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Model 2750 Multimeter/Switch System User’s Manual

Measurement Considerations

E-5

Source resistance noise

Noise present in the source resistance is often the limiting factor in the ultimate resolution 
and accuracy of Model 2750 measurements. The following paragraphs discuss the genera-
tion of Johnson noise as well as ways to minimize such noise.

Johnson noise equation

The amount of noise present in a given resistance is defined by the Johnson noise equation 
as follows:

where: E

RMS

= rms value of the noise voltage

k

= Boltzmann's constant (1.38 

×

 10

–23

J/K)

T

= Temperature (K)

R

= Source resistance (ohms)

F

= Noise bandwidth (Hz)

At a room temperature of 293K (20°C), the above equation simplifies to:

Since the peak to peak noise is five times the rms value 99% of the time, the peak to peak 
noise can be equated as follows:

For example, with a source resistance of 10k

Ω

, the noise over a 0.5Hz bandwidth at room 

temperature will be:

Minimizing source resistance noise

From the above examples, it is obvious that noise can be reduced in several ways: 
(1) lower the temperature, (2) reduce the source resistance, and (3) narrow the bandwidth. 
Of these three, lowering the resistance is the least practical because the signal voltage will 
be reduced more than the noise. For example, decreasing the resistance of a current shunt 
by a factor of 100 will also reduce the voltage by a factor of 100, but the noise will be 
decreased only by a factor of 10.

Very often, cooling the source is the only practical method available to reduce noise. 
Again, however, the available reduction is not as large as it might seem because the reduc-
tion is related to the square root of the change in temperature. For example, to cut the noise 
in half, the temperature must be decreased from 293K to 73.25K, a four-fold decrease.

E

RMS

4kTRF

=

E

RMS

1.27

10

10

–

×

RF

=

E

p

p

–

6.35

10

10

–

×

RF

=

E

p

p

–

6.35

10

10

–

×

10

10

3

×

(

)

0.5

(

)

=

E

p

p

–

45nV

=

2750-900-01.book  Page 5  Wednesday, August 3, 2011  7:56 AM

Содержание 2750

Страница 1: ...m o c y e l h t i e k w w w E C N E D I F N O C F O E R U S A E M R E T A E R G A User s Manual 2750 900 01 Rev F August 2011 Model 2750 Multimeter Switch System...

Страница 2: ...2750 Multimeter Switch System User s Manual 2011 Keithley Instruments Inc All rights reserved Cleveland Ohio U S A Document Number 2750 900 01 Rev F 2750 900 01 book Page 1 Wednesday August 3 2011 7...

Страница 3: ...2750 900 01 book Page 2 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 4: ...uld be performed only by service personnel Service personnel are trained to work on live circuits perform safe installations and repair products Only properly trained service personnel may perform ins...

Страница 5: ...surface capable of withstanding the voltage being measured The instrument and accessories must be used in accordance with its specifications and operating instructions or the safety of the equipment m...

Страница 6: ...ther components that are not safety related may be purchased from other suppliers as long as they are equivalent to the original component note that selected parts should be purchased only through Kei...

Страница 7: ...2750 900 01 book Page 4 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 8: ...16 Display 1 17 Status and error messages 1 17 Remote programming display 1 17 Defaults and user setups 1 19 Saving and restoring setups 1 20 Remote programming default and user setups 1 24 Remote pro...

Страница 9: ...M Operation DMM measurement capabilities 3 2 High energy circuit safety precautions 3 3 Performance considerations 3 4 Warm up 3 4 Autozero 3 4 LSYNC line cycle synchronization 3 5 Remote programming...

Страница 10: ...ing examples 3 49 Measurement queries 3 50 FETCh 3 50 READ 3 51 MEASure function 3 51 SENSe 1 DATA FRESh 3 52 SENSe 1 DATA LATest 3 52 Examples 3 53 4 Range Digits Rate Bandwidth and Filter Range 4 2...

Страница 11: ...Timestamps 6 3 Storing readings 6 5 Recalling readings 6 6 Buffer statistics 6 7 Remote programming buffer 6 8 Buffer commands 6 8 Programming example 6 15 7 Scanning Scanning fundamentals 7 2 Channel...

Страница 12: ...7 Voltmeter complete 8 7 External triggering example 8 8 External triggering with BNC connections 8 11 Remote programming triggering 8 12 Trigger model remote operation 8 12 Trigger model operation 8...

Страница 13: ...ice clear 10 9 GET group execute trigger 10 9 SPE SPD serial polling 10 9 Front panel GPIB operation 10 10 Error and status messages 10 10 GPIB status indicators 10 10 LOCAL key 10 11 Programming synt...

Страница 14: ...ple 11 9 Status register sets 11 11 Register bit descriptions 11 11 Condition registers 11 18 Event registers 11 18 Event enable registers 11 19 Queues 11 20 Output queue 11 20 Error queue 11 20 12 Co...

Страница 15: ...instrument features D 3 Signal processing using Ratio or Ch Avg D 6 Data flow remote operation D 7 SENSe and sample buffer D 8 SENS 1 DATA LATest D 9 SENS 1 DATA FRESh D 9 FETCh D 9 READ D 9 MEASure D...

Страница 16: ...ction G 2 Bus description G 2 Bus lines G 4 Data lines G 4 Bus management lines G 5 Handshake lines G 5 Bus commands G 6 Uniline commands G 8 Universal multiline commands G 8 Addressed multiline comma...

Страница 17: ...2750 900 01 book Page 10 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 18: ...dules QS1 Front and rear panel familiarization Summarizes the controls and connectors of the instrument Rack mounting Covers the options available for rack mounting the Model 2750 in a standard 19 inc...

Страница 19: ...n instrument indicates that the user should refer to the operating instructions located in the manual The symbol on the instrument shows that high voltage may be present on the termi nal s Use standar...

Страница 20: ...manual package The manual packages include a manual and any pertinent addenda Options and accessories Plug in switching modules NOTE Table 1 1 provides a side by side comparison of the following Keit...

Страница 21: ...lief connector shells These connectors mate to the female connectors of the Models 7703 and 7705 switching modules Model 7789 50 25 pin solder cup connector kit Contains one male DB 50 and one male DB...

Страница 22: ...d or scanned is measured by the Model 2750 For scanning each channel can have its own unique setup i e function range digits etc More information on the measurement capabilities of the Model 2750 is p...

Страница 23: ...d in the packing list that was shipped with each switching module Table 1 1 Model 77XX series switching modules Model 7700 Model 7701 Model 7702 Model 7703 Model 7705 2 pole operation 4 pole operation...

Страница 24: ...c tromechanical 1 male DB 50 1 female DB 25 Multiplexer 32 digital inputs outputs 40 channels 20 channel pairs N A 300V Max No 2 4 wire Yes Latching elec tromechanical Oversizedscrew terminals Multipl...

Страница 25: ...e slot indicators on the right side of the display indicate which slots have a switching module or pseudocard installed NOTE If a Model 7700 7701 7702 7703 7705 7708 or 7709 switching module is remove...

Страница 26: ...wire resistance measurement function 4 Selects 4 wire resistance measurement function FREQ Selects frequency measurement function TEMP Selects temperature measurement function Shifted MATH Configures...

Страница 27: ...Unshifted OPEN Opens closed channel CLOSE Closes specified channel STEP Steps through channels sends a trigger after each channel SCAN Scans through channels sends a trigger after last channel DIGITS...

Страница 28: ...nt panel input terminals disconnected REL Relative enabled for selected function REM Instrument in GPIB remote mode SCAN Scanning operation being performed SHIFT Accessing a shifted key SLOW Slow read...

Страница 29: ...l modem DB 9 shielded cable 4 IEEE 488 Connector for IEEE 488 GPIB operation Use a shielded cable such as Models 7007 1 and 7007 2 5 Power module Contains the AC line receptacle power line fuse and li...

Страница 30: ...de install two retaining clips on the left front rail Slide each retaining clip over a mounting hole such that the captive nut is positioned on the inside of the rack cabinet In a similar manner insta...

Страница 31: ...male end of the supplied power cord to the AC receptacle on the rear panel Connect the other end of the power cord to a grounded AC outlet WARNING The power cord supplied with the Model 2750 contains...

Страница 32: ...le by the fuse holder assembly Figure 1 4 Gently push in and up Release pressure on the assembly and its internal spring will push it out of the power module 2 Remove the fuse and replace it with the...

Страница 33: ...l five slots the following messages will be displayed 1 7700 2 7700 3 7700 4 7700 5 7700 If a slot is empty the message NONE will be displayed instead If the saved power on setup is not the factory de...

Страница 34: ...arily During operation and programming you will encounter a number of front panel messages Typical messages are either of status or error variety as listed in Appendix C Remote programming display Usi...

Страница 35: ...as long as the instrument is in remote Taking the instrument out of remote by pressing the LOCAL key or sending GTL can cels the message and disables the text message mode DISPlay ENABle ON OFF Contr...

Страница 36: ...are listed in Table 1 4 Setting differences Set Diff between the two default setups are indicated by checkmarks For remote programming the SYSTem PRESet and RST commands are used to reset the instrume...

Страница 37: ...SAV2 4 Press to place the cursor on the present power on setup 5 Use the or key to display the desired setup and press ENTER The instrument returns to the normal measurement state Restoring a setup 1...

Страница 38: ...igits Range 1k 1k Rate Fast 0 1 PLC Fast 0 1 PLC Threshold level 10 10 Current AC and DC Bandwidth AC 30 30 Digits AC 5Hdigits 5Hdigits Digits DC 6Hdigits 6Hdigits Filter On Off Window 0 1 0 1 Count 1...

Страница 39: ...Off Off Reference 1 0 1 0 1 X Reciprocal Off Off Monitor Off Off Output Beeper Never Never Digital Output Off Off Logic Sense High High Pulse No off No off Ratio Off Off Resistance 2 and 4 Digits 6Hdi...

Страница 40: ...Off Off Reading count No effect No effect Advanced scan Setup No effect No effect Immediate trigger On On Limit triggers Off Off Timer Off Off Reading count No effect No effect Temperature Digits 5Hd...

Страница 41: ...Count 10 10 Type Moving Repeat Range Auto Auto Rate DC Slow 5 PLC Slow 5 PLC Rel Off Off Note With a Model 7700 7706 or 7708 installed the default sensor junction is Internal Otherwise the Simulated 2...

Страница 42: ...ional command words Any command word that is enclosed in brackets is optional and does not have to be included in the program message Query commands Most command words have a query form A query comman...

Страница 43: ...ak the setup range rate filter digits etc as required For remote programming the instrument is typically used in a non continuous measure ment mode In this mode the user via remote command programming...

Страница 44: ...LT AC RANG 10 6 Store 15 readings in buffer3 Press STORE set for 000015 RDGS press ENTER SAMP COUN 15 READ 7 Recall buffer readings4 Press RECALL use edit keys to display readings Press EXIT to exit r...

Страница 45: ...function the resistance DUT would be connected to DMM Input as shown Figure 1 5 For a 4 wire function i e 4 a channel pair is connected to the DMM when a system channel is closed The system channel i...

Страница 46: ...0 The slot number for the module is also displayed For example 103 indicates that system input channel 3 for a module in slot 1 is closed The paired channel for a 4 wire function is not displayed Only...

Страница 47: ...the following command would be sent ROUTe CLOSe 103 2 Only the closed system channel is returned by ROUTe CLOSe The paired channel for a 4 wire function is not returned For example assume channel 2 i...

Страница 48: ...ume there are 10 channels in the scan list i e 101 through 110 If you set the reading count to 10 or less one scan of the 10 channels will be per formed If you set the reading count to any value from...

Страница 49: ...minimum channel XXX and press ENTER SHIFT SCAN STEP CONFIG Press SHIFT Press CONFIG STEP MAX CHAN YYY Specify maximum channel YYY and press ENTER TIMER NO YES Display NO or YES and press ENTER YES NO...

Страница 50: ...the read ings in the buffer Table 1 8 Exercise 3 Simple scanning Front panel operation Command sequence 1 For front panel operation proceed to step 2 For remote programming clear the buffer TRAC CLE...

Страница 51: ...ands i e FETCh READ Section 15 See Table 15 9 Trigger command summary Appendix D Shows how trigger and read commands control data flow within the instrument NOTE Each exercise indicates the commands u...

Страница 52: ...ply return the last reading If you again send one of these commands before triggering a new reading the old reading will be returned Return Basic Reading3 4 INIT Trigger Reading READ 2 If there is no...

Страница 53: ...red in the buffer Statistics for buffer readings are also stored in the buffer CALC2 commands are used to calculate and return buffer statistics see Section 6 for details TRAC CLE Clear Buffer1 Trigge...

Страница 54: ...l be returned If there is no MATH function enabled FETCh and CALC DATA will return the basic reading MATH functions are covered in Section 5 2 None of these read commands trigger measurements They sim...

Страница 55: ...1 38 Getting Started Model 2750 Multimeter Switch System User s Manual 2750 900 01 book Page 38 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 56: ...tem channel operation Multiple channel operation Provides detailed information for using multiple channel operation Due to safety considerations this operating mode should only be used by experienced...

Страница 57: ...put for that module Most switching modules are rated for 303V The following command queries maximum module voltage SYSTem CARDx VMAX Request maximum allowable voltage for CARDx where x is the slot num...

Страница 58: ...le is already connected to DUT make sure power is removed from all external circuitry Module installation WARNING Slot covers must be installed on unused slots to prevent personal con tact with high v...

Страница 59: ...ected For example if 1000V is con nected to the front panel input the test lead insulation for the switch ing module must also be rated for 1000V Dangerous arcs of an explosive nature in a high energy...

Страница 60: ...m PCARd2 name Install pseudocard in slot 2 SYSTem PCARd3 name Install pseudocard in slot 3 SYSTem PCARd4 name Install pseudocard in slot 4 SYSTem PCARd5 name Install pseudocard in slot 5 name C7700 C7...

Страница 61: ...channel operation include the following There can only be one system channel This is the channel that is presently dis played and closed on the Model 2750 When a channel is not displayed there is no...

Страница 62: ...as the paired channel For a switching module that has 20 measurement channels channel 1 is paired to channel 11 channel 2 is paired to channel 12 channel 3 is paired to channel 13 and so on Figure 2...

Страница 63: ...of the following messages will be briefly displayed when one of these keys is pressed NO SCAN CARD This message indicates that there are no switching modules or pseudocards installed All five slots ar...

Страница 64: ...XXX 3 Using and key in the three digit channel you want to select 4 Press ENTER The channel closes and the CHAN annunciator turns on An invalid channel cannot be closed and will cause one of the foll...

Страница 65: ...will open all measurement channels 101 to 120 121 and 122 the backplane isolation channels 124 and 125 and the 2 pole 4 pole channel 123 Figure 2 2 shows the backplane isolation channels and the 2 pol...

Страница 66: ...ll result in error 222 Parameter data out of range b ROUTe CLOSe STATe clist This query returns a 0 open or 1 closed for every measurement channel specified the clist For example assume clist 101 104...

Страница 67: ...here are modules that do not support any measurements at all Non amps module With an amps function selected DCI or ACI system channel oper ation cannot be used to close channels on that module Non mea...

Страница 68: ...the DCI or ACI function the message INVALID FUNC will be displayed briefly For remote programming error 221 Settings conflict is generated Example SYST PRES Restores system preset defaults ROUT CLOS...

Страница 69: ...are used to close channels Front panel system single channel operation cannot be used to close channels on a non measure module For front panel operation system channel operation will cause message N...

Страница 70: ...ing modules and external circuitry Multiple channel operation should be restricted to experienced test engineers who recognize the dangers associated with multiple channel closures NOTE Multiple chann...

Страница 71: ...ng module that is connected to an external source that is turned on Turn off all power sources before 1 making or breaking connec tions to the module and 2 installing or removing the module into or ou...

Страница 72: ...ated with system channel operation also apply to multiple channel operation Figure 2 6 Multiple channel operation specifying a channel to close OPEN key The OPEN key has two options to open channels A...

Страница 73: ...Table 2 2 Multiple channel control commands Commands Description Ref ROUTe MULTiple CLOSe clist Specify one or more channels to close a ROUTe MULTiple OPEN clist Open channels specified in list Unlist...

Страница 74: ...clist With this command you can open one or more switching module channels When you send this command to open the channels specified in the clist only those listed channels will open Channels not spec...

Страница 75: ...ct the already closed system channel it will not re close the paired channel For details see Anomaly 2 example opening the paired channel NOTE The following anomaly examples assume a Model 7700 instal...

Страница 76: ...s channel 101 to DMM Input Channel 111 paired channel for 4 wire measurements Channel 124 connects channel 111 to DMM Sense Channel 123 isolates channel 101 from channel 111 The Model 2750 will displa...

Страница 77: ...The Model 7700 is configured as two inde pendent multiplexers by closing channel 23 As shown in Figure 2 8 the closed position of channel 23 isolates Multiplexer A channels 1 through 10 from Multiplex...

Страница 78: ...emain closed while testing DUT Opening channel 24 isolates the external source from the backplane of the Model 2750 This channel must remain open while testing DUT Closing channel 25 connects an input...

Страница 79: ...al multiplexer application connections Ch 1 DUT 1 H1 LO Ch 2 DUT 2 H1 LO Ch 10 DUT 10 H1 LO Ch 11 H1 LO Ch 12 H1 LO Ch 20 H1 LO Ch 23 Closed Ch 25 Ch 24 H1 LO External Source Model 7700 Switching Modu...

Страница 80: ...afe practice to open all channels at the start and end of the test Front panel operation Press OPEN Display ALL Press OPEN Remote programming ROUT OPEN ALL 2 Close channels 23 and 25 Front panel opera...

Страница 81: ...last DUT is tested repeat step 1 to open all channels Figure 2 10 Testing DUT 1 DMM Model 7700 Switching Module Model 2750 Slot 1 Equivalent Circuit DUT 1 Ch 23 Closed HI LO HI LO HI LO HI LO HI LO DM...

Страница 82: ...the following operations Configure digital inputs and outputs and analog outputs for switching modules that have one or more of those capabilities i e Models 7706 and 7707 View the analog input channe...

Страница 83: ...channels for the 4 wire measurement Channel 123 is the 4 pole relay setting and channels 124 and 125 connect input and sense to the DMM of the Model 2750 Figure 2 2 NOTE Some switching modules have a...

Страница 84: ...he OPT command can be used to determine which switching modules or pseudocards are installed in the Model 2750 For example assume a Model 7700 is installed in slot 1 a Model 7706 is installed in slot...

Страница 85: ...0 is returned for an open channel and a 1 is returned for a closed channel For details see Table 2 2 and related reference information SYSTem CARD commands There is a series of SYSTem CARD commands t...

Страница 86: ...e summa rized in Table 2 3 Details follow the table NOTE The relay closure count can be reset to zero For details see Model 2750 Service Manual Plug in module relay closure count Table 2 3 Relay closu...

Страница 87: ...nly at a user set time interval which is initially set to 15 minutes at the factory or whenever the counts are queried Valid intervals set in integer number of minutes are between 10 and 1440 minutes...

Страница 88: ...nnels 23 24 and 25 The open close state of these channels are deter mined by the selected function The Model 7700 has six temperature transducers to monitor the cold junction temperature at the screw...

Страница 89: ...backplane When a 4 wire function is selected channel 23 closes 4 pole position to isolate channels 1 through 10 from channels 11 through 20 With a system channel 1 through 10 closed its paired channe...

Страница 90: ...Channel 23 2 Pole Open 4 Pole Closed See Note 3A 3A To Model 2750 Backplane Channel 25 See Note Backplane Isolation Channel 24 See Note Backplane Isolation Channels 23 and 25 in this schematic refer t...

Страница 91: ...2 36 Close Open Switching Module Channels Model 2750 Multimeter Switch System User s Manual 2750 900 01 book Page 36 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 92: ...easurements DCI and ACI Provides detailed information for making basic DC and AC current measurements Resistance measurements Provides detailed information for making resistance measurements Also cove...

Страница 93: ...to 2 s TEMP Temperature measurements from 200 C to 1820 C CONT Continuity testing using the 1k range CAUTION When using a switching module do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the module To prev...

Страница 94: ...tor clips spade lugs etc for hands off measurements Do not use test leads that decrease voltage spacing These diminish arc protection and create a hazardous condition Use the following sequence when t...

Страница 95: ...led the offset gain and internal temperature measurements are not performed This increases the measurement speed However the zero gain and tempera ture reference points will eventually drift resulting...

Страница 96: ...ssing of the power line cycle If the next trigger Trigger 2 occurs during the negative cycle then the measurement process also starts with the positive going zero crossing Figure 3 1 Line cycle synchr...

Страница 97: ...s Commands Description Default Autozero command SYSTem AZERo STATe b Enable or disable autozero b ON or OFF ON Line synchronization command SYSTem LSYNc STATe b Enable or disable LSYNC b ON or OFF OFF...

Страница 98: ...where S Mainframe slot number 1 2 3 4 or 5 CH Switching module channel number must be 2 digits Examples 101 Slot 1 Channel 1 101 203 Slot 1 Channel 1 and Slot 2 Channel 3 101 110 Slot 1 Channels 1 thr...

Страница 99: ...nput divider With the input resistance lowered a more stable 0V reading is achieved with an open input Also some external devices such as a high voltage probe must be terminated to a 10M load The inpu...

Страница 100: ...Input 750V RMS 1000V peak 8 x 10 VHz 7 Input Resistance 10M on 1000V and 100V ranges 10G on 10V 1V and 100mV ranges Caution Maximum Input 1000V peak A DCV Connections B ACV Connections DC Voltage Sour...

Страница 101: ...n in Figure 3 3C one DC voltage source is connected to a primary channel i e 104 and the other source is connected to its paired channel i e 114 NOTE The ratio and channel average calculations are cov...

Страница 102: ...NG If both the front panel terminals and the switching module terminals are connected at the same time the test leads must be rated to the high est voltage that is connected For example if 1000V is co...

Страница 103: ...acy including stray signal pick up and thermal offsets Shielding AC voltages that are extremely large compared with the DC signal to be measured may produce an erroneous output Therefore to minimize A...

Страница 104: ...be shielded or unshielded as necessary Refer to Shielding page E 9 Widely varying temperatures within the circuit can also create thermal EMFs Therefore maintain constant temperatures to minimize the...

Страница 105: ...tion For switching modules it must be in the R in position WARNING To prevent electric shock never make or break connections while power is present in the test circuit Front panel inputs When using th...

Страница 106: ...apply more than 3A to the input or the AMPS fuse will blow Model 7700 switching module When performing current measure ments the maximum allowable voltage is 60VDC or 30V RMS Exceeding these limits co...

Страница 107: ...r fuse replacement information Resistance measurements 2 and 4 The Model 2750 uses the constant current method to measure resistance from 1 to 1M The Model 2750 sources a constant current I to the res...

Страница 108: ...each of the 20 channels can be used to perform 2 measurements For 4 measurements a channel pair is used for each 4 wire measurement as shown in Figure 3 7B For 4 connections channels 1 through 10 whic...

Страница 109: ...LO terminals A 2 Connections B 4 Connections Model 2750 Front Panel Shielded Cable Optional Shield Resistance Under Test Model 2750 Front Panel Optional Shield Resistance Under Test Shielded Cable 3A...

Страница 110: ...Select the ohms measurement function by pressing 2 or 4 3 Use the RANGE and keys to select a measurement range consistent with the expected resistance or press AUTO to select autoranging AUTO annunci...

Страница 111: ...a normal reading is displayed or press AUTO for autorang ing For manual ranging use the lowest possible range for the best resolution 7 To measure other switching channels repeat steps 5 and 6 8 When...

Страница 112: ...et compensated ohms can only be performed on the 4 function using the 1 10 100 1k or 10k range Make sure you use 4 wire connections to the DUT see Connections page 3 8 NOTE Make sure the INPUTS switch...

Страница 113: ...for the 4 function only Also offset compensated ohms OCOMP can be used with dry circuit ohms to can cel the effect of thermal EMFs Dry circuit ohms applications Measuring contact resistance oxide fil...

Страница 114: ...ed on the 4 function using the 1 10 100 or 1k range as follows NOTE Make sure the INPUTS switch is in the correct position To use front panel inputs it must be in the F out position For switching modu...

Страница 115: ...aintained at the DUT The voltage is monitored at the Sense HI terminal This allows the Model 2750 to accom modate an additional 80 of range of path resistance per lead So when measuring a 1 resistor t...

Страница 116: ...anges The thermocouple voltage equates to a temperature reading This is the basic operation principle of the thermocouple NOTE The equation to calculate thermocouple temperature is provided in Appendi...

Страница 117: ...ple channel operation ROUT MULT command to connect a switching module input channel to the DMM the SIMulated reference junction will be used if the INTernal or EXTernal reference junction is selected...

Страница 118: ...ouple temperature measurement is performed NOTE Channel average cannot be used with thermocouple temperature measurements if open thermocouple detection is enabled Thermistors For thermistors the temp...

Страница 119: ...USER RTD per scan list Connections NOTE When using the front panel inputs the INPUTS switch must be in the F out position For switching modules it must be in the R in position Thermocouple connection...

Страница 120: ...erature of two thermocouple channels using Channel Average see Section 5 for details As shown in Figure 3 8D one thermocouple is connected to a primary channel 1 through 10 and the other thermocouple...

Страница 121: ...n Internal Reference Junction Model 7700 Thermocouple Thermocouple Thermocouple C Internal Reference Junction Model 7700 H L CH 1 20 Model 7700 Switching Module Thermocouple Ice Bath Copper wire to th...

Страница 122: ...nch Yellow Blue K U S Yellow Red R U S Black Red British Brown Blue British White Blue DIN Red Green DIN Red White Japanese Red White Japanese Red White French Yellow Purple French Yellow Green N U S...

Страница 123: ...front panel inputs or to any of the 20 input channels of the Model 7700 switching module as shown in Figure 3 9 Figure 3 9 Thermistor connections Model 2750 Input HI Input LO A Front Panel Inputs Ther...

Страница 124: ...o a primary channel 1 through 10 while the two sense leads are connected to its paired channel 11 through 20 Channel 1 is paired to channel 11 channel 2 is paired to channel 12 and so on Figure 3 10 4...

Страница 125: ...e Model 7700 The INT reference junction setting cannot be selected if there is not at least one INT card installed in the unit With no INT cards installed selecting INT will cause the NO INT CARDS me...

Страница 126: ...Beta Delta and at 0 C parameters for the five basic RTD types are provided in Table 3 6 Note that these parameters can be modified using remote programming Table 3 5 Thermistor temperature measurement...

Страница 127: ...the R in position 1 If a switching channel is presently closed displayed press OPEN to open it 2 Select the temperature measurement function by pressing TEMP 3 Configure the temperature measurement a...

Страница 128: ...riod use a zero crossing trigger meaning that a count is taken when the frequency crosses the zero level The Model 2750 uses a reciprocal counting technique to measure frequency and period This method...

Страница 129: ...nputs Model 7700 switching module Connections for the Model 7700 switching module are shown in Figure 3 12 For this 2 wire measurement channels 1 through 20 can be used Figure 3 12 FREQ and PERIOD con...

Страница 130: ...apply more than maximum input levels indicated in Figure 3 11 and Figure 3 12 or instrument damage may occur 5 If using a switching module perform the following steps to close the desired channel a P...

Страница 131: ...AST 0 1 PLC Limits and digital outputs cannot be used when testing continuity with the conti nuity CONT function If you need to use these operations use the 2 function to test continuity Connections N...

Страница 132: ...he ohms reading will be displayed If the measurement is above the threshold level the message OPEN will be displayed 5 To disable continuity testing select a different function i e press DCV NOTE The...

Страница 133: ...ent commands Commands1 Description Default Ref Select measurement function SENSe 1 Optional root command FUNCtion name clist Select measurement function name VOLTage DC VOLTage AC CURRent DC CURRent A...

Страница 134: ...8 K 23 C d TEMPerature THERmistor NRf clist Set thermistor type in ohms NRf 1950 to 10050 5000 TEMPerature FRTD TYPE name clist Select FRTD type name PT100 D100 F100 PT3916 PT385 or USER PT100 e TEMPe...

Страница 135: ...ding string FETCh Return reading s READ Trigger and return reading s Channel list parameter clist SCH where S Mainframe slot number 1 2 3 4 or 5 CH Switching module channel number must be 2 digits Exa...

Страница 136: ...he 4 function to enable offset compensated ohms and or dry circuit ohms When 4 is selected offset compensated ohms and or dry circuit ohms will be enabled When using the clist parameter to configure a...

Страница 137: ...te annunciators are turned off h UNIT TEMPerature name To set temperature measurement units to C use the C or CEL parameter For F use the F or FAR parameter For Kelvin use the K parameter i Trigger an...

Страница 138: ...AMPle COUNt which specifies the number of measurements to be performed can be set 1 After INITiate is sent to trigger the measurements FETCh will return the reading strings In general READ performs an...

Страница 139: ...T CONT OFF FUNC FRES Select 4 function FRES RANG 1e3 Select 1k range FRES OCOM ON Enable offset compensated ohms READ Trigger and return one reading Example 3 temperature measurement using Model 7700...

Страница 140: ...ated by dashes in the display sending this command will cause a 230 Data corrupt or stale error This query will not cause the box to trigger a reading nor will it wait for a result if a reading is in...

Страница 141: ...ing INIT CONT ON sending this query may cause a 213 Init ignored error but will still give a new reading When appropriate If the instrument receives a RST command then it defaults to INIT CONT OFF TRI...

Страница 142: ...ete if a reading is in progress The CALC DATA FRESh query is similar to the DATA FRESh query but applies to readings that have math applied to them e g MX B scaling SENSe 1 DATA LATest What it does Th...

Страница 143: ...1 READ Enter reading One shot reading DC volts bus trigger auto ranging RST INITiate CONTinuous OFF ABORt TRIGger SOURce BUS SENSe FUNCtion VOLTage DC SENSe VOLTage DC RANGe AUTO ON TRIGger COUNt 1 I...

Страница 144: ...Model 2750 Multimeter Switch System User s Manual Basic DMM Operation 3 53 2750 900 01 book Page 53 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 145: ...3 54 Basic DMM Operation Model 2750 Multimeter Switch System User s Manual 2750 900 01 book Page 54 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 146: ...etails on selecting display resolution Includes the commands for remote programming Rate and bandwidth Provides details on integration rate and bandwidth for AC measurements Includes the commands for...

Страница 147: ...ange selection for temperature measurements Temperature mea surements are performed on a single fixed range Depending on which type of sensor is being used the maximum temperature readings range from...

Страница 148: ...when optimum speed is required Note that the AUTO key has no effect on temperature TEMP Up ranging occurs at 120 of range The Model 2750 will down range when the reading is 10 of nominal range To disa...

Страница 149: ...b ON or OFF ON CURRent AC RANGe n clist Select ACI range n 0 to 3 A 3 CURRent AC RANGe AUTO b clist Control ACI auto range b ON or OFF ON RESistance RANGe n clist Select 2 range n 0 to 120e6 120e6 RES...

Страница 150: ...g command sequence configures channel 101 of the Model 7700 to select the 10VDC range when it is scanned FUNC VOLT 101 Set 101 for DCV function VOLT RANG 1 5 101 Set 101 for 10V range Digits The DIGIT...

Страница 151: ...to 7 6 RESistance DIGits n clist Set of digits for 2 n 4 to 7 7 FRESistance DIGits n clist Set of digits for 4 n 4 to 7 7 TEMPerature DIGits n clist Set of digits for TEMP n 4 to 7 6 FREQuency DIGits...

Страница 152: ...earest integer As implied by the commands in Table 4 3 each mainframe input function can have its own unique digits setting Digits programming examples Example 1 The following commands set digits for...

Страница 153: ...panel 0 01 PLC from the bus results in increased reading noise and fewer usable digits while the slowest integra tion time 5 PLC from the front panel 50 PLC from the bus provides the best common mode...

Страница 154: ...hile the MEDium and SLOW NPLC settings are ignored see Bandwidth page 4 10 for details From the front panel setting the rate for one function affects all the other functions For example if you set DCV...

Страница 155: ...d from 1200 digitized samples 1 2s When the Medium bandwidth 30Hz to 300kHz is chosen the same circuit is used How ever only 120 samples 120ms are needed for an accurate calculation because the analog...

Страница 156: ...Set rate for ACV in PLCs n 0 01 to xx 2 5 5 0 VOLTage AC APERture NRf clist Set rate for ACV in secs NRf x to1 3 5 Note 4 CURRent DC NPLCycles n clist Set rate for DCI in PLCs n 0 01 to x 2 5 0 CURRen...

Страница 157: ...5 6 30 Channel list parameter clist SCH where S Mainframe slot number 1 2 3 4 or 5 CH Switching module channel number must be 2 digits Examples 101 Slot 1 Channel 1 101 203 Slot 1 Channel 1 and Slot 2...

Страница 158: ...ngs conflict error 221 and not be executed For a bandwidth setting of 300 the normal A D conversion method is used therefore the integration rate commands can be used The default bandwidth setting is...

Страница 159: ...he average while the repeating filter only averages a stack that is filled with new A D conversions Details on digital filter characteristics are provided as follows Filter count The filter count spec...

Страница 160: ...ver age filter uses a first in first out stack When the stack becomes full the measurement conversions are averaged yielding a reading For each subsequent conversion placed in the stack the oldest con...

Страница 161: ...quent valid reading will then dis place one of the loaded readings in the stack The FILT annunciator will flash until 10 new readings fill the stack Conversion 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Conversion Average...

Страница 162: ...o display the desired window setting 0 01 0 1 1 10 or NONE and press ENTER 4 Use the and keys to display the number of readings to filter 1 to 100 and press ENTER 5 Use the or key to display the desir...

Страница 163: ...set to NONE and if the mov ing filter is selected the filter will not enable when the scan is run For the advanced scan filter state on or off and count can be set for each channel You cannot set uniq...

Страница 164: ...DC AVERage TCONtrol name Select filter type name MOVing or REPeat Note 2 VOLTage DC AVERage WINDow NRf Set filter window in NRf 0 to 10 0 1 VOLTage DC AVERage COUNt n clist Specify filter count n 1 to...

Страница 165: ...CURRent AC AVERage TCONtrol name Select filter type name MOVing or REPeat Note 2 CURRent AC AVERage WINDow NRf Set filter window in NRf 0 to 10 0 1 CURRent AC AVERage COUNt n clist Specify filter cou...

Страница 166: ...e filter Note 3 Channel list parameter clist SCH where S Mainframe slot number 1 2 3 4 or 5 CH Switching module channel number must be 2 digits Examples 101 Slot 1 Channel 1 101 203 Slot 1 Channel 1 a...

Страница 167: ...1 Set filter window to 0 01 CURR AVER COUN 10 Set to filter 10 readings CURR AVER ON Enable filter Example 2 The following command sequence configures channels 101 through 115 of the Model 7700 to use...

Страница 168: ...or remote programming Ratio and channel average Explains how to use these calculations to display the ratio or average of two switching channels dB Explains how to use remote programming to configure...

Страница 169: ...ble input for that range For exam ple on the 10V range the Model 2750 still overflows for a 12V input NOTE The various instrument operations including Relative are performed on the input signal in a s...

Страница 170: ...gure a scan channel to use rel 1 While in the normal measurement state select the appropriate function and close the appropriate channel For example if scan channel 101 is going to be configured for D...

Страница 171: ...to 1010 V 0 VOLTage DC REFerence STATe b clist Enable disable rel b ON or OFF OFF VOLTage DC REFerence ACQuire clist Use input signal as rel value Rel commands for ACV SENSe 1 Optional root command V...

Страница 172: ...or 4 SENSe 1 Optional root command FRESistance REFerence n clist Specify rel value n 0 to 120e6 0 FRESistance REFerence STATe b clist Enable disable rel b ON or OFF OFF FRESistance REFerence ACQuire c...

Страница 173: ...mmand is VOLT DC REF ACQ Also if the instrument is overflowed OVERFLOW or a read ing has not been triggered an execution error 200 occurs when ACQuire is sent The REFerence n command is coupled to the...

Страница 174: ...2 The following command sequence configures channel 101 of the Model 7700 to enable rel and use a 1V rel value when it is scanned FUNC VOLT 101 Select DCV for channel 101 VOLT REF 1 101 Set 1V rel va...

Страница 175: ...including Math are performed on the input signal in a sequential manner See Signal processing sequence page D 2 for details It includes flowcharts showing where in the processing sequence that the Mat...

Страница 176: ...crement decrement the digit value To change range place the cursor on the multiplier and use the and keys m 0 001 1 K 1000 and M 1 000 000 With the cursor on the polarity sign the and keys tog gle pol...

Страница 177: ...R to dis play the present reference value REF 1 000000 factory default 3 Key in the reference value The and keys control cursor position and the and keys increment decrement the digit value To change...

Страница 178: ...reading will be displayed 0 400000 R Reciprocal 1 X configuration 1 Press SHIFT and then MATH to display the math menu 2 Press the RANGE or key to display 1 X and press ENTER The MATH annunciator wil...

Страница 179: ...hannels 21 and 22 are available for DCI and ACI Channels 1 through 20 are available for all other functions 4 If using a switching module REAR inputs selected use the or key to select close the input...

Страница 180: ...4967295 1 CALCulate 1 KMATh MBFactor NRf clist Set mX b b factor NRf 4294967295 to 4294967295 0 CALCulate 1 KMATh MUNits char clist Set mX b units see Setting mX b units X CALCulate 1 KMATh PERCent NR...

Страница 181: ...n a reference value is set using PERCent NRf the PERCent query command returns the programmed value When reference is set using ACQuire the PERCent query com mand returns the acquired reference value...

Страница 182: ...MMF 2 Set m factor to 2 CALC KMAT MBF 100 Set b factor to 100 CALC STAT ON Enable math calculation ROUT CLOS 101 Close channel 101 CALC DATA Read mX b result for channel 101 ROUT CLOS 102 Close chann...

Страница 183: ...closed primary channel It then opens the primary channel and closes and measures the paired channel Ratio or channel average is then calculated from the two readings and displayed If the Model 2750 i...

Страница 184: ...the channel average calculation To disable channel average again press SHIFT and then CH AVG 5 When finished there are two ways to disable the calculation Press the OPEN key The calculation will disa...

Страница 185: ...re and run a scan are provided in Section 7 Advanced scan configuration notes 1 When a calculation ratio or channel average is enabled for a primary scan chan nel the following setup actions occur a T...

Страница 186: ...al root command RATio STATe b clist Enable disable ratio b ON or OFF OFF RATio DELay NRf clist Set delay in secs NRf 0 to 99999 999 0 5 CAVerage STATe b clist Enable disable channel average b ON or OF...

Страница 187: ...annel average Ratio and channel average programming examples Example 1 The following command sequence performs the ratio calculation using primary channel 102 of the Model 7700 After READ is sent the...

Страница 188: ...ative value of dB is 160dB This will accommodate a ratio of VIN 1 V and VREF 1000V dB configuration Remote programming must be used to configure the Model 2750 for dB measurements It cannot be configu...

Страница 189: ...Def DCV dB commands UNITs VOLTage DC name Select DCV measurements name V or DB V UNITs VOLTage DC DB REFerence n Set reference in volts n 1e 7 to 1000 1 ACV dB commands UNITs VOLTage AC name Select A...

Страница 190: ...dings and discusses the various statistics available on buffer data including minimum and maximum val ues average mean standard deviation and peak to peak values Remote programming buffer Summarizes t...

Страница 191: ...equence that Buffer operations occur Front panel buffer Auto clear With buffer auto clear enabled the buffer is cleared readings lost before a new storage operation starts The buffer can be manually c...

Страница 192: ...uffer auto clear press ENTER or EXIT NOTE If you change the state of buffer auto clear the buffer will clear 3 To change the state of buffer auto clear press to place the cursor on the present setting...

Страница 193: ...are provided For remote operation the absolute or delta timestamp is returned with each buffer reading The TRACe TSTamp FORMat command selects the relative timestamp type Table 6 1 Real time clock tim...

Страница 194: ...ed configuration 2 Press the STORE key 3 Use the and keys to specify the number of readings to store in the buffer 2 to 110000 Pressing the AUTO key sets the readings count to 000000 NOTE With buffer...

Страница 195: ...ng or decre menting the buffer reading number by 100 and then finally by 500 When you get close to the desired reading number release the or key Again press and hold in the or key to scroll one readin...

Страница 196: ...used to calculate mean where y is the average Xi is a stored reading n is the number of stored readings RDG NO 10 Reading Value Time Date RDG NO 9 Reading Value Time Date RDG NO 8 Reading Value Time D...

Страница 197: ...the TRACe command or by front panel data store operation INIT and multi sample READ queries are locked out With readings in the buffer that were stored in that manner you cannot use the INIT or READ c...

Страница 198: ...or NONE CALC h TRACe FEED CONTrol name Set buffer control name NEVer NEXT or ALWays NEV h TRACe DATA Read all readings in the buffer i TRACe DATA SELected start count Specify readings to be returned...

Страница 199: ...r the buffer SYSTem TSTamp TYPE and TRACe TSTamp TYPE Both of these commands query the timestamp type However SYSTem TSTamp TYPE queries the timestamp that will be used for the next storage operation...

Страница 200: ...CALCulate parameter the result of the cal culation is stored in the buffer The NONE parameter disables storage into the buffer Math functions are covered in Section 5 NOTE In order to store readings i...

Страница 201: ...ding TRACe NEXT Query buffer location for next stored reading Assume that the above query returned value 37 Now you can use that value as the count parameter for the following command to return the 37...

Страница 202: ...set by the TRACe TSTamp FORMat command FORMat ELEMents READing CHANnel UNITs RNUMber TSTamp LIMits Choose the elements to be outputted with each DATA or each buffer reading in a TRAC DATA RNUMber is...

Страница 203: ...performed on a buffer that has more than 1000 readings the CALCULATING message will flash to indicate that the Model 2750 is busy While busy with the calculation remote program ming commands will not...

Страница 204: ...Model 2750 Multimeter Switch System User s Manual Buffer 6 15 2750 900 01 book Page 15 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 205: ...6 16 Buffer Model 2750 Multimeter Switch System User s Manual 2750 900 01 book Page 16 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 206: ...d scan Covers other scan options including delay monitor auto configuration saving setups and auto scan Scan operation Provides the step by step procedures to perform a basic scan a manual external tr...

Страница 207: ...ocard in slot 2 SYSTem PCARd3 C7700 Install 7700 pseudocard in slot 3 SYSTem PCARd4 C7700 Install 7700 pseudocard in slot 4 SYSTem PCARd5 C7700 Install 7700 pseudocard in slot 5 Pseudocards for other...

Страница 208: ...un in this order 101 102 105 108 109 For remote programming a non sequential scan can be configured Channels are scanned in the order that they are listed in the scan list This allows backward scannin...

Страница 209: ...the channel that is presently closed If both a reading AND a scan channel are displayed the reading and annuncia tors pertain to that channel but that channel is no longer closed The next chan nel in...

Страница 210: ...l Timer Event Detection Output Trigger Another Reading Trigger Counter Reading Count Yes No Close First Chan in List Open Last Chan Close Next Chan in List Ratio Chan Average Delay Measurement Process...

Страница 211: ...ection Another Scan Trigger Counter Yes No Close First Chan in List Open Last Chan Close Next Chan in List Ratio Chan Average Delay Measurement Process Device Action Output Trigger Another Reading Yes...

Страница 212: ...d the Model 2750 outputs a trigger pulse If programmed to again scan the channels in the scan list the Model 2750 will wait at the control source for another trigger event After all the scan list chan...

Страница 213: ...tween scanned channels SCAN operation As shown in Figure 7 2 the timer control source affects the timing between scans It has no effect on the timing between scanned channels External trigger control...

Страница 214: ...l average enabled a delay is typically used to keep the channel relays from cycling too fast The default delay period is 0 5 sec onds but can be set from 0 to 999999 999 seconds using remote programmi...

Страница 215: ...finity INF the scan will continuously repeat until you stop it NOTE As shown in Figure 7 2 two counters are used for SCAN operation The Trigger counter controls the number of scans and the Sample Coun...

Страница 216: ...west numbered channel to the highest Non sequential backward scanning is only intended to be performed using remote programming Unexpected results may occur if a non sequential scan is run from the fr...

Страница 217: ...user saved setup SAV0 SAV1 or SAV2 For a front panel configured scan the timer state NO or YES timer value and reading count value are also saved However if the settings for a user setup or power on s...

Страница 218: ...arting channel MIN CHAN and an ending channel MAX CHAN for the scan These settings determine the number of channels in the scan For example if you set MIN CHAN to 101 and MAX CHAN to 110 there will be...

Страница 219: ...the channel setup menu the displayed information indicates the present setup for the selected channel The position of the decimal point in the SETUP message indicates present range Examples SETUP V 1...

Страница 220: ...or channel 101 channels 101 through 120 will assume the DCV setup Note that channels for other slots are not affected When you press the 4 function key for a primary channel the subsequently paired ch...

Страница 221: ...l able channels that follow will assume the same setup Note however that channels for the other slots are not affected NOTE For the Model 7700 DCI and ACI cannot be selected for module channels 1 thro...

Страница 222: ...to 0 001 sec With the desired interval displayed press ENTER Step 5 Set the reading count The displayed reading count RDG CT sets the number channels to scan STEP or the number of scans to run SCAN Y...

Страница 223: ...scanned the scan will disable with the monitor channel closed Monitor can be used with limit testing to trigger the start of a scan When the monitor detects that a set reading limit has been reached t...

Страница 224: ...r channel also changes When you change the monitor channel while in the normal measurement state the instru ment setup does not change If you want the monitor channel to assume the setup of the scan l...

Страница 225: ...nu SAV0 SAV1 and SAV2 A user saved setup can also be used as the power on setup A user saved setup can be restored from the SHIFT SETUP menu Details on user setups are covered in Section 1 Auto scan W...

Страница 226: ...s that are turned off will not be scanned 3 Keep in mind that the Timer Delay for STEP occurs between channels while the Timer Delay for SCAN occurs between scans If the timer is off both scans will r...

Страница 227: ...buffer the display may not indicate the correct mX B units symbol or annunciator for each channel For example assume one channel used OCOMP ohms while a second used 2 When the read ings are recalled t...

Страница 228: ...he scan list closes The reading count determines how many channel measurements will be performed during the scan sequence If the reading count is greater than the scan list length operation loops back...

Страница 229: ...ps to run a monitor scan NOTE The last enabled scan function STEP or SCAN will be used for the monitor scan 1 Perform Step 1 and Step 2 of the Advanced scan setup procedure to set up scan channels Wit...

Страница 230: ...scan Table 7 1 4 While in the normal measurement state select and enable the monitor channel as explained in see Scan configuration Monitor channel page 7 18 When the reading limit for the monitor cha...

Страница 231: ...ude INITiate Initiate one scan cycle READ Initiate one scan cycle and request sample readings More information on using these commands is provided by Reference c that follows Table 7 1 Control sources...

Страница 232: ...rate would generate error 700 Invalid function in scanlist Buffer For front panel scanning the reading count specifies the number of readings to store in the buffer For remote scanning the sample cou...

Страница 233: ...number of channels to scan NRf 2 to 110000 Note 3 d ROUTe MONitor STATe b Enable disable monitor b ON or OFF OFF ROUTe MONitor DATA Returns the most recent monitor reading ROUTe CLOSe ACONfigure b Ena...

Страница 234: ...b Enable disable continuous initiation b ON or OFF f INITiate Initiate one scan cycle f READ Initiate one scan cycle and request sample readings f Buffer commands TRACe DATA Read buffer readings TRACe...

Страница 235: ...rd to channel 101 NOTES Non sequential scanning is only intended to be performed using remote pro gramming Unexpected results may occur if a non sequential scan is run from the front panel There must...

Страница 236: ...IMMediate command must be the only parameter in the list To use reading limits each limit must be separated by a comma Examples ROUT SCAN TSO IMM Start scan when it is enabled and triggered ROUT SCAN...

Страница 237: ...sample counter 1 see Reference c f INITiate CONTinuous INITiate and READ In order to initiate a single scan cycle using INITiate or READ continuous initiation must be disabled If you send INIT or REA...

Страница 238: ...hen press ENTER to select it External trigger scan For this example an external instrument is used to trigger the start of the 2 channel scan Trigger pulse requirements and trigger cable connections a...

Страница 239: ...closes and the Model 2750 waits for an external trigger When the trigger is received channels 101 and 102 are measured Operation then returns to the control source where it waits for another trigger N...

Страница 240: ...ure SHIFT SENSOR Select thermocouple sensor SENS TCOUPLE TEMP TRAN TC 101 Select type K thermocouple TYPE K TEMP TC TYPE K 101 Select internal reference junction JUNC INT TEMP RJUN RSEL INT 101 b Chan...

Страница 241: ...or scan operation is shown in Figure 7 5 while the procedure steps and programming commands are listed in Table 7 3 In Figure 7 5 notice that there are two modes of operation While in the monitor mode...

Страница 242: ...re 7 5 Monitor scan example 30 C 4 Measurements Measure TEMP Close Monitor Channel 101 No Yes Measure Open Last Chan Close Next Chan Close First Channel Return to Monitor Mode No Yes SCAN Monitor Mode...

Страница 243: ...b Set and enable high limit 1 Set limit to 30 SHIFT LIMITS HI1 30 00000 CALC3 LIM1 UPP 30 101 Enable on limit SHIFT OFF ON LIMITS ON CALC3 LIM1 STAT ON 101 Enable Channel Average SHIFT CH AVG CAV ON...

Страница 244: ...ations of the instrument External triggering Explains external triggering which allows the Model 2750 to trigger and be triggered by other instruments Remote programming triggering Covers remote opera...

Страница 245: ...e instru ment will not stay in idle Operation will continuously fall through the idle state and pro ceed to the Event Detection block of the trigger model When in the one shot trigger mode RST default...

Страница 246: ...mmable delay is available after event detection It can be set manually or an auto delay can be used With auto delay selected the instrument automatically selects a delay period that will provide suffi...

Страница 247: ...ms 10V 1ms 100V 5ms 1000V 5ms ACV 100mV 400ms 1V 400ms 10V 400ms 100V 400ms 750V 400ms FREQ and PERIOD 100mV 1ms 1V 1ms 10V 1ms 100V 1ms 750V 1ms DCI 20mA 2ms 100mA 2ms 1A 2ms 3A 2ms ACI 1A 400ms 3A 4...

Страница 248: ...nversions for a moving average filter is reached After a reading Rdg is procured operation proceeds to Channel Closure Channel Closure When scanning the last device action is channel control The Model...

Страница 249: ...line 2 as EXT TRIG The connector pinout is shown in Figure 8 3 Digital I O Pin 6 Ext Trig of the Digital I O can also be used as the external trigger input for the Model 2750 Line 2 of the TRIG LINK i...

Страница 250: ...ink input pulse specifications EXT TRIG Voltmeter complete The VMC output provides a TTL compatible output pulse that can be used to trigger other instruments The specifications for this trigger pulse...

Страница 251: ...1 DUT 400 DUT 2 Output Card 1 1 2 400 10 7011 MUX Cards Model 2750 MODEL 2750 MULTIMETER SWITCH SYSTEM INTEGRA SERIES SLOT 1 SLOT 3 SLOT 4 SLOT 5 SLOT 2 RANGE AUTO SHIFT LOCAL POWER RANGE EXIT ENTER...

Страница 252: ...ngs Model 7002 Factory defaults restored Scan list 1 1 1 400 Number of scans 1 Channel spacing TrigLink Figure 8 7 Trigger link connections Model 2750 IEEE 488 MADE IN U S A CAT I DIGITAL I O TRIG LIN...

Страница 253: ...re 8 8 Figure 8 8 Operation model for triggering example A Pressing EX TRIG on the Model 2750 places it at point A in the flowchart where it is waiting for an external trigger B Pressing STEP on the M...

Страница 254: ...es the next channel in the scan This triggers the Model 2750 to measure the next DUT The process continues until all 400 channels are scanned measured and stored in the buffer External triggering with...

Страница 255: ...be in the idle state whenever operation is at the top of the trigger model As shown in Figure 8 10 initiation needs to be satisfied to take the instru ment out of idle While in the idle state the inst...

Страница 256: ...ly leave the idle state when it is sent The RCL command will do the same if INITiation CONTinuous ON is a user saved default RST disables continuous initiation Therefore the instrument will remain in...

Страница 257: ...s Idle and Initiate Trigger Source Immediate Trigger Source External Trigger Source Timer Trigger Source Manual Trigger Source BUS Trigger Delay n Trigger Delay AUTO b Another Trigger Output Trigger A...

Страница 258: ...The timer source is only available during scan operation The timer resets to its initial state when the instrument goes into the normal mode of operation or into the idle state EXTernal Event detecti...

Страница 259: ...able disable continuous initiation b ON or OFF Note 1 c FETCh Request the last reading s d READ Perform an ABORt INITiate and a FETCh d TRIGger SOURce name Select control source IMMediate TIMer MANual...

Страница 260: ...use the TRIGger TIMer command to set the interval f DELay AUTO b The auto delay times are listed in Table 8 1 Disabling auto delay sets the delay time to 0 g TRIGger SIGNal Send this action command t...

Страница 261: ...8 18 Triggering Model 2750 Multimeter Switch System User s Manual 2750 900 01 book Page 18 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 262: ...of limit tests Remote programming limits and digital output Summarizes the com mands to perform limit tests and control the digital I O port Application sorting resistors Provides an application to t...

Страница 263: ...e fac tory defaults Limit 1 HI1 1V and LO1 1V Limit 2 HI2 2V and LO2 2V Keep in mind that a limit value for Limit 2 does not have to exceed the Limit 1 value For example Limit 2 can be set to 1V and L...

Страница 264: ...ble for limit testing There are three beeper options NEVER OUTSIDE and INSIDE These options are explained as follows NEVER With this option the beeper is disabled OUTSIDE With this option the beeper s...

Страница 265: ...ator each press of or will increase or decrease the reading by a factor of 10 4 Key in the low limit for Limit 1 LO1 and press ENTER 5 Key in the high limit for Limit 2 HI2 and press ENTER 6 Key in th...

Страница 266: ...Pin 8 of the digital I O is used to enable or disable Trigger In Trigger In is enabled by leaving pin 8 open or pulling it high 5V Trigger In is disabled by setting pin 8 low 0V NOTE External triggeri...

Страница 267: ...2 HI2 Digital Output 5 Master Limit logical OR of the four above limits When a limit LO1 HI2 LO2 or HL2 is reached the digital output line for that limit will be pulled high or low When a reading is...

Страница 268: ...o set pulse time and enable disable pulse output are listed in Table 9 2 See Digital output commands in the table The pulse time does not affect measurement speed If a subsequent in limit reading occu...

Страница 269: ...e fly back diodes connect the external supply voltage to pin 7 of the digital I O port Make sure the external supply voltage is between 5V and 33V and the current required by the device does not excee...

Страница 270: ...ays 4 75k Pull Up Resistor Pin 9 Digital Ground Digital Output Pin 7 Diode Clamp Relay Coil Relay Coil External Power 5V to 33V External Power 5V to 33V Model 2750 Transistor Switch Flyback Diode Equi...

Страница 271: ...es When the out put line is pulled high the transistor will turn off transistor switch open to provide a reli able logic high output 3 75V When the output line goes low the transistor turns on transis...

Страница 272: ...n output will be at approximately 5V when a reading is at or exceeds the limit Conversely with active low selected an output will be at 0V when a reading reaches or exceeds the limit MASTR LATCH Use t...

Страница 273: ...Use the key to display the present logic sense LSENSE setting HIGH or LOW 6 If you want to retain the present logic sense setting proceed to step 7 Otherwise press to move the cursor to the right pres...

Страница 274: ...it 1 test b ON or OFF a CALCulate3 LIMit1 FAIL Query test result 0 pass in 1 fail high or low b CALCulate3 LIMit1 CLEar Clear fail indication c CALCulate3 LIMit1 CLEar AUTO b Enable disable auto clear...

Страница 275: ...he HIGH or LOW annunciator will turn on and the number 2 will be displayed NOTE When limits are disabled from the front panel both Limit 1 and Limit 2 disable for remote operation Commands Description...

Страница 276: ...Limit 2 If auto clear is enabled for a limit the fail indication clears when instrument operation enters the idle state With auto clear disabled the fail indication will remain until it is cleared by...

Страница 277: ...The digital outputs of the Model 2750 can be used to further automate the test system by controlling a compatible component handler to perform the binning operations Limits Limit testing is used to t...

Страница 278: ...lustrated in Figure 9 7 Figure 9 7 Limits to sort 100 resistors 1 5 and 5 Front Panel Operation For front panel operation the INSIDE beeper mode must be used A normal pitch beep and the message IN ind...

Страница 279: ...outputs With the digital outputs of the Model 2750 enabled the digital outputs will respond as fol lows for each resistor reading Limit 1 result Limit 2 result Resistor tolerance Bin assignment Pass...

Страница 280: ...nections General bus commands Describes general bus commands used for fundamen tal GPIB control Front panel GPIB operation Summarizes GPIB error messages status indica tors and using the LOCAL key Pro...

Страница 281: ...ever once it is installed you can take the Model 2750 out of remote and use the front panel When the instrument is turned off the pseudocard will be lost uninstalled Autozero Autozero is part of the n...

Страница 282: ...confuse function setups with scan channel setups For scan channels separate settings for digits rate and filter configuration can be set from either the front panel or remote programming See Section 7...

Страница 283: ...rd set of commands to control every programmable aspect of an instrument Selecting GPIB and setting primary address The Model 2750 is shipped from the factory with the GPIB selected and the primary ad...

Страница 284: ...low many parallel connections to one instrument stack the connectors Two screws are located on each connector to ensure that connections remain secure Present standards call for metric threads which a...

Страница 285: ...ocation of the IEEE 488 connector 2 Tighten the screws securely making sure not to overtighten them 3 Connect any additional connectors from other instruments as required for your application 4 Make s...

Страница 286: ...addressed to listen IFC Goes into talker and listener idle states LLO LOCAL key locked out GTL Cancel remote restore Model 2750 front panel operation Cancel remote restore front panel operation for al...

Страница 287: ...l TALK or LSTN lights if the instrument was previously placed in one of these states Note that this command does not affect the status of the instrument Settings data and event registers are not chang...

Страница 288: ...nts instead of clearing all instruments simultaneously as is the case with DCL GET group execute trigger GET is a GPIB trigger that is used as a trigger event to control operation The Model 2750 react...

Страница 289: ...n remote all front panel keys except for the LOCAL key are locked out When REM is turned off the instrument is in the local state and front panel operation is restored NOTE If LLO is in effect LOCAL w...

Страница 290: ...T key will still be active in LLO Programming syntax The information in this section covers syntax for both common commands and SCPI com mands For information not covered here see the IEEE 488 2 and S...

Страница 291: ...number that can be expressed as an integer e g 8 a real number e g 23 6 or an exponent 2 3E6 Example SYSTem KEY 11 Press EXIT key from over the bus n Numeric value A numeric value parameter can consis...

Страница 292: ...IGger TIMer Queries the timer interval Most commands that require a numeric parameter n can also use the DEFault MINimum and MAXimum parameters for the query form These query forms are used to determi...

Страница 293: ...rmine the short form version of any SCPI command If the length of the command word is four letters or less no short form version exists Example auto auto These rules apply to command words that exceed...

Страница 294: ...ves down the command levels until the command is executed Multiple command messages You can send multiple command messages in the same program message as long as they are separated by semicolons The f...

Страница 295: ...her level requires that you start over at the root command Using common and SCPI commands in the same message Both common commands and SCPI commands can be used in the same message as long as they are...

Страница 296: ...re sent and are separated by semicolons Items within the same query are separated by commas The following example shows the response message for a program message that contains four single item query...

Страница 297: ...nsmission of buffer readings by pressing LOCAL and then EXIT The next command to send buffer data i e TRACe DATA will start at the begin ning rather than where the transmission was halted Baud rate Th...

Страница 298: ...est responding commands and details on OPC and OPC are provided in Section 12 XonXoFF is the FACT and RST default flow control setting If NONE is the selected flow control then there will be no signal...

Страница 299: ...to step 5 Otherwise press the key to place the cursor on the flow control setting use the or key to display the alternate flow control setting and then press ENTER 5 To retain the presently displayed...

Страница 300: ...l 2750 Multimeter Switch System User s Manual Remote Operations 10 21 Figure 10 4 RS 232 interface connector 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Rear Panel Connector 2750 900 01 book Page 21 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 5...

Страница 301: ...connection 2 TXD transmit data 3 RXD receive data 4 No connection 5 GND signal ground 6 Not used 7 RTS ready to send1 8 CTS clear to send1 9 No connection 1 CTS and RTS are not used Table 10 3 PC ser...

Страница 302: ...tatus byte and service request SRQ Explains how to program the Status Byte to generate service requests SRQs Shows how to use the serial poll sequence to detect SRQs Status register sets Provides bit...

Страница 303: ...he RQS MSS bit will set to indicate that an SRQ has occurred Status register sets A typical status register set is made up of a condition register an event register and an event enable register A cond...

Страница 304: ...e Event Enable Register Questionable Condition Register Questionable Event Register 0 2 3 5 6 Cal 7 9 10 11 12 13 15 1 Temp Warn 0 2 3 5 6 Cal 7 9 10 11 12 13 15 1 Temp Warn 0 2 3 5 6 Cal 7 9 10 11 12...

Страница 305: ...s CLS Reset all bits of the following event registers to 0 1 Standard Event Register Operation Event Register Measurement Event Register Questionable Event Register STATus PRESet Reset all bits of the...

Страница 306: ...ure 11 2 indicate the binary parameter value For example if you wish to set bits B4 B3 and B1 the binary value would be 11010 where B4 1 B3 1 B1 1 and all other bits are 0 The binary value is then con...

Страница 307: ...and service request SRQ Service request is controlled by two 8 bit registers the Status Byte Register and the Ser vice Request Enable Register Figure 11 3 shows the structure of these registers Figure...

Страница 308: ...ueue Bit B3 Questionable Summary Bit QSB Set summary bit indicates that an enabled questionable event has occurred Bit B4 Message Available MAV Set summary bit indicates that a response message is pre...

Страница 309: ...e an SRQ service request In your test program you can periodically read the Status Byte to check if an SRQ has occurred and what caused it If an SRQ occurs the program can for exam ple branch to an ap...

Страница 310: ...or Queue SRE 4 Enable EAV XYZ Generate error STB Read Status Byte Register Serial poll programming example This example is written specifically for the KPCI 488 2 GPIB card and QuickBasic VisualBasic...

Страница 311: ...L send addr sre 1 status Enable measurement events CALL send addr init status Start measure store process N 0 Initialize quarter buffer counter WaitSRQ WHILE srq 0 WEND Wait for GPIB SRQ line to go tr...

Страница 312: ...selected device operations are completed and the Model 2750 is ready to accept new com mands This bit only sets in response to the OPC query command See Section 12 for details on OPC and OPC Figure 11...

Страница 313: ...odule types presently installed For details see Defaults and user setups page 1 19 Error 523 Card hardware error Communication with the microprocessor on a switching module card has been lost Error 52...

Страница 314: ...nt LL2 Set bit indicates that a reading has reached or exceeded Low Limit 2 Bit B4 High Limit 2 Fail HL2 Set bit indicates that a reading has reached or exceeded High Limit 2 Bit B5 Reading Available...

Страница 315: ...at the trace buffer is full Bit B10 Buffer Overflow BOF Set bit indicates that the filled buffer has wrapped and written over previously stored readings Bit B11 Hardware Limit Event HL Set bit indicat...

Страница 316: ...6 RAV B5 HL2 B4 LL2 B3 HL1 B2 LL1 B1 ROF B0 OR To Measurement Summary Bit MSB of Status Byte Register ML Master Limit BTF Buffer Three quarter Full BQF Buffer Quarter Full HL Hardware Limit Event BOF...

Страница 317: ...ration Summary Cal Set bit indicates that an invalid calibration constant was detected during the power up sequence The instrument will instead use a default calibration constant This error will clear...

Страница 318: ...Enable Register Warn Command Warning Cal Calibration Summary Temp Temperature Summary Logical AND OR Logical OR 0 B13 B9 B14 B8 B15 0 Warn Cal Questionable Event Register B13 B9 B14 B8 B15 To Questio...

Страница 319: ...nt register bit sets to 1 The bit remains latched to 1 until the register is reset Reading an event register clears the bits of that register CLS resets all four event registers The commands to read t...

Страница 320: ...ramming example program and read register set The following command sequence programs and reads the measurement register set Keep in mind that the Model 2750 has to be addressed to talk after a query...

Страница 321: ...or queue The Error Queue holds error and status messages When an error or status event occurs a message that defines the error status is placed in the Error Queue When a message is placed in the Error...

Страница 322: ...ed list NOTE To prevent all messages from entering the Error Queue send the enable com mand along with the null list parameter as follows STATus QUEue ENABle Programming example read error queue The f...

Страница 323: ...11 22 Status Structure Model 2750 Multimeter Switch System User s Manual 2750 900 01 book Page 22 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 324: ...12 CommonCommands 2750 900 01 book Page 1 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 325: ...er after all pending commands have been executed B OPC Operation complete query Places an ASCII 1 into the output queue when all pending selected device operations have been completed B OPT Option que...

Страница 326: ...the Model 2750 goes back into the idle state The INIT command operation is not considered finished until the Model 2750 goes back into the idle state See the description for WAI for more information o...

Страница 327: ...in the Status Byte Regis ter will set When used with the Initiate Immediately command INITiate a 1 will not be placed into the Output Queue until the Model 2750 goes back into the idle state The INIT...

Страница 328: ...0 1 Memory location 1 2 Memory location 2 Use the SAV command to save the present instrument setup configuration in memory for later recall Any control affected by RST can be saved by the SAV command...

Страница 329: ...Restore RST defaults TRIG SOUR BUS Select BUS control source TRIG COUN INF Set trigger layer count to infinity INIT Take 2750 out of idle TRG Trigger one measurement H TST self test query Run self te...

Страница 330: ...el By sending the WAI command after the TRG command subsequent commands will not executed until the pointer for the Trigger Model has finished moving in response to TRG and has settled at its next sta...

Страница 331: ...12 8 Common Commands Model 2750 Multimeter Switch System User s Manual 2750 900 01 book Page 8 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 332: ...13 SCPISignalOriented MeasurementCommands 2750 900 01 book Page 1 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 333: ...econd one is not a clist the first param eter is the range parameter rang and the second is the resolution parameter res The CONFiguration and MEASure commands for the TEMPerature and CON Tinuity func...

Страница 334: ...res parameter value and the selected range sets the number of display digits As shown above with the 100V range selected and res 0 1 a 100V reading will be displayed as 100 0 V 3Hdigits The display w...

Страница 335: ...measurement and acquire a reading see READ page 13 5 When this command is sent without the clist parameter the Model 2750 will be configured as follows The function specified by this command is select...

Страница 336: ...EAD or MEASure com mand is sent NOTES FETCh can repeatedly return the same reading Until there is a new reading this command continues to return the old reading When an instrument setting that is rele...

Страница 337: ...AD Trigger and return one reading NOTE When readings are stored in the buffer by the TRACe command or by front panel data store operation INIT and multi sample READ queries are locked out With reading...

Страница 338: ...e 1 00000 V 5Hdigits 0 000001 i e 1 000000 V 6Hdigits The resolution of the res parameter value and the selected range sets the number of display digits As shown above with the 100V range selected an...

Страница 339: ...idle state if con tinuous initiation is disabled If continuous initiation is enabled the operation re starts at the beginning of the Trigger Model When CONfigure is executed the MEASure parameters ra...

Страница 340: ...Commands FORMat commands Covers the SCPI commands to configure the format that readings are sent over the bus Miscellaneous SYSTem commands Covers miscellaneous SYSTem commands 2750 900 01 book Page 1...

Страница 341: ...2 DATA over the GPIB can be returned in either the ASCII or binary format All other queries are returned in ASCII regardless of the selected format Over the RS 232 interface only the ASCII format is a...

Страница 342: ...the data string for each reading conversion is made up of three 4 byte data blocks Note that the data string for each reading conversion is preceded by a 2 byte header that is the binary equivalent o...

Страница 343: ...3 Byte 2 Byte 1 The Header is only sent once for each measurement conversion A Single precision data format 32 data bits s 0 7 0 7 0 7 0 7 0 e f Header Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 7 Byte 8 Bytes 3 4 5 and 6 n...

Страница 344: ...CII data format For the binary formats timestamp will not be sent with the real time clock selected The relative timestamp operates as a timer that starts at zero seconds when the instrument is turned...

Страница 345: ...RMat BORDer name Parameters NORMal Normal byte order for IEEE 754 binary format SWAPped Reverse byte order for IEEE 754 binary format For normal byte order the data format for each element is sent as...

Страница 346: ...m VERSion Read the version of the SCPI standard being used by Model 2750 Example response mes sage 1996 0 SYSTem KEY NRf Parameters 1 SHIFT key 8 FREQ key 2 DCV key 9 3 ACV key 10 4 DCI key 11 RANGE u...

Страница 347: ...again selected the beeper will automatically enable Parameters b 0 Disable beeper 1 Enable beeper Figure 14 3 Key press codes SLOT 1 SLOT 3 SLOT 4 SLOT 5 SLOT 2 EXIT ENTER CLOSE OPEN POWER LOCAL SHIF...

Страница 348: ...15 SCPIReferenceTables 2750 900 01 book Page 1 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 349: ...optional characters do not have to be included in the program message Do not use brackets in the pro gram message Angle brackets are used to indicate parameter type Do not use angle brackets in the p...

Страница 350: ...b 4294967295 to 4294967295 2 0 MBFactor clist Query b factor 2 MA0Factor clist Query b factor 2 MUNits char Specify units for mx b reading 3 X MUNits Query mx b units PERCent NRf clist Set target val...

Страница 351: ...e name Set logic sense of all limit lines AHIGh or ALOW AHIGh LSENse Query logic sense of limit lines LIMit1 Path to control LIMIT 1 test UPPer Path to configure upper limit DATA n clist Set upper lim...

Страница 352: ...st Query state of limit test FAIL Query test result 1 failing CLEAR Path to clear events IMMediate Clear high and low events AUTO b Enable or disable auto clear ON AUTO Query auto clear Notes 1 The MM...

Страница 353: ...state of the display Note RST and SYSTem PRESet have no effect on commands in this subsystem The listed defaults are power on defaults Table 15 3 FORMat command summary Command Description Default pa...

Страница 354: ...l others will open Sec 2 STATe clist Query closed channels in specified list 1 closed ACONfigure b Enable or disable auto configure Note 2 ACONfigure Query state of auto configure COUNt clist Query cl...

Страница 355: ...easure thermocouple temperature using the internal or external refer ence junction The simulated reference junction will instead be used See Temperature measurements page 3 25 for details Table 15 5 S...

Страница 356: ...TO clist Query state of auto range DIGits n clist Specify measurement resolution 4 to 7 7 Sec 4 DIGits clist Query resolution REFerence n clist Specify reference 1010 to 1010 0 Sec 5 STATe b clist Ena...

Страница 357: ...olution REFerence n clist Specify reference 757 5 to 757 5 0 Sec 5 STATe b clist Enable or disable reference OFF STATe clist Query state of reference ACQuire clist Use input signal as reference REFere...

Страница 358: ...Specify measurement resolution 4 to 7 7 Sec 4 DIGits clist Query resolution REFerence n clist Specify reference 3 1 to 3 1 0 Sec 5 STATe b clist Enable or disable reference OFF STATe clist Query state...

Страница 359: ...olution REFerence n clist Specify reference 3 1 to 3 1 0 Sec 5 STATe b clist Enable or disable reference OFF STATe clist Query state of reference ACQuire clist Use input signal as reference REFerence...

Страница 360: ...st Specify measurement resolution 4 to 7 7 Sec 4 DIGits clist Query resolution REFerence n clist Specify reference 0 to 120e6 0 Sec 5 STATe b clist Enable or disable reference OFF STATe clist Query st...

Страница 361: ...nce 0 to 120e6 0 Sec 5 STATe b clist Enable or disable reference OFF STATe clist Query state of reference ACQuire clist Use input signal as reference REFerence clist Query reference value AVERage Path...

Страница 362: ...able reference OFF STATe clist Query state of reference ACQuire clist Use input signal as reference REFerence clist Query reference value AVERage Path to configure and control filter Sec 4 TCONtrol na...

Страница 363: ...ulated reference temperature THERmistor Path to configure thermistor Sec 3 TYPE NRf clist Set thermistor type in ohms 1950 to 10050 5000 TYPE clist Query thermistor type FRTD Path to configure 4 wire...

Страница 364: ...n clist Select threshold range 0 to 1010 10 RANGe clist Query threshold range PERiod Path to configure period Sec 3 APERture NRf clist Sets gate time for period measurements in seconds 0 01 to 1 0 1 0...

Страница 365: ...ated reference temperature TEMPerature RJUNction RSELect name clist Select reference junction SIMulated INTernal or EXTernal TEMPerature RJUNction RSELect clist Query reference junction TEMPerature RJ...

Страница 366: ...ead the condition register PRESet Return status registers to default states QUEue Path to access error queue NEXT Read the most recent error message Note 4 ENABle list Specify error and status message...

Страница 367: ...ON STATe Query state of beeper KCLick b Turn the keyclick on off ON Sec 1 KCLick Query the keyclick status KEY NRf Simulate key press 1 to 31 see Figure 14 3 Sec 14 KEY Query the last pressed key AZER...

Страница 368: ...nel Path to query amps channels STARt NRf Request lowest numbered amps channel 0 amps measurements not supported END NRf Request highest numbered amps channel 0 amps measurements not supported AOUTput...

Страница 369: ...of banks CSOhms Query whether card supports common side 4 wire ohms i e 7701 TIME hr min sec Set system time using 24 hour format Sec 6 TIME Query system time DATE yr mo day Set system date yr 1999 or...

Страница 370: ...Missing will occur 2 The Model 2700 uses a different syntax to specify a slot for the CARD command Instead of using the NRF parameter the slot number is included with the CARD command word i e SYST C...

Страница 371: ...lue 50 NOTify Query trace notify value NEXT Query buffer location for next stored reading TSTamp Path to set timestamp format FORMat name Select timestamp format ABSolute or DELTa ABS FORMat Query tim...

Страница 372: ...Set delay 0 to 999999 999 sec 0 AUTO b Enable or disable auto delay OFF AUTO Query state of delay DELay Query delay SOURce name Select control source IMMediate TIMer MANual BUS or EXTernal IMM SOURce...

Страница 373: ...o configure voltage units Sec 5 DC name clist Select DCV measurement units V or DB V DB Path to set DB reference voltage REFerence n Specify reference in volts 1e 7 to 1000 1 REFerence Query reference...

Страница 374: ...B Model7700ConnectionGuide 2750 900 01 book Page 1 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 375: ...a power cycle or a RST command is issued Connections to DMM functions for system channel operation are provided through the card backplane connector Current provided through two protected channels Cha...

Страница 376: ...losed See Note 3A 3A To Model 2750 Backplane Channel 25 See Note Backplane Isolation Channel 24 See Note Backplane Isolation Channels 23 and 25 in this schematic refer to the designations used for con...

Страница 377: ...nnected at the same time the test lead insulation must be rated to the highest voltage that is connected For example if 1000V is con nected to the front panel input the test lead insulation for the sw...

Страница 378: ...crew terminals are contained in Figure B 3 Figure B 2 Screw terminal access SENSE OHMS 4 WIRE INPUT V 2 WIRE U N L O C K LOCK CH7 H L CH8 H L CH9 H L CH10 H L H L CH21 H L CH22 AMPS LO H L CH11 H L CH...

Страница 379: ...inals Figure B 2 3 Using a small flat blade screwdriver loosen terminal screws and install wires as desired Figure B 4 shows connections to channels 1 and 2 4 Route wire along wire path and secure wit...

Страница 380: ...d RTD connections Figure B 7 Current connections AC or DC Figure B 8 Voltage connections AC or DC Figure B 9 Supplementary Insulation CH7 H L CH8 H L CH9 H L CH10 H L H L CH21 H L CH22 AMP S LO H L CH...

Страница 381: ...Manual Figure B 5 Thermocouple connections Figure B 6 2 Wire and thermistor connections Channel 1 HI LO Channel 20 HI LO Channels 2 19 Thermocouple Channel 1 HI LO Channel 20 HI LO Channels 2 19 Resi...

Страница 382: ...Wire and RTD connections Figure B 8 Current connections AC or DC Channel 1 HI LO Channel 10 HI LO Channels 2 9 Channel 11 HI LO Channel 20 HI LO Channels 12 19 Resistor or 4 Wire RTD Resistor or 4 Wir...

Страница 383: ...nections DC or AC Connection log Make a copy of Table B 1 and affix it to the cover of the Model 7700 Use this to record connection information and channel descriptions as needed Channel 1 HI LO Chann...

Страница 384: ...700 Channel Color Description AMPS COM H L INPUT H L SENSE H L CH1 H L CH2 H L CH3 H L CH4 H L CH5 H L CH6 H L CH7 H L CH8 H L CH9 H L CH10 H L CH11 H L CH12 H L CH13 H L CH14 H L CH15 H L CH16 H L CH...

Страница 385: ...B 12 Model 7700 Connection Guide Model 2750 Multimeter Switch System User s Manual 2750 900 01 book Page 12 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 386: ...C StatusandErrorMessages 2750 900 01 book Page 1 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 387: ...ning Illegal program name Cannot create program Expression error Hardware missing Data corrupt or stale Out of memory Illegal parameter value Too much data Parameter data out of range Settings conflic...

Страница 388: ...oo large Invalid character in number Numeric data error Header suffix out of range Undefined header Program mnemonic too long Header separator error Command header error Missing parameter Parameter no...

Страница 389: ...trigger layer Re entering the idle layer Filter settled Reading overflow Low limit 1 event High limit 1 event Low limit 2 event High limit 2 event Reading available Buffer user selectable event Buffer...

Страница 390: ...e lo zero error 1k 4 w full scale error 10k 4 w full scale error 100k 4 w full scale error 1M 4 w full scale error 10M 4 w full scale error 10m adc zero error 100m adc zero error 10m adc full scale er...

Страница 391: ...rror 10K Ohm loff Ocomp FS error Temperature Cold Cal error Analog output zero error Analog output pos gain error Analog output neg gain error 1k 4 w dckt Ioff zero error 1k 4 w dckt Ion zero error 1k...

Страница 392: ...ery backed RAM error Cannot resume scan Card calibration data lost Card calibration dates lost Saved setup scancard mismatch Card relay counts lost EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE 522...

Страница 393: ...C 8 Status and Error Messages Model 2750 Multimeter Switch System User s Manual 2750 900 01 book Page 8 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 394: ...D SignalProcessing SequenceandDataFlow 2750 900 01 book Page 1 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 395: ...orms the input signal into a DC voltage that is applied to the A D converter The A D Conversion Process measures the DC signal voltage and internal voltages that correspond to offsets zero and amplifi...

Страница 396: ...g simply falls through to the next enabled feature or to the display Figure D 2 Signal processing using instrument features Input Signal Rel Math mX b Percent or Reciprocal Rel ed reading Reading Rel...

Страница 397: ...s to be averaged In general for the moving filter each measurement process adds a reading to the stack oldest reading discarded and then averages the stack to yield a filtered reading For the repeatin...

Страница 398: ...is the reading that is displayed on the Model 2750 With Limits enabled the reading is tested against two sets of high and low limits Along with the displayed reading annunciators and messages are used...

Страница 399: ...e paired channel then closes and that reading is used as the Chan B value for the calcu lation Ratio or Ch Avg is then calculated as shown in Figure D 3 As shown the result of Ratio or Ch Avg can then...

Страница 400: ...or this triggering configura tion is summarized by the block diagram shown in Figure D 4 Refer to this block diagram for the following discussion Figure D 4 Data flow for remote operation Min Max Sdev...

Страница 401: ...ntinuous initiation and TRIGger COUNt 1 configures the instrument to per form one measurement cycle The INIT command can then be used to initiate the mea surement cycle When the INIT command is sent t...

Страница 402: ...ection 14 is used to include the read ing number RNUM element in each data array SENS 1 DATA FRESh This command is similar to DATA LATest in that is also returns the last processed data array stored i...

Страница 403: ...to occur To get FETCh working again a new reading must be triggered READ The READ command performs an INITiate and then a FETCh The INITiate triggers a measurement cycle which puts new data in the sa...

Страница 404: ...last data array stored in the sample buffer CALC3 LIM1 FAIL CALC3 LIM2 FAIL Each reading applied to the CALC 3 Limit Tests block is tested when Limits operations are enabled When comparing the reading...

Страница 405: ...d when a read operation CALC2 IMM or CALC2 DATA is performed However if there was no calculation previously performed the number 9 910000E 37 will instead be returned Continuous measurement mode With...

Страница 406: ...count is 1 the data for each subsequent scan will overwrite the data stored in the sample buffer and data store Once the scan is properly configured INIT or READ will start the scan READ also returns...

Страница 407: ...D 14 Signal Processing Sequence and Data Flow Model 2750 Multimeter Switch System User s Manual 2750 900 01 book Page 14 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 408: ...E MeasurementConsiderations 2750 900 01 book Page 1 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 409: ...ts handbook which is available from Keithley Thermoelectric potentials Thermoelectric potentials thermal EMFs are small electric potentials generated by dif ferences in temperature at the junction of...

Страница 410: ...r K T2 Temperature of A junction C or K In the unlikely event that the two junction temperatures are identical no thermal EMFs will be generated More often the two junction temperatures will differ an...

Страница 411: ...is gas tight to prevent future oxidation In some cases connecting the two thermal junctions together with good thermal contact to a common heat sink may be required Unfortunately most good electrical...

Страница 412: ...oise over a 0 5Hz bandwidth at room temperature will be Minimizing source resistance noise From the above examples it is obvious that noise can be reduced in several ways 1 lower the temperature 2 red...

Страница 413: ...interference RFI Radio Frequency Interference is a general term used to describe electromagnetic interference over a wide range of frequencies across the spectrum Such RFI can be partic ularly trouble...

Страница 414: ...power line ground As shown in Figure E 2 the resulting ground loop causes current to flow through the instrument LO signal leads and then back through power line ground This circulating current develo...

Страница 415: ...power line ground Ground loops are not normally a problem with instruments like the Model 2750 that have isolated LO terminals However all instruments in the test setup may not be designed in this ma...

Страница 416: ...therwise interference from such noise sources as line frequency and RF fields can seriously corrupt measure ments rendering experimental data virtually useless In order to minimize noise a closed meta...

Страница 417: ...nce of the Model 2750 is RI and the voltage measured by the nanovoltmeter is VM Figure E 5 Meter loading The voltage actually measured by the meter is attenuated by the voltage divider action of RS an...

Страница 418: ...ple temperature Thermistor equation Documents the Steinhart Hart equation which is used to calculate thermistor temperature RTD equation Documents the Callendar Van Dusen equation which is used to cal...

Страница 419: ...le type are listed in Table F 1 through Table F 8 Table F 1 Type B inverse function polynomial 250 C to 700 C 291 V to 2 431 V 700 C to 1 820 C 2 431 V to 13 820 V c0 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c7 c8 Error 9 8...

Страница 420: ...emperature in C E is the measured voltage in microvolts Table F 3 Type J inverse function polynomial 210 C to 0 C 8 095 V to 0 V 0 C to 760 C 0 V to 42 919 V 760 C to 1 200 C 42 919 V to 69 553 V c0 0...

Страница 421: ...to 0 05 C 0 06 C to 0 05 C t90 c0 c1E c2E2 c3E3 ciEi where t90 is the calculated temperature in C E is the measured voltage in microvolts Table F 5 Type N inverse function polynomial 200 C to 0 C 3 99...

Страница 422: ...1 C t90 c0 c1E c2E2 c3E3 ciEi where t90 is the calculated temperature in C E is the measured voltage in microvolts Table F 7 Type S inverse function polynomial 50 C to 250 C 235 V to 1 874 V 250 C to...

Страница 423: ...872 V c0 0 0 0 0 c1 2 594 919 2 10 2 2 592 800 10 2 c2 2 131 696 7 10 7 7 602 961 10 7 c3 7 901 869 2 10 10 4 637 791 10 11 c4 4 252 777 7 10 13 2 165 394 10 15 c5 1 330 447 3 10 16 6 048 144 10 20 c...

Страница 424: ...mistor type to be used 2252 5k or 10k 2 Compare the A B and C constants from the thermistor manufacturer with those used by the Model 2750 see Table F 9 3 Select a thermistor that closely matches the...

Страница 425: ...sistance of a PT100 RTD at 100 C T The following R0 at 0 C alpha beta and delta values are used for the PT100 RTD see Table F 10 T 100 C R0 at 0 C 100 alpha 0 003850 beta 0 10863 delta 1 49990 Using t...

Страница 426: ...385 0 10863 1e 8 1 0 000418 1e 8 4 18e 12 The resistance of the RTD at 100 C R100 is then calculated as follows R100 R0 1 AT BT2 CT3 T 100 100 1 0 00391 100 5 77e 7 1002 4 18e 12 1003 100 100 100 1 0...

Страница 427: ...F 10 Temperature Equations Model 2750 Multimeter Switch System User s Manual 2750 900 01 book Page 10 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 428: ...G IEEE 488BusOverview 2750 900 01 book Page 1 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 429: ...ransfer The basic handshake sequence between an active con troller talker and a listener is as follows 1 The listener indicates that it is ready to listen 2 The talker places the byte of data on the b...

Страница 430: ...and control computer Device 2 able to talk and listen 2750 Device 3 only able to listen printer Device 4 only able to talk DAV NRFD NDAC IFC ATN SRQ REN EOI Data Bus Data Byte Transfer Control Genera...

Страница 431: ...the talk address is obtained by ORing the primary address with 40 With the present example the talk address derived from a primary address of 16 would be 56 56 16 40 The IEEE 488 standards also includ...

Страница 432: ...lled by accepting devices the listener or lis teners receiving the information The three handshake lines are DAV DATA VALID The source controls the state of the DAV line to indicate to any listening d...

Страница 433: ...E 488 handshake sequence Bus commands The instrument may be given a number of special bus commands through the IEEE 488 interface The following paragraphs briefly describe the purpose of the bus comma...

Страница 434: ...T Untalk X X X Low X Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low High High Set up devices for remote operation Marks end of transmission Clears interface Defines data bus contents Controlled by external device Lo...

Страница 435: ...s used to clear the interface and return all devices to the talker and listener idle states ATN Attention The controller sends ATN while transmitting addresses or multiline commands SRQ Service Reques...

Страница 436: ...ke a reading Although GET is an addressed command many devices respond to GET without addressing Address commands Addressed commands include two primary command groups and a secondary address group AT...

Страница 437: ...strument model defined by the Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments SCPI Consor tium s SCPI standard Generally these commands are sent as one or more ASCII characters that tell the device to...

Страница 438: ...YN ETB CAN EM SUB ESC FS GS RS US LLO DCL PPU SPE SPD 1 B 2 A SP _ 2 B 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3 A 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 B 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 UNL 4 A A B C D E...

Страница 439: ...hat ATN is true for both the listen command and the SDC command byte itself Table G 4 gives a typical common command sequence In this instance ATN is true while the instrument is being addressed but i...

Страница 440: ...VERSAL COMMAND GROUP ATN ATTENTION DCL DEVICE CLEAR IFC INTERFACE CLEAR REN REMOTE ENABLE SPD SERIAL POLL DISABLE SPE SERIAL POLL ENABLE ADDRESS COMMAND GROUP LISTEN TALK LAG LISTEN ADDRESS GROUP MLA...

Страница 441: ...ter the instrument has been addressed to talk L Listener Function The ability for the instrument to receive device dependent data over the bus from other devices is provided by the L function Listener...

Страница 442: ...igger Function DTI defines the ability of the Model 2750 to have read ings triggered C Controller Function The instrument does not have controller capabilities C0 TE Extended Talker Function The instr...

Страница 443: ...G 16 IEEE 488 Bus Overview Model 2750 Multimeter Switch System User s Manual 2750 900 01 book Page 16 Wednesday August 3 2011 7 56 AM...

Страница 444: ...settings 8 4 Auto delay times 8 4 Auto scan 7 20 resume scan after power up 7 20 Automatic scan list configuration 7 19 Autoranging 4 3 Autozero 3 4 B Bandwidth 4 10 Basic measurements 3 8 Basic Oper...

Страница 445: ...diate 7 8 Timer 7 8 Control sources 7 7 Crest factor 3 12 Limitations 3 12 Current measurements DCI and ACI 3 14 AMPS fuse replacement front panel AMPS input 3 16 Amps measurement procedure 3 15 Conne...

Страница 446: ...FREQ and PERIOD connections for front panel inputs 3 39 Frequency and period measurements 3 38 Connections 3 39 Front panel input 3 39 Model 7700 switching module 3 39 Gate time 3 38 procedure 3 40 T...

Страница 447: ...nging 4 2 Manual external trigger scan 7 22 Material thermoelectric coefficients E 2 Math 5 8 Basic operation 5 12 Scanning 5 12 commands 5 13 mX b 5 9 mX b configuration 5 9 mX b rel 5 10 Percent 5 1...

Страница 448: ...hing modules 1 3 1 6 Power line ground loops E 7 Power module 1 12 1 14 Power up 1 14 Power up sequence 1 16 Pressing REL using rel commands 5 6 program and read register set programming example 11 19...

Страница 449: ...isplays 1 17 Filter 4 19 Range 4 4 Rel 5 4 Triggering 8 12 Resistance measurements 2 and 4 3 16 Connections 3 17 Cable leakage 3 17 Front panel inputs 3 17 Model 7700 switching module 3 17 Shielding 3...

Страница 450: ...Temperature measurements 3 25 4 wire RTDs 3 28 Connections 3 28 Thermocouple connections 3 28 Thermistors 3 27 Thermocouples 3 25 Open thermocouple detection 3 27 Reference junctions 3 26 External re...

Страница 451: ...ical command sequences G 12 U Using common and SCPI commands in the same message 10 16 V Viewing closed channels 2 28 Voltage measurements DCV and ACV 3 8 Connections 3 8 Front panel input 3 9 Model 7...

Страница 452: ...ll other trademarks and trade names are the property of their respective companies A G R E A T E R M E A S U R E O F C O N F I D E N C E Keithley Instruments Inc Corporate Headquarters 28775 Aurora Ro...

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