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Safety Guidelines
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been genetically engineered or
treated with cancer-causing
chemicals so as to be pre-disposed to
develop cancer in the absence of RF
exposure. Other studies exposed the
animals to RF for up to 22 hours per
day. These conditions are not similar
to the conditions under which people
use wireless phones, so we do not
know with certainty what the results
of such studies mean for human
health. Three large epidemiology
studies have been published since
December 2000. Between them, the
studies investigated any possible
association between the use of
wireless phones and primary brain
cancer, glioma, meningioma, or
acoustic neuroma, tumors of the brain
or salivary gland, leukemia, or other
cancers. None of the studies
demonstrated the existence of any
harmful health effects from wireless
phone RF exposures. However, none
of the studies can answer questions
about long-term exposures, since the
average period of phone use in these
studies was around three years. 5. What research is needed to decide
whether RF exposure from wireless
phones poses a health risk?
A combination of laboratory studies
and epidemiological studies of people
actually using wireless phones would
provide some of the data that are
needed. Lifetime animal exposure
studies could be completed in a few
years. However, very large numbers of
animals would be needed to provide
reliable proof of a cancer promoting
effect if one exists. Epidemiological
studies can provide data that is
directly applicable to human
populations, but ten or more years
follow-up may be needed to provide
answers about some health effects,
such as cancer.
This is because the interval between
the time of exposure to a cancer-
causing agent and the time tumors
develop — if they do — may be many,
many years. The interpretation of
epidemiological studies is hampered
by difficulties in measuring actual RF
exposure during day-to-day use of
wireless phones. Many factors affect