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Страница 1: ...PDISO 8 User s Guide A G R E A T E R M E A S U R E O F C O N F I D E N C E ...

Страница 2: ... otherwise in accordance with the instructions therefore Keithley does not warrant that operation of the Keithley Software will be uninterrupted or error free and or that the Keithley Software will be adequate for the customer s intended application and or use This warranty shall be null and void upon any modification of the Keithley Software that is made by other than Keithley and not approved in...

Страница 3: ...nt Pieters Leeuw 02 363 00 40 Fax 02 363 00 64 CHINA Yuan Chen Xin Building Room 705 12Yumin Road Dewai Madian Beijing 100029 8610 6202 2886 Fax 8610 6202 2892 FINLAND Tietäjäntie 2 02130 Espoo Phone 09 54 75 08 10 Fax 09 25 10 51 00 FRANCE 3 allée des Garays 91127 Palaiseau Cédex 01 64 53 20 20 Fax 01 60 11 77 26 GERMANY Landsberger Strasse 65 82110 Germering 089 84 93 07 40 Fax 089 84 93 07 34 G...

Страница 4: ...ECIAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RELATED TO THE USE OF THIS PRODUCT THIS PRODUCT IS NOT DESIGNED WITH COMPONENTS OF A LEVEL OF RELIABILITY SUITABLE FOR USE IN LIFE SUPPORT OR CRITICAL APPLICATIONS Refer to your Keithley Instruments license agreement for specific warranty and liability information All brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective compa...

Страница 5: ...PDISO 8 User s Guide Revision E April 2001 Part Number 70850 ...

Страница 6: ...Installation Category I and Installation Category II as described in the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC Standard IEC 60664 Most mea surement control and data I O signals are Installation Category I and must not be directly connected to mains voltage or to voltage sources with high transient over voltages Installation Category II connections require protection for high transient over...

Страница 7: ...uld refer to the operating instructions located in the manual The symbol on an instrument shows that it can source or measure 1000 volts or more including the combined effect of normal and common mode voltages Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal contact with these voltages The WARNING heading in a manual explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death Always read the a...

Страница 8: ... Configuring Your Installation 3 6 Preparing and Installing Your Board 3 7 Unwrapping and Inspecting the Board 3 7 Setting the Board Address and Response Switches 3 8 Installing the Board 3 11 Checking Your Installation 3 11 I O Bit Tests 3 12 General Information 3 12 Output Set Test 3 16 Input Read Test 3 20 4 Cabling and Wiring Attaching an STA U or STP 37 FC 4 2 Attaching an STC 37 4 3 Usage In...

Страница 9: ...utput Set Test 6 6 Input Read Test 6 10 Testing the Board and Host Computer 6 11 Testing the Accessory Slot and I O Connections 6 11 Technical Support 6 12 A Specifications B Connector Pin Assignments C Register Maps Relay Output Register Data Format C 2 Isolated Control Input Register Data Format C 3 Index ...

Страница 10: ...igure 4 2 Attaching an STA U or STP 37 FC to a PDISO 8 Board 4 2 Figure 4 3 Layout of STC 37 Screw Terminal Connector Panel 4 3 Figure 4 4 Attaching an STC 37 Accessory 4 4 Figure 4 5 Adding a Snubber Network Across Relay Contacts 4 5 Figure 4 6 Equivalent Circuit of an Isolated Control Input 4 6 Figure 4 7 Unfiltered Opto Isolator Output with AC Input 4 7 Figure 6 1 An AIO Panel example 6 2 Figur...

Страница 11: ...ble A 2 Isolated Control Input Specifications A 2 Table A 3 General Environmental Specifications A 2 Table A 4 Power Consumption Specifications A 2 Table C 1 I O Map and Functions C 2 Table C 2 Relay Addresses in the Relay Output Register C 2 Table C 3 Input Addresses in the Isolated Control Input Register C 3 ...

Страница 12: ... and accessories Section 2 summarizes functional information about the board This section contains a block diagram and brief descriptions of I O Section 3 describes important safety information how to install the DriverLINX software and documentation how to unpack set up and install the board and how to configure and check the installation Section 4 shows the preferred methods for making I O input...

Страница 13: ...pendix B contains pin assignments for the main I O connector of the PDISO 8 Appendix C provides register maps for background reference only you program the PDISO 8 board through the DriverLINX interface not at the register level An index completes the manual ...

Страница 14: ...or recommended This section lists PDISO 8 features and applications summarizes features of the DriverLINX software that is supplied with the board and describes available PDISO 8 accessories Features and Applications Features of the PDISO 8 are as follows Eight optically isolated inputs Eight electromechanical relay outputs 3A contact ratings Typical applications for the PDISO 8 are as follows Ene...

Страница 15: ...LINX provides application developers a standardized interface to over 100 services for creating foreground and background tasks for the following Analog input and output Digital input and output Time and frequency measurement Event counting Pulse output Period measurement In addition to basic I O support DriverLINX also provides Built in capabilities to handle memory and data buffer management A s...

Страница 16: ...rough a C 1800 M cable The printed circuit area of this accessory is covered to provide extra protection against personal or tool contact with signals C1800 cable The C1800 is an 18 inch ribbon cable terminated at each end with a 37 pin D type connector C 1800 M cable The C 1800 M is an 18 inch ribbon cable terminated at one end with a connector to fit the main I O connector of a board and termina...

Страница 17: ...Figure 2 1 Block Diagram of the PDISO 8 OP0 470 Ω Bus Buffers Address Decode and R W Logic Base Address Switch Computer Bus Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7 Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7 Input Register and Switchable Filters Output Register with Readback Isolated Inputs Relay Outputs OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 OP5 OP6 OP7 IP0 470 Ω IP1 470 Ω IP2 470 Ω IP3 470 Ω IP4 470 Ω IP5 ...

Страница 18: ... individual optically isolated inputs can be read as a single I O port byte Inputs are not polarity sensitive and can be driven from DC or AC 50 to 1000Hz control voltages in the range of 5 to 24Vrms Each input includes a switchable slow fast filter with a time constant of 5ms For AC input voltages you must switch in the filter For DC input voltages you can switch out the filter to obtain response...

Страница 19: ...nventorying installation resources Installing the DriverLINX software needed to operate your PDISO 8 board Configuring the installation in software Unpacking and inspecting the board setting the base address and response filters of the board and installing the board in your computer Checking the installation If you encounter any problems with the installation refer to Section 6 for troubleshooting...

Страница 20: ...ock hazard Keithley furnishes PDISO 8 boards only with fully installed protective covers front and rear attached to the board on each side by nylon screws While you can remove the covers to service a PDISO 8 board you must never use this board with its covers removed In addition you must disconnect all cables and wiring before servicing this board The procedures in the section are intended for qua...

Страница 21: ...e already installed on your system you must also install the PIO Series DriverLINX version In the process some DriverLINX capabilities shared by all boards may be upgraded test utilities for example This section discusses installation of drivers interfaces and documentation The component installation options provided by the DriverLINX setup program are as follows Install Drivers This required comp...

Страница 22: ...all These DriverLINX Components screen appears 3 Click Install Drivers and then follow the series of on screen instructions When done the Install These DriverLINX Components screen reappears 4 If you do not plan to develop custom application software for your PDISO 8 board then skip to step 5 If you do plan to develop custom application software you must install DriverLINX interfaces before writin...

Страница 23: ... d In the list of documents click Keithley PIO Series Acrobat Reader opens and the manual entitled Using DriverLINX with Your Hardware Keithley PIO Series appears e Print the following section from the Using DriverLINX with Your Hardware Keithley PIO Series manual Configuring the PIO Series Note If your data acquisition system is not connected to a printer you can display and print the Using Drive...

Страница 24: ...r after a subsequent reboot If you wish to configure your board sometime later you can start the Plug and Play Wizard manually from a batch file In the Windows Explorer double click X Drvlinx4 Help kmbpio bat where X is the letter of the drive on which DriverLINX is installed 3 On the Plug and Play Wizard click Wizard and follow the series of on screen instructions that appear The wizard will firs...

Страница 25: ...ndling the board Unwrapping and Inspecting the Board Caution Your computer must be turned OFF and grounded before performing the following procedure After you remove the wrapped board from its outer shipping carton proceed as follows 1 The board is packaged at the factory in an anti static wrapper that must not be removed until you have discharged any static electricity by either of the following ...

Страница 26: ...diately 5 Continue with the next procedure Setting the Board Address and Response Switches Setting the Board Address and Response Switches To physically configure the PDISO 8 board you must set two 8 position DIP switches the base address switch and the response switch These two switches are located as shown in Figure 3 1 Figure 3 1 Switch Locations The following subsections describe the settings ...

Страница 27: ...Base Address DIP switch If you install additional PDISO 8 boards you must set a different base address for each board Note When a position of the base address switch is set in the ON direction it has zero value For example Figure 3 1 shows the switch positions set for a value of 300h or 768 decimal Table 3 1 lists the values for each position of the base address switch Note Switch positions as sho...

Страница 28: ...ked on the switch while corresponding input channel numbers corresponding to channel numbers IP0 to IP7 are marked on the board and just above the switch If you are using AC input signals for certain channels you must set the filter switch to ON for each of those channels A channel filter fills in the portions of time that the AC input is at or close to zero voltage putting the signal read from th...

Страница 29: ...ble after you install DriverLINX verifies that DriverLINX and the board are installed and configured satisfactorily You can also test the functions of the PDISO 8 board without needing to write an application program by connecting appropriate digital signals and observing the responses with the DriverLINX AIO Panel Before connecting signals first read the next Section Cabling and Wiring To access ...

Страница 30: ...ind the AIO Panel entry c Click on the AIO Panel entry The Analog I O Panel should appear similar to the example in Figure 3 3 If you have other DriverLINX devices installed in addition to the digital input output card you are testing they will also be listed In that case select the desired digital I O card and the proper device number before proceeding Figure 3 3 An AIO Panel example ...

Страница 31: ...3 13 Note The Driver Selection column will show the actual DriverLINX driver s you have installed 2 On the AIO Control Panel click the DIO tab Figure 3 4 DIO channel tab example ...

Страница 32: ...es when ON The two digit numeric displays under Input Bits and Output Bits show the hexadecimal values of the adjacent bit patterns To configure a valid channel either for input or output use the Digital Channel Configuration Panel Click on either the Input or Output square below the channel number Note this selection will be disabled for channels which are fixed as input or output by hardware des...

Страница 33: ...6 Figure 3 6 Configuring channel 0 for output bit pattern A 5 In the Digital Output Panel under Output Bits set the bits of the channel as desired as shown in Figure 3 6 Click on each bit position to turn it ON or OFF 6 In the Digital Input Panel under Channels click on a channel to select it and display the logical state of its input lines Illustration Color on Actual Panel Function BLACK DARK GR...

Страница 34: ...essory and cable for the board being tested 2 Turn OFF the host computer 3 Connect the cable and accessory to your board 4 Turn ON the host computer and boot Windows 95 98 NT 5 Click the Windows 95 98 NT Start tab 6 Start the AIO Panel as follows a In the Start menu click Programs b Find the DriverLINX Test Panels folder under which you should find the AIO Panel entry c Click on the AIO Panel entr...

Страница 35: ...opriate square under Channels Then read the numbered bit under Input Bits OFF input bits appear as black dots and ON input bits appear as green dots When the manual is printed in black and white OFF input bits appear as black dots and ON input bits appear as light gray dots Further information about this panel how to make changes and how to interpret displays is given in I O Bit Tests of this sect...

Страница 36: ...In the Digital Output Panel under Channels click on an output channel channel 0 in this example as shown in Figure 3 9 Figure 3 9 Configuring channel 0 for output bit pattern A 10 In the Digital Output Panel under Output Bits set the bits of channel 0 for bit pattern A as shown in Figure 3 9 11 Measure the voltage between signal ground and each bit of the output port with a DMM or DVM Make measure...

Страница 37: ...n If the bit patterns set on the AIO Panel do not agree with the logic levels measured at the I O terminals the board is not functioning properly Stop here and determine why If the bit patterns set on the AIO Panel agree with the logic levels measured at the I O terminals then repeat steps 9 10 and 11 for remaining output channels 13 In the Digital Output Panel under Channels click on the output c...

Страница 38: ...put state Refer to the hardware description in this user s guide for more details on the output s electrical specification If the bit patterns set on the AIO Panel do not agree with the logic levels measured at the I O terminals the board is not functioning properly Stop here and determine why If the bit patterns set on the AIO Panel do agree with the logic levels measured at the I O terminals and...

Страница 39: ...themselves from the risk of electric shock This section shows the cabling and connections required for attaching accessories and I O lines to the main I O connector of your PDISO 8 boards The main I O connector is a male 37 pin D type Pin assignments for this connector are shown in Figure 4 1 Figure 4 1 Pin Assignments for the Main I O Connector 37 OP0 C 36 OP1 NO 35 OP1 NC 34 OP2 C 33 OP3 NO 32 O...

Страница 40: ...cting voltages up to 30V RMS 42 4V peak or 60VDC only you may attach the PDISO 8 board to an STA U or STP 37 FC screw terminal accessory as follows When attaching an STA U accessory use a C1800 cable When attaching an STP 37 FC accessory use a C 1800 M cable You make these connections as shown in Figure 4 2 Figure 4 2 Attaching an STA U or STP 37 FC to a PDISO 8 Board Note Use the STP 37 FC access...

Страница 41: ...result in shock hazard The STC 37 is a screw terminal panel as shown in Figure 4 3 The STC 37 is intended for use at voltages up to 30V RMS 42 4V peak or 60VDC Figure 4 3 Layout of STC 37 Screw Terminal Connector Panel 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 31 32 33 28 29 30 25 26 27 22 23 24 21 20 19 18 17 Cable Clamp D Connector that connects to the main I O connector of a PDISO 8 board 4 3 2 1 35 36 37...

Страница 42: ...connects to the main I O connector on an PDISO 8 board as shown in Figure 4 4 The screw terminal numbers of the STC 37 correspond to the pin numbers of the main I O connector Figure 4 4 Attaching an STC 37 Accessory PDISO 8 board STC 37 ...

Страница 43: ...ain Form A normally open contacts Although high voltage can be switched directly by the PDISO 8 installed in your computer you are urged to do high voltage switching only with a complete understanding of the risks and hazards involved These risks include electric shock from accidental contact with the board inside the computer and possible damage to the computer through inadvertent shorts between ...

Страница 44: ...ft booting the computer Using Isolated Control Inputs The PDISO 8 contains eight identical opto isolated control input channels The equivalent circuit of a channel is shown in Figure 4 6 Note that the input is first routed through a bridge rectifier so that the connections are not polarity sensitive whether used on AC or DC voltages Figure 4 6 Equivalent Circuit of an Isolated Control Input R1 470...

Страница 45: ...tor Output with AC Input The filter holds the output long enough to prevent discontinuous logic readings from occurring at the zero crossings of an AC signal With DC signals the use of the filter is optional and can provide a useful amount of noise rejection for spikes or contact debouncing at the expense of response speed Expect a 5 to 10ms delay when the relay turns on and off If the filter is n...

Страница 46: ...eneral and about programming with DriverLINX specifically refer to your DriverLINX documentation Note To access the DriverLINX documents on line Acrobat Reader version 3 0 or greater must be installed on your computer To access the DriverLINX documentation after you have installed it on your computer do the following 1 Click the Windows 95 98 NT Start tab 2 In the Start menu click Programs 3 Find ...

Страница 47: ... Windows Explorer double click on X Drvlinx4 Docs Toc pdf where X is the drive letter of your CD ROM drive The DriverLINX Printable Documentation table of contents opens via Acrobat Reader 2 Scroll through the DriverLINX Printable Documentation table of contents and find the document or document category that you want 3 Click on the wanted document or document category Either the selected document...

Страница 48: ... the instructions in this section to isolate the cause of the problem before calling Keithley Hardware Applications Engineering Testing the I O If your PDISO 8 board appears not to work properly in general skip to the next section Testing the Board and Host Computer However if your PDISO 8 board seems to work in general but not all of the I O bits appear to respond appropriately you can test them ...

Страница 49: ...find the AIO Panel entry c Click on the AIO Panel entry The Analog I O Panel should appear similar to the example in Figure 6 1 If you have other DriverLINX devices installed in addition to the digital input output card you are testing they will also be listed In that case select the desired digital I O card and the proper device number before proceeding Figure 6 1 An AIO Panel example ...

Страница 50: ...6 3 Note The Driver Selection column will show the actual DriverLINX driver s you have installed 2 On the AIO Control Panel click the DIO tab Figure 6 2 DIO channel tab example ...

Страница 51: ...res when ON The two digit numeric displays under Input Bits and Output Bits show the hexadecimal values of the adjacent bit patterns To configure a valid channel either for input or output use the Digital Channel Configuration Panel Click on either the Input or Output square below the channel number Note this selection will be disabled for channels which are fixed as input or output by hardware de...

Страница 52: ... Figure 6 4 Configuring channel 0 for output bit pattern A 5 In the Digital Output Panel under Output Bits set the bits of the channel as desired as shown in Figure 6 4 Click on each bit position to turn it ON or OFF 6 In the Digital Input Panel under Channels click on a channel to select it and display the logical state of its input lines Illustration Color on Actual Panel Function BLACK DARK GRA...

Страница 53: ...cessory and cable for the board being tested 2 Turn OFF the host computer 3 Connect the cable and accessory to your board 4 Turn ON the host computer and boot Windows 95 98 NT 5 Click the Windows 95 98 NT Start tab 6 Start the AIO Panel as follows a In the Start menu click Programs b Find the DriverLINX Test Panels folder under which you should find the AIO Panel entry c Click on the AIO Panel ent...

Страница 54: ...opriate square under Channels Then read the numbered bit under Input Bits OFF input bits appear as black dots and ON input bits appear as green dots When the manual is printed in black and white OFF input bits appear as black dots and ON input bits appear as light gray dots Further information about this panel how to make changes and how to interpret displays is given in I O Bit Tests of this sect...

Страница 55: ... In the Digital Output Panel under Channels click on an output channel channel 0 in this example as shown in Figure 6 7 Figure 6 7 Configuring channel 0 for output bit pattern A 10 In the Digital Output Panel under Output Bits set the bits of channel 0 for bit pattern A as shown in Figure 6 7 11 Measure the voltage between signal ground and each bit of the output port with a DMM or DVM Make measur...

Страница 56: ...on If the bit patterns set on the AIO Panel do not agree with the logic levels measured at the I O terminals the board is not functioning properly Stop here and determine why If the bit patterns set on the AIO Panel agree with the logic levels measured at the I O terminals then repeat steps 9 10 and 11 for remaining output channels 13 In the Digital Output Panel under Channels click on the output ...

Страница 57: ...utput state Refer to the hardware description in this user s guide for more details on the output s electrical specification If the bit patterns set on the AIO Panel do not agree with the logic levels measured at the I O terminals the board is not functioning properly Stop here and determine why If the bit patterns set on the AIO Panel do agree with the logic levels measured at the I O terminals a...

Страница 58: ...any necessary diagnostics At this point if you have another PDISO 8 board that is functional you can test the slot and I O connections using the instructions in the next section If you do not have another board refer to the instructions on page 6 12 before calling Keithley Applications Engineering Testing the Accessory Slot and I O Connections When you are sure that the computer is operating prope...

Страница 59: ... the computer If you were using more than one board try each board one at a time in the computer to determine which is faulty 6 If you cannot isolate the problem refer to the next section for instructions on obtaining assistance Technical Support Before returning any equipment for repair call the Keithley Hardware Applications Engineering Department at 1 888 KEITHLEY Monday Friday 8 00 a m 5 00 p ...

Страница 60: ...erial Revision code Base address setting Response switch setting ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ Computer Manufacturer CPU type Clock speed MHz MB of RAM Video system BIOS type ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ Operating System Windows version __...

Страница 61: ..._____ Repair Department Keithley Instruments Inc 28775 Aurora Road Cleveland Ohio 44139 Telephone 1 888 KEITHLEY FAX 440 248 6168 Notes If you are submitting your equipment for repair under warranty you must include the invoice number and date of purchase To enable Keithley to respond as quickly as possible you must include the RMA number on the outside of the package ...

Страница 62: ...I Contact type Silver alloy Contact resistance 100mΩ maximum initial Contact arrangement Channels OP0 to OP4 are SPDT Form C changeover Channels OP5 to OP7 are SPST Form A normally open Operate time 20ms maximum Release time 10ms maximum Life expectancy Mechanical 10 million operations minimum Electrical 100 000 operations minimum full load Voltage source must be isolated from the mains by a trans...

Страница 63: ...thout filter 10ms typical with filter Voltage source must be isolated from the mains by a transformer Table A 3 General Environmental Specifications Feature Specification Operating temperature range 0 to 50 C Storage temperature range 20 to 70 C Humidity 0 to 90 non condensing Weight 7 5 oz 213 gm Table A 4 Power Consumption Specifications Feature Specification 5V supply 0 3A typical all relays of...

Страница 64: ...igure B 1 illustrates pin assignments of the main I O connector Figure B 1 Main I O Connector Pin Assignments 37 OP0 C 36 OP1 NO 35 OP1 NC 34 OP2 C 33 OP3 NO 32 OP3 NC 31 OP4 C 30 OP5 29 OP6 28 OP7 27 IP0 26 IP1 20 IP7 OP0 NO 19 OP0 NC 18 OP1 C 17 OP2 NO 16 25 IP2 24 IP3 23 IP4 22 IP5 21 IP6 OP2 NC 15 OP3 C 14 OP4 NO 13 OP4 NC 12 OP5 11 OP6 10 OP7 09 IP0 08 IP1 07 IP2 06 IP3 05 IP4 04 IP5 03 IP6 0...

Страница 65: ...CD ROM in the X DrvLINX4 Docs and X DrvLINX4 Docs Notes folders where X is the drive letter of the CD ROM drive In some cases the base address is chosen automatically by Windows Check the difference in addressing for Windows 95 98 and Windows NT Refer to Configuring the PIO Series in Using DriverLINX with Your Hardware Keithley PIO Series manual which you printed in step 9 of Installing DriverLINX...

Страница 66: ...to determine the state of the relays A high bit indicates that a relay is energized while a low bit indicates that the relay is off Relay Output register bits are assigned as shown in Table C 2 For example to energize the relay controlling OP4 of a PDISO 8 board at a base address of 300h 00010000 binary 10h is written to I O address 300h Table C 1 I O Map and Functions I O Address Function Read Wr...

Страница 67: ...n the byte corresponds to a particular digital input so that a high bit equal to 1 energizes an input while a low bit equal to 0 de energizes the input Register bits are assigned as shown in Table C 3 Table C 3 Input Addresses in the Isolated Control Input Register Address Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Base Address 1h IP7 IP6 IP5 IP4 IP3 IP2 IP1 IP0 ...

Страница 68: ...r installation 3 2 configuration 3 8 configuring DriverLINX 3 6 installation 3 6 connector pin assignments B 1 connector main I O 4 1 B 1 contact life extending 4 5 contacts Form A 2 2 4 5 Form C 2 2 4 5 D data format isolated control input register C 3 relay output register C 2 diagram isolated control input 4 6 opto isolator output 4 7 PDISO 8 2 1 documentation DriverLINX accessing 3 5 5 1 insta...

Страница 69: ...nstallation board 3 7 DriverLINX before board 3 1 problem isolation 6 1 programming DriverLINX 5 1 overview 1 2 registers 5 1 R registers maps C 1 programming 5 1 repairs warranty 6 14 resources installation inventory 3 2 response filter 2 2 response switch 3 8 3 10 returning equipment 6 13 RMA number 6 13 S safety instructions 3 2 software DriverLINX description 1 2 installing 3 3 programming 5 1...

Страница 70: ...X 3 U usage information 4 5 W warranty repairs 6 14 wrapper anti static 3 7 ...

Страница 71: ...se 65 82110 Germering 089 84 93 07 40 Fax 089 84 93 07 34 GREAT BRITAIN Unit 2 Commerce Park Brunel Road Theale Berkshire RG7 4AB 0118 929 7500 Fax 0118 929 7519 INDIA Flat 2B Willocrissa 14 Rest House Crescent Bangalore 560 001 91 80 509 1320 21 Fax 91 80 509 1322 ITALY Viale San Gimignano 38 20146 Milano 02 48 39 16 01 Fax 02 48 30 22 74 JAPAN New Pier Takeshiba North Tower 13F 11 1 Kaigan 1 cho...

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