freightliner Run Smart ARGOSY, Руководство пользователя

Страница: 79 / 166

Prolonged idling of engines is not recommended, and
is illegal in some states. Idling produces sulfuric acid
that is absorbed by the lubricating oil, and eats into
bearings, rings, valve stems, and engine surfaces. If
you must idle the engine for cab heating or cooling,
use the high idle function of the cruise control
switches. An idle speed of 900 rpm should be
enough to provide cab heat in ambient temperatures
that are above freezing.
If the engine is programmed with an idle shutdown
timer, 90 seconds before the preset shutdown time,
the CHECK engine light will begin to flash at a rapid
rate. If the position of the clutch pedal or service
brake changes during this final 90 seconds the idle
shutdown timer will be disabled until reset.
Cold-Weather Operation
Satisfactory performance of a diesel engine operating
in low ambient temperatures requires modification of
the engine, surrounding equipment, operating prac-
tices, and maintenance procedures. The lower the
temperature, the greater the amount of modification
required. For service products approved for use in
cold weather for your engine, see the engine manu-
facturer’s engine operation manual.
If satisfactory engine temperature is not maintained,
maintenance costs will increase due to greater en-
gine wear. If the engine coolant gets too cold, raw
fuel will wash the lubricating oil off the cylinder walls
and dilute the crankcase oil, causing all moving parts
of the engine to suffer from poor lubrication.
If the engine is in good mechanical condition and the
precautions necessary for cold-weather operation are
taken, ordinary cold weather will not cause difficulty
in starting or loss of efficiency.
The following points are important to observe when
operating in cold weather.
•
Check for cracks in the battery cases, for cor-
rosion of the terminals, and for tightness of the
cable clamps at the terminals.
•
Charge the batteries to full capacity. Replace
damaged batteries.
•
If equipped, turn off the load disconnect switch
after the engine is shut down to prevent battery
discharge.
•
Have the alternator output checked at an au-
thorized Freightliner service provider.
•
Check the condition and tension of the drive
belts.
•
Refer to the engine manufacturer’s operation
manual for recommended heaters, low-
viscosity lubricating oils, winter-grade fuels,
and approved coolants.
•
Periodically check the coolant mixing ratio
(concentration of antifreeze in the coolant). Add
more if necessary.
•
At outside temperatures below -4°F (-20°C), a
coolant preheater is recommended.
A winterfront may be used to improve cab heating
while idling. If a winterfront is used, at least 25% of
the grille should remain open in sectioned stripes
that run perpendicular to the charge air cooler tube-
flow direction. Winterfronts should only be used when
the ambient temperature remains below 10°F
(-12°C).
High-Altitude Operation
Engines lose horsepower when operated at high alti-
tude because the air is too thin to burn as much fuel
as at sea level. This loss equals about three percent
for each 1000 ft (300 m) altitude above sea level for
a naturally aspirated engine.
All engines used on Freightliner vehicles are altitude-
compensated by the use of a turbocharger. This re-
duces smoky exhaust at high altitudes, requires less
downshifting, and allows the engine to make better
use of its fuel. Nevertheless, shift gears as needed to
avoid excessive exhaust smoke.
Engine Shutdown
1. With the vehicle stopped, set the parking brake
and place the transmission in neutral.
NOTICE
Idle the engine one to two minutes before shut-
ting it down. After hard operation, shutting down
the engine without idling may cause damage to
the turbocharger.
2. Allow the engine to idle one to two minutes be-
fore shutting it down. This allows the lubricating
oil and the coolant to carry heat away from the
combustion chambers, bearings, shafts, and
seals.
Engine Starting, Operation, and Shutdown
9.3