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Always make sure that flames are visible above the wood after re-fuelling for cleanest burning. Open the air
wash full for 1 to 2 minutes to achieve full flames above the fuel.Carefully adjusting the secondary air
controls and fuel load will then control the burn rate of the stove. Wood burns most efficiently with the
primary air controls closed and the secondary (air wash) controls openabout 25%, this setting will give the
stoves nominal output of approximately 5kW.
See also:
section entitled „Lighting the Stove‟.
Wood burns best on a bed of ash and it is therefore only necessary to remove surplus ash from the stove
occasionally
. If the grate is completely clear, place a few handfuls of ash into the slots in the grate to
help the firebed build up.
Burn only dry, well-seasoned wood, which should have been cut, split and stacked - under protection from
rain - for at least 12-24 months with free air movement around the sides of the stack to enable it to dry out.
Burning wet or unseasoned wood will create tar deposits in the stove and chimney and will not produce a
satisfactory heat output.
Wood that is not properly dry (‘dry’ is considered to be less than 20% internal
moisture content) uses up energy from the burn process to evaporate the water inside the wood thus
creating very poor conditions for combustion
. The main cause of burning problems with wood stoves is
due to excessively damp wood. Wood can appear perfectly dry on the outside but still contain 40-50% water
on the inside. A moisture meter can be purchased from some stove and equipment suppliers if you wish to
check your wood source is correct.
Notes on Burning Solid Fuel
See section 6.6 on lighting the stove. After the fire has become established close the airwash until it is
approximately 25% open and use the primary air control to set the burn rate. De-ash the stove by stoking the
fire before adding new fuel. Open the primary air 100% for a few minutes before refuelling to establish a
good hot bed. Leave the primary air fully open for 4-5 minutes after adding the new fuel and then adjust
until approximately 25% open to achieve nominal output of about 5kW. With experience you will learn to
adjust the controls to establish personal settings. It is better to refuel little and often, this burns the fuel more
efficiently and prolongs the life of the stove.
Re-fuelling
When burning wood, the fire will die down as the fuel is consumed. When the flames disappear and the
remainder is breaking down into glowing embers it is an appropriate time to consider re-fuelling. NOTE: If
the flames disappear and there are still lumps of solid wood left this indicates excessive moisture in the
wood or insufficient air supply/flue draught.
Note:
To eliminate unwanted smoke emission, after loading new logs on to the fire, open the air wash
control up fully for 1-2 minutes to boost the fire and get flames issuing from the top of the fuel as soon as
possible. When flames are well established, reduce the air wash to the running setting required. Burning
without flames above the fuel will create unnecessary smoke. Do not operate the appliance with the air
controls fully open for a prolonged period as it will cause over firing and may result in smoke being
produced.
Loading 1 to 2 medium sized logs will produce a good output with reasonable burn time, generally small
logs will burn up quicker producing a high output for a short time and a large log will take longer to burn
and produce less output over a given time. These appliances are approved for intermittent operation on wood
(0.75 to 1.5 hour burn cycles) although much longer burn times can be achieved by fully loading the firebox,
getting the fuel burning well and then shutting the air controls down. The fire will then often need reviving
by first de-ashing and then using small pieces of wood and plenty of air to get flames issuing from the wood
again.
Refuelling on to a low fire bed
If there is insufficient burning material in the fire bed to light a new fuel charge, excessive smoke emission
can occur. Refuelling must be carried out onto a sufficient quantity of glowing embers and ash that the new
fuel charge will ignite in a reasonable period. If there are too few embers in the fire bed, add suitable
kindling to prevent excessive smoke
Fuel Overloading
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