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ZT8101 Switch

User’s Manual

December 2001

Содержание ZT8101

Страница 1: ...ZT8101 Switch User s Manual December 2001...

Страница 2: ...an international standard for video compression decompression promoted by ISO Implementations of MPEG CODECs or MPEG enabled platforms may require licenses from various entities including Intel Corpo...

Страница 3: ...16 Link Activity LED Mode 16 Link Speed LED Mode 17 Getting Started with Management 17 Accessing the Local Console 17 To log in to the switch the first time 18 Setting the IP Address 18 To configure t...

Страница 4: ...36 Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP 36 IGMP Queriers 37 IGMP Snooping 37 IGMP Group Settings 38 Routing Protocols 38 RIP 38 Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol DVMRP 38 Protocol Independ...

Страница 5: ...s 59 To view the MAC address table 59 To view the IP address table 60 To view the routing table 60 To view the ARP table 61 Status 61 To view GVRP status 61 To view the router ports 61 To view the IGM...

Страница 6: ...8 To configure DVMRP for an IP interface 78 PIM DM Interface Configurations 79 To configure PIM DM for an IP interface 79 Static Router Port 79 To configure a static router port 80 5 Using the Web Con...

Страница 7: ...ping status 102 To view the IP multicast forwarding table 102 To view the IGMP group table 102 To view the DVMRP routing table 103 To view the switch s history log 103 Advanced Setup 104 Spanning Tree...

Страница 8: ...o configure DVMRP for an IP interface 118 PIM DM Setup 119 To configure PIM DM for an IP interface 119 Static Router Port Settings 119 To configure a static router port 120 A Agency Approvals 121 CE C...

Страница 9: ...ocols to limit unnecessary traffic It provides an in chassis switch fabric that you can configure to operate in a redundant configuration Highlights Full wire speed on all ports VLAN ID tagging and pr...

Страница 10: ...ues IGMP Snooping with broadcast control Layer 3 Switching Functions Wire speed IP forwarding rate per system Hardware based Layer 3 IP switching 2 KB Layer 3 IP address entries RIP Routing Informatio...

Страница 11: ...ntrol console Web based management console SNMP v1 Agent Supported MIBs MIB II Bridge MIB RMON MIB Statistics History Alarm Event RIP MIB CIDR MIB 802 1p MIB TFTP IP filtering on management interface...

Страница 12: ...12 ZT8101 User s Manual Introduction...

Страница 13: ...perations 3 Carefully align the edges of the board with the left and right card guides in the appropriate slot It may be helpful to look into the enclosure to verify correct alignment of the rails in...

Страница 14: ...al ports 3 The board should be in a safe state to be removed or data may be lost Signal the system that a board is about to be removed by partially unlatching the ejectors on the board to be removed D...

Страница 15: ...gement serial port a toggle button two 10 100 Ethernet ports and two 100 1000 Ethernet ports 23 24 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 f 23 24 25 26 25 26 Management Serial Port T...

Страница 16: ...Link Activity LED Mode Status Meaning Off Not powered Green Powered and functioning normally Amber Attention needed due to one of the following conditions Over temperature Backend supplies exceeding...

Страница 17: ...ure the switch s IP address Once you complete these tasks you can access the switch from any of the three locations Since the Local Console and the Telnet Console use the same interface chapter 4 expl...

Страница 18: ...cess the switch are case sensitive therefore S is not the same as s When you first connect to the switch you will be presented with a login screen 1 Use the Arrow keys or the Tab key to move to the Us...

Страница 19: ...rade the firmware using Zmodem 1 Obtain the runtime firmware 2 Using Windows HyperTerminal log in to the switch through the serial port 3 From the Main Menu select Reboot and press Enter Parameter Def...

Страница 20: ...rate to a different value 5 Change HyperTerminal s baud rate to match the target s setting 6 Use the Send File function of HyperTerminal to upgrade the firmware When the download is completed Zmodem w...

Страница 21: ...s embedded Web server allows users from remote systems which are running a Web browser to log in to the switch configure it and view the status of and statistics from the ports The current implementa...

Страница 22: ...he network management stations that you want to manage the switch If you list IP addresses only those workstations have access all others will be denied You can also configure a VLAN for the network t...

Страница 23: ...k called a management station can access this information The switch uses the following features to control access to its information Community strings You can configure up to four community strings s...

Страница 24: ...nd transmits nothing through the other ports This process is referred to as learning the network topology You can configure forwarding rules for the following MAC address aging MAC address forwarding...

Страница 25: ...before triggering flow control The flow control threshold sets the limit for the maximum amount of memory a port can use to hold packets When a port reaches this limit the port sends a signal to slow...

Страница 26: ...GMP multicast group membership reports When these packets are detected on a port that port is dynamically assigned as a router port Priority MAC address priority is a Layer 2 Class of Service It allow...

Страница 27: ...ddress you have two options Static This option allows you to specify which port handles the packets from the specified MAC address BlackHole This option allows you to have the switch drop the packets...

Страница 28: ...or removal of any element in the tree Reconfigures the spanning tree without operator intervention STP Levels and Parameters The ZT8101 switch allows for two levels of operation the switch level and...

Страница 29: ...68 Hello Time Specifies the length of time between broadcasts of the hello message by the switch It can be set from 1 10 seconds This interval is not used until the switch becomes if ever the root bri...

Страница 30: ...include from 2 8 switch ports each except for a gigabit link aggregation group which consists of the two gigabit Ethernet ports on the front panel Remember the following guidelines when creating a lin...

Страница 31: ...to dynamically join a VLAN group VLANs reduce traffic because traffic between VLANs is restricted Bridges forward unicast multicast and broadcast traffic only on LAN segments that serve the VLAN to wh...

Страница 32: ...t alter the packet thus keeping the VLAN information intact The VLAN information in the tag can then be used by other 802 1Q compliant devices on the network to make packet forwarding decisions The ta...

Страница 33: ...es if the destination port is a member of the 802 1Q VLAN If it is not the packet is dropped If the destination port is a member of the 802 1Q VLAN the packet is forwarded and the destination port tra...

Страница 34: ...packets from crossing IP subnets without going through an external router Multi Netting In legacy networks multi netting is commonly used to configure a physical router port with more than one IP int...

Страница 35: ...s or six subnets are required so a CIDR notation of 10 32 0 0 11 or a 11 bit addressing scheme will work This addressing scheme will give a subnet mask of 11111111 11100000 00000000 00000000 binary or...

Страница 36: ...ticasting relies on the concept of nodes joining and leaving multicast groups Nodes use IGMP to join and then leave a multicast group Based on the IGMP reports the switch receives from the nodes it ca...

Страница 37: ...not the port is removed from the IGMP group member list and the group s multicast data is not forwarded to this port until an IGMP report is received again If the IGMP interface is designated as the I...

Страница 38: ...active a single IP host responds to the query and the group registration is maintained If the group is inactive and a report is not received within the time limit for a response the group registratio...

Страница 39: ...tree that do not contain multicast group members PIM DM has no explicit join messages It relies on periodic flooding of multicast messages to all interfaces It then waits for the following A timer to...

Страница 40: ...40 ZT8101 User s Manual Switch Management and Operating Concepts...

Страница 41: ...General Deployment Strategy VLAN Layout IP Addressing Scheme for VLANs Static Route Assessment General Deployment Strategy Determine how to segment the network This involves creating VLANs in an exist...

Страница 42: ...er 3 VLAN consisting of four ports could be connected to four switches If these switches each have 24 ports then the Layer 3 VLAN would contain 96 4 x 24 end nodes Assigning an IP subnet to the Layer...

Страница 43: ...l serial port and to a VT100 compatible terminal or to a computer running an ordinary terminal emulator program for example the terminal program included with the Windows operating system Set the term...

Страница 44: ...st connect to the switch a login screen appears 1 In a command window enter Telnet IP_address Replace IP_address with the address assigned to the switch 2 In the Username field press Enter There is no...

Страница 45: ...rmware and configuration files Network Monitoring View various statistics by port or protocol and to view various routing tables Advanced Setup Spanning Tree Enable disable the Spanning Tree Protocol...

Страница 46: ...to six accounts one of which must be an Admin level account The other five accounts can be any combination of Admin level and User level accounts To create a new user account 1 From the Main Menu sele...

Страница 47: ...ilege Saving Changes The ZT8101 switch has two levels of memory normal RAM and non volatile or NV RAM Configuration changes are made effective by highlighting APPLY and pressing Enter When you do this...

Страница 48: ...the current configuration to NV RAM identical to using Save Changes and then restarts the switch Reboot Load Factory Default Configuration Restarts the switch using the default factory configuration...

Страница 49: ...ies the hardware version of the main board Device S N Specifies the serial number of the device Name Specifies the name assigned to the switch system If you are installing multiple switches you should...

Страница 50: ...his option requires entries in these fields IP Address This address should be a unique address on the network assigned to the switch by the network administrator Subnet Mask This is a bitmask that det...

Страница 51: ...d 1 From the Main Menu select Network Management SNMP Configurations Trap Recipients Setup and press Enter 2 Configure these fields 3 Highlight APPLY and press Enter Field Description Community String...

Страница 52: ...but are not configurable 3 Highlight APPLY and press Enter Port Configurations You can enable or disable a specific port and set its speed and duplex state 1 From the Main Menu select Port Configurat...

Страница 53: ...cription State Enables or disables the currently selected ports Speed Duplex Specifies the speed and full or half duplex state of the ports For 100 Mpbs ports the choices are Auto 10 Half 10 Full 100...

Страница 54: ...rmware you must use Zmodem to fix the problem See Upgrading Firmware through Zmodem on page 19 To download a configuration file 1 From the Main Menu select Switch Utilities Download Configuration from...

Страница 55: ...mine whether you need to enable BOOTP DHCP relay If the BOOTP or DCHP server and end station are on the same IP interface no relay agent is necessary If the servers and the end stations are on differe...

Страница 56: ...lly defined in the switch or previously cached the switch forwards them to the servers as defined in the following configuration The switch also forwards packets from the DNS servers back to the appro...

Страница 57: ...table IP multicast forwarding table and other such tables Port Statistics To view port utilization 1 From the Main Menu select Network Monitoring Port Utilization and press Enter 2 To change the refre...

Страница 58: ...ber of frames received that were shorter than 64 octets long excluding framing bits but including FCS octets and were otherwise well formed Oversize Long The total number of frames received that were...

Страница 59: ...option allows you to enter a specific address The Port option allows you to enter a port number The VLAN option allows you to enter a VLAN name 3 Highlight BROWSE and press Enter to populate the tabl...

Страница 60: ...Enter The following information is displayed in the table Column Description VID The VLAN ID of the VLAN the port is a member of VLAN Name The name of the VLAN MAC Address The MAC address Port The por...

Страница 61: ...membership reports on a port 1 From the Main Menu select Network Monitoring Router Ports and press Enter 2 In the VLAN Name field enter the name of the VLAN to search for router ports Highlight FIND...

Страница 62: ...d a source subnet mask address To find all multicast groups known to the switch use 0 0 0 0 for all the addresses 3 Highlight FIND and press Enter The IP Multicast Forwarding Table contains the follow...

Страница 63: ...report Querier IP The IP address of the member elected to be the querier for the group Expire The time when the next report is due Column Description Source Address The source IP address used to retri...

Страница 64: ...settings should cover the majority of installations and most installations should keep these default settings 3 To change the factory default settings configure these fields Field Default Description...

Страница 65: ...tening to blocking from blocking to forwarding This delay is required because every device must receive information about topology changes before it starts to forward packets In addition each port nee...

Страница 66: ...eld specify the length of time a learned MAC address can remain in the forwarding table without being accessed that is how long a learned MAC Field Description View Ports Specifies the range of ports...

Страница 67: ...can join the VLAN to forward the multicast packets 1 From the Main Menu select Forwarding Multicast MAC Address Settings and press Enter 2 Toggle the Action field to Add Modify and configure these fie...

Страница 68: ...ou can set a flow control threshold 1 From the Main Menu select Forwarding Advance Traffic Control and press Enter 2 Toggle the View Ports field to the group of ports you want to configure 3 In the fi...

Страница 69: ...om specified MAC and IP addresses For information about specifying MAC addresses to drop see the Forwarding Unicast MAC Address Setting screen To specify an IP address for filtering 1 From the Main Me...

Страница 70: ...IP Address Specifies the IP address of the packets you want dropped Source Destination Specifies the condition for filtering the packets Dst destination Packets with the above IP address as their des...

Страница 71: ...or an IEEE 802 1Q VLAN By default all ports belong to an IEEE 802 1Q VLAN called default Although this VLAN cannot be deleted all member ports can be assigned to other VLANs To configure GVRP globally...

Страница 72: ...me Specifies the name of the VLAN for which ports are to be configured The name can be up to 32 characters Once created a VLAN name cannot be modified VLAN Type Specifies the type of VLAN Use the spac...

Страница 73: ...d the packet is changed to an untagged packet If the port is attached to a device that is not IEEE 802 1Q VLAN compliant VLAN tag unaware then the port should be set to U Untagged T Tagged Designates...

Страница 74: ...ation and press Enter 2 Configure these fields 3 Highlight APPLY and press Enter The table displays the following additional information Layer 3 IP Networking This section describes how to configure I...

Страница 75: ...rations are reset to default values RIP Configuration The Routing Information Protocol RIP is a distance vector protocol that uses the hop count as its criteria for making routing decisions RIP is an...

Страница 76: ...P protocol will be used to transmit RIP packets This field toggles between Disabled V1 Only V1 Compatible and V2 Only Disabled prevents the transmission of RIP packets RX Mode Specifies which version...

Страница 77: ...these fields 3 Highlight APPLY and press Enter to make the changes These conditions affect the fields on the IGMP snooping screen The switch IGMP snooping flag must be enabled for these settings to ha...

Страница 78: ...nterface Name Specifies the name of the IP interface you want to configure The IP address field displays the address which corresponds to the entered IP interface Version Specifies the version number...

Страница 79: ...cost for this path The higher the assigned cost the less likely it is that multicast packets will be routed over this interface provided that other path options exist Enter a value between 1 31 The d...

Страница 80: ...to the router port of the Layer 3 switch would not be able to receive UDP data streams from its ports unless the UDP multicast packets were all forwarded to the router port A router port will be dynam...

Страница 81: ...arefully plan a deployment strategy that will maximize the potential of the ZT8101 switch This plan should include a General Deployment Strategy VLAN Layout IP Addressing Scheme for VLANs Static Route...

Страница 82: ...des just like a traditional Layer 2 switch But a VLAN can also consist of one or more Layer 2 switches each of which is connected to multiple end nodes or network resources For example a Layer 3 VLAN...

Страница 83: ...mputer 2 Enter the IP address you have defined for the switch The URL in the address bar should read something like http 123 123 123 123 where the numbers 123 represent the IP address of the switch Th...

Страница 84: ...ion Basic Switch Setup Configure the switch s IP address Serial Port Settings Configure the switch s serial port that is used for Telnet communication and terminal sessions Port Configurations Enable...

Страница 85: ...VLAN Configurations Set up and administer VLANs on the switch Link Aggregation Combine ports on the switch to increase bandwidth Layer 3 IP Networking Configure IP interfaces RIP and multicast routing...

Страница 86: ...it is necessary to save all setting changes to NV RAM before rebooting the switch To retain any configuration changes permanently 1 In the left panel click Save Changes 2 Click Save Configuration A me...

Страница 87: ...et the switch to factory default values 1 In the left panel click Factory Reset 2 Click Yes if you want the switch to retain its current IP address or No to reset the switch s IP address to the factor...

Страница 88: ...ity Hardware Version Specifies the hardware version of the main board Device S N Specifies the serial number of the device Name Specifies the name assigned to the switch system If you are installing m...

Страница 89: ...tween 0 and 255 The fields that require entries under this option are as follows IP Address This address should be a unique address on the network assigned to the switch by the network administrator S...

Страница 90: ...h monitors the status of its hardware as well as the traffic passing through its ports A computer Field Description Baud Rate Sets the serial bit rate that will be used for communication the next time...

Страница 91: ...the top panel click SNMP Trap Recipients 3 Configure these fields 4 Click Apply Field Description Community String Specifies a string of up to 20 characters used for authentication of users wanting a...

Страница 92: ...st be running TFTP server software to perform the file transfer TFTP server software is a part of many network management software packages or can be obtained as a separate program The switch utilitie...

Страница 93: ...itch 1 In the left panel click Switch Utilities 2 In the top panel under TFTP Services click Upload Settings to TFTP Server 3 In the Server IP Address field enter the IP address of the TFTP server 4 I...

Страница 94: ...tch to forward the messages The relay agent forwards these packets between IP interfaces and therefore must know the IP addresses of the BOOTP and DHCP servers and their respective subnet names or IP...

Страница 95: ...y to shorten the response time for a DNS request on a slow or long WAN Change or control the IP response for a series of DNS requests Control which servers are used for DNS Field Description BOOTP DHC...

Страница 96: ...e Configurations 3 Click New and configure these fields 4 Click Apply 5 To remove an entry highlight it in the DNS Static Table and click Delete Network Monitoring This section explains how to monitor...

Страница 97: ...eing used by the device attached to the port Field Description Rx Frames Received packets CRC Error Alignment For 10 Mbps ports the counter records CRC errors FCS or alignment errors For 100 Mbps port...

Страница 98: ...of times that a collision is detected later than 512 bit times into the transmission of a packet Ex Coll Excessive Collisions The number of frames for which transmission failed due to excessive colli...

Страница 99: ...lick IP Address Table 3 In the Start IP Address field enter the IP address that you want the table to display first The default value is 0 0 0 0 which displays all IP addresses in numerical order 4 Cl...

Страница 100: ...n Destination Address IP address of a learned or statically entered destination Mask The subnet mask corresponding to the above destination IP address Gateway The default or next hop gateway to reach...

Страница 101: ...s 1 to 8 9 to 16 17 to 24 and 25 to 26 a port is assigned an S if the port is a static router port a D if the port has been dynamically assigned to be a router port or a if the port is not a router po...

Страница 102: ...information To view the IGMP group table You can search the IGMP table using a combination of an IP interface name and a multicast group IP address 1 In the left panel click Network Monitoring 2 In th...

Страница 103: ...ion Interface Name The IP interface associated with the multicast group Multicast Group The IP address of the multicast group associated with the IP interface Last Reporter IP The IP address of the me...

Страница 104: ...s On the switch level the settings are globally implemented On the port level the settings are implemented on a user defined group basis STP must be enabled on the switch for it to be enabled on a par...

Страница 105: ...ccurs Forward Delay 15 Specifies the maximum time in seconds the root device will wait before changing states for example from listening to blocking from blocking to forwarding This delay is required...

Страница 106: ...me field displays the assigned STP group name for the port Forwarding Forwarding reduces traffic congestion on the network because packets are transmitted only to the destination port rather than to a...

Страница 107: ...000 seconds The default is 300 seconds 5 minutes 4 Click Apply To configure unicast MAC address forwarding 1 In the left panel click Forwarding 1 In the top panel under MAC Forwarding click Unicast M...

Страница 108: ...p panel under MAC Forwarding click Advance Traffic Control 3 Select the port you want to configure and click Edit 4 In the Flow Control Threshold field enter a value from 2 57344 5 If you want this se...

Страница 109: ...ield that indicates whether the port is currently dropping packets Flow Control Status A status field that indicates whether the port is currently implementing flow control Port Connection A status fi...

Страница 110: ...s address are given special handling either a higher or lower priority than normal traffic Note If flow control is enabled a small of amount of low priority traffic may be forwarded before high priori...

Страница 111: ...ch this MAC address resides User Priority Specifies the priority for this MAC address The levels are 0 7 with 7 being the highest priority Source Destination Specifies the state under which the above...

Страница 112: ...ons 2 In the top panel click Switch GVRP 3 Use the drop down menu to select Enabled or Disabled 4 Click Apply To configure a port based VLAN Ports must be removed from another VLAN before they are ava...

Страница 113: ...ed packet exits the port the tag is stripped and the packet is changed to an untagged packet If the port is attached to a device that is not IEEE 802 1Q VLAN compliant VLAN tag unaware then the port s...

Страница 114: ...s section describes how to configure IP interfaces RIP Multicast routing protocols Setting Up IP Interfaces Each IP interface on the switch corresponds to a VLAN A VLAN which does not have a correspon...

Страница 115: ...Status 3 In the RIP field select either Disabled or Enabled 4 Click Apply To configure RIP interface settings An IP Interface must be defined before you can configure its RIP settings 1 In the left pa...

Страница 116: ...le and V2 Only Disabled prevents the transmission of RIP packets Rx Mode Specifies which version of the RIP protocol will be used to interpret received RIP packets This field toggles between Disabled...

Страница 117: ...Snooping Configurations 3 Select a VLAN and click Edit 4 Configure these fields 5 Click Apply The following conditions affect the fields on the IGMP snooping screen The switch IGMP snooping flag must...

Страница 118: ...pecifies the version number of IGMP to be used with the IP interface Select between 1 and 2 Query Interval Specifies the time in seconds between the transmission of IGMP query packets Enter a value be...

Страница 119: ...nable UDP multicast packets and IGMP multicast group membership messages to reach multiple ports of a multi port router Routers do not implement IGMP snooping or transmit forward IGMP report packets T...

Страница 120: ...the router port of the Layer 3 switch would not be able to receive UDP data streams from its ports unless the UDP multicast packets were all forwarded to the router port A router port will be dynamica...

Страница 121: ...for Information Technology Equipment CB Report Scheme CB Certificate and Report FCC Part 15 Subpart B EN 55022 CISPR 22 Bellcore GR 1089 GR 1089 CORE Sections 2 and 3 EN 55022 Class A Radiated EN 5502...

Страница 122: ...own expense Note This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept...

Страница 123: ...External air flow is normally provided by chassis fans when components are installed in compatible chassis Filler panels must be installed over unused chassis slots so that airflow requirements are me...

Страница 124: ...losure from the power source Rack Mount Enclosure Safety Your enclosure may be intended for stationary rack mounting Mount in a rack designed to meet the physical strength requirements of NEBS GR 63 C...

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