manualshive.com logo in svg

Keysight N9913A, Руководство пользователя

Keysight N9913A - портативный анализатор спектра с возможностью скачать бесплатно пользовательский мануал на {сайт}. Этот мануал поможет вам быстро и легко разобраться с функционалом прибора. Безопасное и бесплатное скачивание на {сайт}.

Поделиться
Скачать
background image

 230                                                                                                                     Keysight N9927-90001 User’s Guide

RTSA (Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer) Mode—Option 350 (CPU2 Only)
Record/Playback (RTSA Option)

—

Playback State/Tag

 Allows you to continue playback from a state 

tag, or scroll through the state tags. Enter a value between 1 and the 
total number of state tags using the numeric keypad, 

 arrows, or 

the rotary knob. Active when playback is paused. Learn more in 

About State and User Tags

 in 

“About State and User Tags” on 

page 227

.

—

Playback Trace

 Activated automatically when Paused. Allows you to 

continue playback from a specific trace, or scroll through traces 

manually. Enter a value between 1 and the total number of traces 
using the numeric keypad, 

 arrows, or the rotary knob. 

—

Stop

 Immediately stops playback. Then choose from the following:

—

Play

 Start playback from trace 1.

—

Record

 Resume recording from the last recorded trace.

—

Record Playback Setup

 Return to the setup menu to change 

Configuration settings or Close the session.

Recording Configuration

To change Recording Configuration settings:

— Press 

Trace 6

— Then 

Record Playback

— Then 

New Session

 or 

Recall

 an existing session.

— Then 

Recording Configuration

Then choose from the following:

—

Record Time

 Sets the amount of time to record traces. Default is MAX, 

which is to record indefinitely. Enter a value between 1s and 1 Ms (million) 
seconds using the numeric keypad, 

 arrows, or the rotary knob. When 

set, a timer appears during recording in the lower-left corner which counts 

DOWN from the specified time.

—

Record Source

 Determines which trace is recorded. Sets where, in the 

FieldFox data flow, data is recorded. Learn more in 

“Record Source” on 

page 231

. Choose from the following:

—

First Active Trace

 (Default) This setting automatically selects the first 

active trace (1,2, 3 or 4) (i.e., any state other than View or Blank).

—

Trace 1,2,3,4

 Records data from the corresponding trace in its 

current state. 

Содержание N9913A

Страница 1: ...nalyzers This manual provides documentation for the following models N9913A N99914 N9915A N9916A N9917A N9918A N9925A N9926A N9927A N9928A N9935A N9936A N9937A N9938A N9950A N9951A N9952A N9960A N9961A N9962A User s Guide ...

Страница 2: ...re to U S government customers under its standard commercial license which is embodied in its End User License Agreement EULA a copy of which can be found at http www keysight com find sweu la The license set forth in the EULA represents the exclusive authority by which the U S government may use modify distribute or disclose the Software The EULA and the license set forth therein does not require...

Страница 3: ...To receive the latest updates by email subscribe to Keysight Email Updates at the following URL http www keysight com find MyKeysight Information on preventing instrument damage can be found at www keysight com find PreventingInstrumentRepair Is your product software up to date Periodically Keysight releases software updates to fix known defects and incorporate product enhancements To search for s...

Страница 4: ...ble NA CAT OSL 4001 points calibrations Normalization cal behavior Internet time update behavior A 10 30 Firmware Release CPU2 Updates Also applies to N991xA 2xA 3xA units with serial number prefixes 56071 For customers upgrading FieldFox firmware the following is a list of changes from the previous release Added Noise Figure Mode Chapter 23 Noise Figure Mode Option 356 CPU2 Only on page 395 1 Cou...

Страница 5: ...w keysight com find assist If you do not have access to the Internet please contact your Keysight field engineer In any correspondence or telephone conversation refer to the Keysight product by its model number and full serial number With this information the Keysight representative can determine whether your product is still within its warranty period ...

Страница 6: ...6 ...

Страница 7: ... ON OFF Settings 27 Power Button LED Status 28 FieldFox High Temperature Protection 28 How to monitor the internal FieldFox temperature 28 Temperature Control Mode 29 High Temp Shutdown Warning RTSA Mode Only 31 Avoid Overpowering the FieldFox 32 Take the FieldFox Tour 33 Front Panel 33 Top Panel 36 Right Side Panel 36 Left Side Panel 38 Screen Tour 39 How to Enter Numeric Values 41 Multiplier Abb...

Страница 8: ...asurements 58 DTF Measurement Settings 60 DTF Settings Table 60 DTF Measurement Format 60 DTF Start and Stop Distance 61 Frequency Mode 61 Coupled Frequency 62 Cable Correction Specifications 63 Window Settings 66 DTF Units 67 Calculated DTF values 67 About Alias Faults 67 5 TDR Time Domain Reflectometry Option 215 TDR Measurement Settings 72 TDR Measurement Format 72 TDR Settings Table 72 TDR Sta...

Страница 9: ...ingle or Continuous Measure 98 Resolution Number of Data Points 98 Sweep Time 99 Triggering 99 Output Power 100 System Impedance Z0 101 Port Extensions 101 Velocity Factor 102 Big Marker Display States A and B 103 Increase Dynamic Range 105 7 Time Domain Option 010 Overview 109 Time Domain Transform Settings 110 Transform Settings Table 110 Start Stop Frequency Range and Points 110 Stimulus Mode 1...

Страница 10: ... 130 View Cal 132 Calibration Type 132 Isolation Step 135 Waveguide Calibrations 135 Enhanced Response Optimization 137 Interpolation 138 Cal ON Questionable Accuracy 138 Compatible Mode Calibrations 138 Save the Calibration 138 CalReady Properties 139 Verifying Calibration and Jumper Cable Integrity 140 Verify a Calibration 140 Test the Jumper Cable 140 Calibration Method Summary 141 9 SA Spectru...

Страница 11: ...pan Measurements 167 Triggering 169 FFT Gating Opt 238 172 Single Continuous Restart 174 Points 174 Trace Display States SA Mode 175 Average Type 176 Average Count 176 Alignments 177 Detection Method 184 Display Line 186 Noise Marker 187 Band Interval Power Marker 187 Frequency Counter at Marker 188 Time Zero Fixed Marker 189 Audio Beep at Marker Power 189 Meas UNCAL Error 190 Old Data Indicator 1...

Страница 12: ...isplay RTSA Option 223 Common Settings for Spectrogram 224 Record Playback RTSA Option 225 About Sessions 225 FieldFox Setting Changes during Record and Playback 226 About State and User Tags 227 How to Record a Session 228 How to Playback a Session 229 Recording Configuration 230 Record Source 231 Playback Configuration 232 Manage Sessions 232 Record Playback Example RTSA Mode Only 233 11 IQ Anal...

Страница 13: ... 236 Spectrogram and Waterfall Displays 270 Spectrogram Display SA Option 270 Common Settings for Waterfall and Spectrogram 272 Waterfall Display 273 Record Playback SA Option 275 About Sessions 275 FieldFox Setting Changes during Record and Playback 276 About State and User Tags 277 How to Record a Session 278 How to Playback a Session 279 Recording Configuration 279 Frequency Mask Trigger Config...

Страница 14: ... 305 Single or Continuous Measure 305 Step Detection Mode 306 Limits 306 17 Frequency Offset Using Power Sensor FOPS Option 208 Overview 309 FOPS Settings 311 How to select Power Meter USB Sensor 311 Measurement Selection 311 Sweep Type and Frequency 312 Power Sensor Settling 314 Sweep Settings 314 Amplitude Markers 315 Trace Math 315 18 Pulse Measurements Mode Option 330 Supported Power Sensors 3...

Страница 15: ...requency Selection 336 Display Resolution 336 IF Bandwidth 337 Output Power 337 Averaging 338 Single or Continuous Measure 339 VVM Calibration 339 Zeroing 339 1 Port Cable Trimming Measurements 341 How to make a 1 Port Cable Trimming Measurement 341 2 Port Transmission Measurements 343 How to make a 2 Port Transmission Measurement 343 A B and B A Measurements 345 20 ERTA Extended Range Transmissio...

Страница 16: ...se Channel Scanner 374 Field Strength Measurements 386 Using the Antenna Cable Editor 391 23 Noise Figure Mode Option 356 CPU2 Only Using Noise Figure 398 How to Define a Noise Figure Measurement 402 Example Typical Noise Figure Measurement Procedure 402 Overview of Softkey Menus 403 How to Use DUT Measurement Setups 410 Single Continuous Restart 422 Points 422 Resolution Bandwidth Res BW 423 Alig...

Страница 17: ... Analyzer IQA Marker Functions 460 SA Marker Functions 460 All about Limit Lines 461 How to Create Fixed Limit Lines 461 Relative Limit Lines 462 Build From Trace 462 Limit Options 463 How to Save and Recall Limits 464 Display Line I Q NF and SA Modes Only 465 All about Trace Math 466 How to display data and memory traces 466 How to perform Trace Math 466 About Math Operations 467 All about Scale ...

Страница 18: ... 481 Audio 482 Date and Time 483 GPS 483 How to select CAT distance units 483 File folders 484 How to set File Folders 484 Alpha Numeric Editing 485 File Saving Naming Options 485 CAT Distance Units 485 CAT NA 486 SA 487 System Configuration 487 Options Licensing 487 GPS 488 Frequency Reference Source 492 Variable Voltage Source Opt 309 494 Security Level 495 Date and Time Format and Time Zone Set...

Страница 19: ...n or a saved file 520 28 Working with the Lithium Ion Battery Viewing the Battery Charge Status 521 Service Diagnostics Battery Screen 522 Built In Battery Gauge 522 Charging the Battery 523 Internal Charging with the AC DC Adapter 523 Using the External Battery Charger N9910X 872 525 Reconditioning Battery 526 Battery Care 526 Maximizing Battery Life 526 Lithium Ion Battery Disposal 527 29 Safety...

Страница 20: ...42 Declaration of Conformity 542 EMC 543 Safety 543 South Korean Class B EMC Declaration 543 Acoustic Statement European Machinery Directive 543 A Connector Care Review 547 B Specifications Data Sheet 550 C Instrument Calibration How Often Should Calibrate My Instrument 551 How do I Get an Instrument Calibration 551 What Are My Choices of Instrument Calibration 552 D Korean Battery Safety Translat...

Страница 21: ...yzer N9918A 26 5 Vector Network Analyzer AND Spectrum Analyzer N9925A 9 Vector Network Analyzer N9926A 14 Vector Network Analyzer N9927A 18 Vector Network Analyzer N9928A 26 5 Vector Network Analyzer N9935A 9 Spectrum Analyzer N9936A 14 Spectrum Analyzer N9937A 18 Spectrum Analyzer N9938A 26 5 Spectrum Analyzer N9950A 32 Vector Network Analyzer AND Spectrum Analyzer N9951A 44 Vector Network Analyz...

Страница 22: ...hat are available for the FieldFox please visit http www keysight com find fieldfox Table 1 2 Accessories Accessory Part Number Description N9910X 873 AC DC Adapter except for US Canada a a Depending on your region the FieldFox comes with either a N9910X 873 AC DC adapter or a N9910X 877 AC DC adapter N9910X 870 Lithium Ion Battery N9910X 877 AC DC Adapter for US Canada onlya N9910X 880 Soft case ...

Страница 23: ... latest FieldFox firmware Conventions that are used in the Manual Hardkey indicates a front panel button The functionality of these buttons does not change The six Softkey menus change dynamically and follow these color conventions Softkey Blue indicates an available setting Softkey Green indicates a change in menu level when selected Softkey Black indicates the default or selected setting Softkey...

Страница 24: ...Software and Supplemental Help Denotes a hazard It calls attention to a procedure which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in injury or loss of life Do not proceed beyond a warning note until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met ...

Страница 25: ... options are included in the shipment according to the Box Contents List 3 For any question or problems refer to Contacting Keysight on page 5 Meeting Power Requirements for the AC DC Adapter The AC DC adapter supplied with the analyzer is equipped with a three wire power cord in accordance with international safety standards The power cable appropriate to the original product shipping location is...

Страница 26: ...y charge the battery Learn more about the lithium ion battery in Chapter 28 Working with the Lithium Ion Battery Battery charge status is viewable In the upper right corner of the screen On the Battery screen To access the screen select System Service Diagnostics and Battery Step Notes 1 Open the battery door Push the button on the battery compartment door while sliding the door outward 2 Insert t...

Страница 27: ...th the FieldFox either ON or OFF The battery can be fully charged externally using the external battery charger in about 4 hours When the battery is removed the FieldFox can still be powered by the AC DC adapter FieldFox ON OFF Settings To turn power ON briefly press the power button Boot up takes about 1 minute To switch to Standby mode low battery drain briefly press the power button See the Not...

Страница 28: ...he Mode hardkey Press Mode Then More Then Shut down You can make a setting to automatically Power ON the FieldFox when a power source is connected Learn how on Power ON on page 498 Power Button LED Status FieldFox High Temperature Protection The following features prevent degradation or damage in the event of high internal temperatures in the FieldFox How to monitor the internal FieldFox temperatu...

Страница 29: ...shold of above 64 C All applications except RTSA Power for internal circuitry is turned off between sweeps and delaying occurs for the next sweep In RTSA mode power is only turned off if the FieldFox is in Single Sweep or Hold All applications including RTSA Display dims to 40 at 64 C For all modes except RTSA mode you will see the following messages displayed for 3 seconds Automatic Meas Duty Cyc...

Страница 30: ...e above 64 C Displays for 3 sec Exiting Maximum Auto Protect Threshold Temperature Mode When the temperature drops to approximately 73 5 C a message is displayed indicating that the FieldFox is leaving Temperature Control Mode and normal operating settings are restored refer to Figure 2 2 See also Table 2 1 on page 32 When you exit the Auto Protect Maximum Threshold control mode the following mess...

Страница 31: ...o shut down the FieldFox will display a warning of imminent shut down and the instrument turns off At above approximately 77 C a Maximum Auto Protect message Top WARNING message displays for 9 sec Red text at left bottom corner of display remains on until internal temperature returns to 75 5 C At above 78 C High Temperature Shut down will engage and turn OFF the FieldFox Refer to Figure 2 3 See al...

Страница 32: ...ld hardkey to pause the sweep All applications including RTSA Display dims to 40 at 64 C Maximum Protect Initial 75 C When temperature reaches the maximum protection threshold 75 C some applications take additional measures 1 degree below shutdown RTSA Mode Only 77 C RTSA Shutdown Warning 77 C Top WARNING message displays for 9 sec Red text at bottom of display remains on until internal temperatur...

Страница 33: ...Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide 33 Preparing for Initial Use of Your New FieldFox Take the FieldFox Tour Take the FieldFox Tour Front Panel ...

Страница 34: ...FF charging Power Button LED Status on page 28 3 System Displays a sub menu for system setup System Settings on page 471 4 Function keys Includes Freq Dist Scale Amptd BW Sweep Trace Meas Setup Measure and Mode Refer to specific Mode 5 Preset Returns the analyzer to a known state How to Presetthe FieldFox on page 473 6 Enter Confirms a parameter selection or configuration 7 Marker Activates marker...

Страница 35: ...l changes to values 17 Softkeys Allows selection of settings for configuring and performing measurements and for other FieldFox functions 18 Screen Transflective screen viewable under all lighting conditions If you are using your FieldFox in direct sunlight you do not need to shield the display from the sunlight In bright lighting conditions the display is brighter and easier to read when you allo...

Страница 36: ...sion measurements Maximum 50 VDC 27 dBm RF SA Mode Settings on page 146 GPS Ant SMA f connector for use with built in GPS Produces a 3 3 VDC bias voltage for the antenna pre amplifier Use with a GPS antenna such as N9910X 825 Other GPS antennas can also be used GPS on page 483 Ref In Trig In SMA f connector for use with Frequency Reference Source and External Trigger Input signal Maximum 5 5 VDC F...

Страница 37: ... 3xA units with serial number prefixes 5607 models the mini USB port can be connected to your PC s standard USB port to send SCPI commands IMPORTANT It is recommended that only USB certified cables are used with the FieldFox Chapter 26 Using the Mini USB Port to send SCPI Commands and Queries N995xA 6xA and applies to N991xA 2xA 3xA units with serial number prefixes 5607 on page 503 Two standard U...

Страница 38: ...or Description Learn More Audio output jack for use with SA Mode Tune and Listen Tune Listen AM FM on page 159 DC Voltage Source for use with external DC Bias Variable Voltage Source Opt 309 on page 494 DC power connector used to connect to the AC DC adapter Maximum 19 VDC 4 ADC Internal Charging with the AC DC Adapter on page 523 ...

Страница 39: ... Mode dependent 5 Scale division Mode dependent 6 Calibration Status CAT and NA Detection Method SA Cal ON Questionable Accuracy on page 138 7 Velocity Factor Fault Meas About Velocity Factor and Cable Loss on page 63 8 Averaging Status and Count Mode dependent 9 Data Mem Display CAT and NA Step FFT SA All about Trace Math on page 466 Resolution Bandwidth Res BW on page 163 10 Resolution Setting M...

Страница 40: ...ower on page 51 14 Measurement Stop Freq or Distance Mode dependent 15 Actual Sweep Time Mode dependent 16 Limit Line Status All about Limit Lines on page 461 17 Time and Date Date and Time on page 483 18 Marker Readout All about Markers on page 446 19 Battery Status Viewing the Battery Charge Status on page 521 20 Measurement Type CAT and NA 21 acquisition Mode dependent 22 Reference Position Mod...

Страница 41: ... a set of values Back erases previously entered values Esc exits data entry without accepting the new value To complete the setting press Enter or a different softkey or hardkey Multiplier Abbreviations Many times after entering numeric values a set of multiplier or suffix softkeys are presented The following explains the meaning of these abbreviations Select Frequency multipliers as follows GHz G...

Страница 42: ...ls and microscopic particles of dirt are difficult to remove from these surfaces Do not set connectors contact end down on a hard surface The plating and mating plane surfaces can be damaged if the interface comes in contact with any hard surface Wear a grounded wrist strap and work on a grounded conductive table mat This helps protect the analyzer and devices from electrostatic discharge ESD Refe...

Страница 43: ...sight com fieldfox help SupHelp F ieldFox htm CAT Mode Distance to Fault measurements are discussed in Chapter 4 DTF Distance to Fault Measurements IMPORTANT For CAT and NA modes limit lines do not apply where F1 F2 Measurement Selection on page 45 Quick Settings Table on page 46 Frequency Range on page 47 Scale Settings on page 47 Averaging on page 48 Smoothing on page 49 Single or Continuous Mea...

Страница 44: ...ments on page 53 2 Port Insertion Loss Measurements on page 55 Chapter 8 Calibration for NA CAT and VVM Modes on page 119 All about Markers on page 446 All about Limit Lines on page 461 All about Trace Math on page 466 Making 75Ω ohm Measurements at the FieldFox Supplemental Online Help http na support keysight com fieldfox help SupHelp FieldFox htm ...

Страница 45: ...s refer to Chapter 4 DTF Distance to Fault Measurements Return Loss DTF Displays both a Return Loss measurement and a DTF measurement Use this format to display the frequency settings that are used to make the DTF measurement The frequency range settings for these two measurements can be coupled or uncoupled Learn more on page 52 Calibrations are applied to both traces When in Hold mode and Single...

Страница 46: ... axis of the display is impedance ohms TDR DTF TDR and DTF are displayed Quick Settings Table Both CAT and NA Modes allow you to view and change most relevant settings from a single location All of these settings are discussed in this chapter and unless otherwise noted ALL of these settings can also be made using the standard softkey menus How to view and change Quick Settings Press Meas Setup 4 T...

Страница 47: ...cies half on either side of center Follow each setting by entering a value using the numeric keypad arrows or the rotary knob After using the keypad select a multiplier key Learn about multiplier abbreviations in Chapter 1 Overview After using the arrows or the rotary knob press Enter The amount of frequency increment is based on the current span and can NOT be changed in CAT Mode Scale Settings A...

Страница 48: ...ame data point over several consecutive sweeps Average Count determines the number of sweeps to average the higher the average count the greater the amount of noise reduction An average counter is shown in the left edge of the screen as Avg N This shows the number of previous sweeps that have been averaged together to form the current trace When the counter reaches the specified count then a runni...

Страница 49: ...t Smoothing Press BW 2 Then Smoothing ON OFF Then Sm Aperture and enter a value between 0 and 25 percent using the numeric keypad Press Enter Single or Continuous Measure This setting determines whether the FieldFox sweeps continuously or only once each time the Single button is pressed Use Single to conserve battery power or to allow you to save or analyze a specific measurement trace This settin...

Страница 50: ...rogramming Guide at http na support keysight com fieldfox help Sweep Time The fastest possible sweep time is always used as the default setting Use the Min Swp Time setting to slow the sweep time when measuring long lengths of cable Learn more in the FieldFox Supplemental Help at http na support keysight com fieldfox help SupHelp FieldFox htm The actual sweep time is shown on the FieldFox screen S...

Страница 51: ...s the displayed FieldFox frequency span Please see Specifications Data Sheet on page 549 for expected power levels Low Sets output power to approximately 45 dBm FLAT across the displayed FieldFox frequency span Man Set output power to an arbitrary value FLAT across the displayed FieldFox frequency span If flattened power can NOT be achieved a warning message and beep occurs To achieve a flattened ...

Страница 52: ...vel of Interference rejection Maximum The highest level of Interference rejection Coupled Frequency This setting especially useful for a Return Loss DTF measurement allows both measurements to have different frequency ranges How to set Coupled Frequency With a Return Loss DTF measurement present Press Meas Setup 4 Select the DTF measurement Tr2 using the arrows Then choose from the following Coupl...

Страница 53: ...ns the FieldFox to known settings Select Mode then CAT TDR Cable and Antenna Test Then Return Loss Default measurement Press Freq Dist and enter Start and Stop frequency values of the measurement Press Meas Setup 4 then Settings to make appropriate settings before calibrating Disconnect the jumper cable or DUT and press Cal 5 then follow the calibration prompts Reconnect the jumper cable or DUT Th...

Страница 54: ...he prompts to perform calibration at the end of the jumper cable or adapter Learn more about Calibration in How to Perform a Calibration on page 121 9 Connect the cable to be tested 10 Connect a LOAD at the end of the cable to be tested This limits the reflections to faults that are located in the cable under test 11 Press Trace 6 then Math and Memory then Data Mem to store the trace into Memory 1...

Страница 55: ...nge The FieldFox signal source is transmitted out the RF OUT connector through the DUT and into the RF IN connector Both ends of the DUT must be connected to the FieldFox either directly or indirectly using the cable used in the normalization cal Insertion loss simply means loss through a device usually expressed in dB It is exactly the same measurement as S21 Transmission in NA Mode 2 port Insert...

Страница 56: ...56 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide CAT Cable and Antenna Test Mode 2 Port Insertion Loss Measurements ...

Страница 57: ...ransmission line In this chapter the cable to be tested is referred to as the DUT Device Under Test Settings that are NOT unique to DTF measurements are documented in the CAT Mode Chapter 3 CAT Cable and Antenna Test Mode In this Chapter How to make DTF Measurements on page 58 DTF Settings Table on page 60 DTF Measurement Format on page 60 DTF Start and Stop Distance on page 61 Frequency Mode on p...

Страница 58: ...hen Preset to return the FieldFox to the default settings 3 Then Mode then CAT 4 Then Meas 1 then DTF 5 Press Freq Dist then Stop Distance and enter the length of the DUT You can optionally set the Start Distance 6 Press Cal 5 and follow the Cal prompts Learn all about Calibration in How to Perform a Calibration on page 121 7 Disconnect any components or antenna that should NOT be measured and con...

Страница 59: ...les then Recall Cable or directly enter the Velocity Factor Cable Loss of the DUT using the Velocity Factor and Cable Loss keys 10 Connect the start end of the DUT to the FieldFox 11 Press Meas Setup 4 then Settings then Next Page If the Alias free Range setting is False then you may see Alias faults on the screen Learn more on page 67 ...

Страница 60: ... change the value When finished changing a value press Done Edit Press Dock Window to relocate the Settings table to a position relative to the trace window The setting persists through a Preset Choose from the following Full Default setting Only the Settings table is shown on the screen The trace window is temporarily not shown Left The Settings table is shown to the left of the trace window Bott...

Страница 61: ...arrows or the rotary knob then Enter By default the Start Distance is set to 0 Meters This means that the measurement will display faults starting at the point at which calibration standards are connected Stop Distance Enter a value between the start distance and 5 km or 16 404 ft using the numeric keypad the arrows or the rotary knob then Enter Frequency Mode All DTF measurements are made with fr...

Страница 62: ...se for the DTF measurement Then Max Stop Freq and type the stop frequency to use for the DTF measurement OR Press More Then Max Freq Span and type the frequency range to use for the DTF measurement Then Center Frequency and type the center frequency of the range to use for the DTF measurement When the DTF frequencies are set manually they may not be the optimum frequencies for measuring the distan...

Страница 63: ... 100 m 1dB m Because the FieldFox performs this measurement with 1 port the test signal travels down the cable and then back for a total loss of 20 dB After a calibration has been performed for the purpose of illustrating this point connect an OPEN to the end of the cable a maximum sized fault for 100 reflection of the 300 MHz test signal Without compensation for the loss of the cable a 20 dB resp...

Страница 64: ... these files or create new cable files using the following procedure or using the FieldFox Data Link Software The Cable correction data survives a Mode Preset and Preset With a DTF measurement present Press Meas Setup 4 Then DTF Cable Specifications Then Edit Save Recall Cables Press New Cable then Yes to clear all data from the existing DTF Cable table and reset header information to default sett...

Страница 65: ...setting Choose from Internal default setting USB must be connected or SD card About Cable files Cable files are saved to and recalled from the Cables folder If the folder does not already exist on a USB or SD card it is created automatically before storing the file Cable files are stored as xml files Existing cable files that are preloaded into the FieldFox firmware can be overwritten Your edited ...

Страница 66: ...ility to choose between optimizing DTF measurements for resolving closely spaced faults or for the ability to measure low level faults How to select Window settings Press Meas Setup 4 Then Settings Then press arrows to move to the Window row Then press Edit Then press Window and choose from the following Maximum Maximum Optimized for dynamic range the noise floor is lowered to provide the ability ...

Страница 67: ...ault measurement For example with range resolution of 500 mm if the distance to fault is 10 meters this value could be inaccurate by 500 mm or between 9 5 to 10 5 meters This value is calculated from frequency span resolution points Response Resolution not displayed indicates the distance that could be between two faults and still show as separate faults Learn more in Window Settings on page 66 Ma...

Страница 68: ... distance That is if a true fault is present at 10 3 meters changing the stop distance from 15 m to 20 m will not move the fault the fault will remain at 10 3 meters However an alias response will appear to move An un terminated cable with NO perfect load at the end will show faults that appear to be beyond the end of the cable These are NOT alias faults These faults appear as the signal reflects ...

Страница 69: ... type of problem in a length of cable or transmission line Settings that are NOT unique to TDR measurements are documented in Chapter 3 CAT Cable and Antenna Test Mode on page 43 In this chapter the cable to be tested is referred to as the DUT Device Under Test In this Chapter TDR Measurement Format on page 72 TDR Settings Table on page 72 TDR Start and Stop Distance on page 73 TDR Sweep on page 7...

Страница 70: ...ettings 3 Then Mode then CAT TDR 4 Then Meas 1 then More then DTF Lin or TDR Lin rho or ohm 5 Press Freq Dist then Stop Distance and enter the length of the DUT You can optionally set the Start Distance 6 Press Cal 5 and follow the Cal prompts Learn all about Calibration in How to Perform a Calibration on page 121 7 Disconnect any components or antenna that should NOT be measured and connect a LOA...

Страница 71: ... or directly enter the Velocity Factor Cable Loss of the DUT using the Velocity Factor and Cable Loss keys 10 Connect the start end of the DUT to the FieldFox 11 Press Meas Setup 4 then Settings then Next Page If the Alias free Range setting is Off then you may see Alias faults on the screen Learn more in About Alias Faults on page 80 ...

Страница 72: ...TF Lin The Y axis of the display is linear real unitless values X Axis displays distance to fault in meters TDR DTF TDR and DTF are displayed TDR Settings Table You can set and view all of the TDR settings including some calculated values on the TDR Settings table Learn more in Calculated TDR values on page 79 How to make settings on the TDR settings table Press Meas Setup 4 Then Settings Press Ne...

Страница 73: ...ent The minimum value of this setting is 100 MHz TDR Start and Stop Distance In TDR measurements you set the physical length of the DUT The FieldFox calculates the frequency range of the measurement from this distance The longer the DUT the lower the frequencies that are used You can NOT set the frequencies manually in TDR However you CAN limit the maximum frequency using the TDR Sweep setting Lea...

Страница 74: ...e with frequency settings and using Inverse Fourier Transform IFT the time and distance to faults are calculated How to set Frequency Mode With a TDR measurement present Press Meas Setup 4 Then Freq Mode Choose one of the following Lowpass The frequency range of a TDR measurement is set automatically based on the Start and Stop Distances Use Lowpass mode when the DUT is a cable ONLY Bandpass This ...

Страница 75: ...r 100 m 1dB m Because the FieldFox performs this measurement with 1 port the test signal travels down the cable and then back for a total loss of 20 dB After a calibration has been performed for the purpose of illustrating this point connect an OPEN to the end of the cable a maximum sized fault for 100 reflection of the 300 MHz test signal Without compensation for the loss of the cable a 20 dB res...

Страница 76: ...he following procedure or using the FieldFox Data Link Software The Cable correction data survives a Mode Preset and Preset With a TDR measurement present Press Meas Setup 4 Then DTF Cable Specifications Then Edit Save Recall Cables Press New Cable then Yes to clear all data from the existing DTF Cable table and reset header information to default settings Then Edit Cable to open the Cable Editor ...

Страница 77: ...folder If the folder does not already exist on a USB or SD card it is created automatically before storing the file Cable files are stored as xml files Existing cable files that are preloaded into the FieldFox firmware can be overwritten Your edited file will NOT be overwritten when firmware is updated To DELETE a Cable file use the Manage Files feature Learn more in Manage Files on page 514 How t...

Страница 78: ...izing TDR measurements for resolving closely spaced faults or for the ability to measure low level faults How to select Window settings Press Meas Setup 4 Then Settings Then press arrows to move to the Window row Then press Edit Then press Window and choose from the following Maximum Maximum Optimized for dynamic range the noise floor is lowered to provide the ability to measure low level response...

Страница 79: ...ault X axis units for TDR measurement settings are displayed in Meters How to change TDR units With a TDR measurement present press Freq Dist Then More then Distance Unit m feet The current selection is underlined m meters Feet The TDR Units setting is also available on the TDR Settings table Calculated TDR values Press Next Page on the TDR Settings Table to view the following calculated Values no...

Страница 80: ...ty factor c speed of light Points resolution Bandwidth frequency range Alias free Range On Off On No Alias images Off Alias images may appear in the response About Alias Faults An alias fault is not a true device response An alias fault appears because of the method used to convert frequency to time On the TDR Settings page above the c Alias free Range Off setting indicates alias images MAY appear...

Страница 81: ...s The largest fault is the open end of the cable To avoid confusion set the Stop distance shortly after that fault How to Prevent Undersampling Undersampling is when the TDR measurement is inaccurate because the frequency step size resolution is too large The predominant symptom of this is when the measured impedance is incorrect For example when measuring a 75Ω cable a marker that is on a part of...

Страница 82: ...82 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide TDR Time Domain Reflectometry Option 215 TDR Measurement Settings ...

Страница 83: ...on on page 87 Receiver Measurements on page 88 Multi Trace Configurations on page 89 Quick Settings on page 90 Calibration Settings on page 91 Format on page 92 Frequency Range on page 93 Scale Settings on page 93 Magnitude Offset on page 94 Electrical Delay on page 95 Phase Offset on page 95 Averaging on page 96 IF Bandwidth on page 97 Smoothing on page 97 Single or Continuous Measure on page 98 ...

Страница 84: ...on page 102 Increase Dynamic Range on page 105 Why and When to Calibrate on page 120 All about Markers on page 446 All about Limit Lines on page 461 All about Trace Math on page 466 Learn how to make 75Ω ohm Measurements in the Supplemental Online Help http na support keysight com fieldfox help SupHel p FieldFox htm ...

Страница 85: ...ut FieldFox receiver port in FieldFox source port The FieldFox automatically switches the internal source and receivers to make both forward and reverse measurements Therefore the FieldFox can measure all four S parameters with a single connection When the source comes from port 1 the measurement is said to be in the forward direction When the source comes from port 2 the measurement is said to be...

Страница 86: ...ulti Trace Configurations on page 89 3 Press Freq Dist then either Start and Stop or Center and Span to enter a Frequency Range for the measurement 4 Press BW 2 then IFBW to select the IF Bandwidth for the measurement Narrower bandwidths require more time to sweep but lowers trace noise 5 Press Sweep 3 then Resolution to select the number of data points for the measurement More data points require...

Страница 87: ...ive S parameter trace to an equivalent impedance Z admittance Y or reciprocal 1 S parameter How to select parameter conversions Press Measure 1 Then select an S parameter Then More Then Conversion Then choose from the following Off default No conversion is performed Z Conv or Y Conv Perform conversion for impedance Z or admittance Y Then choose from the following for either Auto The displayed S pa...

Страница 88: ...source port based on the selected receiver Port 1 Select when measuring transmission at B receiver Port 2 Select when measuring reverse transmission at A receiver Learn more about Raw Receiver Measurements at the FieldFox Supplemental Online Help http na support keysight com fieldfox help SupHelp FieldFox htm Receiver measurements are NOT corrected for absolute power They are only useful for makin...

Страница 89: ...Frequency Range IF BW Resolution Average and Output Power settings are common for all displayed traces All other trace settings such as measurement format and limit lines are applied individually to the ACTIVE trace in the same manner as when a single trace is present By default a marker is created on ALL traces However they can be created individually by disabling Coupled Markers Learn more in Co...

Страница 90: ...ing of the active trace Press System 7 Then Full Screen Press any key to return to the standard display Quick Settings Both CAT and NA Modes allow you to view and change most relevant settings from a single location All of these settings are discussed in this chapter and unless otherwise noted ALL of these settings can also be made using the standard softkey menus How to view and change Quick Sett...

Страница 91: ...ce window The Dock Window setting persists through a Preset Choose from the following Full Default setting Only the Settings table is shown on the screen The trace window is temporarily not shown Left The Settings table is shown to the left of the trace window Bottom The Settings table is shown below the trace window When finished changing ALL settings press Done to save your settings Calibration ...

Страница 92: ...egrees from 180 to 180 for easy scaling Smith Used mainly for S11 and S22 which are plotted on a Smith Chart Displays series resistance and reactance More then Polar Used mainly for S11 and S22 Displays magnitude and phase of the reflection coefficient Group Delay Used mainly for S21 and S12 Displays signal transmission propagation time through a device in seconds The Group Delay aperture is the c...

Страница 93: ... using the numeric keypad the arrows or the rotary knob After using the arrows or the rotary knob press Enter The increment setting of the arrows is based on the current span and can NOT be changed in NA Mode After using the keypad select a multiplier key Learn more in Multiplier Abbreviations on page 41 Scale Settings Adjust the Y axis scale to see the relevant portions of the data trace The Y ax...

Страница 94: ...r a negative value by pressing Run Hold either before or after typing a value Ref Pos Manually set the position of the reference line Values must be between 0 TOP line and 10 BOTTOM line Magnitude Offset Magnitude Offset allows you to offset the magnitude not phase data by a fixed and or sloped value in dB If the display format is Linear Magnitude or Real unitless the conversion from dB is perform...

Страница 95: ...ompensate for the linear phase shift through a device and view only the deviation from linear phase of the device You can set the electrical delay independently for each measurement trace To apply an electrical delay to all measurement traces use Port Extensions Learn how in Port Extensions on page 101 Learn how to set Phase formats in Phase Offset on page 95 How to set Electrical Delay Press Scal...

Страница 96: ... in the left edge of the screen as Avg n where n is the number of measurements that are averaged Averaging can be set before or after calibration When set before calibration each calibration standard is measured n times and averaged More time is needed to perform the calibration but there will be less noise in the resulting error terms which means that subsequent measurements will also have less n...

Страница 97: ...ing the IF receiver bandwidth reduces the effect of random noise on a measurement However narrower IF bandwidths cause longer sweep times How to set IF BW Press BW 2 Then IF BW Then choose from the following 10 Hz 100 Hz 1 kHz 10 kHz 100 kHz More 30 Hz 300 Hz 3 kHz 30 kHz Smoothing Trace smoothing averages a number of adjacent data points to smooth the peak to peak noise values on a displayed trac...

Страница 98: ...w while the sweep occurs Continuous Makes continuous sweeps This is the typical setting when battery power is not critical You can also use Run Hold to toggle between Single and Continuous Resolution Number of Data Points Data points are individual measurements that are made and plotted across the X axis to form a trace Select more data points to increase measurement resolution However more data p...

Страница 99: ... multiplier abbreviations in Multiplier Abbreviations on page 41 Triggering External triggering NA and SA modes ONLY allows you to initiate a sweep when an external DC voltage is sensed at the Ref In Trig In connector on the FieldFox top panel See External Triggering for SA Mode in Triggering on page 169 Trigger Source Press Sweep 3 Then Trigger Then Trig Source Then choose from the following Inte...

Страница 100: ...signal farther from the noise floor However for devices that are sensitive to high power levels such as amplifiers use the Low power setting For best measurement accuracy use the Manual power setting at 15 dBm After calibration the power level can be decreased for amplifiers or increased for higher dynamic range How to set Output Power Press Meas Setup 4 Then Output Power High Sets output power to...

Страница 101: ...Press Meas Setup 4 Then Settings Then scroll to System Z0 and press Edit Then type either 50 or 75 and press Enter Port Extensions Port extensions allow you to electrically move the calibration reference plane on either port 1 or port 2 after you have performed a calibration Why use Port Extensions Use port extensions if you are unable to perform a calibration directly at your device because the l...

Страница 102: ...t the delay adds together Learn more about Electrical Delay in Electrical Delay on page 95 How to apply Port Extensions Press Meas Setup 4 Then Port Extensions Then Port Extensions ON Then Port1 Extension Then enter time value using the numeric keypad the arrows or the rotary knob Press Enter or select a seconds time multiplier You can also set Port Extensions by pressing Meas Setup 4 then Calibra...

Страница 103: ...uper Big marker readouts This is done by using up to two different display states called A and B Each display state is comprised of the settings listed below When the Big Readout setting is toggled through A and B these display states are recalled How to create Big Marker Display States To have big readouts markers MUST be created using the following procedure If you have already set up your displ...

Страница 104: ...adout format the same as the display format Default is selected by default Mkr Tracking ON Select the parameter to track on the standard Marker Search menu OFF is selected by default When set to ON Peak tracking is set by default Learn about Marker Tracking in Marker Functions on page 459 State Choose from Normal Delta or OFF The default marker 1 is created in Normal Learn more in Marker Functions...

Страница 105: ...nt to be valid input signals must be within these boundaries The following settings will increase the dynamic range of your NA mode measurement Increase Power Level Press Meas 4 then Output Power High Lower the IFBW Press BW 2 then IF BW Increase Averaging Press BW 2 then Average The following procedure MAY increase the dynamic range of your NA mode measurement The results you see will depend on t...

Страница 106: ...106 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide NA Network Analyzer Mode NA Mode Settings ...

Страница 107: ... NOT unique to Time Domain are documented in Chapter 6 NA Network Analyzer Mode on page 83 In This Chapter Time Domain Transform Settings Trace Settings Overview on page 109 Transform Settings Table on page 110 Start Stop Frequency Range and Points on page 110 Stimulus Mode on page 111 Set Frequency Lowpass on page 111 Start Stop Time on page 111 Distance Units on page 112 Window Layout on page 11...

Страница 108: ...108 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Time Domain Option 010 Gating Settings Start Stop Center and Span Gate Times on page 117 Gating Type on page 117 ...

Страница 109: ...nds Each bend creates a mismatch or change in the line impedance The frequency domain of an S11 measurement shows reflections caused by mismatches in the cable It is impossible to determine where the mismatches physically occur in the cable The Time Domain response shows both the location and the magnitude of each mismatch The responses indicate that the second cable bend is the location of a sign...

Страница 110: ... settings require that you then press a softkey to change the value When finished changing a value press Done Edit Press Dock Window to relocate the Settings table to a position relative to the trace window The Dock Window setting persists through a Preset Choose from the following Full Default setting Only the Settings table is shown on the screen The trace window is temporarily not shown Left Th...

Страница 111: ...s disabled Bandpass Impulse Easiest method can be used with any frequency sweep Most useful for measuring band limited devices such as filters and DC blocked cables This mode does NOT show capacitive and inductive reactance For the same frequency span and number of points band pass mode has twice the impulse width which hides closely spaced responses degrading the response resolution Set Frequency...

Страница 112: ...se from m meters or Feet Window Layout This setting is used to create additional traces or select a new layout for traces that are already created Choose from x1 x2 x2H x3H x3 x4H Learn more about multi trace configurations in Multi Trace Configurations on page 89 Transform Window There are abrupt transitions in a frequency domain measurement at the start and stop frequencies causing overshoot and...

Страница 113: ...form Settings table Learn how in Transform Settings Table on page 110 Line Loss and Velocity Factor By default the FieldFox does NOT correct Time Domain measurements to account for the inherent loss of a cable However to make more accurate measurements Line Loss and Velocity Factor should be considered Any of the following four methods can be used to make this same Window setting Impulse Width val...

Страница 114: ...rpose of illustrating this point connect an OPEN to the end of the cable a maximum sized fault for 100 reflection of the 300 MHz test signal Without compensation for the loss of the cable a 20 dB response would be visible at 100 meters which is the OPEN at the end of the DUT This is from 10 dB of loss through the cable in each direction With compensation for the loss using the manufacturer s speci...

Страница 115: ...the specific trace Select the trace Press Measure Setup 4 Then Transform Then choose from Transform On Trace displays Time Domain data Transform Off Trace displays frequency domain data Gate Enable Enable Gating for the specific trace Select the trace Press Measure Setup 4 Then Transform Then choose from Gating On Trace displays Time Domain data Gating Off Trace displays frequency domain data ...

Страница 116: ...med while viewing a Time Domain trace Then either disable Transform or separately view a frequency domain trace to see the trace with the gated effects removed The following image shows how gating can affect measurement results All 4 traces show the same S11 measurement Trace 1 shows the frequency response without gating enabled Trace 2 shows the transform response without gating enabled Trace 3 s...

Страница 117: ...ither Start and Stop or Center and Span Press Gating Start Stop A settings table appears that allows you to navigate and select the following settings These settings are made exactly like those made on the Transform Settings table Learn how in Transform Settings Table on page 110 Gating Type This setting defines the type of filtering that will be performed for the gating function The gate start an...

Страница 118: ...e stopband For all filter shapes T2 is equal to T3 and the filter is the same on both sides of the center time Minimum gate span is twice the cutoff time Each gate shape has a minimum recommended gate span for proper operation This is a consequence of the finite cutoff rate of the gate If you specify a gate span that is smaller than the minimum span the response will show the following effects dis...

Страница 119: ... 120 CalReady on page 121 How to Perform a Calibration on page 121 QuickCal N991xA 2xA 3xA Only on page 123 Mechanical Cal on page 125 ECal on page 128 Simple Response Cals on page 130 View Cal on page 132 Calibration Type on page 132 Enhanced Response Optimization on page 137 Interpolation on page 138 Cal ON Questionable Accuracy on page 138 Compatible Mode Calibrations on page 138 Save the Calib...

Страница 120: ...tings before calibrating Increased Averaging lower IF BW and higher Resolution all cause slower sweeps and slower calibration times Learn about Interpolation and Questionable Accuracy in Interpolation on page 138 When the FieldFox temperature changes more than about 10 F 5 C Learn more in How to monitor the internal FieldFox temperature on page 28 When the connection to the DUT changes requiring a...

Страница 121: ...uency range of the FieldFox using a number of data points that allows reasonable interpolation over the FieldFox frequency range This calibration known as CalReady allows you to immediately make measurements of a DUT that is connected directly at the test ports PORT 1 and or PORT 2 CalReady corrects measurements when the FieldFox is turned ON and when a measurement is created with no other correct...

Страница 122: ...onnect the DUT to the FieldFox test ports Learn more in QuickCal N991xA 2xA 3xA Only on page 123 Mechanical Cal ECal Using mechanical cal standards from a cal kit perform an accurate calibration at one or both test ports adapters or jumper cables Full 2 port mechanical calibration is the most accurate calibration available with FieldFox Learn more in ECal on page 128 User Cal OFF ON Turns ON and O...

Страница 123: ...measurements of devices with female 3 5 mm or SMA connectors use mechanical calibration Important QuickCal Notes 7 16 connectors can be used with QuickCal ONLY up to 6 GHz Type N 75 Ohm can be used with QuickCal ONLY up to 3 GHz QuickCal cannot be used with waveguides or if the test fixture or test setup before DUT includes an attenuator How to perform a QuickCal In CAT NA or VVM Mode press Cal 5 ...

Страница 124: ...essarily calibrate all of the displayed S parameters Learn more about Cal Types in Calibration Type on page 132 Using the arrows or rotary knob select a Cal Type then press Select and Finish Press Start Calibration No Connection Disconnect the DUT from the FieldFox If a jumper cable or adapter is required to connect the DUT to the FieldFox connect those components to the FieldFox test ports connec...

Страница 125: ... the frequency span of the measurement until the error no longer appears After the calibration you can then decrease the frequency span as needed and rely on interpolation Learn more about Interpolation in Interpolation on page 138 QuickCal is also limited in how much jumper cable loss it can tolerate If QuickCal without the Load is failing then measure the Load during the QuickCal to see if that ...

Страница 126: ...re all of the S parameters that you want calibrated If not press Esc to terminate the calibration process then return to the Trace menu to display all of the traces to be calibrated Learn how in Multi Trace Configurations on page 89 2 DUT Connectors For each DUT port that is shown verify the correct type and gender of the DUT connector If a DUT port is not shown then that port is not included in t...

Страница 127: ...more about Cal Types in Calibration Type on page 132 To select a different Cal Type Press Change Cal Type Then using the arrows or rotary knob select a Cal Type Then press Select and Finish Begin Calibration Press Start Calibration Follow the Cal Wizard prompts Connect the specified standard at the point where the DUT will be connected then press Measure At any time press Back to re measure a stan...

Страница 128: ...wer level Refer to the reference guide for your ECal module to determine the correct input power levels Exceeding an ECal s recommended input power level results in a compression and an invalid data condition Refer to www keysight com find ecal Simple ECal ON When choosing Full 2 port calibration if you are able to connect your ECal simultaneously to both device ports you should use Simple ECAL i ...

Страница 129: ...ted Press Cal 5 to start the Calibration Press Mechanical Cal ECal Press Change DUT Connectors For each test port to be calibrated select the Connector Type and Gender of the DUT ECal module The connected ECal module and relevant User Characterizations will appear with the ECal factory default as the default Cal Kit Optionally press Advanced then ECal Auto Orient ON default The FieldFox automatica...

Страница 130: ...is generally low Use a Simple Response Cal to make quick measurements when using a jumper cable to connect the DUT to the FieldFox Otherwise CalReady is usually more accurate When prompted choose a standard based on the displayed measurements to be calibrated For example to calibrate S11 connect either an OPEN or SHORT to the port 1 reference plane When Simple Response Cals are performed the sourc...

Страница 131: ... availability of this calibration on Port 2 may require an option Connect an OPEN or SHORT standard to the specified port and press Measure For 2 port measurements Select Normalization Connect a short high quality phase stable cable between the FieldFox port 1 and port 2 connectors then press Measure Press Finish Connect the DUT CAL ON U is shown on the screen when a User Cal Ex Response Cal is co...

Страница 132: ...e bottom box shows the S parameters that are displayed but NOT corrected by the current performed calibration but rather the CalReady calibration Learn more about CalReady in CalReady on page 121 Calibration Type The FieldFox simplifies the calibration process by recommending the most accurate and efficient calibration type based on the displayed S parameters However there may be times when you ma...

Страница 133: ...ents sweeps in both directions regardless of the displayed measurements The displayed traces are updated at a slower rate than Enhanced Response and 1 port calibrations which require sweeps in one direction only 1 Port OSL DUT No restrictions S parameters Corrected S11 or S22 Standards OPEN SHORT LOAD Sweeps in ONE direction FULL 2 Port May require an option Most comprehensive calibration Corrects...

Страница 134: ... Standards OPEN SHORT LOAD on ONE port Defined or Flush THRU between ports Sweeps in ONE direction TRL Mechanical Cal ONLY A complete 2 Port calibration with potentially better accuracy than Full 2 port Corrects all S parameters DUT Non Insertable or Insertable Standards Thru Reflect Line or variations of these A TRL Cal Kit MUST be selected to see this Cal Type Sweeps in BOTH directions Learn mor...

Страница 135: ...r QuickCal How to perform the Isolation step Press Cal 5 then Mechanical Cal ECal Then Advanced Then Omit Isolation OFF Perform the Isolation step ON default Omits the Isolation step Then Back Configure and perform the calibration as usual At the first step of the Cal you will be prompted to connect a Load standard to one or both test ports This setting survives an Instrument Preset Waveguide Cali...

Страница 136: ...aveguide settings These settings are necessary ONLY when making DTF measurements Press Measure 1 then Distance to Fault dB to select a DTF measurement Press Meas Setup 4 Then Settings Learn how to use the Quick Settings table in How to view and change Quick Settings on page 46 Set Media Waveguide Frequency Mode BandPass is automatically selected for you Scroll down to Waveguide Definitions Select ...

Страница 137: ...lReady this setting optimizes the calibration based on the type of DUT being measured See also CalReady Properties in CalReady on page 121 This setting does NOT survive Preset Press Cal 5 then More Then Enh Response Then choose from NonReciprocal default An amplifier is a Non Reciprocal device because it has gain in the forward direction and very high loss isolation in the reverse direction This c...

Страница 138: ...cy When the Output Power Interference Rejection or IF BW NA Mode ONLY setting is changed AFTER performing a calibration a question mark is added to the Cal annotation For example Cal ON Q is shown on the screen when the current QuickCal is being interpolated A is never added to CalRdy The resulting measurement accuracy depends on how much the setting has changed For highest accuracy recalibrate us...

Страница 139: ...ort Cal default Corrects all four S parameters Requires a forward and reverse sweep which causes slower trace measurements Learn why in Calibration Type on page 132 Enh Response Corrects forward S21 and S11 and reverse S12 and S22 measurements separately Therefore when measurements in only one direction are required this choice provides faster trace measurements than a full 2 port cal Also choose ...

Страница 140: ...Fox screen Lower than 35 dB indicates a GOOD calibration Higher than 30 dB indicates that you should recalibrate Verifying Phase Accuracy Connect a LOAD standard at the calibration reference plane where calibration standards were connected In NA Mode select a S11 Reflection with Polar or Smith Chart format Because all LOAD standards have delay you should see a small amount of phase rotation as a f...

Страница 141: ...uired and when using a jumper cable or adapter QuickCal is NOT recommended when the DUT has 3 5 mm female or SMA female connectors Even with the optional Load phase accuracy begins to degrade when the return loss is greater than about 20dB CalReady is accurate ONLY when the DUT is directly connected at the test ports and most accurate at room temperature For highest accuracy a new QuickCal or Mech...

Страница 142: ...142 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Calibration for NA CAT and VVM Modes Calibration Method Summary ...

Страница 143: ...n using the FieldFox Remote Viewer which enables you to view the FieldFox from your iOS device refer to http literature cdn keysight com litweb pdf 5991 2938EN pdf Figure 9 1 SA Display with Markers The graphic above shows an SA display with markers Carrier with 5 kHz frequency modulation and deviation of 1 kHz To better reflect the enhancements implemented during the alignment process for firmwar...

Страница 144: ...Antenna Cable Editor on page 156 Source Tracking Offset and Offset Reversal on page 158 Tune Listen AM FM on page 159 Independent Source Tracking Generator on page 161 Resolution Bandwidth Res BW on page 163 Video Bandwidth Video BW on page 164 Sweep Type on page 164 IF Output on page 165 Sweep Acquisition on page 166 Very Long Sweep Times on page 167 Zero Span Measurements on page 167 Triggering ...

Страница 145: ...rker Power on page 189 Meas UNCAL Error on page 190 Old Data Indicator on page 190 Radio Standards and Channel Measurements on page 191 Measurement Preset on page 191 Averaging on page 191 Traces on page 192 Channel Power CHP on page 192 Interference Analyzer Spectrogram Display SA Option on page 270 Waterfall Display on page 273 Record Playback SA Option on page 275 Optional Settings All about Ma...

Страница 146: ...erse Swap feature can be used to quickly reverse the Start and Stop frequencies Learn how in Reverse Swap on page 151 The frequency range of the measurement can be changed using the following methods Set Center and Span frequencies Set Start and Stop frequencies Toggle between Zero and Last selected span Set Full Span of the FieldFox Using Channel selection Learn how in Channel Selection on page 1...

Страница 147: ... using the keypad select a multiplier key Learn more in Multiplier Abbreviations on page 41 Two more ways to change the frequency range Press Freq Dist Then choose from the following Zero Last Span Each key press toggles the frequency span between 0 Hz and the last specified frequency span Learn more about Zero Span in Zero Span Measurements on page 167 More Then Full Span Selects the entire frequ...

Страница 148: ...h as Integration BW Learn more about Radio Standards and Channel Measurements in Radio Standards and Channel Measurements on page 191 How to select a Radio Standard Press Measure 1 OR Freq Dist then More Then Radio Standard Then Radio Standard Then select a standard using the arrows or rotary knob and press Enter Custom Radio Standards Your own custom Radio Standards can be imported into the Field...

Страница 149: ...annel Direction becomes available and CF Step alters to Channel Step How to change the Channel Number of the Measurement With Unit Chan the FieldFox will NOT allow you to specify channels outside of the selected Radio Standard Press Freq Dist Then choose from the following Center Channel Places the center frequency of the specified channel in the middle of the X axis Start Channel Places the lowes...

Страница 150: ...channels Up not shown indicates Uplink channels indicates that the lowest frequency in the channel 128 is at the left edge of the screen indicates that the highest frequency in the channel 130 is at the right edge of the screen When Center Channel or Freq Span is specified the X axis shows the Center Freq Channel and Frequency Span When Start or Stop Channel is specified the X axis shows the Start...

Страница 151: ...ts the specified absolute acquisition in the current Unit selection Y axis graticules show dB below or above the reference line Lin Linear scale The Y axis reference line represents the specified absolute acquisition in the current Unit selection Y axis graticules show percent of acquisition below or above the reference line Manually set Scale acquisition and Reference Position Press More then Aut...

Страница 152: ...he SA measurement port out to just beyond the external device For example when using an external preamp with gain of 10 dB enter this value for External Gain and the data trace across the displayed frequency span will be adjusted down by 10 dB When RF Atten is set to Auto you may see a change in the RF Attenuation value This is an attempt to measure the signal at top of screen the acquisition with...

Страница 153: ...ation is set manually The default Attenuation setting is 10 dB Enter a value between 0 to 30 dB in 5 dB steps using the numeric keypad the arrows or the rotary knob Then press Enter Atten xx dB is shown at the top of the screen means manual setting Preamplifier Control Opt 235 When very low level signals are analyzed an internal preamplifier can be used to boost the signal level by approximately 2...

Страница 154: ... receiver was compressed Set the RF Attenuation value at the setting when further increases no longer result in an increase in the displayed power level Field Strength Measurements To measure the strength of any signal transmitted through the air an antenna must be connected to the FieldFox The Field Strength feature allows you to enter the frequency response of the receiving antenna the Antenna F...

Страница 155: ...e used on the Receiver side View Corrections ON OFF Turn ON and OFF Pink Trace Antenna Cable corrections This is a composite of all cable antenna corrections that are currently applied Available as a useful visual aid the zero dB level no net correction is mapped to appear at the 50 dBm on screen level The following menu appears when any of the above Antenna or Cable softkeys are pressed Antenna C...

Страница 156: ...a field To edit header information press Edit then modify the selected field using the FieldFox labeler Description Enter a description for the antenna or cable correction table This is NOT the filename used to save the file Antenna Unit Rcvr side Antennas only Units in which the measurement will be displayed Select NONE default setting to select from standard SA Units on the Scale menu Learn how ...

Страница 157: ...y Optionally choose from the following Previous Next Page Quickly scrolls through pages of Freq Value data Add Row Add a blank Freq Value pair to the table Delete Clear then Delete Row Remove the selected Freq Value pair from the table Clear All then Yes Remove all Freq Value pairs from the table and resets header information to default settings When the table edits are complete Press Done to clos...

Страница 158: ...WR formats 2 Use Manage Folders to change the active folder to CABLES Learn how in Manage Folders on page 516 3 While in NA mode save the measurement as a csv file Learn how in How to Save a File on page 506 4 In SA mode select Corrections then recall the csv file for correction Source Tracking Offset and Offset Reversal This feature requires N991xA and N995xA FieldFox Combination Analyzers to hav...

Страница 159: ...ignal can be heard through the internal speaker or through headphones using the 3 5 mm jack located on the FieldFox side panel The Tune Listen tuner is separate from the SA display This allows you to listen to one frequency while displaying a different range of frequencies The Tune Listen measurement alternates between normal SA sweeps for the display and performing audio demodulation at the Tune ...

Страница 160: ...et Mode Preset or Meas Preset sets Tune Frequency to 3 0 GHz 2 Specify Tune Frequency Press Meas Setup 4 Then Tune Freq Enter a value using the numeric keypad arrows or the rotary knob Then select a multiplier key Learn about multiplier abbreviations Multiplier Abbreviations on page 41 3 Using Mkr Tune Freq Create a normal marker at the frequency of interest Learn how in How to create Markers on p...

Страница 161: ...ON OFF Independent Source Tracking Generator This feature may require an option For a comprehensive list view the FieldFox Configuration Guide at http literature cdn keysight com litweb pdf 5990 9836EN pdf A tracking generator a popular option with Spectrum Analyzers is a source which always tracks the SA receiver Like a traditional tracking generator the Independent Source feature can set the int...

Страница 162: ...asurements subtract this Trace 4 reference trace and therefore become relative to it SrcN is annotated on the screen Normalize is automatically turned OFF when the frequency range or Resolution is changed Learn more about Trace Display States in Trace Display States SA Mode on page 175 Source Power Sets the source power level Choose from Leveled Enter a value from 45 dBm to 0 dBm using the numeric...

Страница 163: ...lt This allows low level signals to be seen and measured However as the Res BW is narrowed the sweep speed becomes slower See Very Long Sweep Times on page 167 How to set Res BW Press BW 2 Then Res BW Then choose from the following Auto Res BW is coupled to the frequency span As the frequency span is narrowed the Res BW is also narrowed providing increased ability to resolve signals To change this...

Страница 164: ...ws or the rotary knob Then press a multiplier if necessary or press Enter Setting VBW higher than RBW may smooth the trace The current Video BW setting is shown at the bottom of the screen VBW x xx XHz means manual setting When the Res BW Video BW ratio exceeds 10 000 a Meas UNCAL warning may appear to indicate that the Video BW filter has reached the maximum capacity for averaging Sweep Type In S...

Страница 165: ...imately 33 75 MHz is simply a down converted version of the RF Input signal that is present at the tuned frequency While outputting an IF signal the FieldFox stops performing the InstAlign process Therefore the amplitude of traces on the FieldFox screen is NOT accurate and Meas UNCAL appears on the screen to indicate this Learn more in Individual Alignments on page 180 Learn more about the IF Outp...

Страница 166: ...ntil the pulse spectrum rises out of the noise and reaches its maximum level Increasing the SwpAcquisition value beyond this point only slows the update rate increases the actual Sweep time readout but does not improve measurement quality Figure 9 4 GSM Signal in Framed Data Format In the graphic above a GSM signal in a framed data format timeslot zero ON all others OFF PRF 218Hz Duty Cycle 12 5 T...

Страница 167: ...ery Long Sweep Times Two primary settings are responsible for the sweep time Res BW and SwAcquisition When the sweep time exceeds 1200 seconds 20 minutes an informational message Alert Very long sweep in progress is annotated on the screen for the duration of the sweep When the sweep time exceeds 4000 seconds about 1 hour Meas UNCAL is annotated on the screen Accuracy cannot be guaranteed InstAlig...

Страница 168: ...ot width and interval as shown How to set Zero Span Set Center to the frequency of interest then set Span to 0 Hz or select Zero Last Span Each key press toggles the frequency span between 0 Hz and the last specified frequency span How to change Sweep Time in Zero Span Press Sweep 3 Then Sweep Time Enter a value using the numeric keypad Sweep time is limited to 1000 seconds for N991xA 2xA 3xA mode...

Страница 169: ... when the previous sweep ends External A sweep is triggered on an external TTL signal at the Ref In Trig In connector on the FieldFox top panel Choose to trigger on the rising slope at about 1 7 V or on the falling slope at about 1 0 V using the Trigger Slope setting below The following two selections are similar in that they both a trigger a sweep from a signal at the SA RF Input connector Experi...

Страница 170: ...r Abbreviations on page 41 In Zero span you can use Trigger Position as an easy way to set Trigger Delay by positioning the trigger event on the FieldFox screen See Triggering on page 169 Trigger Level Used with Video and RF Burst triggering a sweep is initiated when an incoming signal crosses this level The units depend on the Units setting Learn more in Scale and Units on page 151 RF Burst Trigg...

Страница 171: ...asurements this setting is an easy way to automatically set the Trigger Delay by positioning the trigger event also known as T zero at any graticule along the X axis With T zero in the center of the screen you can zoom in and out by increasing or decreasing the sweep time Using the Trigger Position and Sweep Time settings is a quick and efficient way to examine artifacts of a pulse much easier tha...

Страница 172: ... 2nd vertical graticule FFT Gating Opt 238 Time gated spectrum analysis allows you to obtain spectral information about signals occupying the same part of the frequency spectrum that are separated in the time domain Using an external trigger signal to coordinate the separation of these signals you can perform the following operations Measure any one of several signals separated in time for example...

Страница 173: ...en Trigger Settings Then FFT Gating Setup Then choose from the following Gate View OFF ON When ON a separate zero span measurement is displayed below the non zero span window The gate view measurement helps to configure the gate width and delay by revealing with green markers the location of the gate relative to the trigger event The zero span measurement is tuned to the center frequency of the no...

Страница 174: ... the SA to make continuous sweeps This is the typical setting for making measurements Each Run Hold press causes the SA to toggle between continuous sweep and Hold OFF Causes the SA to Hold Each Run Hold or Single press causes the SA to make ONE sweep then Hold The Hold annotation changes to an arrow while the sweep occurs Single Automatically sets Continuous OFF and causes the SA to make ONE swee...

Страница 175: ... actual measured data for each sweep MaxHold Displays the maximum response of the input signal at each data point over multiple sweeps See also Average Count in Average Count on page 176 MinHold Displays the minimum response of the input signal at each data point over multiple sweeps See also Average Count in Average Count on page 176 Average Each data point is averaged over multiple sweeps as set...

Страница 176: ...set to Average a Noise Marker is present or a Channel measurement is active then Power Average is ALWAYS selected Otherwise Log Average is selected Log Averaging Best for displaying Trace Averaging LgAv is shown on the left side of the FieldFox screen when selected Power Linear Averaging Best for measuring true power levels Used in Detection Average and Noise Marker Average Mathematically trace no...

Страница 177: ...n alignment update is predetermined in the factory Until the update is performed annotation indicating questionable amplitude is displayed AMPTD When All Alignment is enabled by default the FieldFox performs an alignment process using the internal RF source Although some sweeps are delayed measurement results are never disturbed If the Independent Source tracking generator is enabled for your meas...

Страница 178: ...plitude Alignment IQA InstAlign Amplitude Alignment RF Burst Amplitude Alignment Channel Equalization Built Power meter InstAlign Amplitude Alignment Default settings and recommended use model for many applications Coupled individual alignments Coupled state is Auto Individual alignments are not accessible via front panel soft keys Individual alignments cannot be UnCoupled For special cases the in...

Страница 179: ...gnments are Coupled the state of all of them can be changed simultaneously using the All Alignment soft key sub menus when the individual alignments are UnCoupled they will be coupled when using the All Alignment soft key sub menus and their state will be simultaneously changed accordingly All Alignment and Align All Now How to set All Alignment and Align All Now Press Cal 5 IMPORTANT It is recomm...

Страница 180: ...setting in Preferences on page 477 in Chapter 25 System Settings See also Indi Individual Alignments IMPORTANT It is recommended that you use All Alignment Auto or Align All Now in lieu of the individual alignments Amptd Align Now Burst Align Now and ChanEQ Align Now because All Alignment Auto and Align All Now includes the individual alignment InstAlign Amptd Align Now Burst Align Now and ChanEQ ...

Страница 181: ...et Press Cal 5 Then Individual Align Then Amptd Alignment Then choose from the following Auto Default setting Alignments are required and are performed automatically when necessary at times when interrupting the RF Output is deemed acceptable The alignment process is performed opportunistically when changes in settings require the measurement to stop momentarily and a significant time elapsed sinc...

Страница 182: ...If the Mode was previously Off it is changed to Hold Amptd is annotated in the lower left corner of the FieldFox screen when amplitude alignment is questionable This is always true when OFF and is conditionally true in Auto or Hold when the most recent alignment is deemed stale RF Burst Amplitude Alignment RF Burst alignment calibrates the circuitry to provide accurate external RF Burst triggering...

Страница 183: ...prietary channel equalization algorithms to make extremely accurate channel measurements over the full frequency range of the FieldFox How to make Channel Equalization Alignments settings These settings do NOT survive a Preset or Mode Preset Press Cal 5 Then Individual Align Then ChanEq Alignment Then choose from the following Auto Default setting SA measurement applications monitor changes in int...

Страница 184: ...topped but the last alignment values are applied to subsequent sweeps OFF The alignment process is NOT performed and the channel equalization is deactivated ChanEq Align Now An alignment is performed immediately The Amptd annotation lights up whenever the current channel equalization is deemed stale Detection Method In SA Mode the X axis is comprised of data points also known as buckets The number...

Страница 185: ...d on other settings is NOT shown Normal Nrm Provides a better visual display of random noise than Positive peak and avoids the missed signal problem of the Sample Mode Should the signal both rise and fall within the bucket interval then the algorithm classifies the signal as noise An odd numbered data point displays the maximum value encountered during its bucket An even numbered data point displa...

Страница 186: ...rred method when making power measurements Display Line A display line is a simple horizontal line that can be placed at any amplitude level on the SA screen or set to any level in IQA Use a display line as mental guide for visual feedback A display line is similar to a Limit Line except that no PASS FAIL testing occurs A display line is easier to create than a Limit Line Learn more in All about L...

Страница 187: ...od on page 184 With a Noise Marker present the Res BW can be changed and the displayed noise floor will also change but the Noise Marker readout will remain about the same Noise Markers can be used like regular markers A Noise Marker is distinguished from a regular marker by 1Hz after the marker readout value Learn more about regular markers in All about Markers on page 446 How to measure Noise wi...

Страница 188: ...on Then Band Int Power Then Band or Interval Span Then choose from the following Auto Measures power over 5 of the displayed span or graticules The Band Span is automatically updated to remain at 5 when you change the frequency span Man Enter a frequency or time value using the arrows or the rotary knob then press Enter Or enter a value using the numeric keypad and select a frequency or time suffi...

Страница 189: ...the equivalent of the ON state of this setting The default setting is OFF Learn more about Triggering with negative delay in Triggering on page 169 Press Mkr Tools Then More Then Mkr Properties Then Time Zero Fixed Then choose from the following ON Time Zero is fixed at the left edge of the screen A marker in negative delay resides at this point This is the vintage behavior OFF default Time Zero i...

Страница 190: ... 482 Meas UNCAL Error Meas UNCAL appears in the lower left corner of the screen when the FieldFox can NOT display accurate measurement results with the current settings Usually the part of the trace that is inaccurate is shown at 200 dB The following situation can produce Meas UNCAL When the ResBW VBW ratio exceeds 10 000 causing the VBW filter to reach the maximum capacity for averaging Old Data ...

Страница 191: ...nge With Units CHAN selected the FieldFox chooses either the uplink or downlink band and displays that range of frequencies You can then tune within that Standard using Start CHAN Stop CHAN or Center CHAN The X axis annotation indicates the frequency range When you first select a Channel Measurement then select a Radio Standard the BW Offset RRC Integration BW and Span settings are changed to thos...

Страница 192: ...g in Average Type on page 176 To change Averaging Press Meas Setup 4 Then Average Enable ON OFF OFF effectively sets the Average Count to 1 Then Average Count Enter a value between 1 and 10 000 using the numeric keypad arrows or the rotary knob Press Enter Traces Only one measurement trace can be displayed in Channel Measurements Channel Power CHP Channel Power measures total power over the specif...

Страница 193: ...rker Learn more about the Noise Marker in Noise Marker on page 187 How to select Channel Power Press Measure 1 Then Channel Measurements Then Channel Power When Channel Power is selected the following settings are maintained from a previous measurement Center Frequency Preamp ON OFF and RF Attenuation Integration Bandwidth When Channel Power is selected vertical posts appear on the display to mark...

Страница 194: ...Hz and 3 GHz using the numeric keypad arrows or the rotary knob Press Enter Other Channel Power Settings All relevant FieldFox settings are made automatically to ensure the highest accuracy such as ResBW VideoBW and sweep SwpAcquisition speed These and all other SA Mode settings can be changed manually in a Channel Power measurement Learn about Measurement Preset in Measurement Preset on page 191 ...

Страница 195: ... Occupied Bandwidth is selected the following settings are maintained from a previous measurement Center Frequency Preamp ON OFF and RF Attenuation Frequency Span Occupied BW is calculated from power that is measured over the entire displayed Frequency Span The frequency span can be entered using arbitrary frequencies or by using a Radio Standard in conjunction with channel numbers Learn how to se...

Страница 196: ...dth Settings All relevant FieldFox settings are made automatically to ensure the highest accuracy such as ResBW VideoBW and sweep SwpAcquisition speed These and all other SA Mode settings can be changed manually in a Occupied Bandwidth measurement Learn about Measurement Preset in Measurement Preset on page 191 Learn about Averaging in Averaging on page 191 Adjacent Channel Power Ratio ACPR ACPR m...

Страница 197: ...hart is always presented in dBm for the carrier and dBc dB below the carrier for the offsets This can NOT be changed Use the Meas Type setting next page to change how the data is presented in the table below the graph How to select ACPR Press Measure__1 Then Channel Measurements Then Adjacent Channel Power When ACPR is selected the following settings are maintained from a previous measurement Cent...

Страница 198: ...h Press Meas Setup 4 Then Integrating BW Enter a value between 100 Hz and 100 MHz using the numeric keypad arrows or the rotary knob Press Enter How to define adjacent Offset channels An offset represents a difference in center frequencies of the carrier channel and its adjacent channel to be measured The frequency range for each offset is specified with an Offset Freq and Integ BW Each offset tha...

Страница 199: ...arrier and offset power levels in the table are presented Data in the graphical chart is always presented in dBm for the carrier and dBc for the offsets To select Meas Type Press Meas Setup 4 Then More Then Meas Type Then choose from the following Total Pwr Ref Integrated carrier power is represented in dBm and relative powers between offsets and carrier are represented as dBc dB below the carrier...

Страница 200: ...ge 191 Learn about Averaging in Averaging on page 191 RRC Weighting RRC or Root Raised Cosign weighting is offered with Channel Power and ACPR measurements When RRC Weighting is applied to transmitted and received power the edges of the channel are smoothed to help prevent interference To accurately measure a channel that has RRC weighting set the same value of RRC weighting as that used in the tr...

Страница 201: ... User s Guide 201 SA Spectrum Analyzer Mode Channel Measurements Enter a value between 0 no smoothing and 1 most smoothing using the numeric keypad arrows or the rotary knob A standard level of filtering is 22 Press Enter ...

Страница 202: ...202 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide SA Spectrum Analyzer Mode Channel Measurements ...

Страница 203: ...s at the SA RF IN connector For a comprehensive RTSA mode tutorial see Understanding and Applying Probability of Intercept in Real Time Spectrum Analysis App Note at http literature cdn keysight com litweb pdf 5991 4317EN pdf Figure 10 1 RTSA Display using Markers The graphic above shows an RTSA display of a Bluetooth signal using markers ...

Страница 204: ...th Res BW on page 212 Triggering on page 213 Single Continuous Restart Time Per Div on page 216 Points not user settable on page 217 Trace Display States on page 218 Average Count Show Density Blue and Red Percentage Limits on page 220 Average Count on page 221 Alignments on page 221 Detection Method on page 219 Display Line on page 221 Spectrogram Display RTSA Option on page 223 Record Playback R...

Страница 205: ...w to set Frequency Range Press Freq Dist Then choose from the following Center and Freq Span frequencies This is the most common method of entering frequency range Enter the frequency of interest The Center frequency is at the exact center of the X axis The Frequency Span places half of the frequency range on either side of center When you initially select I Q Analyzer Real Time SA or some of the ...

Страница 206: ...n using the arrows press Enter The increment setting of the arrows is based on the current span This can be changed in RTSA Mode After using the keypad select a multiplier key Learn more in Multiplier Abbreviations on page 41 Scale and Units Adjust the Y axis scale to see the relevant portions of the data trace The Y axis is divided into 10 graticules A acquisition is shown on the screen as a soli...

Страница 207: ...vely moves the reference plane of the RTSA measurement port out to just beyond the external device For example when using an external preamp with gain of 10 dB enter this value for External Gain and the data trace across the displayed frequency span will be adjusted down by 10 dB When RF Atten is set to Auto you may see a change in the RF Attenuation value This is an attempt to measure the signal ...

Страница 208: ...w low level signals to be viewed Man RF Attenuation is set manually Enter a value between 0 to 30 dB in 5 dB steps using the numeric keypad the arrows or the rotary knob Then press Enter Atten xx dB is shown at the top of the screen means manual setting Preamplifier Control Opt 235 When very low level signals are analyzed an internal preamplifier can be used to boost the signal level by approximat...

Страница 209: ...easurement Using a marker at the signal peak make note of the signal power level Increase the RF Attenuation level by 5 dB If the signal level does NOT change then NO compression exists This indicates that the signal is in the linear region of the FieldFox receiver If the signal level DOES increase then the receiver was compressed Set the RF Attenuation value at the setting when further increases ...

Страница 210: ...trum The signal is displayed as a real time spectrum Use real time spectrogram to quickly display measurements Refer to Figure 10 4 on page 212 In all three spectrum measurements there are four available traces for representation of the real time spectrum Density Spectrum Histogram FM Signal with 1 MHz FM Deviation 400 Hz FM Rate ...

Страница 211: ...er s Guide 211 RTSA Real Time Spectrum Analyzer Mode Option 350 CPU2 Only RTSA Mode Settings Figure 10 2 Density Spectrum Histogram with 2 Pulses Blue color indicates pulse that occurs less frequently Figure 10 3 Spectrogram ...

Страница 212: ...s allows low level signals to be seen and measured How to set Res BW Press BW 2 Then Res BW For best results use the AUTO setting for the Res BW values Increasing the resolution BW could reduce pulse measurement capability by affecting the 100 POI duration and the minimum detectable signal level The resolution BW must be as narrow as possible to maintain gapless measurements When Manual RBW is sel...

Страница 213: ...n Appendix B Triggering External Video and RF Burst triggering enable you to initiate an RTSA mode sweep using an external event such as a signal burst Trigger Type Press Sweep 3 Then Trigger Settings Then Trig Type Then choose from the following Free Run Triggering is provided by the FieldFox internal circuitry A new sweep begins when the previous sweep ends External A sweep is triggered on an ex...

Страница 214: ...r repeats at the period rate entered Periodic trigger s phase can be altered by the Offset value Then choose from the following Period Enter a value for the trigger to repeat 100 ns to 400 ms Offset Enter a offset value to offset the phase of the periodic trigger 100 ms to 100 ms Reset Offset Display Resets Offset to default 0 000000 s Trigger Slope Trigger Slope determines which edge of an Extern...

Страница 215: ...in can cause broadband e g pulsed signal energy to display at lower power levels than the peak power levels of the time domain signal Therefore you may need to the set trigger level higher than the displayed spectral level Press Sweep 3 Then Trigger Settings Then Trig Level Enter a value using the numeric keypad the arrows or the rotary knob 210 to 30 dBm Then select a multiplier key or press Ente...

Страница 216: ... feature Also you can press Trig Hold Off OFF Trigger Settings Annotation Trigger settings are annotated on the FieldFox screen as shown in the following figure Trig Type VidT AutoTrigger a Pos Slope Horizontal arrow Trig Level green horizontal graticule at 35 dBm Single Continuous Restart Time Per Div This setting determines whether the FieldFox measures continuously or only once each time the Si...

Страница 217: ...counter to 1 If Continuous sweep is OFF it also causes Average Count n sweeps to occur if any Trace State is set to RMS Average MinHold or MaxHold This softkey is also used to clear the Spectrogram display Learn more in Average Count on page 221 Acq Time Use the Acq Time setting to adjust acquisition time interval for each trace update in Density or Real Time Spectrum measurements How to set Acq T...

Страница 218: ...wing Trace States Clr Wr W Clear Write Displays the actual measured data for each sweep MaxHold M Displays the maximum response of the input signal at each data point over multiple sweeps See also Average Count in Average Count on page 221 MinHold m Displays the minimum response of the input signal at each data point over multiple sweeps See also Average Count in Average Count on page 221 RMS Aver...

Страница 219: ... labeled on the left edge of the screen A corresponding letter appears below the corresponding Trace number selected For example N means that Normal was the selected detector Press Trace_6 Then Detector Then choose from the following Auto Displays the most appropriate Detection method based on other settings Normal N Provides a better visual display of random noise than Positive peak and avoids th...

Страница 220: ...it Density Spectrum Only Changes the percentage of the trace that has a blue limit 0 05 to 100 default is 0 05 This setting is coupled to the color bar in the upper right corner of the FieldFox display Red Limit Density Spectrum Only Changes the percentage of the trace that has a blue limit 0 05 to 100 default is 100 This setting is coupled to the color bar in the upper right corner of the FieldFo...

Страница 221: ...e States RMS Average MaxHold or MinHold when Sweep 3 Continuous is set to OFF press Restart to reset the sweep count to 1 perform n sweeps then return to Hold How to set Average Count Press Meas Setup 4 Then Average Count Enter a value from 1 to 10 000 using the numeric keypad the arrows or the rotary knob Press Enter Alignments The RTSA mode requires all three alignment types amplitude RF burst a...

Страница 222: ...RTSA Mode Settings Figure 10 5 Display Line with Annotations How to create and move a Display Line Press Limit __8 Then Display Line OFF ON Then enter a Y axis value using the arrows or the rotary knob then press Enter Or enter a value using the numeric keypad and press a suffix key or press Enter ...

Страница 223: ...gram draws the most recent trace record at the bottom of the stack of previously drawn trace records Drawing the live trace on the display is optional Figure 10 6 Spectrogram display Overlay view How to select Spectrogram Press Meas 1 Then Spectrogram How to modify the Spectrogram You can change how the spectrogram is displayed relative to the data trace This setting affects the total number of tr...

Страница 224: ...its to the power levels that you expect to measure The Blue limit must always be less than the Red limit For RTSA Mode Press Meas Setup 4 Then choose from the following Red Limit Using the arrows rotary knob or keypad select the HIGHEST power level that you expect to measure This power level and those measured higher than this level appear Red Blue Limit Using the arrows rotary knob or keypad sele...

Страница 225: ...eset or Mode Preset an Instrument State is recalled or when Mode is changed from RTSA Each session is saved as a folder containing a set of files on the specified storage device How long can a recording session last There are many variables that determine the possible length of a recording session But one key variable is the amount of available memory When a session is opened or a new session is i...

Страница 226: ...ded Clear All Records Empties that session of recorded traces Learn more in Manage Sessions on page 232 FieldFox Setting Changes during Record and Playback During Recording When any of the following State settings are changed during recording the State counter is incremented About State and User Tags on page 227 and the settings are saved to the Session file along with the first trace to be record...

Страница 227: ...State cannot be modified No measurement post processing is allowed and no Density or Spectrogram information can be recovered This is because RTSA s Real Time Spectrum and Density displays are not derived from the trace data but instead require independent high speed hardware acquisition Record Playback Exceptions Markers can be activated and moved to help analyze recorded data However marker posi...

Страница 228: ...umber incremented with each new session The name can be changed using Manage Sessions Learn more in Manage Sessions on page 232 92 95 is the current and total trace number currently trace is 92 of 95 total traces state 4 5 is the current and total state tag or user tag number 4 of 5 total tags Asterisk indicates that a state has changed Pound indicates that a User Tag has been inserted Sep 22 is t...

Страница 229: ...at the current recorded trace This allows you to quickly move to this location during playback Learn more in About State and User Tags in About State and User Tags on page 227 How to Playback a Session Press Trace 6 If the session is already open skip the following step Otherwise Then Record Playback Setup Press Recall Session Then select a session to playback and press Open Then Recorder Player T...

Страница 230: ...e last recorded trace Record Playback Setup Return to the setup menu to change Configuration settings or Close the session Recording Configuration To change Recording Configuration settings Press Trace 6 Then Record Playback Then New Session or Recall an existing session Then Recording Configuration Then choose from the following Record Time Sets the amount of time to record traces Default is MAX ...

Страница 231: ...e or Record to capture another N traces or Stop to end recording Default is OFF which is NO limit to the number of traces to be recorded When set a counter appears in the lower left corner which counts UP to the specified number of recordings Record Source RTSA can only record one of the four possible traces The simplest way to use Record Playback is to use First Active Trace default trace Figure ...

Страница 232: ...ayback a Session in How to Playback a Session on page 229 To slow playback of a session Record a new session or Open an existing session Press Playback Configuration Then Playback Interval Enter a value in seconds between 0 no delay and 100 using the numeric keypad arrows or the rotary knob After using the keypad select a multiplier key Learn about multiplier abbreviations Press Enter Manage Sessi...

Страница 233: ...ge device or the same storage device with Copy n _ appended to the beginning of the name so that duplication is prevented Copy All Copies ALL of the listed sessions to a different storage device or the same storage device with Copy n _ appended to the beginning of the names so that duplication is prevented Delete All Deletes ALL of the listed sessions Record Playback Example RTSA Mode Only The fol...

Страница 234: ...234 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide RTSA Real Time Spectrum Analyzer Mode Option 350 CPU2 Only Record Playback RTSA Option ...

Страница 235: ... 11 IQ Analyzer IQA Option 351 CPU2 Only IQA mode measures signals at the SA RF IN connector IQA mode requires the FieldFox to have SA mode and CPU2 installed Figure 11 1 IQ Analyzer IQA Display LTE TDD signal captured using the FieldFox s I Q analyzer ...

Страница 236: ... IQA on page 254 Noise Marker on page 254 Band Interval Power Marker on page 255 Band Span Marker Spectrum Only on page 256 Interval Span Marker Waveform Only on page 256 Coupled Markers Waveform Only on page 256 Continuous Peak Search Marker on page 258 Alignments on page 259 Trace Display States IQA Mode on page 259 How to display the Trace States on page 259 Other Features Available on page 261...

Страница 237: ...Q Analyzer IQA Option 351 CPU2 Only See Also Why and When to Calibrate on page 120 All about Markers on page 446 All about Limit Lines on page 461 All about Trace Math on page 466 Chapter 24 Data Analysis Features Chapter 27 File Management ...

Страница 238: ... frequency domain and time domain spectrum measurement and waveform measurement are based on the same I Q acquisition The following acquisition parameters are automatically calculated to satisfy these requirements 1 RBW and IF BW specified in Spectrum measurement BW BW 2 menu 2 Start time and Stop time specified in Waveform measurement Sweep Sweep 3 menu and IF BW specified in Waveform measurement...

Страница 239: ...e also How to Capture I Q Data to a File on page 240 1 Press Preset then Mode Preset Factory 2 Press Measure 1 then choose from the following Spectrum Freq Domain Default Selects frequency spectrum as the current displayed measurement Waveform then choose one of the following RF Envelope Selects log RF envelope in time domain default IQ Waveform Selects linear Real and imaginary I Q waveform value...

Страница 240: ... be set to Single or 1 all data saved into a single file for the current displayed data or Multiple When using Multiple as the file count the user can enter the number of files to save and the FieldFox is auto coupled to Continuous acquisition mode and to Multiple capture and all data is saved to either an external SD card or USB storage device Each acquisition is saved before the next data acquis...

Страница 241: ...Management on page 505 default IQDataFile Back Returns to the previous softkey menu Capture Settings then choose one of the following Capture Time Sets the length of the I Q trace capture time default 100 μs range 80 ns to dynamic i e Maximum capture time is 335 544 ms which is associated with a sample rate of 12 5 MHz Sample Rate Sets the I Q data sample rate value default 12 5 MHz maximum 12 5 M...

Страница 242: ... the file is deleted Refer to Example on page 243 Each time you press the Start softkey the I Q data writes to the current filename i e Single capture default is IQDataFile csv or for Multiple format is IQDataFile_yyyymmdd hh mm ss ffff csv To avoid overwriting your Single capture data or to add a unique filename for Single or Multiple capture data use the Measure 1 Capture Data Settings File Sett...

Страница 243: ...s stops If file number 175 has not been saved it is deleted But I Q data files 1 through 174 that have been saved prior to pressing Stop are still saved for reference See also Chapter 27 File Management How to modify the I Q data measurement parameters The following sections assume you have already selected your I Q data measurement type i e Spectrum Waveform RF Envelope or I Q Waveform or User De...

Страница 244: ... Flat Top Then select one of the following There is a significant difference between resolution BW in FFT measurements and the resolution BW of a traditional sweeping spectrum analyzer SA measurement The resolution BW in FFT measurements does not directly control the IF BW like a traditional SA swept measurement Resolution bandwidth is directly related to the analysis length window and or data acq...

Страница 245: ...w whose maximum side lobe level is 70 dB K B 80 dB This is a Kaiser Bessel window whose maximum side lobe level is 80 dB K B 90 dB This is a Kaiser Bessel window whose maximum side lobe level is 90 dB K B 100 dB This is a Kaiser Bessel window whose maximum side lobe level is 100 dB K B 110 dB This is a Kaiser Bessel window whose maximum side lobe level is 110 dB K B 120 dB This is a Kaiser Bessel ...

Страница 246: ...waveform measurement default 0s minimum 0s maximum dynamic In Waveform mode Setting the Start and stop time enables you to display a subset of the data on the display in order to speed up the refresh rate when the acquisition time is long Changing the Start Time changes which data point is displayed on the left side of the screen Couplings When the change of Stop Time makes time domain display len...

Страница 247: ...e Then select one of the following Softkey Description Free Run Default Triggering is provided by the FieldFox internal circuitry A new acquisition begins when the previous acquisition ends External An acquisition is triggered on an external TTL signal at the Ref In Trig In connector on the FieldFox top panel Choose to trigger on the rising slope at about 1 7 V or on the falling slope at about 1 0...

Страница 248: ...ng for a valid trigger signal Wait is annotated in the top left corner of the FieldFox screen If a valid trigger signal is not received before the specified Auto Trig Time a acquisition will occur automatically Enter 0 to set Auto Trigger OFF When Auto Trigger is OFF the FieldFox does NOT perform an acquisition unless a valid trigger signal is received Default 100 ms minimum 1 ms maximum 100s Adju...

Страница 249: ...s for the current window Please note only in User Defined measurement are all of the data results from Spectrum measurement and Waveform measurement available Otherwise only the data results from the current measurement Spectrum or Waveform are available See also Trace Display States IQA Mode on page 259 The Trace and Trace State keys are used to choose how many traces of the data result are displ...

Страница 250: ...e measurement trace default 1 GHz minimum 0 Hz maximum FieldFox model dependent Freq Span Spectrum Only Sets the frequency span of the measurement trace The analyzer s digital IF bandwidth is always equal to this value Changing the span causes the IF bandwidth and the sample rate to change automatically Span IF bandwidth sample rate 1 25 IF bandwidth Res BW Span 50 if resolution bandwidth Auto Q v...

Страница 251: ...um and RF Envelope Only Log Logarithmic scale default setting The Y axis reference line represents the specified absolute acquisition in the current Unit selection Y axis graticules show dB below or above the reference line default 10 dB minimum 0 01 dB maximum 20 dB Lin Linear scale The Y axis reference line represents the specified absolute acquisition in the current Unit selection Y axis gratic...

Страница 252: ...y mean that damage has occurred but that the receiver is probably compressed When high power levels are present at the RF Input port internal attenuation can be switched in to keep the FieldFox receiver from compressing At extremely high power levels use external attenuation to protect the internal circuitry from being damaged The displayed power level is automatically adjusted for RF Attenuation ...

Страница 253: ...justable The displayed signal level is automatically adjusted for the increase in system gain How to control the Preamp By default the preamp is OFF Press Scale Amptd Then More Then Preamp Off The displayed setting is the current setting When ON PA is shown to the left of the graticules on the display default OFF When OFF nothing is displayed in the left graticules When Auto is selected the preamp...

Страница 254: ...move the Noise Marker until consistent measurements are displayed in adjacent data points With a Noise Marker present the Res BW can be changed and the displayed noise floor will also change but the Noise Marker readout will remain about the same IMPORTANT When using I Q markers it is important to either be in Single acquisition mode or for Continuous acquisition mode to set the measurement in adv...

Страница 255: ... a channel power measurement see SA chapter Channel Power CHP on page 192 When the IQA is set to a waveform measurement the marker is referred to as an Interval Marker because it averages power over a specific time interval In this case the range is specified as the Interval Span How to measure Band Interval Power with a marker Press Marker to create or select a Normal or Delta marker to use to me...

Страница 256: ... power Then press More Then Marker Function Interval Span Enables or disables the Band Span marker default 5 of the start time stop time minimum 1 ns maximum 10s Coupled Markers Waveform Only When a Coupled marker is enabled in a window on the FieldFox the current active marker in that window is enabled as the reference coupled marker on the current trace and the x axis value of any other active w...

Страница 257: ...1 Normal 5 Press Esc 6 Repeat steps 3 through 5 while selecting the other measurement windows and markers Real using marker 2 and Imaginary using marker 3 7 Press Marker More Coupled Markers ON 8 Press Marker and use the arrows or the rotary knob to move the coupled markers along the traces in Window 2 Waveform Window 3 Real and Window 4 Imaginary Figure 11 2 IQ Analyzer IQA Display Coupled marker...

Страница 258: ...s on page 446 Summary Cont Peak Search Enables or disables the continuous peak search The rules for finding the peak are exactly the same as for Peak Search including the use of peak criteria rules How to measure with the Continuous Peak Search marker Press Mkr Tools to create or select a Normal or Delta marker to use the Continuous Peak Search marker Then press More RF Spectrum Only Then press Mk...

Страница 259: ...the following colors Trace 1 Yellow Trace 2 Blue Trace 3 Orange Trace 4 Green Then State current setting Then choose from the following Trace States Clr Wr Clear Write Displays the actual measured data for each acquisition MaxHold Displays the maximum response of the input signal at each data point over multiple acquisitions See also Average Count in Adjusting the Measurement Setup Settings on pag...

Страница 260: ...isitions See also Average Count in Adjusting the Measurement Setup Settings on page 248 Average Each data point is averaged over multiple acquisitions as set by the Average Count setting Learn more in Adjusting the Measurement Setup Settings on page 248 View Displays and then holds the last complete measurement trace on the screen This is similar to storing a trace in memory Blank Displays no trac...

Страница 261: ...r Features Available External Gain Refer to refer to the SA chapter s section External Gain on page 152 Limit Lines For information on using Limit Lines refer to All about Limit Lines on page 461 Display Lines For information on using Limit Lines refer to the SA chapter s section Display Line on page 186 ...

Страница 262: ...262 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide IQ Analyzer IQA Option 351 CPU2 Only Other Features Available ...

Страница 263: ...uires 89600 VSA software version 22 01 Refer to http www keysight com find assist When in Remote Server mode most of the front panel hardkeys are locked and will beep but perform no actions when pressed i e the FieldFox front panel hardkeys are not relevant when connected via LAN to the 89600 VSA software on your remote PC In Remote Server mode only System 7 hardkey lets you change the system sett...

Страница 264: ...Chapter In this Chapter See Also Connecting Using Remote Server on page 265 89600 VSA Software Overview Requires CPU2 and N991xA 3x A5x A6xA and SA Option 233 on page 267 Optional Settings LAN Settings on page 497 All about Markers on page 446 All about Limit Lines on page 461 All about Trace Math on page 466 ...

Страница 265: ...ges that occur during the remote connection process For more information on specific compatible PC based licensed procedures refer to 89600 VSA Software Overview Requires CPU2 and N991xA 3x A5x A6xA and SA Option 233 on page 267 Figure 12 1 Initial Waiting for a Connection from a PC based and Compatible Licensed Software or No Remote Connection The graphic above shows the FieldFox in the process o...

Страница 266: ...A Hardware SA Option 233 Connecting Using Remote Server Figure 12 2 FieldFox Display When Remotely Connected to a PC based Software The graphic above shows the FieldFox successfully connected to a PC with an example hostname PC123 and to a compatible licensed PC based software ...

Страница 267: ...D W CDMA GSM EDGE cdma2000 1xEV DO TD SCDMA Wireless connectivity 802 11ax 802 11n ac 802 11a b g j p 802 16 WiMAX fixed mobile 802 15 4 Wi SUN RFID Digital satellite video and other satellite signals radar LMDS Up to 400K bin FFT for the highest resolution spectrum analysis A full suite of time domain analysis tools including signal capture and playback time gating and CCDF measurements Unlimited...

Страница 268: ... use Microsoft Windows graphical user interface For a comprehensive FieldFox VSA mode help refer to http rfmw em keysight com wireless helpfiles 89600B WebHelp 89600 ht m For additional information on the 89600 VSA Software brochure refer to http literature cdn keysight com litweb pdf 5990 6553EN pdf For Technical Overview refer to http literature cdn keysight com litweb pdf 5990 6405EN pdf ...

Страница 269: ...Common Settings for Waterfall and Spectrogram on page 272 Waterfall Display on page 273 About Sessions on page 275 FieldFox Setting Changes during Record and Playback on page 276 About State and User Tags on page 277 How to Record a Session on page 278 How to Playback a Session on page 279 Recording Configuration on page 279 Playback Configuration on page 283 Manage Sessions on page 283 Record Pla...

Страница 270: ... can be recorded from or played back into any measurement type such as Channel Power or Occupied BW or any display type such as Spectrogram and Waterfall See How to Record a Session on page 278 to learn how to save traces Spectrogram Display SA Option Spectrogram draws the most recent trace record at the bottom of the stack of previously drawn trace records Drawing the live trace on the display is...

Страница 271: ...O graticules Total trace records 340 Full Screen Displays the spectrogram with NO data trace Total trace records 340 Top Displays the data trace below the spectrogram Total trace records 130 Bottom Displays the data trace above the spectrogram Total trace records 130 How to create Time Markers SA Only Use Time Markers to determine the elapsed time between any two displayed records The most recent ...

Страница 272: ...er levels Adjust the Red and Blue limits to the power levels that you expect to measure The Blue limit must always be less than the Red limit For SA Mode Press Meas Setup 4 Then Spectrogram Settings or Waterfall Settings Then choose from the following Red Limit Using the arrows rotary knob or keypad select the HIGHEST power level that you expect to measure This power level and those measured highe...

Страница 273: ...ive trace on the bottom of the screen using the scale and reference settings Learn how in Scale and Units on page 151 Figure 13 2 Waterfall display moderate angle with time markers 1 minute apart The following settings all contribute to the sweep time of an individual trace and therefore the total elapsed time that can appear on the screen in Waterfall display Frequency Range Learn more in Frequen...

Страница 274: ...detail More detail provides fewer time records Press Meas Setup 4 Then Waterfall Settings Then Waterfall Angle Then choose from the following Moderate Compromise between detail and number of records Steep Least detail with highest number of records Gradual Most detail with lowest number of records Wide Angle Moderate angle with increased space between records Learn how to set Red and Blue Limits i...

Страница 275: ...You close the session when finished recording or playing A session is also closed when the FieldFox is Preset or Mode Preset an Instrument State is recalled or when Mode is changed from SA Each session is saved as a folder containing a set of files on the specified storage device How long can a recording session last There are many variables that determine the possible length of a recording sessio...

Страница 276: ...of the following State settings are changed during recording the State counter is incremented About State and User Tags on page 277 and the settings are saved to the Session file along with the first trace to be recorded with the new setting During playback the trace and display annotation will reflect the change on the screen State settings Refer to Table 13 1 for a list of the applicable state s...

Страница 277: ... Markers can be activated and moved to help analyze recorded data However marker position control is only available when playback is Paused Field Strength Corrections is saved with the session file and it is also allowed during playback Learn about this Field Strength Corrections in Field Strength Measurements on page 154 Frequency Counter at Marker is NOT allowed during Recording or Playback Lear...

Страница 278: ...earn more in GPS on page 483 Is the sweep in HOLD upper left annotation Is Recording or Playback Paused mid left annotation Is the Record or Playback Interval set too long Configuration settings How to Record a Session Press Trace 6 Then Record Playback SA Only Optionally set resolution points Learn how in Points on page 174 This can NOT be changed after a session is opened Then either New Session...

Страница 279: ...g Playback State Tag Allows you to continue playback from a state tag or scroll through the state tags Enter a value between 1 and the total number of state tags using the numeric keypad arrows or the rotary knob Active when playback is paused Learn more in About State and User Tags in About State and User Tags on page 277 Playback Trace Activated automatically when Paused Allows you to continue p...

Страница 280: ...e between 1s and 1 Ms million seconds using the numeric keypad arrows or the rotary knob When set a timer appears during recording in the lower left corner which counts DOWN from the specified time Record Source Sets where in the FieldFox data flow data is recorded Learn more in Record Source on page 282 Choose from the following RawMeas Records raw measurement data Trace 1 2 3 4 Records data from...

Страница 281: ...nt OFF When used with Record Time the timer counts down even when traces are not being recorded limits are not being exceeded Recording starts when a limit is exceeded and stops when the timer reaches 0 When used with Record Interval a trace is recorded when a limit is exceeded then no recordings during the specified wait interval then the next trace is recorded followed by another time delay and ...

Страница 282: ...1 Save Mask Saves the current mask to a file Recall Mask Loads a mask file Record Source For SA mode the simplest way to use Record Playback is to record RawMeas data which can then be played back into all of the current Trace States However for more complicated processing refer to the following diagrams These figures illustrate where in the FieldFox data flow data is recorded and played back Figu...

Страница 283: ...on By default trace sweeps are played back as fast as the trace can be drawn on the screen The following setting allows you to slow playback In addition you can manually scroll through individual traces using Playback Trace or scroll through State and User Tags using Playback State Tag Learn more in How to Playback a Session in How to Playback a Session on page 279 To slow playback of a session Re...

Страница 284: ...8 Sort Arrange the listing of sessions by Name by Date or by Size Delete After a confirmation prompt removes the contents of the selected session from the list Copy Copies the selected session to a different storage device or the same storage device with Copy n _ appended to the beginning of the name so that duplication is prevented Copy All Copies ALL of the listed sessions to a different storage...

Страница 285: ... end the recording This session can be played back into any Trace State For example Play the Max Hold recording into a Clear Write trace to see the data exactly as it was recorded Press Trace 6 then with Trace 1 and press State then Clr Wr Then Record Playback Then Play Play the Max Hold recording into a Max Hold trace to show the accumulation of Max Hold activity over the entire recording Press T...

Страница 286: ...286 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Interference Analyzer SA Mode Option 236 Record Playback SA Option ...

Страница 287: ...The FieldFox source is routed internally to Port 1 and used to stimulate a Device Under Test DUT The energy that is reflected off the DUT is measured and displayed on the screen Option 320 requires Option 220 Tracking Generator N9938A models require Option 100 3 5 mm connectors and Option 220 Option 100 3 5 mm connectors must be installed by the factory Option 100 is only available on N9938A at th...

Страница 288: ... measurements are CalReady Learn more in CalReady on page 121 In addition Normalization is available Learn how Normalize on page 290 However other calibration types are NOT offered In this Chapter How to select Reflection Mode on page 290 Measurement Selection on page 290 Normalize on page 290 ...

Страница 289: ...hey function in CAT mode Frequency Range on page 47 Scale Settings on page 47 Averaging on page 48 Single or Continuous Measure on page 49 Resolution Number of Data Points on page 50 Sweep Time on page 50 Output Power on page 51 Interference Rejection on page 51 All about Markers on page 446 All about Limit Lines on page 461 ...

Страница 290: ...own as SWR 1 port reflection measurement that displays the ratio of the maximum reflected voltage over the minimum reflected voltage The higher the trace is on the screen the more energy being reflected back to the FieldFox Normalize Normalization can be used to effectively Zero a trace which removes frequency response errors introduced by the components of the test setup before making the measure...

Страница 291: ...ace displays the current measurement with trace math applied The math operation symbol D M is displayed on the lower left corner of the screen Learn more about Trace Math in All about Trace Math on page 466 Data interpolation is NOT supported If the Resolution setting is changed with Trace Math enabled the FieldFox will disable the math operation ...

Страница 292: ...292 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Reflection Mode SA Models Option 320 Reflection Mode Settings ...

Страница 293: ...selectable frequency band A power sensor is NOT required In this Chapter See Also The following Built in Power Meter settings are identical to the standard Power Meter settings Frequency Span Step on page 295 Radio Standard on page 296 How to set Attenuation on page 296 Scale on page 303 Relative and Offset Power Measurements on page 304 Display Units on page 304 Averaging on page 305 Single or Co...

Страница 294: ...01 User s Guide Built in Power Meter Mode Option 310 Limits on page 306 The following Built in Power Meter settings are identical to SA Mode settings Radio Standard on page 296 How to Access Individual Alignments on page 181 ...

Страница 295: ...which power is detected and displayed The maximum measurement span is 100 MHz How to enter center frequency step size and span The default frequency is 50 MHz Press Freq Dist Then Center Then type a value using the numeric keypad Then press a multiplier key Learn about multiplier abbreviations Multiplier Abbreviations on page 41 The current frequency f is shown on the FieldFox screen Optionally us...

Страница 296: ...select a standard using the arrows or rotary knob and press Enter Attenuation The Attenuation setting controls the power level into the FieldFox To compare Built in Power Meter Mode measurements to SA Channel Power measurements use the same attenuation settings Built in Power Meter Mode defaults to 30 dB attenuation while SA mode defaults to 10 dB attention In Built in Power Meter the attenuation ...

Страница 297: ...gs are displayed on the FieldFox screen In this Chapter Supported Power Sensors on page 299 How to Connect the Power Sensor on page 299 Average Peak on page 301 Zeroing on page 301 Frequency on page 302 Source Control on page 302 Relative and Offset Power Measurements on page 304 Display Units on page 304 Resolution on page 304 Averaging on page 305 Single or Continuous Measure on page 305 ...

Страница 298: ...298 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Power Meter USB Mode Option 302 See Also Step Detection Mode on page 306 Limits on page 306 FOPS Settings on page 311 ...

Страница 299: ...ht USB Power Sensor features External Triggering Time Gated Burst Power Measurement Power Sweep Operation and Frequency Sweep Operation External Zeroing is NOT allowed on the U2020 X series Power Sensors Please refer to your USB Power Sensor User s Guide and observe the damage levels of your device IMPORTANT When a USB power sensor is initially connected to the FieldFox it may take 10 seconds for ...

Страница 300: ...eysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Power Meter USB Mode Option 302 No light indicates the FieldFox is not communicating with the power sensor This is the case when in Hold mode or when NOT in Power Meter Mode ...

Страница 301: ... switch Internal Zeroing does NOT require that the power source be turned OFF For highest measurement accuracy when measuring power levels below 30 dBm External Zeroing should be performed During External Zeroing the power source MUST be turned OFF or the power sensor disconnected from the power source device under test Power is OFF when power sensor measurements are below 60 dBm When power higher...

Страница 302: ...plier key Learn about multiplier abbreviations in Multiplier Abbreviations on page 41 The current frequency is shown on the FieldFox screen Source Control This feature may require an option on some FieldFox models With the FieldFox internal source enabled these settings allow you to make simple absolute power measurements The source and the power sensor can be physically separated by a long distan...

Страница 303: ... view measurements beyond these settings by performing Autoscale How to Scale the Power Meter Display Manually Press Scale Amptd Then choose from the following Scale Min Sets the low power level of the power meter display Type a number and select the units or press Enter This value is limited to 100 dBm Scale Max Sets the high power level of the power meter display Type a number and select the uni...

Страница 304: ... On When switched to ON the FieldFox measures and stores the current power level Subsequent power measurements display a power level which is relative to the stored value When relative is ON the units change from dBm to dB or from Watts to Offset Off On Toggles ON and OFF the displayed power level using the Offset value Offset Val Value by which the power meter display is offset A positive value c...

Страница 305: ...er of Power Meter readings to be averaged before a valid reading is displayed When the number is changed Averaging is automatically set to Man Single or Continuous Measure This setting determines whether the FieldFox measures continuously or only once each time the Single button is pressed Use Single to conserve battery power or to allow you to save or analyze a specific measurement This setting c...

Страница 306: ...oose from the following ON Enables step detection default setting OFF Disables step detection Limits In Power Meter Mode Minimum and Maximum limits set a visible range of acceptable readings between these two values Readings that are below the minimum or above the maximum are clearly visible on the power meter display How to set Limits Press Limit 8 Then choose from the following Min Limit OFF ON ...

Страница 307: ... installed you can send a signal with the FieldFox internal source at one frequency and measure this signal with a Keysight U Series USB Power Sensor at another frequency Figure 17 1 Display for FOPS In this Chapter How to select Power Meter USB Sensor on page 311 Measurement Selection on page 311 Sweep Type and Frequency on page 312 Power Sensor Settling on page 314 Sweep Settings on page 314 ...

Страница 308: ...308 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Frequency Offset Using Power Sensor FOPS Option 208 See Also Amplitude Markers on page 315 Trace Math on page 315 All about Trace Math on page 466 ...

Страница 309: ...ent The FieldFox source stimulates the DUT and the power sensor is used as the measurement receiver Since power sensors are inherently broadband devices not frequency selective it is your responsibility to ensure that ONLY the signal of interest is present at the power sensor input and that all others signals are filtered appropriately For some DUTs the output frequency may sweep in a reverse dire...

Страница 310: ...s Guide Frequency Offset Using Power Sensor FOPS Option 208 Overview The dynamic range with FOPS may be significantly different when using various power sensors In general the lower frequency range sensors have better dynamic range ...

Страница 311: ...ormalization cal this selection guides you through the following steps to make a measurement at the reference plane and then store the data trace into memory Connect the power sensor to the measurement reference plane This is the location to where power measurements are to be referenced For example to measure only the conversion loss through a converter attach the power sensor to the cable that co...

Страница 312: ...ing CW Used to make standard non offset power meter measurements at a single frequency Learn more in USB Power Meter Settings on page 301 Swept Used to make swept FOPS measurements Then enter source Src frequencies as either Center and Span or Start and Stop Both methods set the FieldFox internal source sweep range out the Port 1 RF Output connector The frequency limits are determined by the limit...

Страница 313: ... Sweep to select the receiver sweep direction Fwd Used for systems for which the output frequency is Offs Src The output frequency of the DUT and the receiver sweeps in the same direction as the source Rev Used for systems for which the output frequency is Offs Src The output frequency of the DUT and the receiver sweeps in reverse direction as compared to the source Invalid Settings Violations of ...

Страница 314: ... Tolerance of 0 will never be achieved so the Max Readings will always be made Press Enter Then Max Readings Enter a value between 1 and 20 using the numeric keypad the arrows or the rotary knob Press Enter Sweep Settings These settings provide added control of the FOPS measurement How to make additional sweep settings Press Sweep 3 Then choose from the following Power Setup Source Enable ON Turn ...

Страница 315: ... displayed ON Amplitude markers ARE displayed at their previous positions Then Ampl Mkr 1 or 2 Enter a value in dBm for the marker using the numeric keypad the arrows or the rotary knob Press Delta Ampl Mkr Then choose from the following ON AmplMkr 2 value is relative to AmplMkr 1 When AmplMkr 1 is moved AmplMkr 2 also moves to maintain the AmplMkr 2 value between them OFF The two amplitude marker...

Страница 316: ...316 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Frequency Offset Using Power Sensor FOPS Option 208 FOPS Settings ...

Страница 317: ...oring data from a train of pulses at the RF input This data is queried from the USB Power Sensor and displayed on the FieldFox screen You can then analyze the data using several selectable settings In this Chapter Supported Power Sensors on page 319 Measurement Selection on page 320 Frequency Time on page 320 Zoom Window on page 321 Scale on page 322 Averaging on page 322 Video Bandwidth on page 3...

Страница 318: ...Accurate Radar Pulse Measurements http literature cdn keysight com litweb pdf 5991 0434EN pdf Triggering on page 324 Marker Settings on page 327 Amplitude Markers on page 328 How to Search with Markers on page 328 How to enable Auto Analysis on page 330 Pulse Top on page 330 Grid on page 330 Trace Memory on page 330 Many of the features included with the FieldFox Pulse Measurements Mode are discus...

Страница 319: ...ed to the bottom USB port for Pulse Measurement Mode How to Connect the Power Sensor Connect your Power Sensor to one of the FieldFox USB ports A sequence of status lights are displayed on the base of the power sensor Green blinking light indicates the power sensor is communicating or self tests are being performed Because the FieldFox is usually communicating with the power sensor when it is conn...

Страница 320: ...r display Peak Peak power Meter display Pk to Avg Displays the difference between the above two measurements Meter display Trace Graph default The primary trace Tr 1 plots pulse data in amplitude versus time Optionally you can enable a secondary zoom trace Learn how in Zoom Window on page 321 When a Meter display measurement is selected the following Pulse Measurement Mode settings are identical t...

Страница 321: ...he sensor detects a pulse signal or T zero Follow each by entering a value using the numeric keypad the arrows or the rotary knob After using the keypad select a multiplier key Learn about multiplier abbreviations Zoom Window When Trace Graph is selected as the measurement a secondary Zoom Trace can be used to view a zoomed portion of Tr 1 When Zoom Window is ON blue vertical posts appear on Tr 1 ...

Страница 322: ...cale acquisition and Reference Position Scale Manually enter a scale per division to view specific areas of the trace Ref Level Manually set the value of the reference line Enter a negative value by pressing Run Hold either before or after typing a value Ref Pos Manually set the position of the reference line Values must be between 0 TOP line and 10 BOTTOM line Offset ON Enable Offset When only tr...

Страница 323: ...e response filter within the USB Power Sensor The filter setting affects the appearance of the trace results Video Bandwidth is allowed for all pulse measurements How to set Video Bandwidth Press BW 2 Then Video Bandwidth Then choose from the following Off Video Bandwidth is disabled Low Similar to a low pass filter ripple in the pass band is minimized but allows higher side lobes on the filter sk...

Страница 324: ...ead by the FieldFox and plotted across the X axis to form a trace More data points increases measurement resolution However more data points requires more time to acquire query and plot How to set Resolution Press Sweep 3 Then Resolution Then choose from the following Low 240 data points Medium 1000 data points High Calculated value approximately 8000 data points Triggering For pulse measurements ...

Страница 325: ...initiates data acquisition Press Sweep 3 Then Trigger Then Trigger Edge Then choose from the following Pos Acquisition is triggered by the rising positive edge of a valid signal Neg Acquisition is triggered by the falling negative edge of a valid signal Trigger Delay After a valid trigger signal is received at the USB Power Sensor data acquisition begins after the specified Trigger Delay time PLUS...

Страница 326: ... avoid triggering on false pulses and to aid in stabilizing the power trace The qualification time defines the time the signal has to remain below the trigger threshold before a transition through the threshold will qualify as a trigger This can help stabilize a power trace particularly with digitally modulated pulses that may have many transitions through the trigger threshold By setting the qual...

Страница 327: ...re Trig Level 10 dBm Trig Type Int Pos Slope Delay Marker Settings Markers are not allowed with Meter style measurements Markers are displayed on Tr 1 and also on the zoom trace if the marker is within the zoom window time span Up to six standard markers can be used to provide readouts of the Y axis amplitude at the current X axis location The six standard markers can also be used as Delta Markers...

Страница 328: ...revious positions Then Ampl Mkr 1 or 2 Enter a value in dBm for the marker using the numeric keypad the arrows or the rotary knob Press Delta Ampl Mkr Then choose from the following ON AmplMkr 2 value is relative to AmplMkr 1 When AmplMkr 1 is moved AmplMkr 2 also moves to maintain the AmplMkr 2 value between them OFF The two amplitude markers move independent of one another Marker Search Use Mark...

Страница 329: ...nd Fall time in Marker Search uses different criteria than in Auto Analysis and will therefore result in different reported values 1 Average Power Average power level of all measured data points 2 Peak Power Highest reading of all measured data points 3 Peak minus Average Difference between the above two results 4 Pulse Top Power value based on the specified Pulse Top setting 5 Rise Time The time ...

Страница 330: ...nt value between 0 and 100 using the numeric keypad the arrows or the rotary knob When set to 10 10 dB down from the 100 acquisition is reported When set to 50 3 dB down from the 100 acquisition is reported When set to 90 0 5 dB down from the 100 acquisition is reported Grid Enables and disables the display of a 10 x 10 grid on the FieldFox screen How to enable Grid display Press Mkr Tools Then Gr...

Страница 331: ...emory traces Press Trace 6 Then Trace Memory Then Data Mem to store the current live trace into memory A beep sounds to confirm the data trace has been saved to memory There is no display annotation that indicates that the memory trace has been stored Press Data to view only the data trace Press Memory to view only the memory trace Press Data Memory to view both the live trace and the stored memor...

Страница 332: ...332 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Pulse Measurements Mode Option 330 Pulse Measurement Settings ...

Страница 333: ...asurement displays the electrical length in both Magnitude and Phase Figure 19 1 Display for the 1 Port Cable Trimming measurement In this Chapter Overview on page 335 Measurement Selection on page 336 Frequency Selection on page 336 Display Resolution on page 336 IF Bandwidth on page 337 Output Power on page 337 Averaging on page 338 Single or Continuous Measure on page 339 VVM Calibration on pag...

Страница 334: ...ysight N9927 90001 User s Guide VVM Vector Voltmeter Mode Option 308 Procedures 1 Port Cable Trimming Measurements on page 341 2 Port Transmission Measurements on page 343 A B and B A Measurements on page 345 ...

Страница 335: ...e the electrical length of a DUT or cable to be trimmed Separate paths are used to measure the Incident signal A and Reflected signal B To measure the ratio of the Reflected Incident signals you were required to select B A for both the Magnitude and Phase display In the FieldFox the source and directional coupler are inside the instrument This allows you to connect the DUT to ONLY the FieldFox POR...

Страница 336: ...easurement in 2 Port Transmission Measurements on page 343 B A and A B 2 port ratioed receiver measurements using external sources Learn more in A B and B A Measurements on page 345 Frequency Selection How to set Frequency Press Freq Dist Then Frequency Enter a value using the numeric keypad the arrows or the rotary knob After using the arrows or the rotary knob press Enter The increment setting o...

Страница 337: ...10 kHz 100 kHz More 30 Hz 300 Hz 3 kHz 30 kHz Output Power Set the power level out of the FieldFox to High Low or manually set power level to a value between High and Low Generally the high power setting is used when measuring passive high loss devices to place the signal farther from the noise floor However for devices that are sensitive to high power levels such as amplifiers use the Low power s...

Страница 338: ... over several consecutive readings Average count determines the number of readings to average The higher the average count the greater the amount of noise reduction An average counter is shown in the left edge of the screen as Avg N This shows the number of previous readings that have been averaged together When the counter reaches the specified count then a running average of the last N readings ...

Страница 339: ...attery power is not critical You can also use Run Hold to toggle between Single and Continuous VVM Calibration CalReady is accurate for most zeroed VVM measurements at frequencies below about 6 GHz For the very highest accuracy especially above 6 GHz then perform a QuickCal or Mechanical Cal Learn more in How to Perform a Calibration on page 121 Press Zero OFF before calibrating sets Zero to OFF Z...

Страница 340: ...Learn more in 2 Port Transmission Measurements on page 343 Press Zero OFF before performing a QuickCal or Mechanical Cal sets Zero to OFF How to select Zeroing Press Meas Setup 4 Then Zero Ref Open select to display Phase 0 0 Deg when zeroed Short select to display Phase 180 0 Deg when zeroed Then Zero ON Select Zero OFF to turn zeroing off QuickCal is only available on N991xA 2xA 3xA models ...

Страница 341: ...optional Measurement Verification procedure a Connect a short standard to PORT 1 where cables to be trimmed will be connected b Press Meas Setup 4 and press Zero c Remove the short standard and connect the open standard d Confirm that magnitude measurement is less than 0 1 dB and that the phase value reads 180 degrees 7 Attach the shortest cable to the FieldFox PORT 1 connector This cable is the r...

Страница 342: ...or 11 Observe the displayed phase difference between the reference cable and the untrimmed cable 12 Carefully trim the cable until the phase shift reads zero The attached cable s electrical length is now matched to the reference cable 13 Repeat steps 10 through 12 for the remaining cables to be trimmed The VVM phase reading shows a maximum of 180 Therefore the electrical length of the untrimmed ca...

Страница 343: ...urement of an amplifier How to make a 2 Port Transmission Measurement 1 Press Mode then VVM then 2 Port Transmission 2 Press Freq Dist and enter the measurement frequency 3 Press Meas Setup 4 then More then Output Power Select High for passive devices Select Low for amplifiers 4 Calibrate the FieldFox using one of the methods described in VVM Calibration on page 339 Before performing a QuickCal or...

Страница 344: ...sight N9927 90001 User s Guide VVM Vector Voltmeter Mode Option 308 2 Port Transmission Measurements To measure isolation of the amplifier reverse the connection to the amplifier PORT 1 to the amplifier output ...

Страница 345: ...rocedure 1 Connect the external source s frequency reference output to the FieldFox Freq Ref IN on the top panel If you are unable to use a common frequency reference then increase the IFBW to ensure you are measuring the peak of the correct signal After locating and tuning to the signal you may be able to lower the IFBW to reduce noise 2 On the FieldFox select System 7 then System Configuration t...

Страница 346: ...346 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide VVM Vector Voltmeter Mode Option 308 A B and B A Measurements ...

Страница 347: ...asurements One unit is the source and the other unit is the Receiver In this Chapter Overview on page 348 Requirements and Limitations on page 349 Start Connection Wizard on page 350 Configure Measurement Settings on page 354 Select Measurement on page 354 Normalize on page 355 Source Tracking Offset and Offset Reversal on page 355 Improve Dynamic Range on page 356 Source Enable and Source Mode on...

Страница 348: ...unit responds as follower supplying signal at the DUT input The two units possibly separated by hundreds of meters step together through the selected frequency range making measurements such as long cable characterization With a power splitter at the Source unit the SA Receiver can be used to measure the reference signal to make a true B R ratio measurement Because the reference trace is updated o...

Страница 349: ...tion 209 Channel Measurements Tune and Listen Interference Analysis Radio Standards and Sweep Triggering The following SA features are disabled during partnership synchronization Video BW SwpAcquisition Frequency Count Record Playback and certain Amplitude Units The only keystrokes allowed on the Source unit are Send Text Message and Exit When you change network connections it may take up to 2 min...

Страница 350: ...tart when ready Press Start At any step press Exit to end the wizard STEP 2 Connect Trigger and LAN cables LAN Connect a LAN cable to each unit The units can either both be connected to the internet on the same network through a switch or router or they can be connected directly to each other a crossover cable may be necessary Trigger signals On each unit connect the Ref Trig Out SMB m connector o...

Страница 351: ...P address of the Source unit If 10 10 10 1 appears then NO FieldFox units were found The LAN setting Obtain IP Address using MUST be set to DCHP Learn more in LAN Settings on page 497 Also be sure that Opt 209 has been installed correctly on the Source unit Press Continue STEP 4 Test Partnership Press Test Partnership If the Source unit is NOT already in ERTA mode it will be started which may take...

Страница 352: ...een the DUT output and the Receiver unit Figure 20 1 Input and Output jumper cables are measured on the Receiver unit If your DUT input AND output is connected directly to the FieldFox or you choose to ignore the loss of BOTH jumper cables then press Skip this step Otherwise press Measure Jumper Cables Do the following for both the Input and Output jumper cables Press Skip this step to skip the ca...

Страница 353: ...tion 209 Start Connection Wizard Press Re measure or Continue Press Apply Corrections ON to remove the jumper cables from subsequent DUT measurements Press Done to exit the Connection Wizard On the Receiver unit press LEAD ERTA Partnership The Source unit enters ERTA mode as the follower ...

Страница 354: ...y are all configured as Clear Write Press Meas 1 then choose one or more of the following Figure 20 2 Input power Output power and gain measurement traces To change the trace numbers of these three measurements or to select a trace state other than Clear Write press Trace 6 Softkey Shown on screen Description Input Power R 2 w r R receiver Reference power measured by the Source unit before enterin...

Страница 355: ... any of these settings change Normalize is deactivated How to Normalize the B trace Press Meas Setup 4 Then Remote Source Then Normalize ON Source Tracking Offset and Offset Reversal Source offset tracking is used to offset the Source frequency from the Receiver frequency by a fixed offset at every tune frequency This feature is used when the DUT contains a frequency converter How to set Tracking ...

Страница 356: ... dB then turn the Preamp ON Learn how in Preamplifier Control Opt 235 on page 153 Decrease the Res BW Learn how in Resolution Bandwidth Res BW on page 163 Set Frequency Reference to GPS on both units This requires Option 307 Built in GPS and two GPS antennae The GPS reference can be enabled for several sweeps Then if you move to a location without an adequate GPS signal Hold over Mode will occur L...

Страница 357: ...cs enables you to make the following measurements And can be enabled disabled simultaneously with Tune and Listen Overview of Measurement Types If you are familiar with the AM FM measurements and terms skip to How to Set Up AM FM Metrics on page 360 The FieldFox assumes you have manually set up the CF span and amplitude settings Refer to Chapter 9 SA Spectrum Analyzer Mode Using AM FM Metrics on p...

Страница 358: ...oise component in the total unwanted signal It helps the user to troubleshoot the root causes of modulation distortion S Signal Power D N Noise THD D N S D N RF spectrum of the modulated signal This is the most traditional spectrum analyzer measurement viewing the modulated carrier signal power in frequency domain Prior to being modulated the signal power of a sinusoidal carrier concentrates at th...

Страница 359: ...n to which the baseband signal modulates the carrier signal The quantity being measured is the peak frequency deviation that is the maximum frequency excursion from the carrier frequency Carrier power This measures the power of the carrier signal without the modulation Ideally power for a sinusoidal carrier signal is concentrated around its carrier frequency Table 21 1 Measurement Details ...

Страница 360: ...Dist Center to set the carrier frequency Set Freq Span so that all sidebands above 60 dB are displayed in the left window Optionally adjust the Res BW to better identify side bands Metrics are displayed in the AM FM Modulation Metrics table on the FieldFox For AM and FM Metrics examples refer to Figure 21 1 through Figure 21 8 on page 369 Selecting FM Wide vs FM Narrow does not effect the displaye...

Страница 361: ...Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide 361 AM FM Metrics SA Only and Option 355 Using AM FM Metrics Figure 21 1 AM Metrics Example 1 ...

Страница 362: ...362 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide AM FM Metrics SA Only and Option 355 Using AM FM Metrics Figure 21 2 AM Metrics Example 2 ...

Страница 363: ...Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide 363 AM FM Metrics SA Only and Option 355 Using AM FM Metrics Figure 21 3 FM Metrics Wide band Example ...

Страница 364: ...not displayed Refer to Figure 21 4 on page 364 The FFT waveform is used to calculate SINAD and THD distortion metrics The fundamental signal harmonics and noise from 0 Hz to 24 kHz are applied to the formulas Refer to Figure 21 5 on page 365 For more on calculations refer to Overview of Measurement Types on page 357 See also http literature cdn keysight com litweb pdf 5991 4913EN pdf Figure 21 4 A...

Страница 365: ...Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide 365 AM FM Metrics SA Only and Option 355 SINAD and THD Calculations Figure 21 5 SINAD and THD Results Example 1 ...

Страница 366: ...366 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide AM FM Metrics SA Only and Option 355 SINAD and THD Calculations Figure 21 6 SINAD and THD Results Example 2 ...

Страница 367: ...ion discusses possible AM FM Metrics error messages and how to correct them Test Tone Not Found A Test Tone Not Found message is displayed under the following circumstances FieldFox frequency span is too wide No side lobes are displayed in the results Refer to the examples in Test Tone Not Found Example on page 368 and Test Tone Not Found Corrected Example on page 369 ...

Страница 368: ...ics Error Messages Test Tone Not Found Example The following response had the following settings Source CF 140 MHz FM Deviation 18 kHz Modulation Rate 1 kHz Reasons for error Frequency span of 1 0 MHz is too wide No side lobes displayed so test tone not found Figure 21 7 Test Tone Not Found Example ...

Страница 369: ...requency span of 50 kHz Ideally the frequency span should show the modulation envelope down to 60 dB below the RF power level Response corrected because Narrowing the frequency span enables the modulation envelope s side lobes to be identified FM algorithm identifies the side lobes The algorithm matches the modulation envelope to the mathematically calculated FM modulation or distortion patterns F...

Страница 370: ...370 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide AM FM Metrics SA Only and Option 355 Interpreting AM FM Metrics Error Messages ...

Страница 371: ...nel power vs frequency for up to 20 channels simultaneously Six Display Types Bar graph vertical display orientation Bar graph horizontal display orientation Channel Power Strip Chart Strip Chart and Overlay Scan Listen Color Coded Display Types Specify high and low power with color bars Flexible Data Sorting Sort results displayed by power or frequency low to high or high to low Data Logging Reco...

Страница 372: ...er to How to Define a Channel and Use Channel Scanner 1 Define some channels refer to How to Define a Channel and Use Channel Scanner a Select a Scan Mode choose Range Specify total channels channel spacing or Custom List Specify a list of channels from an editor b Then modify channels based on the selected scan mode 2 Select Display Type choose Bar ChartV or Bar ChartH or Channel Pow or Strip Cha...

Страница 373: ...l Time Time Interval Distance Interval and or Auto Save default is On 5 Then select the User Folder and save to KML or CSV file Save Recall Rec Playback Then User Folder Def System Def Sets the default User Folder path List files csv and kml are save recalled to CurrentDevice ChannelScanner ChannelS canner RecordPlayback Record Play files are save recalled to CurrentDevice ChannelScanner ChannelS ...

Страница 374: ...Frequency span is set automatically to 1 5 x Integration BW Power is measured over the Integration BW Using Channel Scanner refer to Step 1A Scan Mode Range Channel Defined on page 375 or Step 1B Scan Mode Custom List Channel Defined on page 376 Then Step 2 Select Display Type on page 377 Step 3 Modify Scale and the Display Color Bar Settings on page 381 Step 4 Enable Data Logging and Record Resul...

Страница 375: ...on 312 How to Set Up Channel Scanner Figure 22 2 Channel Definition Step 1A Scan Mode Range Channel Defined 1 Define some channels Press Measure Scan Mode Range 2 Press Edit Range and modify table items Total Channels Search Count Start Channel CF CF Step Size ...

Страница 376: ...Scanner Figure 22 3 Range Table Settings 3 Press Done Step 1B Scan Mode Custom List Channel Defined 1 Define some channels Press Measure Scan Mode Custom List 2 Press Edit Custom List and modify table items Add table rows Then for each row Edit Center Frequency CF Edit Integration BW IBW ...

Страница 377: ... Save Recall List Save List to save a custom list See also How to use the FieldFox labeler on page 508 Step 2 Select Display Type Select one of the following display orientations Select Display Type choose Bar ChartV or Bar ChartH or Channel Pow or Strip Chart or Chart Overlay or Scan Listen Press Recall List to bring back a previously stored custom list ...

Страница 378: ...378 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Channel Scanner Option 312 How to Set Up Channel Scanner Figure 22 5 Bar Chart Vertical Display Type Figure 22 6 Bar Chart Horizontal Display Type ...

Страница 379: ...Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide 379 Channel Scanner Option 312 How to Set Up Channel Scanner Figure 22 7 Channel Power Display Type Figure 22 8 Strip Chart Display Type ...

Страница 380: ...380 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Channel Scanner Option 312 How to Set Up Channel Scanner Figure 22 9 Strip Chart Overlay Display Type Figure 22 10 Scan Listen Display Type ...

Страница 381: ...olors to low and high power values 1 Press Scale Amptd Red Limit to set high power values and to set the color 2 Press Blue Limit to set low power values and to set the color 3 And then press System Display Display Colors to set Indoor Outdoor or other display colors See also Chapter 22 Channel Scanner Option 312 on page 371 Figure 22 11 Outdoor Display Colors ...

Страница 382: ...s including timestamps and or distance stamps Timestamps are included in log files with or without GPS GPS must be enabled for log results to include distance stamps Data results can be logged Data results can be saved to a CSV or KML file Refer to Save 5 Save the Log Results on page 384 User specifies how often results are stored Time Store results every n seconds Distance Store results every n m...

Страница 383: ...ttings Auto Save On Off 6 When done press Stop or Esc The files save dialog is displayed Edit the file name where the file results will be stored 7 Press Done 8 Press Back Playing a Recorded Log and Viewing the Spectrogram To play the log results 1 PressRData Logginge Play 2 Then choose Optional Use the RPG fine adjust or the arrow keys coarse adjust to change the color bar Position to change the ...

Страница 384: ...format can be imported into spreadsheet applications 1 Press Save Recall Rec Playback File Type CSV or KLM Back 2 To begin recording Press Record Measurements are stored automatically according to the specified time or distance interval values 3 When done press Stop The files save dialog is displayed Edit the file name where the file results will be stored 4 Press Done 5 Optional Auto Save ON defa...

Страница 385: ...Earth Time Slider appears in upper left of the map Manual Mode Move the time slider cursor to see color coded icons pop up according to the timestamp Loop mode has a Fast Slow Replay Option Click on each color coded balloon to see the table of measurement results for that location Figure 22 13 Importing a KML File Into Google Earth ...

Страница 386: ...to the FieldFox The Field Strength feature allows you to enter the frequency response of the receiving antenna the Antenna Factor and associated cabling and then have amplitude corrections automatically compensate the displayed trace for that response Figure 22 14 Overview of Field Strength for Channel Scanner See also Figure 22 15 on page 387 FieldFox Field Strength Channel Scanner Refer to Figur...

Страница 387: ...Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide 387 Channel Scanner Option 312 How to Set Up Channel Scanner Figure 22 15 Editing Antenna Units See also Figure 22 14 on page 386 ...

Страница 388: ...wer marker to measure total power over a range of frequencies Learn how in Band Interval Power Marker on page 187 How to select and edit corrections for Field Strength measurements The Antenna and Cable correction data survives a Mode Preset and Preset All Correction ON OFF states survive a Mode Preset but NOT a Preset Press Scale Amptd Then More Then Corrections Then choose from the following App...

Страница 389: ...ion ON or OFF for this Antenna Cable Edit Antenna Cable Edit an Antenna Cable Correction table See Using the Antenna Cable Editor below for more information New Create a new Antenna Cable See Using the Antenna Cable Editor below for more information Save Antenna Cable Save the modified Antenna Cable to a file on the specified Storage Device Recall Antenna Cable Read an existing Antenna Cable file ...

Страница 390: ...390 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Channel Scanner Option 312 How to Set Up Channel Scanner Figure 22 17 Apply Corrections ON ...

Страница 391: ...able Editor The Antenna Editor and the Cable Editor menus are very similar Both tables include header information and a Frequency Value table In any correspondence or telephone conversation refer to the product by its model number and full serial number With this information the Keysight representative can determine the warranty status of your unit ...

Страница 392: ...he antenna or cable correction table This is NOT the filename used to save the file Antenna Unit Rcvr side Antennas only Units in which the measurement will be displayed Select NONE default setting to select from standard Channel Scanner Units on the Scale menu Learn how in Scale and Units on page 151 Choose from dB μV m dB micro Volts per meter dB μA m dB micro Amps per meter dBG gauss dBpT tesla...

Страница 393: ...ult settings When the table edits are complete Press Done to close the Antenna Cable Editor Press Save Antenna or Save Cable to save your changes to the specified Storage Device Enter a filename using the FieldFox labeler learn more in How to use the FieldFox labeler on page 508 Learn more about Antenna and Cable files below Press Recall Antenna or Recall Cable to load an Antenna or Cable file fro...

Страница 394: ...k software How to create a Cable file from an S21 NA mode or an Insertion Loss CAT mode measurement 1 Measure the S21 or Insertion Loss of a cable In NA mode select either LogMag Linear or VSWR formats 2 Use Manage Folders to change the active folder to CABLES Learn how in Manage Folders on page 516 3 While in NA mode save the measurement as a csv file Learn how in How to Save a File on page 506 4...

Страница 395: ...ange the FieldFox mode to Noise Figure the FieldFox displays the following message for ten seconds Ensure your Noise Source is connected to the VVS DC Output It VVS will be driven up to 28V during the measurement Noise figure requires these options Spectrum analyzer mode Option 233 Combination Analyzers Only Preamplifier Option 235 DC variable voltage source Option 309 Noise source Refer to https ...

Страница 396: ...2 Only Figure 23 1 Example of Jitter Uncertainty 21 points with Uncertainty Bars Learn more in How to use Auto Integration on page 436 Figure 23 2 Example of Jitter Uncertainty 21 points with Uncertainty Bars Disabled Learn more in How to use Auto Integration on page 436 ...

Страница 397: ... 422 Points on page 422 Alignments on page 423 Calculating Noise Figure Measurement Uncertainty on page 424 Using ENR Tables on page 429 About ENR enr Preamplifier amp and DUT dut Files on page 430 Using Markers Noise Figure on page 432 Calibration Wizard on page 433 How to use Auto Integration on page 436 Other Features Available on page 442 Troubleshooting on page 443 All about Markers on page 4...

Страница 398: ...tor technique to accurately verify and characterize the noise figure of devices Option 356 has these features Five Measurement Types Noise Figure Noise Factor Gain Noise Temperature Y Factor Four Measurement Setup Types Noise Source DUT Integration Uncertainty Four Pre configured DUT Measurement Types Amplifier Downconverter Upconverter Multi Stage Converter Uncertainty Contribution Values can be ...

Страница 399: ...point caret shows last point measured 1 Variable Voltage Source VVS Status line appears when the VVS status line is turned on in the system menu Refer to Variable Voltage Source Opt 309 on page 494 2 Uncertainty status annotation displayed when the uncertainty bars are enabled 3 Questionable Amplitude annotation displayed when the Amplitude Alignment is stale 4 External Reference annotation displa...

Страница 400: ... are moved from the left of the traces to the bottom of the traces 1 No Cal No calibration applied 2 Rcvr Cal Only receiver calibration applied 3 User Cal Receiver Cal User Cal applied but User Cal is interpolated the calibration frequency points do not match up with sweep frequency points 4 User Cal Receiver cal User Cal applied and User Cal is not interpolated the calibration frequency points ma...

Страница 401: ...selected the value is the current spot ENR Uncertainty Status annotation Only displayed when the Uncertainty bars have been enabled 1 Uncertainty Bars are disabled 2 Unc Uncertainty bars are enabled and uncertainty values are questionable not all uncertainty contributions are turned on or one or more of the contributions was calculated to be 0 00 based on the ENR DUT and Preamp uncertainty values ...

Страница 402: ...sing ENR Tables on page 429 Using Markers Noise Figure on page 432 Example Typical Noise Figure Measurement Procedure This section briefly reviews the steps in setting up a noise figure measurement If you are not familiar with this process or would like more information refer to Overview of Softkey Menus on page 403 and How to Use DUT Measurement Setups on page 410 1 Set up a Noise Source ENR Tabl...

Страница 403: ...tainty Uncert Contributions to Enable Disable Uncertainty Contributions Jitter Uncert OFF ON ENR Uncert OFF ON Mismatch Uncert OFF ON User Cal Uncert OFF ON applies the current User Cal uncertainty to the current measurement s uncertainty calculations and Then Back Uncert Bars to ON Overview of Softkey Menus This sections describes the Noise Figure s Measure Measure Setup softkeys and related sub ...

Страница 404: ...fixed frequency The single spot value is used either for measurements at a single frequency or for measurements across a range of frequencies that is narrow enough such that the ENR value does not change significantly across that range Default is Table ENR Spot Values Opens a menu to enter a spot value either for measurements at a single frequency or for measurements across a range of frequencies ...

Страница 405: ...s are populated for quick check Enter your noise source s values for more accurate measurements New ENR Table opens a new ENR table for entering and saving additional noise source values Save ENR Table Opens a menu of softkeys to enable you to enter a unique noise source filename Recall ENR Table Opens a menu of file recall softkeys and displays a list of stored noise source files Storage Device I...

Страница 406: ...mperatures you can set the Tcold value in Kelvin K manually User When set to Default the Tcold value is set to the 296 5 K Default Default Back to return to previous menu DUT or Opens a menu of softkeys to define your DUT Type Amplifier Downconverter Upconverter or Multi Stage Converter frequency context and loss compensation Refer to How to Use DUT Measurement Setups on page 410 ...

Страница 407: ... is measured at a given point to attempt to reach the Jitter Goal value i e the measurement time per point is automatically adjusted to the minimum time required but will never exceed the displayed Max Time Pt After this time values in excess of the jitter Goal value trigger the Jitter Warning Jitter Warning Enables Disables the Jitter Warning The Jitter Warning displays when the Jitter value exce...

Страница 408: ...ctive when DUT Mode Table Then choose Import DUT Data Opens a menu of softkeys where you can select a DUT csv or snp data file to import into your table Then choose Recall File Sort by File Name Sort by Date Next Page Previous Page or Cancel Edit DUT Data Opens a menu of softkeys where you can edit the current selected DUT table data file e g serial number model number Γ Spec Style Γ Distribution ...

Страница 409: ...UT Mode to either Spot default or Table Then choose Preamp Mode Set to Spot default or to Table For Preamp MODE Spot choose Preamp Spot Values Only active when DUT Mode Spot Refer to similar DUT Spot Values Only active when DUT Mode Spot on page 408 Back to return to previous menu Preamp Table Edit Save Recall Only active when Preamp Mode Table Refer to similar DUT Table Edit Save Recall Only acti...

Страница 410: ...s four predefined measurement setups Amplifier Downconverter Upconverter Multi Stage Converter Refer to Using Measure Setup to Choose DUT Type on page 410 Each of the four measurements has frequency context and loss compensation softkeys that can used to optimize the DUT s noise figure measurement Refer to DUT Type and Frequency Context on page 415 and to DUT Type Loss Compensation on page 420 Usi...

Страница 411: ...p DUT parameters without an external preamplifier LNA Type Amplifier DUT displays does not display LO if not frequency converting Displays preamp LNA if User Cal is available See next image this figure Used for setting up DUT parameters with an external preamplifier LNA DUT Measurement Setup Type Amplifier DUT Measurement Setup Type Amplifier with External Amplifier LNA and User Calibration ...

Страница 412: ...rms internal frequency downconversion converts RF down to IF Sideband LSB Lower Sideband available for downconverter and upconverter USB Upper Sideband available for downconverter and upconverter DSB Double Sideband available for downconverter averages LSB and USB ENR values DUT Measurement Setup Type Downconverter Used for setting up DUT parameters with an external preamp DUT Measurement Setup Ty...

Страница 413: ...nal frequency upconversion technically converts IF up to RF but for this case RF always DUT In and IF always DUT Out and so converts RF up to IF Sideband LSB Lower Sideband available for downconverter and upconverter USB Upper Sideband available for downconverter and upconverter Used for setting up DUT parameters with an external preamp DUT Measurement Setup Type Upconverter DUT Measurement Setup ...

Страница 414: ...Converter Screen Used for setting up DUT parameters Type Multi Stage Converter Multi Stage Converter Performs multi stage frequency conversion converts RF down up to IF DUT Measurement Setup Type Multi Stage Converter Used for setting up DUT parameters with preamp and User Cal DUT Measurement Setup Type Multi Stage Converter with External Preamp LNA and User Calibration ...

Страница 415: ...se figure measurements RF DUT In Start Stop Center Span Freq Context Inactive for Amplifier RF IF LO Inactive for Amplifier IF DUT Out Inactive for Amplifier Start Stop Center Span This section contains the following Setting Meas Setup DUT Next RF OUT in see Figure 23 12 on page 416 Setting Meas Setup DUT Next IF DUT Out see Figure 23 13 on page 417 Setting Meas Setup DUT Freq Context IF see Figur...

Страница 416: ...ies Refer to Frequency Range and Frequency Context on page 419 Figure 23 12 DUT Type Amplifier and Multi Stage Converter RF DUT In Frequency Context Used for setting up Start Stop Center and Span frequency context for a DUT Type Amplifier and Multi Stage Converter Set the frequency context based on the DUT Type Enter the RF DUT In values for Start Stop Center and Span frequencies DUT Measurement S...

Страница 417: ...ange and Frequency Context on page 419 Figure 23 13 DUT Type Downconverter Upconverter and Multi Stage Converter IF DUT Out Frequency Context Inactive for Type Amplifier Used for setting up Start Stop Center and Span frequency context for a DUT Type Downconverter Upconverter and Multi Stage Converter Set the frequency context based on the DUT Type Enter the RF DUT In values for Start Stop Center a...

Страница 418: ...values Refer to Frequency Range and Frequency Context on page 419 Figure 23 14 DUT Type Downconverter Upconverter and Multi Stage Converter Freq Context IF or RF Inactive for Type Amplifier Used for setting up frequency context for a DUT Type Downconverter Upconverter and Multi Stage Converter Set the frequency context based on the DUT Type Enter the frequency context IF default or RF DUT Measurem...

Страница 419: ...on page 138 How to set Frequency Range and Frequency Context Press Freq Dist Measurement or for Frequency Context Press Meas Setup DUT RF DUT In and IF DUT Out Then choose from the following Start and Stop frequencies beginning and end of the sweep Center and Span frequencies the center frequency and span of frequencies half on either side of center Follow each setting by entering a value using th...

Страница 420: ...ed or disabled for loss and for temperature Loss compensation can be used to compensate for double sidebands DSB Loss compensation can be used in the case of DSB measurements to compensate for the doubling of the measured noise level i e 3 01 dB increase For all sideband cases you can enable or disable Loss device loss and Temperature device temperature Refer to Figure 23 16 on page 421 This secti...

Страница 421: ...16 DUT Loss Compensation Used for setting up loss compensation for a DUT Type Amplifier Downconverter Upconverter and Multi Stage Converter Loss compensation can be set before and after the DUT Enable or disable the Loss device loss and the temperature device temperature DUT Measurement Setup Type Amplifier Downconverter Upconverter and Multi Stage Converter ...

Страница 422: ...for making measurements Each Run Hold press causes NF to toggle between continuous sweep and Hold OFF Causes NF to Hold Each Run Hold or Single press causes NF to make ONE sweep then Hold The Hold annotation changes to an arrow while the sweep occurs Single Automatically sets Continuous OFF and causes NF to make ONE sweep then Hold Restart Resets the sweep to the current defined start frequency po...

Страница 423: ...es BW better noise measurement and faster measurement time How to set Res BW Press BW 2 Then Res BW Then choose from the following 300 KHz 1 MHz 3 MHz 5 MHz Press the desired resolution bandwidth The current Res BW setting is shown at the bottom of the screen This setting could impact the accuracy of the measurement See Specifications in http literature cdn keysight com litweb pdf 5990 9783EN pdf ...

Страница 424: ... e due to the internal reference switch Other possible causes of uncertainty that are not included in the uncertainty analysis are temperature drift of the following DUT Noise source or Preamplifier Refer to ENR Using ENR Tables on page 429 Reverse noise wave generation by the DUT or preamplifier All amplifiers including the DUT and preamplifiers used in the noise figure measurement are active dev...

Страница 425: ...phonic behavior etcetera Any instability in the DUT will cause unaccounted noise measurement uncertainties Entering Uncertainty Information In addition to information gathered during the measurement the following information must be provided by the user in order to determine the noise measurement uncertainty DUT Reflection Coefficient For this section see also Overview of Softkey Menus on page 403...

Страница 426: ... represents the largest possible reflection coefficient for the population of devices to which the DUT belongs This is true for does not exceed specifications Fixed Use this if the value is a measured value for the DUT Median Mean Use this if this value represents the median mean reflection coefficient for the population of devices to which the DUT belongs 95th ile Use this if 95 of the population...

Страница 427: ...σ which means that 95 of the time the actual ENR is within the range of ENR ENR Uncertainty Preamplifier Reflection Coefficients User Calibration Only For this section see also Overview of Softkey Menus on page 403 Uncertainty Preamp on page 409 When a user calibration is performed the Preamplifier Reflection Coefficient values may be imported to a Preamp table from snp or csv files entered by edi...

Страница 428: ...Uncertainty Calculation and Display For this section see also Overview of Softkey Menus on page 403 Uncertainty Uncert Contributions on page 409 When enabled uncertainty bars are displayed on the data trace indicating the uncertainty range for the current Noise Figure Noise Factor or Noise Temperature measurement By default the displayed uncertainty range is the measured data the default coverage ...

Страница 429: ...easurement If this is done it is important to select the ENR table for the calibration noise source prior to the calibration And then to select the ENR table for the measurement noise source prior to measuring the DUT See also Calibration Wizard on page 433 How to Create an ENR Table To create an ENR table This procedure assumes you have previously set your frequency resolution bandwidth and numbe...

Страница 430: ...toring the file ENR files are stored as enr files Existing ENR files that are loaded into the FieldFox can be overwritten Your edited file will NOT be overwritten when firmware is updated To DELETE a enr file use the Manage Files feature Learn more in Manage Files on page 514 Uses existing ENR file format Refer to https literature cdn keysight com litweb pdf 00346 90148 pdf 1 Three additional head...

Страница 431: ... can be overwritten Your edited file will NOT be overwritten when firmware is updated To DELETE a amp file use the Manage Files feature Learn more in Manage Files on page 514 DUT dut Files DUT dut files are saved to and recalled from the NoiseFigure DUT folder If the folder does not already exist on a USB or SD card it is created automatically before storing the file DUT files are stored as dut fi...

Страница 432: ...Marker Table Annotation Marker annotation Marker readout in top right corner of graticule Displays uncertainty values for select measurements IMPORTANT Noise Figure has asymmetric uncertainty see red box in figure Noise Factor and Noise Temperature have symmetric uncertainty Marker table annotation under the graticule Marker table data under the graticule Displays uncertainty values for select mea...

Страница 433: ...n contains the following Receiver Calibration Receiver Cal User Calibration User Cal User Calibration User Cal Optimizing Measurement Accuracy Receiver Calibration Receiver Cal The receiver calibration s purpose is to establish the true measurement bandwidth of the receiver when making noise measurements This bandwidth information is used to calculate the gain of the DUT when there is no user cali...

Страница 434: ...lifier is used in the noise figure measurement If there is no preamplifier the user calibration is not necessary Although it will be interpolated if other frequencies are used when a user calibration is performed it should be made at the same frequencies as the measurement The user calibration also needs to be performed with the same resolution bandwidth as is used in the measurement The user cali...

Страница 435: ...urement In some cases it might be better to use a different noise source in the user calibration than will be used in the measurement If this is done it is important to set the ENR table for the calibration noise source prior to the calibration and to set the measurement noise source prior to measuring the DUT Prior to starting a user calibration it is a good practice to connect the preamplifier a...

Страница 436: ...e with the selected amount of measurement jitter in the shortest possible time The auto integration feature calculates the time required to satisfy the jitter goal from the relative power levels as they are measured One significant advantage of auto integration is that it ensures that the best possible instrument speed is used in achieving the necessary jitter requirement If on the other hand it i...

Страница 437: ...ice to consider the contribution of the jitter uncertainty to the total measurement uncertainty when selecting a jitter goal If the measurement uncertainty from other contributors is known to be 0 5 dB for example it would make little sense to set a jitter goal of 0 1 dB Setting a jitter goal of 0 3 dB in this case would only increase the RSS uncertainty to 0 58 dB and would potentially speed up t...

Страница 438: ...apter 27 File Management and then to Saving and Recalling Files on page 506 Choose Save ENR Table Enter the filename of your noise source Enter a value using the numeric keypad the arrows or the rotary knob Done to finish table and return to previous menu 4 Enter the noise figure measurement s frequency number of points and span settings Freq Dist Center 50 GHz Sweep 3 More 401 points BW 2 Span 0 ...

Страница 439: ...Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide 439 Noise Figure Mode Option 356 CPU2 Only How to use Auto Integration Figure 23 20 Example of Jitter Uncertainty 401 points with Uncertainty Bars ...

Страница 440: ...440 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Noise Figure Mode Option 356 CPU2 Only How to use Auto Integration Figure 23 21 Example of Jitter Uncertainty 401 points without the Uncertainty Bars ...

Страница 441: ...ation Figure 23 22 shows an example of a noise figure visual Jitter Warning elements that can be enabled disabled i e blue circles around points where the jitter goal was exceeded Press to toggle Jitter Warning OFF ON default ON Figure 23 22 Example of Jitter Uncertainty with Jitter Uncertainty Trace ...

Страница 442: ...ble Limit Lines For information on using Limit Lines refer to All about Limit Lines on page 461 Display Lines For information on using Limit Lines refer to the SA chapter s section Display Line on page 186 Scale Settings For information on using Autoscale Autoscale All and Scale settings All about Scale Settings on page 468 ...

Страница 443: ... Troubleshooting Some measurements can result in invalid results NaNs In these cases the FieldFox s Noise Figure Option 356 displays the following Red X on the NaN point Marker readout displays SCPI will return its NaN representation i e 9 91E 37 Figure 23 23 Example of an invalid measurement ...

Страница 444: ...444 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Noise Figure Mode Option 356 CPU2 Only Troubleshooting ...

Страница 445: ...r Trace CAT NA NF Modes on page 450 Marker Trace IQA and SA Mode on page 450 Marker Format on page 451 Searching with Markers on page 452 What Is a Peak on page 457 Marker Functions on page 459 SA Marker Functions on page 460 How to Create Fixed Limit Lines on page 461 Relative Limit Lines on page 462 Build From Trace on page 462 Limit Options on page 463 How to Save and Recall Limits on page 464 ...

Страница 446: ...CAT I Q Analyzer NA NF RTSA SA and Pulse Measurements Modes How to create Markers Press Marker Then Markers 1 6 to select a marker to activate Then Normal to activate that marker A marker is created on the trace in the middle of the X axis That marker is now active Then move the marker using the rotary knob the arrows or by entering an X axis position with the number keys Then press Enter How to m...

Страница 447: ...n that is relative to a reference marker A Delta marker is created with a Δ delta symbol to distinguish it from the reference marker All six markers can be a Delta marker pair Peak search functions can be performed using delta markers Figure 24 2 A Delta marker and its associated reference marker In the graphic above the marker readout shows the difference between the two markers in frequency and ...

Страница 448: ...race Create a Delta marker From the Mkr Tools menu press More SA mode only then Marker Properties then Delta Ref Fixed OFF The reference marker floats at the data trace Y axis position ON The reference marker is fixed at the Y axis position of the data trace when the marker was created default IQA and SA modes Signal Track Marker NF and SA Mode ONLY In NF and SA mode the marker can be peaked at th...

Страница 449: ...is position Coupled markers are allowed only in NA mode and are relevant only in multi trace configurations You can have markers that are coupled and others that are uncoupled Peak functions move the marker to the peak on the active trace while all other markers move to the same X axis position Figure 24 3 Coupled Markers move on ALL traces at the same time NA shown I Q Analyzer IQA mode has coupl...

Страница 450: ...e marker on only the active trace How to move a marker between traces With at least one marker present press Marker then More Then select the marker to move using Marker 1 2 3 4 5 6 Then toggle Marker Trace Auto Data Mem Auto Marker resides on data trace when it is visible Marker resides on memory trace when only IT is visible Default setting Data Marker resides on data trace even when not visible...

Страница 451: ...e last data or to the ZERO position Marker Format The Marker Format setting allows you to choose the format of the marker readout that appears in the upper right corner of the screen and in the marker table The marker format can be independent of the trace format and can be set independently for each trace All markers on a trace have the same marker format How to choose marker format Press Marker ...

Страница 452: ...number OFF causes a new marker search only when the search feature is re executed Peak Moves the active marker to the HIGHEST amplitude data point of the trace Peak Excursion and Peak Threshold value is ignored In SA Mode the LO feed through signal 0 Hz is also ignored Next Peak Moves the active marker to the next highest amplitude data point of the trace Peak Excursion value is ignored Mkr Center...

Страница 453: ...h NA Mode ONLY Specify the level in dB from the peak or valley where bandwidth is measured Negative numbers search for a Peak bandpass such as a filter S21 response Either of the following TWO methods can be used to search for a Valley or Notch filter such as the S11 response of a bandpass filter Negative values search down from the TOP MAX of the response Positive values search up from the BOTTOM...

Страница 454: ...requency Mathematical midpoint between marker 2 and marker 3 Q Center Frequency Bandwidth Loss Marker 1 amplitude Left Frequency of marker 2 or 3 to left of marker 1 Right Frequency of marker 2 or 3 to right of marker 1 Press Back to return to the previous menu Press Peak Search then choose from the following Peak Moves the active marker to the HIGHEST amplitude data point of the trace Peak Excurs...

Страница 455: ...How to set Peak Criteria on page 457 Delta Ref Fixed Enables or disables the delta reference fixed marker Peak Left IQA Spectrum Only Moves the active marker to the next data point to the left that meets the Peak criteria When no data points to the left meet the Peak criteria the marker does not move Peak Right IQA Spectrum Only Moves the active marker to the next data point to the right that meet...

Страница 456: ...revious marker sections For example if your markers are set to Delta change to Normal and verify the marker positions are correct Refer to Figure 24 6 on page 457 Then press Mkr Tools Then More For DTF TDR measurements and NA Mode skip this step and proceed to the next step Then Mkr5 Mkr6 Search For Mkr1 Mkr2 maximum or minimum value search Then Mkr5 Peak or Mkr5 Min Or for Mkr3 Mkr4 maximum or mi...

Страница 457: ...er Only Cont Peak Search These two peak criteria settings are set individually for each trace and for each mode CAT SA or NA These settings do NOT survive a FieldFox or Mode Preset How to set Peak Criteria Press Mkr Tools In CAT and NA modes Then Peak Search Then Peak Criteria The Peak Threshold and Excursion settings are NOT available in DTF measurements To make these settings create a non DTF CA...

Страница 458: ...des To be considered a peak data values must fall off from the peak on both sides by the excursion value Default 0 5 dB for CAT and NA Modes 6 dB for SA Mode Cont Peak Search I Q Analyzer Only Enables or disables the Continuous Peak Search marker When Continuous Peak Search is on a peak search is automatically performed for the selected marker after each sweep The rules for finding the peak are ex...

Страница 459: ...step not required for I Q Analyzer mode Then choose one of the following Mkr Center Not available in DTF I Q Analyzer waveform or SA mode with zero span The center frequency of the measurement becomes the value of the active marker The frequency span is adjusted accordingly Mkr Delay NA mode ONLY The group delay value of the active marker becomes the electrical delay setting of the trace Learn how...

Страница 460: ...ions are available in I Q Analyzer Mode ONLY exceptions are noted Noise Marker Available in SA mode Band Interval Power Marker Available in SA mode Coupled Markers Band Span Interval Band Span Continuous Peak Search Learn more about Noise and Band Interval Power marker functions starting in the IQA chapter here Noise Marker on page 254 SA Marker Functions The following Marker Functions are availab...

Страница 461: ...recalled independently from the Limit softkeys Learn more in How to Save and Recall Limits on page 464 How to Create Fixed Limit Lines There are two ways to build a Fixed limit line 1 1 Build limits From a Trace Learn how in Build From Trace on page 462 2 Enter X Y data points into the on screen editor The limit line is formed as the FieldFox connects the dots on the screen To create frequency gap...

Страница 462: ...uency X axis and acquisition Y axis Use relative limits to test devices or signals that are identical except for the center frequency or amplitude With relative limit lines in place you change the center frequency of the measurement and the limits look as though they are in the same location The same is true for acquisition When you expect to measure a different power level instead of changing the...

Страница 463: ... limit line red built from the trace yellow shifted down 5 dB How to Build Limit Lines from a Trace Select the trace from which limits will be built Press Limit 8 Then Edit Then Build From Trace A limit line table appears Use the arrows to select ON Use Offset to shift the limit line UP or DOWN Learn how below Limit Options How to set Limit Options Press Exit if the limit table is visible Then Opt...

Страница 464: ...t line DOWN usually used with LOWER limits Margin Shifts the limit line up or down like an offset but only virtually The limit line does NOT appear to move Enter a Margin value using the rotary knob the arrows or by entering a value with the number keys Enter a positive margin to virtually shift the limit line UP Enter a negative margin to virtually shift the limit line DOWN How to Save and Recall...

Страница 465: ...ack A display line is similar to a Limit Line except that no PASS FAIL testing occurs A display line is easier to create than a Limit Line Learn more in All about Limit Lines on page 461 Figure 24 8 Display Line with Annotations SA mode shown but others are similar How to create and move a Display Line Press Limit __8 Then Display Line OFF ON Then enter a Y axis value using the arrows or the rotar...

Страница 466: ...unds to confirm the data trace has been saved to memory There is no display annotation that indicates that the memory trace has been stored Press Data to view only the data trace Press Memory to view only the memory trace Press Data Memory to view both the live trace and the stored memory trace How to perform Trace Math Trace math is performed between a live trace and a memory trace When one of th...

Страница 467: ...alization purposes such as when comparing traces before and after a change is made or when measuring trace noise In the following table the Data Mem values intuitively show the differences between traces It is not obvious what Data Mem is displaying Use Data Memory to show the relative differences between two signals Use for comparison of very small signals such as the S11 match of two connectors ...

Страница 468: ...et the value of the reference line Enter a negative value by pressing Run Hold either before or after typing a value Ref Pos Manually set the position of the reference line Values must be between 0 TOP line and 10 BOTTOM line 3 Set Top and Bottom graticule values The scale per division is calculated Top to set the value of the Top graticule Bottom to set the value of the Bottom graticule Enter a n...

Страница 469: ...age of the last N sweeps is displayed Average Count 1 means there is NO averaging This setting can be changed at any time without affecting calibration accuracy How to set Trace Averaging Press BW 2 Then Average N where N is the current count setting Enter a value using the numeric keypad Enter 1 for NO averaging Press Enter While Trace Averaging is in process press Sweep 3 then Restart to restart...

Страница 470: ...Data Analysis Features All about Scale Settings 470 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide ...

Страница 471: ...6 Title on page 476 Edit Keywords on page 477 Full Screen Mode on page 477 Preferences on page 477 Quick Settings Table on page 477 Save and Reset Preferences on page 478 Global Settings Overview on page 479 Language on page 479 Battery Saver on page 480 Startup Mode on page 481 File folders on page 484 Alpha Numeric Editing on page 485 File Saving Naming Options on page 485 System Configuration o...

Страница 472: ...e Protection on page 28 Run Hold The Run Hold key determines whether the FieldFox sweeps continuously or does NOT sweep but holds the display results of the last sweep that was performed Use Hold to conserve battery power or to allow you to save or analyze the results of a specific measurement sweep The current sweep mode is shown on the screen as Continuous Hold is displayed while a single sweep ...

Страница 473: ... see Field Strength Measurements on page 154 VVM Display Resolution see Display Resolution on page 336 Marker Peak Excursion and Threshold see What Is a Peak on page 457 How to Preset the FieldFox Press Preset Then choose one of the following Preset Returns ALL Modes to the factory default settings Mode Preset Returns only the current Mode to the factory default settings The current settings for a...

Страница 474: ...our volume control setting to remain through a FieldFox shut down save the setting as a Preference Learn how in Save and Reset Preferences on page 478 How to set the FieldFox Volume Control Press System 7 Then Volume Then use the arrows the rotary knob or numeric keypad to enter a value between 0 lowest volume and 100 highest volume Only the instrument settings are saved to UserPreset sta No trace...

Страница 475: ...lay settings as Preferences Learn how in Save and Reset Preferences on page 478 Display Brightness Change the brightness of the background How to set Display Brightness Press System 7 Then Display Then Brightness Use the arrows the rotary knob or numeric keypad to enter a value between 0 and 100 Display Colors Change Display Colors to alter the viewing scheme How to set Display Colors Press System...

Страница 476: ... Then Display Then Display Colors Then More Then Trace Width Then choose one of the following Normal Standard width Wide Wide Enhanced width Title A custom title can be made to appear in the upper left corner of the FieldFox screen The title can contain up to approximately 65 alpha numeric characters To view the Title area see the Screen Tour in Screen Tour on page 39 How to add or edit a Title Pr...

Страница 477: ...ved Press System 7 Then Full Screen To Exit full screen Mode press any key Preferences FieldFox preferences are settings that survive a shut down When your FieldFox is turned OFF then back ON these settings remain All preference settings can be restored to their factory defaults Learn how in Save and Reset Preferences on page 478 There are two ways to make FieldFox preference settings From softkey...

Страница 478: ...es are immediately saved as Preferences To exit the editing session without saving changes press Esc at any time Learn more about these preference settings Save and Reset Preferences All preference settings can be made at one time from the Quick Settings table Settings Global Settings Overview on page 479 Language on page 479 Battery Saver on page 480 Startup Mode on page 481 Display Settings on p...

Страница 479: ... remain Press System 7 Then Preferences Then Save Current Settings There is a beep when your settings have been saved Press Reset Preferences to restore the factory default settings Global Settings Overview Choose the Global Settings values Language Batter Saver and Startup Mode See also Quick Settings Table on page 477 How to select Global Settings Press System 7 Then Preferences Then Preferences...

Страница 480: ...ox setting that must be made as a Preference from the Quick Settings table This setting remains until you change it again How to set Battery Saver Press System 7 Then Preferences Then Preferences Then scroll to Global Settings Battery Saver ON To conserve battery power the RF source power is turned OFF at the end of each CAT NA and VVM mode sweep This behavior does not impact FieldFox measurements...

Страница 481: ...ee User Preset on page 473 How to setup Startup Mode Press System 7 Then Preferences Then Preferences Then scroll to Global Settings Startup Mode and press Edit Then repeatedly press the Startup Mode to scroll through the available choices Default is the factory default mode for your FieldFox model Built in Power Meter Mode is NOT allowed as a Startup Mode Display Choose the Display values Display...

Страница 482: ...e in setting Audio Choose the Audio values Mute Volume See also Audio Volume Control on page 474 How to select Audio values Press System 7 Then Preferences Then Preferences Then use arrow softkeys or the knob to select Audio Then Edit for each of the following Mute On Off default Volume 0 to 100 default is 50 Then Done Edit for each change in setting Setting trace width to Wide will result in slow...

Страница 483: ...to select Date and Time Then Edit for each of the following Date and Time Edit as needed Refer to Date and Time Format and Time Zone Settings on page 495 Time Format Date Format Time Zone Then Done Edit for each change in setting GPS Choose the GPS values GPS State Elevation Unit GPS Sync Clock Display Lat Lon Format See also GPS on page 488 How to select CAT distance units Press System 7 Then Pre...

Страница 484: ...older location as the default device location after instrument power cycle How to set File Folders Press System 7 Then Preferences Then Preferences Then scroll to User Folder Persist User Folder Persist On Off Defaults to the current Device and folder location at power up Toggle User Folder Persist On Off when a new Device location is selected location User Folder displays the default folder locat...

Страница 485: ...ile default or Off Refer to Prefixes and Suffixes for Filenames in Prefixes and Suffixes for Filenames on page 517 Auto Append Displays the current choice for Auto Append to a filename Suffix Choices are Off default Number Date Refer to Prefixes and Suffixes for Filenames on page 517 CAT Distance Units Choose the CAT distance units i e Meters default Feet Inches See DTF Units on page 67 How to sel...

Страница 486: ...uded in saved SNP Data on page 513 How to select CAT NA defaults Press System 7 Then Preferences Then Preferences Then use arrow softkeys or the knob to select CAT NA Then Edit for each of the following SnP File Save Default Advanced Default Factory Error Corr N995xA 6xA Only Enhanced Response Full 2 Port Extended Cal Default N995xA 6xA Only On Off default on models 6 GHz Then Done Edit after each...

Страница 487: ...ions Licensing You can view and install options on your FieldFox To see a comprehensive list of the options that are available view the FieldFox Configuration Guide at http literature cdn keysight com litweb pdf 5990 9836EN pdf How to view the Installed Options Press System 7 Then System Configuration Then Options Licensing Then Show Options The currently installed options are listed How to Instal...

Страница 488: ...be useful when making measurements on cell towers or other antennas at remote locations With Option 307 GPS is available with the built in receiver accessed through the top panel SMA f connector This connector has a 3 3 VDC bias voltage which is switched ON when GPS is set to Internal This system is designed for use with an active antenna such as the Keysight N9910X 825 Without Option 307 GPS is u...

Страница 489: ...nnect a GPS antenna to the top panel GPS connector Learn more about additional GPS antenna accessories at http www keysight com find fieldfox Internal is set automatically when Frequency Reference Source is set to GPS Learn more in Frequency Reference Source on page 492 When Internal or External is selected a search is made for satellites overhead GPS works best when outdoors and in full view of t...

Страница 490: ... enabled the following is displayed at the top of the FieldFox screen The following icons located in RED circle above indicate the GPS lock status GPS ON and locked on satellites GPS ON but NOT locked on satellites GPS ON but no GPS receiver is present or detected The following annotation BLUE circle in above image indicates the INTERNAL top panel antenna status Ant INIT antenna status initializin...

Страница 491: ...Then GPS Then choose from the following Enable and disable the synchronization of the FieldFox internal clock to the GPS UTC time standard ON The FieldFox clock is synchronized and updated approximately once every hour to the time of the GPS clock OFF The FieldFox clock is NOT synchronized with GPS When set to OFF after Sync was ON the date and time does NOT revert back to the settings before the ...

Страница 492: ...ing signal provided with Built in GPS Opt 307 The Frequency Reference setting will survive a Factory Preset or Mode Preset and is saved as part of the Instrument State When resuming after Standby the FieldFox will display an Unlock message while it acquires a lock to an external or GPS source How to select Frequency Reference Source Press System 7 Then System Configuration Then Frequency Ref Then ...

Страница 493: ...ce is used with last hold over correction reading If the FieldFox does NOT find an appropriate Ext or GPS reference signal then Ext Ref UNLOCKED is displayed in the lower left corner of the graticule area This can occur when any of the following conditions exist NO reference signal is present A low or very high level external reference signal is present For best results the signal should be betwee...

Страница 494: ... keypad enter a value between 0 001 and 32 volts IMPORTANT Noise Figure mode uses DC variable voltage source VVS Option 309 during the measurements The voltage might be as high as 28V during the measurement During the noise figure measurement always make sure there are no voltage sensitive devices connected to the DC SMB output port Refer to Chapter 23 Noise Figure Mode Option 356 CPU2 Only on pag...

Страница 495: ... None All frequency settings are visible High Frequency information is blanked from the following Display annotation Softkeys Marker display and marker table Calibration properties All settings tables Limit line tables All saved png files Any of the following will re display frequency information Set to None Preset Mode Preset or FieldFox restart Date and Time Format and Time Zone Settings Set the...

Страница 496: ...the proxy host How to MANUALLY set Date and Time Format and Time Zone Press System 7 Then System Configuration Then More Then Date and Time Press the arrows to highlight the row to be edited Then press Edit Use the arrows or rotary knob to select the field to be edited Because of licensing security the manual and GPS Sync methods to set Date and Time are restricted as follows Can be set backward n...

Страница 497: ...earn more about Data Link at www keysight com find fieldfoxsupport How to configure LAN settings The first three Current settings can NOT be edited Press System 7 Then System Configuration Then More Table 25 1 LAN LEDs N995xA N996xA and applies to N991xA 2xA 3xA units with serial number prefixes 5607 LAN LEDs N995xA N996xA and applies to N991xA 2xA 3xA units with serial number prefixes 5607 When F...

Страница 498: ...n Static Gateway Enter the Static Gateway including periods in the format nnn nnn nnn nnn Static DNS Enter the Static DNS including periods in the format nnn nnn nnn nnn Apply Settings Choose from Power Up The above settings take effect when the FieldFox is started Now The above settings take effect immediately Press Done Edit when finished Power ON When the FieldFox is without a power source this...

Страница 499: ...er a USB memory or SD Card Additionally the Utility softkey enables you to backup user files or restore user files How to run the Installer Press System 7 Then System Configuration Then More Then Firmware Update Then Start Installer The Installer software opens after a couple of seconds Then the arrows or the knob to scroll to the firmware you want to install Press Start Install Current Step Progr...

Страница 500: ...dure restores user files from a USB or SD card See also How to backup files on page 500 If your stored any user files to a USB or SD card this procedure restores those files From the initial Installer menu Press Utility Then Cancel to exit without restoring your files and returning to the initial Installer menu Or Press Restore Data If you backup multiple versions of the user files the FieldFox ap...

Страница 501: ...entification number of your FieldFox Firmware Release The currently installed version of software Check to see if you have the latest firmware at www keysight com find fieldfoxsupport Network Identity The network name and current IP address of your FieldFox Reflectometer Factory Cal The Factory CalReady Calibration shows the date and time that the factory cal was performed for each test port and t...

Страница 502: ...s and Trace State files sta all Data files csv snp all Picture files png all Cal Kit files and all Cable files External media that is inserted mini SD card or USB flash drive is NOT erased The Lost Clusters folder and files are NOT erased because they are part of the file system housekeeping How to Erase User Data Press System 7 Then Service Diagnostics Then Advanced Then Erase User Data Then Conf...

Страница 503: ...es Overview of mini USB to PC setup for sending SCPI commands and queries Connect a mini USB FieldFox device side to standard USB host PC On the FieldFox Power on the instrument Click System 7 System Diagnostics System Information and find the FieldFox serial number On your PC Open the Keysight IO Libraries software Connection Expert and connect to the FieldFox using the VISA connection Refer to t...

Страница 504: ...xA 3xA units with serial number prefixes 5607 Mini USB Connection to PC with IO Libraries In the Keysight Interactive IO window Type in your SCPIs on the Command line and click Send Command Read Response or Send Read Refer to the Keysight Connection Expert Help and Figure 26 1 on page 504 Figure 26 1 Keysight Interactive IO Window ...

Страница 505: ...ldFox screen In addition files can be saved to the internal memory a USB Flash drive or a standard SD card In this Chapter Save Files on page 506 Recall Files on page 510 Move Copy Files on page 510 Set File Type and Select Device on page 511 Manage Files on page 514 Manage Folders on page 516 Edit Keywords on page 517 Prefixes and Suffixes for Filenames on page 517 See Also Erase User Data on pag...

Страница 506: ...n error will result when trying to recall a state file that was saved on a different model family If you are having difficulty saving to a USB flash drive it may be a timing issue The turn around time for file open write data file close to a USB drive is much longer than to FieldFox s internal memory Alternative methods are 1 Save your content to the FieldFox s internal memory and then move your f...

Страница 507: ...a as MATLAB files mat Refer to Chapter 11 IQ Analyzer IQA Option 351 CPU2 Only on page 235 and to Chapter 27 File Management on page 505 If you have the FieldFox s Remote Server mode 89600 VSA software connectivity you can use the VSA software to capture and record your data as MATLAB files mat Learn more about FieldFox and 89600 VSA software refer to Chapter 12 Remote Server Mode Requires CPU2 an...

Страница 508: ...splay on the FieldFox screen Learn about Titles in How to Manage files on page 514 Move the cursor see section below How to move the cursor then press Select to add the cursor character to the end of the existing filename Back Space to erase the last character s from the end of a filename Press Shift to toggle keyboard between lower case and upper case characters Press Alt Keyboards to display the...

Страница 509: ...above the current filename is File_0 The cursor is on the custom DTF_VSWR keyword The file will be saved to USB flash drive File Type is Trace State Instrument State How to move the cursor Use the rotary knob to move cursor on the same row The cursor will change rows when it comes to a row end Use the arrows to move the cursor up and down the rows When the current filename is complete Press Done t...

Страница 510: ...ed on differences in the CalRdy calibration data may result in differences between the displayed traces Image Files The FieldFox can open and display png jpg and jpeg images How to Recall a File Press Save Recall 9 Then Recall File or Enter Navigate to the file to be recalled using the Up Down arrow keys Optional Sort by Name to list the current files by name Optional Sort by Date to list the curr...

Страница 511: ... your files Then Do Copy copies files to selected location and FieldFox displays a confirmation message of a successful file copy Cancel to cancel copy file and return to the previous menu Set File Type and Select Device The following File TYPE and DEVICE settings are used to determine the type of file to save and the location to be used for all file operations These two settings remain through an...

Страница 512: ... to a sta file In SA Mode all traces are saved This file can be opened ONLY by a FieldFox When recalled the FieldFox sweep is set to Hold Picture PNG Saves a 640 x 453 pixel image of the FieldFox screen to a png file The picture does NOT include the softkeys Data csv Saves trace data from the current Mode to a csv file This format can be imported into spreadsheet software such as Microsoft Excel C...

Страница 513: ...S22 Imag S22 Only data traces are saved not memory traces Corrections When parameters are corrected data is returned even when not displayed Data is returned with the correction type that is applied for each S parameter The correction type for each S parameter is annotated in the header When parameters are NOT corrected or displayed With Smith chart and Polar formats Real Imag zero filled data app...

Страница 514: ...dFox htm Learn more about System Preferences in Preferences on page 477 Manage Files Files that are stored in the FieldFox internal memory standard SD card and USB Flash drive can be copied to another device or deleted How to Manage files Press Save Recall 9 Then Device to select the location Internal USB or standard SD Card of the file to copy or delete Then More Then Manage Files Then choose fro...

Страница 515: ...d Replace With Enter the string that is to be replaced by the characters entered with the String to Replace softkey Prefix Enter a prefix one time that the current filename or filenames are to be renamed To add a prefix to subsequent filenames persistent refer to How to edit the Prefix and Suffix Auto Append in How to edit the Prefix and Suffix Auto Append on page 518 Suffix Enter a suffix that th...

Страница 516: ...nt folder Select a name for the new folder from one of the displayed keywords You can change these keywords using the following Edit Keywords function Refer to Edit Keywords in Edit Keywords on page 517 Delete Folder The selected folder and its contents are deleted after a warning prompt is displayed A Parent folder or system folder can NOT be deleted Copy Folder The selected folder and its conten...

Страница 517: ...racter from the end of the selected keyword Press Shift to change from upper case to lower case and vice versa Press Alt Keywords to toggle through different keyword choices How to move the cursor Use the rotary knob to move the cursor along the same row The cursor will change rows when it comes to a row end Use the arrows to move the cursor up and down between rows When the selected keyword is co...

Страница 518: ...owing Edit Prefix to edit the prefix using the labeler For more refer to How to edit the Prefix and Suffix Auto Append on page 518 Select to add the cursor character to the end of the Prefix Back Space to delete the last character s from the end of the prefix Shift to toggle between capital letters and lower case letters Alt Keywords to display the different preselected keywords File Site and so f...

Страница 519: ...en the Prefix is complete Press Done to save the Prefix and close the labeler This Prefix will exist on the FieldFox until it is changed Press Cancel to close the labeler without saving changes How to enable disable the Prefix persistent Press Save Recall 9 Then More Then Prefix Suffix Then Prefix OFF to disable the prefix on subsequently saved files Edit Prefix Auto Append and Number Suffix Reset...

Страница 520: ... softkey will appear ONLY when a compatible printer is connected Then press Save Recall 9 Then Print and choose from the following Printer Page nSetup Confirm that the printer is connected and configured properly The Status line should read Ready Make other print settings as desired Select Files nfor Printing Print up to 16 PNG images on one page that are stored on the Internal drive Images can NO...

Страница 521: ...uge Learn more in the following section Viewing the Battery Charge Status on page 521 Charging the Battery on page 523 Reconditioning Battery on page 526 Battery Care on page 526 Maximizing Battery Life on page 526 Lithium Ion Battery Disposal on page 527 Install the Lithium Ion Battery on page 26 To conserve battery power on page 27 For the Battery on page 533 Table 28 1 Front Panel Icons Icon St...

Страница 522: ...f charging current 3 Battery Temperature internal temperature of the battery as measured by a sensor embedded in the battery 4 Present Run Time to Empty minutes of power remaining based on amount of current being used now 5 Charge Cycles number of charge cycles the battery has experienced Charge cycle defined as 80 change in relative state of charge Built In Battery Gauge Each lithium ion battery ...

Страница 523: ...nt The FieldFox circuitry ALWAYS prevents the battery from discharging to a level that is damaging However if the battery is completely discharged the FieldFox may not turn ON If this occurs the battery can still be charged either internally or externally Because a lithium ion battery has no memory effect you can charge a battery at any time regardless of the current charge status Internal Chargin...

Страница 524: ...ctor on the FieldFox side panel then plug the adapter into an AC outlet FieldFox ON Charging is indicated by a battery icon in the upper right of the front panel screen FieldFox OFF Charging is indicated by the FieldFox power LED glowing amber with its intensity increasing from dim to bright every few seconds This pattern repeats until the LED turns off when charging is done Learn more on Front Pa...

Страница 525: ...arged sequentially on a first come first served basis though a discharge can be performed in the left bay while the right bay is charging For more information refer to the Instruction Manual included with the external battery charger Read the safety information in For the External Battery Charger N9910X 872 on page 533 External Battery Charger LED Charging Status Green Fully charged Green flashing...

Страница 526: ...y Refer to Lithium Ion Battery Disposal on page 527 Operation with a degraded battery could result in damage to the FieldFox Maximizing Battery Life If AC power is not continuously available Ex in a field environment use the battery and recharge it when it holds a 20 to 50 charge as shown on the screen s battery charge icon At this charge level 2 or 3 segments show on the battery gauge If the Fiel...

Страница 527: ...ithium Ion Battery Disposal When you notice a large decrease in charge capacity after proper recharging it s probably time to replace the battery Lithium Ion batteries need to be disposed of properly Contact your local waste management facility for information regarding environmentally sound collection recycling and disposal of the batteries Regulations vary for different countries Dispose of the ...

Страница 528: ...528 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Working with the Lithium Ion Battery Lithium Ion Battery Disposal ...

Страница 529: ...ents for Electrical Equipment for Measurement Control and Laboratory Use and the FieldFox is supplied in a safe condition The FieldFox is also designed for use in Installation Category II and pollution Degree 2 per IEC 61010 1 Read the following safety notices carefully before you start to use this FieldFox to ensure safe operation and to maintain the product in a safe condition ...

Страница 530: ...intained Applicable local or national safety regulations and rules for the prevention of accidents must be observed in all work performed Ensure that the connections with information technology equipment comply with IEC950 I EN60950 Observe all ratings and markings of the instrument before connecting the instrument Maximum Input Voltages and Power RF Output Connector 50V DC 23 dBm RF Ext Trig Ref ...

Страница 531: ... Guide 531 Safety Considerations For the FieldFox The measuring terminals on this instrument are designed to be used with external signals described in Measurement Category I but NOT with external signals described in Categories ...

Страница 532: ... cloth or one slightly dampened with water to clean the external case parts Do not attempt to clean internally When the FieldFox is connected to the AC DC adapter position the adapter so the power cord is readily accessible The power cord is the disconnecting device It removes main power to the AC DC adapter The FieldFox front panel switch is only for the DC power within the instrument and not for...

Страница 533: ...cause the battery issues commands over the SMBus to the charger to control the charge rate and voltage Never use a modified or damaged charger External AC DC power supply U S FCC compliance Meets the required verification equipment authorization rules This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interfer...

Страница 534: ...y inside cars in hot weather Doing so may cause the battery to generate heat explode or ignite Using the battery in this manner may also result in a loss of performance and a shortened life expectancy There is a danger of explosion if the battery is incorrectly replaced Replace only with the same or equivalent type of battery recommended Discard used batteries according to manufacturer s instructi...

Страница 535: ...imately 3 V to reset the protection and permit discharging Primary Overcharge Current This prevents the battery from being charged if the average charging current reaches or exceeds 3 5A for a time period of 120 seconds or more Secondary Overcharge Current This prevents the battery from being charged if the charging current reaches or exceeds 4A 20 for a time period of 20 milliseconds or more Prim...

Страница 536: ...n is removed The maximum operating temperature of this fuse is 85C Secondary Overtemperature A second PTC polyfuse built into each Li ion cell will open up and limit current flow as a function of very high temperatures Tertiary Overtemperature A current interrupt device CID within each Li ion cell will permanently open up when the temperature reaches 95C As each cell fuse is permanently interrupte...

Страница 537: ... such as simple contact separation of materials and normal motions of persons working with the FieldFox To prevent instrument damage practice industry accepted techniques for handling static sensitive devices when using the FieldFox Very often coaxial cables and antennas also build up a static charge which if allowed to discharge by connecting to the FieldFox may damage the instrument input circui...

Страница 538: ...icates this is an Industrial Scientific and Medical Group 1 Class B product CISPR 11 Clause 4 The Standby symbol is used to mark a position of the instrument power line switch This symbol indicates separate collection for electrical and electronic equipment mandated under EU law as of August 13 2005 All electric and electronic equipment are required to be separated from normal waste for disposal R...

Страница 539: ...ry regulations Dispose of properly Do not throw batteries away collect as small chemical waste Recycle the old battery properly Consult local or country regulations related to disposal Keep battery away from excessive heat Do not dispose of by burning UL recognized in Canada and the United States The C Tick Mark is a registered trademark of the Australian Spectrum Management Agency The RCM Mark is...

Страница 540: ...egistration Indicates the time period which no hazardous or toxic substance elements are expected to leak or deteriorate during normal use Ten years is the expected useful life of the product This symbol indicates the Environmental Protection Use Period EPUP for the product s toxic substances and for the China RoHS requirements ...

Страница 541: ...ed that it meets UL s safety requirements When accompanied by a C and US it indicates compliance to both Canadian and US requirements NOM Mark Normality of Mexico indicates that the product was tested by an accredited laboratory in Mexico and meets Mexico s safety requirements Japan s safety and EMC compliance mark China s safety and EMC compliance mark Taiwan s safety and EMC compliance mark Sing...

Страница 542: ...n facilities of other International Standards Organization members Manufacturer s Declaration This product has been designed and tested in accordance with accepted industry standards and has been supplied in a safe condition The documentation contains information and warnings that must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the product in a safe condition Declaration of C...

Страница 543: ...S CISPR 11 ICES NMB 001 This ISM device complies with the Canadian ICES 001 Cet appareil ISM est conforme a la norme NMB 001 du Canada Safety Complies with the European Low Voltage Directive IEC EN 61010 1 Canada CSA C22 2 No 61010 1 U S A UL std no 61010 1 South Korean Class B EMC Declaration This equipment is Class B suitable for home electromagnetic environment and is suitable for use in all ar...

Страница 544: ...544 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Safety Considerations Certification and Compliance Statements ...

Страница 545: ...e critical for accurate and repeatable measurements The following table contains for tips on connector care Prior to making connections to your analyzer carefully review the information about inspecting cleaning and gauging connectors For course numbers about additional connector care instruction contact Keysight Technologies ...

Страница 546: ...546 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Connector Care Review ...

Страница 547: ...h the DC power cord removed in a well venti lated area and with the power to the FieldFox turned OFF Allow all residual alcohol moisture to evapo rate and the fumes to dissipate prior to energizing the instrument Use any abrasives Get liquid into plastic support beads Gaging Connectors Do Do Not Clean and zero the gage before use Use the correct gage type Use correct end of calibration block Gage ...

Страница 548: ...548 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Connector Care Review ...

Страница 549: ...eld Analyzers N99xxA User s Guide B Specifications Data Sheet To ensure the highest accuracy and consistency the FieldFox Specifications are now stored ONLY at http literature cdn keysight com litweb pdf 5990 9783EN pdf ...

Страница 550: ...550 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Specifications Data Sheet ...

Страница 551: ...rated at 12 month intervals ensures that the analyzer maintains performance within the operating specifications If you need the analyzer to maintain more consistent operation you may want to have the instrument calibrated more often Connector wear is a bigger factor and depends on the number of connections that are made The test ports become noticeably worn after 500 to 700 connections This could ...

Страница 552: ...alibrated and is operating within the published specifications ANSI Z540 Calibration Includes the test data from the calibration and the certificate of calibration stating the instrument has been calibrated using a process in compliance with ANSI Z540 1 and is operating within the published specifications ISO 17025 Calibration Includes the test data from the calibration and the certificate of cali...

Страница 553: ...553 Keysight Handheld Analyzers N99xxA User s Guide D Korean Battery Safety Translation ...

Страница 554: ...554 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Korean Battery Safety Translation ...

Страница 555: ...555 Keysight Handheld Analyzers N99xxA User s Guide E Keysight Software End User Licensing Agreement EULA ...

Страница 556: ...556 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Keysight Software End User Licensing Agreement EULA ...

Страница 557: ...Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide 557 Keysight Software End User Licensing Agreement EULA ...

Страница 558: ...558 Keysight N9927 90001 User s Guide Keysight Software End User Licensing Agreement EULA ...

Страница 559: ...eep 189 Average Type 176 220 Averaging VVM 338 averaging 48 96 468 VVM 338 avoid overpowering 32 B Band Power Marker IQA 255 Band Power Marker SA mode 187 255 256 258 460 Band Span Marker IQA 256 bandpass mode 61 62 battery care 526 charge status viewing 521 charge status viewing 472 521 charging 27 external 525 internal 523 disposal 527 gauge 522 icons 521 installing 26 LED 525 markings 539 maxim...

Страница 560: ... start and stop distance 58 DTF Measurement 60 72 DTF settings 60 DTF Start and Stop Distance 61 73 Dynamic Range 105 dynamic range 105 E ECal 128 Edit a Cable File 64 DTF 64 76 edit keywords 517 edit enable and disable the current prefix 517 519 edit enable and disable the current suffix 517 518 Electrical Delay 95 Enhanced Response Optimization 137 Erase User Data 502 error meas UNCAL 164 190 re...

Страница 561: ... sweep time 50 sweep type 49 98 trace averaging 48 468 469 video BW 164 use external reference 492 view and change Quick Settings 90 view and change quick settings 90 http literature cdn keysight com litweb pdf 5991 4913EN pdf 364 I icons battery 521 IF Bandwidth NA Mode 97 VVM 337 IF bandwidth NA Mode 97 IF Output 165 IF output 165 indicator old data 190 individual alignments 177 initial use prep...

Страница 562: ... cursor 509 517 519 multiplier abbreviations 41 multipliers 41 Multi Trace Configurations 89 multi trace configurations 89 N NA Factory Cal 501 NA mode calibration 119 settings 85 88 90 name files 508 network analyzer 83 noise figure calibration 433 noise figure option 356 395 Noise Marker IQA 254 normalization 131 normalize 131 numeric values 41 numeric values entering 41 O O S L cal 125 O S L ca...

Страница 563: ...ttings 146 205 223 270 units 151 SA Mode Units 151 206 SA Record Playback 275 SA spectrogram display 270 Safety Considerations 529 save display setting as preferences 478 file 506 save and recalling files 506 Save Preferences 478 479 Scale Settings NA Mode 93 scale settings NA mode 93 scale setting 47 468 screen cleaning 35 screen front panel 39 Security Level 495 select language 480 sending SCPI ...

Страница 564: ...Preset 473 User Tags 227 277 V values multipliers 41 numeric 41 values multipliers 41 VBW 164 vector voltmeter 333 vector voltmeterSeeVVM 333 Velocity Factor 63 102 verifying integrity of calibration 140 jumper cables 140 verifying integrity of calibration jumper cables 140 video bandwidth 164 Video Bandwidth SA mode 164 Video triggering 99 169 213 video triggering 169 173 213 viewing charge statu...

Страница 565: ......

Страница 566: ...This information is subject to change without notice Keysight Technologies 2014 2018 Edition 4 June 20 2018 www keysight com ...

Отзывы:

Нет отзывов

Похожие инструкции для N9913A

Sage SIP Operation And Instruction Manual preview
SIP
Бренд: Sage Страницы: 68
ABB ProcessMaster FEP630 series Manual preview
ProcessMaster FEP630 series
Бренд: ABB Страницы: 92
National Instruments PXIe-5764 Getting Started Manual preview
PXIe-5764
Бренд: National Instruments Страницы: 15
Jenoptik LDM51 Series Operating Manual preview
LDM51 Series
Бренд: Jenoptik Страницы: 54
Sonel CMP-400 Operating Manual preview
CMP-400
Бренд: Sonel Страницы: 26
Ntron Microx Online User Instruction Manual preview
Microx Online
Бренд: Ntron Страницы: 29
Kawai KSP 10 Owner'S Manual preview
KSP 10
Бренд: Kawai Страницы: 72
Dakota Digital VHX-68C-CVL Manual preview
VHX-68C-CVL
Бренд: Dakota Digital Страницы: 38
Swema SwemaAir 40 Instructions preview
SwemaAir 40
Бренд: Swema Страницы: 4
A&D AD-4412-CW Manual preview
AD-4412-CW
Бренд: A&D Страницы: 24
IS Technologies SLM1200S User Manual preview
SLM1200S
Бренд: IS Technologies Страницы: 21
Mityvac MV5532 User Manual preview
MV5532
Бренд: Mityvac Страницы: 24
ScienTECH Vector D200C Setup And Operating Procedures preview
Vector D200C
Бренд: ScienTECH Страницы: 44
ZIROX SGM7 Manual preview
SGM7
Бренд: ZIROX Страницы: 43
Halma Alicat Scientific CORIOLIS CODA Series Operating Manual preview
Alicat Scientific CORIOLIS CODA Series
Бренд: Halma Страницы: 18
Oceanic VEO 200 Operating Manual preview
VEO 200
Бренд: Oceanic Страницы: 96
Keysight B2980 Series Programming Manual preview
B2980 Series
Бренд: Keysight Страницы: 64
National Instruments Module NI PXI-8250 Installation Manual preview
Module NI PXI-8250
Бренд: National Instruments Страницы: 4

Бренды по названию

Популярные бренды

Загрузить еще бренды