Keithley 6430, Инструкция по эксплуатации

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F-14 Measurement Considerations
General measurement considerations
The following measurement considerations apply to all precision measurements.
Ground loops
Ground loops that occur in multiple-instrument test setups can create error signals that cause
erratic or erroneous measurements. The con fi guration shown in Figure F-8 introduces errors in
two ways. Large ground currents fl owing in one of the wires will encounter small resistances,
either in the wires, or at the connecting points. This small resistance results in voltage drops
that can affect the measurement. Even if the ground loop currents are small, magnetic
fl ux cut-
ting across the large loops formed by the ground leads can induce suf fi cient voltages to disturb
sensitive measurements.
To prevent ground loops, instruments should be connected to ground at only a single point,
as shown in Figure F-9. Note that only a single instrument is connected directly to power line
ground. Experimentation is the best way to determine an acceptable arrangement. For this pur-
pose, measuring instruments should be placed on their lowest ranges. The con
fi guration that
results in the lowest noise signal is the one that should be used.
Instrument 1 Instrument 2 Instrument 3
Signal Leads
Ground
Loop
Current
Power Line Ground
Figure F-8
Power line ground loops
Instrument 1 Instrument 2 Instrument 3
Power Line Ground
Figure F-9
Eliminating
ground loops