two thirds of the fixes will be within 12 meters of the true position and about 95 of the fixes will be within 20 meters under good conditions and without SA Since 20 meters...

Страница 120: ...is Check all cables and adapters refer to the illustration on page 4 9 for proper connections The unit is not in continuous operation Do this Turn the unit off connect it to an external power source t...

Страница 121: ...e navigation calculations that may be affected are VMG SOA COG TTG and ETA the velocity calculation that may be affected is SOG Do this Use Velocity Average to replace the instantaneous measurement SA...

Страница 122: ...ve 70 C or below 40 C If the unit is dropped in the water use fresh water to carefully rinse both the outside of the unit and the battery compartment Dry the unit and battery compartment thoroughly Un...

Страница 123: ...300 miles 482 7 km or more from its initial position or the last position fix calculated The unit regards this position fix as an error and tries three more times to obtain a position fix that it can...

Страница 124: ...f direct and indirect signals Indirect signals are usually caused when atmospheric conditions affect the signals emitted by satellites with low elevations They may also be caused by highly reflective...

Страница 125: ...of the satellites used relative to each other The closer the satellites are to each other the less accurate the fix This is referred to as the Position Dilution of Precision PDOP and is displayed on...

Страница 126: ...des the scale type of projection and a map datum There are hundreds of map datums in use throughout the world but only a few are in widespread use today The ProMARK X has 66 map datums plus five user...

Страница 127: ...SETUP file to a PC Set Battery Saver to ON Should the ON OFF key be pressed inadvertently this will prevent the batteries from being run down Place the unit in the carrying storage case or in its orig...

Страница 128: ...can be accessed by pressing AUX 0 If necessary you can also return your unit to Magellan for repair Please call Customer Support for assistance first If possible please notify us before shippingtheun...

Страница 129: ...cial applications ranging from navigation and surveying to explo ration and tracking MONITORING AND CONTROLLING GPS GPS is operated by the U S Air Force from a master contol station in Colorado USA Th...

Страница 130: ...e PPS signal for U S and allied military use The SPS is a spread spectrum signal broadcast at 1575 42 MHz The signal is virtually resistant to multipath and night time interference and is unaffected b...

Страница 131: ...eters Because the system is so accurate the U S Government has activated Selective Availability SA to maintain optimum military effectiveness Selective Availability insertsrandomerrorsintotheephemeris...

Страница 132: ...rded phone message at 703 313 5905 2 Computer bulletin board at 703 313 5910 3 24 hour live information at phone 703 313 5900 Users who are calling from outside of the United States must prefix these...

Страница 133: ...e Errors Sources of correctable errors include satellite clock ephemeris data and ionospheric and tropospheric delay If implemented Selective Availability may also cause a correctable positioning erro...

Страница 134: ...ave bounced off of surrounding objects The ProMARK X antenna and the Magellan exterior antenna have been designed to minimize the effects of this problem The submeter antenna is multipath resistant it...

Страница 135: ...ipment In post processed differential all units collect data for off site processing no corrections are determined in the field Some have had success in separating the control and remote units by over...

Страница 136: ...or an MSK or minimum shift key receiver such as the Magellan DBR to receive the corrections directly from the beacon This requires that the receiver be within range of a beacon usually 300 miles and t...

Страница 137: ...values for user defined datums The values for many local datums can be found in Appendix 2 Table of Constants User Datum Ellipsoid a f x 10 x y z User Datum Ellipsoid a f x 10 x y z User Datum Ellipso...

Страница 138: ...10 User Datum Ellipsoid a f x 10 x y z User Datum Ellipsoid a f x 10 x y z User Datum Ellipsoid a f x 10 x y z User Datum Ellipsoid a f x 10 x y z User Datum Ellipsoid a f x 10 x y z User Datum Ellip...

Страница 139: ...112 145 0 54750714 161 14 205 AFG Krassovsky 108 0 00480795 Somalia 43 163 45 AIN EL ABD 1970 International 251 0 14192702 Bahrain Island 150 251 2 ANNA 1 ASTRO 1965 Australian 23 0 00081204 Cocos Isl...

Страница 140: ...7 769 472 BERMUDA 1957 Clarke 1866 69 4 0 37264639 Bermuda Islands 73 213 296 BOGOTA OBSERVATORY Colombia International 251 0 14192702 307 304 318 BUKIT RIMPAH Bessel 1841 Bangka and 739 845 0 1003748...

Страница 141: ...lands Norway Portugal Spain and Switzerland Cyprus 251 0 14192702 104 101 140 Egypt 251 0 14192702 130 117 151 England Channel Islands Scotland and Shetland Islands 251 0 14192702 86 96 120 England Ir...

Страница 142: ...192702 634 549 201 INDIAN 1 Everest Thailand and Vietnam 860 655 0 28361368 214 836 303 Bangladesh India 860 655 0 28361368 289 734 257 and Nepal IRELAND 1965 Modified Airy Ireland 769 811 0 11960023...

Страница 143: ...ASTRO 1961 Midway Island International 251 0 14192702 912 58 1227 MINNA Clark 1880 Nigeria 112 145 0 54750714 91 93 122 NAHRWAN Clarke 1880 Masirah Island Oman 112 145 0 54750714 247 148 369 United A...

Страница 144: ...OBSERVATORIO 1966 Corro Santa Cruz International 251 0 14192702 425 169 81 and Flores Islands Azores OLD EGYPTIAN 1930 Helmert 1906 Egypt 63 0 00480795 130 110 13 OLD HAWAIIAN Clarke 1866 Mean Value 6...

Страница 145: ...arke 1866 69 4 0 37264639 Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands 11 72 101 QATAR NATIONAL International 251 0 14192702 Qatar 128 283 22 QORNOQ International So Greenland 251 0 14192702 164 138 189 ROME 1940 I...

Страница 146: ...nd East Malaysia 860 655 0 28361368 689 691 46 Sarawak and Sabah TANANARIVE OBSERVATORY 1925 Madagascar International 251 0 14192702 189 242 91 TOKYO Bessel 1841 Mean Value 739 845 0 10037483 128 483...

Страница 147: ...tum defined in the unit is an average for the Indian subconti nent and southeast Asia These constants are provided in the event that the more accurate offsets are required 2 The Luzon datum defined in...

Страница 148: ...etic Datum 1949 GEO49 Ornance Survey of Great Britain 1939 GRB36 Guam GUAM G Segara GUNSG Old Hawaiian mean value HAWAI Herat North HERAT Hjorsey 1955 HJORS Hu Tzu Shan HUTZU Indian India Nepal INDIA...

Страница 149: ...selecting any of these grids the unit automati cally displays the selected da tum A different datum cannot be accessed until another coor dinate system is selected The unit stores the positions it ca...

Страница 150: ...can not be described us ing those coordinate systems lies outside of the grid s area does not have a designation in that system and cannot be converted into it For the same reason a position that can...

Страница 151: ...Function Lat of Origin Lon of Origin Scale Factor Units to Meters Conv False Easting False Northing User Grid Grid Name Mapping Function Lat of Origin Lon of Origin Scale Factor Units to Meters Conv F...

Страница 152: ...ame Mapping Function Lat of Origin Lon of Origin Scale Factor Units to Meters Conv False Easting False Northing User Grid Grid Name Mapping Function Lat of Origin Lon of Origin Scale Factor Units to M...

Страница 153: ...Survey Foot 1200 3937 m International Foot 0 3048m When using the following tables please note the following exceptions 1 Zones based on a Transverse Mercator Projection contain a scale factor while t...

Страница 154: ...0000 500 000 0 99990000 54 00000000 0 Zone 3 5003 TM 146 00000000 500 000 0 99990000 54 00000000 0 Zone 4 5004 TM 150 00000000 500 000 0 99990000 54 00000000 0 Zone 5 5005 TM 154 00000000 500 000 0 99...

Страница 155: ...3 L 37 06666666 120 50000000 2 000 000 38 43333333 36 50000000 500 000 Zone 4 0404 L 36 00000000 119 00000000 2 000 000 37 25000000 35 33333333 500 000 Zone 5 0405 L 34 03333333 118 00000000 2 000 000...

Страница 156: ...02 TM 84 16666666 700 000 0 99990000 30 00000000 0 Hawaii HI Zone 1 5101 TM 155 50000000 500 000 0 99996666 18 83333333 0 Zone 2 5102 TM 156 66666666 500 000 0 99996666 20 33333333 0 Zone 3 5103 TM 15...

Страница 157: ...71666666 98 00000000 400 000 39 78333333 38 33333333 0 South S 1502 L 37 26666666 98 50000000 400 000 38 56666666 36 66666666 400 000 Kentucky KY North N 1601 L 37 96666666 84 25000000 500 000 38 9666...

Страница 158: ...666 0 South S 2113 L 42 10000000 84 36666666 4 000 000 43 66666666 41 50000000 0 Minnesota MN North N 2201 L 47 03333333 93 10000000 800 000 48 63333333 46 50000000 100 000 Central C 2202 L 45 6166666...

Страница 159: ...000 0 99990000 34 75000000 4 000 000 New Hampshire NH 2800 TM 71 66666666 300 000 0 99996666 42 50000000 0 New Jersey NJ NY East 2900 TM 74 50000000 150 000 0 99990000 38 83333333 0 New Mexico NM Eas...

Страница 160: ...0 39 66666666 0 South S 3402 L 38 73333333 82 50000000 600 000 40 03333333 38 00000000 0 Oklahoma OK North N 3501 L 35 56666666 98 00000000 600 000 36 76666666 35 00000000 0 South S 3502 L 33 93333333...

Страница 161: ...tral 33 96666666 31 66666666 2 000 000 Central C 4203 L 30 11666666 100 33333333 700 000 31 88333333 29 66666666 3 000 000 South SC 4204 L 28 38333333 99 00000000 600 000 Central 30 28333333 27 833333...

Страница 162: ...48333333 81 00000000 600 000 38 88333333 37 00000000 0 Wisconsin WI North N 4801 L 45 56666666 90 00000000 600 000 46 76666666 45 16666666 0 Central C 4802 L 44 40000000 90 00000000 600 000 45 5000000...

Страница 163: ...00 152400 3048 0 99990000 54 00000000 0 Zone 4 5004 TM 150 00000000 152400 3048 0 99990000 54 00000000 0 Zone 5 5005 TM 154 00000000 152400 3048 0 99990000 54 00000000 0 Zone 6 5006 TM 158 00000000 15...

Страница 164: ...120 50000000 609601 2192 38 43333333 36 50000000 0 Zone 4 0404 L 36 00000000 119 00000000 609601 2192 37 25000000 35 33333333 0 Zone 5 0405 L 34 03333333 118 00000000 609601 2192 35 46666666 33 500000...

Страница 165: ...666 152400 3048 0 99990000 30 00000000 0 Hawaii HI Zone 1 5101 TM 155 50000000 152400 3048 0 99996666 18 83333333 0 Zone 2 5102 TM 156 66666666 152400 3048 0 99996666 20 33333333 0 Zone 3 5103 TM 158...

Страница 166: ...ansas KS North N 1501 L 38 71666666 98 00000000 609601 2192 39 78333333 38 33333333 0 South S 1502 L 37 26666666 98 50000000 609601 2192 38 56666666 36 66666666 0 Kentucky KY North N 1601 L 37 9666666...

Страница 167: ...Central C 2112 L 44 18333333 84 33333333 609601 2192 45 70000000 43 31666666 0 South S 2113 L 42 10000000 84 33333333 609601 2192 43 66666666 41 50000000 0 Minnesota MN North N 2201 L 47 03333333 93...

Страница 168: ...100 00000000 609601 2192 42 81666666 41 33333333 0 South S 2602 L 40 28333333 99 50000000 609601 2192 41 71666666 39 66666666 0 Nevada NV East E 2701 TM 115 58333333 152400 3048 0 99990000 34 7500000...

Страница 169: ...L 34 33333333 79 00000000 609 601 2192 36 16666666 33 75000000 0 North Dakota ND North N 3301 L 47 43333333 100 50000000 609601 2192 48 73333333 47 00000000 0 South S 3302 L 46 18333333 100 50000000 6...

Страница 170: ...South S 3902 L 32 33333333 81 00000000 609601 2192 33 66666666 31 83333333 0 South Dakota SD North N 4001 L 44 41666666 100 00000000 609601 2192 45 68333333 43 83333333 0 South S 4002 L 42 83333333 10...

Страница 171: ...VA North N 4501 L 38 03333333 78 50000000 3 500 000 39 20000000 37 66666666 2 000 000 South S 4502 L 36 76666666 78 50000000 3 500 000 37 96666666 36 33333333 1 000 000 Washington WA North N 4601 L 4...

Страница 172: ...152400 3048 0 99994118 40 66666666 0 East EC 4902 TM 107 33333333 152400 3048 Central 0 99994118 40 66666666 0 West WC 4903 TM 108 75000000 152400 3048 Central 0 99994118 40 66666666 0 West W 4904 TM...

Страница 173: ...by the unit Uses these pages to log waypoints entered in any grid coordinate system Wpt Name Date Easting Northing Alt Datum Zone Note Wpt Name Date Easting Northing Alt Datum Zone Note Wpt Name Date...

Страница 174: ...Zone Note Wpt Name Date Easting Northing Alt Datum Zone Note Wpt Name Date Easting Northing Alt Datum Zone Note Wpt Name Date Easting Northing Alt Datum Zone Note Wpt Name Date Easting Northing Alt Da...

Страница 175: ...waypoints especially of waypoints that are named by the unit Copy these pages for your waypoint note book Wpt Name Date Lat Lon Alt Datum Note Wpt Name Date Lat Lon Alt Datum Note Wpt Name Date Lat L...

Страница 176: ...Wpt Name Date Lat Lon Alt Datum Note Wpt Name Date Lat Lon Alt Datum Note Wpt Name Date Lat Lon Alt Datum Note Wpt Name Date Lat Lon Alt Datum Note Wpt Name Date Lat Lon Alt Datum Note Wpt Name Date...

Страница 177: ...added to get altitude In general the farther apart the satellites being used are thelowerthePDOPandthegreatertheaccuracyofthefix Afixobtained from satellites that are close together may not be as accu...

Страница 178: ...signal strength SQ is displayed as a bar on several screens such as the Receiver Status screen and as a numeric value in Sat Status When SQ is shown as a bar the taller the bar is the stronger the sig...

Страница 179: ...ng that you have reached the destination of the current leg AUTOMATIC MODE The mode of operation that uses either 2D or 3D depending on the number of available satellites Preference is given to 3D AUT...

Страница 180: ...distance between the present position and the courseline Given as right or left of course when facing the destination Displayed in NAV as XTE DEFAULT The value or setting automatically chosen by the u...

Страница 181: ...s north LONGITUDE The distance east or west of the prime meridian 0 which inter sects Greenwich England The range is 0 180 E moving east of 0 and 0 180 W moving west of 0 The default longitude is west...

Страница 182: ...ppendix 10 and Error Warning Messages PSEUDORANGE DATA Data on the precise location of a satellite in relation to the receiver Used to calculate a position fix then discarded by the unit RECEIVER The...

Страница 183: ...la tion is made by the unit instantly and displayed with VEL SQ See Signal Quality 3D Three dimensional The mode of operation that calculates latitude longitude and altitude requiring the use of four...

Страница 184: ...d longitude only requiring the use of three satellites Altitude in 2D is user entered UNIVERSAL TIME Universal Time formerly referred to as GMT or Greenwich Mean Time Abbreviated as UT UT Universal Ti...

Страница 185: ...4 6 7 4 B Backup battery lithium 1 1 2 1 Batteries 2 1 alkaline 2 1 loading 2 2 see also Battery saver see also Warning battery Battery operation see Continuous operation Battery pack 2 1 2 2 2 3 loa...

Страница 186: ...wer status see Warning battery see Warning power R Radio beacon receiver differential see Differential beacon receiver DBR see Differential beacon receiver Defaults system see SETUP worksheet Delta co...

Страница 187: ...differential DIF 2 7 1 7 5 collection guidelines 7 5 Steering 5 12 Stxx 5 5 5 7 Storage of unit 8 15 T Time setting 2 11 3 4 Time to first fix 2 8 2 17 Time to go TTG 5 12 A 55 Timer 3 6 U Universal t...

Страница 188: ......

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