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5-1 Command Problems

Often what appears to be a big problem is in fact just a matter of a small
oversight. Before taking your computer to the shop for major surgery,
check the following items:

Make sure that all devices (computer and peripherals)
have power and are turned on.

If you encounter a problem while you are working, stop

what you are doing immediately.

On paper, make notes of what is happening. List the
actions you have taken and the responses from the
computer. You may want to print a copy of the screen by
using the <Shift> + <PrtSc> keys combination.

Use the diagnostic software on your computer. Try to

find out the conditions under which the malfunction oc-
curs. Try also to isolate where the problem is occurring.

Is it with a certain software program or with your
hardware? If the problem is with software, you should

probably talk to your software dealer. If the problem is
with the hardware, try to narrow down the source of the
problem. Is it your disks or disk drives? Keyboard?

Printer? Screen?

If some messages appear on the screen, refer to your
MS-DOS manual for an explanation of the message. You
may want to write down the message or print it out with

the <Shift> + <PrtSc> key combination. Problems (ex-
cept blackouts) can be avoided if you run your system on

a dedicated electrical line. That is, ensure that your

computer and peripheral electric cords are not shared by
other appliances such as a refrigerator or air conditioner.
Also, it is highly advisable to purchase a surge suppres-
sor. This is a set of electric sockets enclosed in a single

housing. A surge suppressor prevents sudden pulses of
high electric power (spikes) from damaging the com-
puter. This appliance is inexpensive and can be pur-

chased at any computer or electronic hardware store.

2

Chapter 5: Troubleshooting

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Содержание 386/25

Страница 1: ...KEEN 2530 25MHz 286 SYSTEM User s Manual ...

Страница 2: ...gistered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation MS DOS is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation Intel is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation The typeface used in the text of this manual is Helvetica and is used under licence from the Allied Corporation the owner of the typeface All other brand names are registered trademarks of their respective companies The KE...

Страница 3: ...iver Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help Any special accessories needed for compliance must be specified in the instruction manual Warning A shielded type power cord is required in order to meet FCC emission limits and also to prevent interference to nearby radio a...

Страница 4: ...puter from being damaged NEVER recon figure the board while the power is ON If you wish to reconfigure the computer at any time ensure that the power is turned OFF before changing any hardware set tings such as DIP switches or jumpers III ...

Страница 5: ...em Unit 7 1 7 Control Panel 8 Reset Button 8 Turbo Button 8 Indicator Lights 8 Keyboard Lock 9 System Power Switch 9 1 8 Rear Panel 10 Keyboard Connector 11 Power Cord Connector 12 Display Port 13 Power Voltage Setting 14 Power Cord Specification 14 1 9 Other Peripherals 15 1 10 Disk Drives 16 Floppy Disks 17 Hard Disks 19 1 11 Keyboard 20 1 12 Maintaining Your Equipment 21 IV ...

Страница 6: ...RAM 11 Onboard System Memory Size 13 1MB Total Onboard Memory 16 2MB Total Onboard Memory 17 4MB Total Onboard Memory 18 8MB Total Onboard Memory 19 32 bit Local Memory Size 20 Starting Address 21 Factory Default Settings 22 2 2 Installation 23 Connection to Power Supply 24 Choosing a Power Supply 25 2 3 Entering 25MHz Turbo Mode 26 Software Turbo Switch 26 Hardware Turbo Switch 26 V ...

Страница 7: ... DOS 3 Formatting Disks 4 Backing up your Diskettes and Files 5 Deleting your Diskettes and Files 6 Finding Out What is on Your Disk 7 3 3 Hard Disk Drive Format 8 Step 1 Preformat 8 Step 2 Partition 8 Step 3 Format 9 3 4 Helpful Hints 10 3 5 System Setup Program 11 Entering the Setup Program 12 Running the Setup Program 14 VI ...

Страница 8: ...on Keys 3 Numeric Keypad 3 Mode lndicator Lights 5 Special Keys 6 QWERTY Keys 7 Cursor Keys 8 Key Combinations 8 4 3 Keyboard Tilt Adjustment 9 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting 1 5 1 Command Problems 2 5 2 System Error Messages 4 Examples of System Error Messages 5 5 3 System BIOS Error Messages 6 VII ...

Страница 9: ...emory with a PEI 306 RAM Card 11 Card Layout 11 Card Setup 12 Total System Memory Size 14 Installing Your PEI 306 RAM Card 17 6 4 Moving Your Computer and Peripherals 19 ShortMove 19 Long Move 19 6 5 Technical Information 20 Overview 20 System Timers 21 System Interrupts 22 ROM Subsystem 23 RAM Subsystem 23 Direct Memory Access 24 DMA Channels 24 I O Channel Slots 26 Math Coprocessor Control 27 32...

Страница 10: ...6 Power Switch 9 Figure 1 7 Rear Panel 10 Figure 1 8 Connecting the Keyboard Cable 11 Figure 1 9 System Power Cord 12 Figure 1 10 Two Kinds of Display Connectors 13 Figure 1 11 Voltage Switch 14 Figure 1 12 System Unit Connected to Peripherals 15 Figure 1 13 Floppy and Hard Disk Drive Bays 16 Figure 1 14 Copy Protection for 3 5 Floppy Disk 18 Figure 1 15 Copy Protection for 5 25 Floppy Disk 18 Fig...

Страница 11: ...odule 13 Figure 2 11 An Example of Three Pin Jumper Setting 1 3 Figure 2 12 Dip Switch SW1 14 Figure 2 13 1MB Total Onboard Memory 16 Figure 2 14 2MB Total Onboard Memory 17 Figure 2 15 4MB Total Onboard Memory 18 Figure 2 16 8MB Total Onboard Memory 19 Figure 2 17 Support Posts Tying Up Two RAM Modules 19 Figure 2 18 Unpacking Your Main System 23 Figure 2 19 Connecting to a Power Supply 24 Chapte...

Страница 12: ...es 4 Figure 6 5 Cables for Disk Drives 5 Figure 6 6 Connecting to a Floppy Disk Drive 6 Figure 6 7 Connecting Cables to Floppy Disk Drives 6 Figure 6 8 Connecting to a Hard Disk Drive 7 Figure 6 9 Connecting the Controller Cable 7 Figure 6 10 Connecting the Data Cable 7 Figure 6 11 Connecting Cables to Hard Disk Drives 8 Figure 6 12 PEI 306 RAM Card Layout 11 Figure 6 13 SIMM Type RAM Module 12 Fi...

Страница 13: ...orts Table 2 8 Switch Settings for Different Total Memory Size Table 2 9 Switch Settings for Different 32 bit Local Memory Sizes Table 2 10 Starting Address of AT Bus RAM Card Table 2 11 Starting Address of PEI 306 RAM Card Table 2 12 Factory Default Settings Table 2 13 Power Supply Pinouts 4 6 6 7 9 10 12 14 20 21 21 22 24 Chapter 4 Keyboard 1 Table 4 1 Functions of Numeric Keypad Keys 4 Table 4 ...

Страница 14: ...urations A 15 Table 6 8 Total System Memory Configurations B 16 Table 6 9 Channel 0 System Timer 21 Table 6 10 Channel 1 Refresh Request Generator 2 1 Table 6 11 Channel 2 Tone Generation for the Speaker 21 Table 6 12 Interrupt Controllers 22 Table 6 13 DMA Channels 24 Table 6 14 Addresses for the Page Register 25 Table 6 15 Address Generation for DMA Channels 3 Through 0 25 Table 6 16 Address Gen...

Страница 15: ...stem Chapter 3 Operating Your System shows you the basics of the MS DOS functions and the system setup program Chapter 4 Keyboard explains the keyboard s features layout and basic functions Chapter 5 Troubleshooting covers a simple troubleshooting procedures and provides directions for additional help Chapter 6 Appendix provides some technical specifications for your system Chapter 7 Glossary expl...

Страница 16: ...tart section at the beginning of chapter one Quick Startwill provide you all the information you need to set up the hardware For the beginner Chapter 1 gives you the basic information you need to use this system Chapter 2 provides greater detail on the hardware and on how to upgrade your system Your system is quite simple to set up However if you are unsure of yourself find an experienced PC hand ...

Страница 17: ...System Overview Chapter ...

Страница 18: ...to get to work as soon as possible the Quick Start section at the beginning of this chapter beginnin provides you all the information you need to set up the hardware you want to upgrade your hardware later read chapter 2 INSTAL LATION If you want to gain a more thorough understanding of your computer read the entire manual Note You may refer to the GLOSSARY section for definitions on com puter ter...

Страница 19: ...0286 type computers your computer vastly exceeds them in capability and processing power The PEI 306 RAM Card maintains the highest performance and flexibility for the whole system The PEI 306 RAM Card is specifically designed for some DTK 386 or higher level products for memory expansion It is not compatible with mainboards produced by other companies and you can buy it from a dealer who sells DT...

Страница 20: ... using your computer observe the figure below to set up your personal computer You will still want to use this manual later as a reference book Note Save all packing materials in case you need to ship or resell your computer in the future Chapter 1 System Overview 3 ...

Страница 21: ... a PEI 306 local 32 bit memory card Base memory of 640KB and maximum extended memory of 15232KB Shadow RAM function for BIOS and video controllable with built in setup utility or external command Eight expansion slots one 32 bit five 16 bit and two 8 bit bus slots 27256 or 27512 type ROM subsystem which DTK and Phoenix BIOS support Sixteen level interrupt Three channel timer for sound and clock Se...

Страница 22: ... 8MB optional Maximum 16MB with the PEI 306 RAM Card ROM 64 or 128KB legal BIOS Expansion slots One 32 bit five 16 bit two 8 bit Disk Drive s Three 5 25 disk drive bays Two 3 5 disk drive bays Power Supply 200 W Options Math coprocessor 80387 25 or Weitek WTL3167 25 Chapter 1 System Overview 5 ...

Страница 23: ...m is pictured below You may choose peripherals and upgrades for the system as your needs require Even if your system is different from the one pictured it should operate in the same basic manner Figure 1 2 System Configuration 6 Chapter 1 System Overview ...

Страница 24: ...1 6 System Unit The system unit may house a motherboard disk drives a power supply and other optional expansion cards Figure 1 3 System Unit Case Chapter 1 System Overview 7 ...

Страница 25: ...om the RAM test stage by pressing the reset button Note however that any data which have not been saved to disk will be lost Turbo Button The Turbo button allows you to change the running speed of the microprocessor to accommodate software requirements Some software applications must be run at a slow clock speed Indicator Lights These lights indicate the operation status of your computer The red L...

Страница 26: ...ized user s access to the computer Figure 1 5 1Keyboard lock and Two Security Lock Keys Keys for keylock System Power Switch The system power switch is located on the right side of the case toward the rear You should always be certain that the power is turned off before modifying the hardware configuration in any way Figure 1 6 Power Switch Chapter 1 System Overview 9 ...

Страница 27: ... Turn off all power switches before connecting or disconnecting cables wires En sure that cables wires are attached to the external device first and connected to the outlet unit later Turn the system unit power switch off before you plug the power cable into an electrical outlet Figure 1 7 Rear Panel 10 Chapter 1 System Overview ...

Страница 28: ...ctor The keyboard supplied with your system can be plugged into sockets at back of the case Plug the keyboard cable into the socket as shown below Figure 1 8 Connecting the Keyboard Cable Chapter 7 System Overview 11 ...

Страница 29: ... supplies power to a monitor the other connects to the main power source Yet if your monitor power plug does not fit the system unit s monitor power outlet you should plug it into a wall electrical outlet Figure 1 9 System Power Cord 12 Chapter 1 System Overview ...

Страница 30: ...s to meet your needs You have a wide choice of the following video standards MGA Monochrome Graphics Adapter also referred to as Hercules CGA Color Graphics Adapter EGA Enhanced Graphics Adapter VGA Video Graphics Adapter four monitor power plug may not fit the system unit s monitor power outlet If not connect the monitor cable to a wall electrical outlet Refer to the figures below for mono and co...

Страница 31: ...American areas switch the voltage selector switch to 115V and if you are in European countries switch to 23OV Refer to the following table for the appropriate specification of the power cord used Power Source 115v 230V Cord Specification UL listed SVT SJT type three conductor rated 10A 125V 15ft in length Appropriate approval listed in that specific country three conductor rated 6A 250V 230V U S A...

Страница 32: ... are to be used by referring to your expansion card manuals or peripheral manuals You may consult your dealer for more about the expansion cards available for your system Typical peripherals are shown in Figure 1 12 Figure 1 12 System Unit Connected to Peripherals Chapter 7 System Overview 15 ...

Страница 33: ... can install up to three 5 25 and two 3 5 disk drives in the system unit More information about how to install disk drives may be found in Chapter 6 Figure 1 13 Floppy and Hard Disk Drive Bays 16 Chapter 1 System Overview ...

Страница 34: ...n store up One high density 3 5 floppy disk can store up to 1 44MB of data Quality Tracks Per Inch Capacity 5 25 3 5 Double Density DD DS RH 48 TPI 360 KB 720 KB High Density DH 96 TPI 1 2 MB 1 44 MB Table 1 2 Floppy Disk Specifications Note l Only high density floppy disks can be formatted to high capacities of either 1 2M for 5 25 or 1 44M for 3 5 floppy disks You may lose data if you use a low ...

Страница 35: ...rotection slide the tab toward the outermost position so that you can see through the write protect hole To disable write protection slide the tab in the opposite direction so that the hole is covered Note that write protection aces not prevent loss of data from accidents such as coffee spills fires and nuclear holocausts Unprotected Figure 1 14 Copy Protection for 3 5 Floppy Disk Figure 1 15 Copy...

Страница 36: ...ties it is best to use a hard disk A hard disk can raise your efficiency because the hard disk keeps programs and data available at your fingertips Moreover your system gives you a wide range of hard disk s of 3 5 or 5 25 to meet your needs half high or full high Chapter 1 System Overview 19 ...

Страница 37: ...board has a set of function keys cursor keys and a numeric keypad The figure below shows a typical keyboard Refer to Chapter 4 for a more detailed description of the keyboard Figure 1 16 Keyboard 20 Chapter 1 System Overview ...

Страница 38: ... mechanical power failure or damage do not attempt to repair the system unit monitor s cables wires Refer all such problems to experienced service personnel Ensure that the back of the system unit is at least 3 away from anything that might obstruct the ventilation outlets and cause overheating Ensure that the power source is grounded correctly This product is equipped with a 3 wire grounding type...

Страница 39: ...Setting Up Your System ...

Страница 40: ...he system setup you are now ready to load your application software and begin to work This chapter covers topics you are less likely to need to know right away You may also skip this chapter unless you want to add to or alter your system unit hardware yourself It is recommended to have your dealer or technician upgrade your system if you are a novice Ensure that the power is off before modifying t...

Страница 41: ...ains an Intel 80386 25 microprocessor a math coprocessor socket BIOS chips and expansion slots The figure below will familiarize you with the layout of the PEM 2530 Mainboard Figure 2 1 PEM 2530 Motherboard Layout 2 Chapter 2 Setting Up your System ...

Страница 42: ...creation of 8086 virtual machines and superior extended memory support Virtual machines allow for the creation of discrete non interfering operating environments for application programs This means that each application can have its own 640K working environment With the appropriate control software virtual machines may be created within extended memory The PEM 2530 is switchable between 12 5 and 2...

Страница 43: ... the two internal rows to install the Intel 80387 25 coprocessor Use all the rows to install a Weitek WlL3167 25 coprocessor which is made by Weitek Co Ltd Jumper W7 is used to enable math coprocessor Refer to the table for jumper settings Jumper W7 Math Coprocessor Installed NOT Installed Table 2 1 Jumper W7 Remember that you must make sure the dotted end of the chip is lined up with the notched ...

Страница 44: ...Figure 2 2 Installing 80387 Figure 2 3 Installing WTL3 167 25 Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 5 ...

Страница 45: ...ces The long 32 bit slot is for 32 bit memory expansion card using SIMM type DRAM Jumper W2 is used to set the wait states for 16 bit slots and jumper W3 is for 8 bit memory expansion cards running at 8MHz Refer to the tables below for the appropriate jumper settings The jumpers pictured below are in the same orientation as the motherboard layout Table 2 2 Jumper W2 Table 2 3 Jumper W3 6 Chapter 2...

Страница 46: ...imit for local memory is 16MB For more detailed information refer to the PEI 306 user s manual and the PEI 306 section in Chapter 6 Figure 24 Expansion Slots ROM Installation To install the ROM chips refer to the table below for jumper setting If you are not sure what you have you may need to consult your dealer for the right chips Table 2 4 Jumper W 8 Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 7 ...

Страница 47: ...wer LED Jumper J1 The power LED indicates whether the power is on Refer to the figure below for jumper J1 pinouts N C System Power LED G r o u n d Keyboard inhibit G r o u n d Figure 2 5 Jumper J1 Pinouts Jumper J1 Pinouts I Hardware Reset Jumper J2 Jumper J2 is used to enable the hardware reset The reset switch restarts the computer from the RAM test stage If you encounter any problems while usin...

Страница 48: ... toggle the speed of the microprocessor between 125MHz and 25MHz Note that if you are going to attach the Turbo switch connector on the control panel attach pins one and two or pins two and three of jumper W4 If no cap is placed over the pins of W4 this sets the default speed at 25MHz Microprocessor speed is also controllable from the keyboard by means of a software switch Refer to the figure on t...

Страница 49: ...sed circuit the speaker is functional Refer to the figure below for the pinouts of jumper J3 Jumper J3 Pinouts Figure 2 8 Jumper J3 Pinouts Video Selection Jumper W6 Jumper W6 is used to select display mode Refer to the figure for the settings Table 2 6 Jumper W6 10 Chapter 2 Setting Up your System ...

Страница 50: ...r video shadow RAM BIOS and video addresses are allocated for shadow RAM Both sections are 64KB in size Refer to the table below for more informa tion Figure 2 9 Address Map of BIOS and video Note If the working area of your package or add on card execpt video card is located between addresses C0000H CFFFFH you must disable the video shoadow RAM to avoid an address conflict A reserved 128K DRAM sp...

Страница 51: ...he shadow RAM driver To install shadow RAM program follow the setps below Insert the diskette into drive A and enter a Enter this command SH INST Respond to the prompts on your screen according to your request The shadow RAM function is now installed and your AUTOEXE BAT file has been modified by the installation program The shadow RAM function will automatic active after you reboot your system If...

Страница 52: ...push the module RAM into the socket and be careful not to bend the pins Notch RAM Module RAM Module Socket F i g u r e 2 1 0 I n s t a l l i n g t h e S I P M o d u l e J u m p e r A jumper is a kind of switch which uses a plastic cap with a metal interior to connect short two pins If a jumper needs to be left open you should save the cap for Mure use by covering one pin only of a jumper This has ...

Страница 53: ...See the tables below and the figures on the following pages DTK supports this kind of module RAM There are two banks of 44256 type DRAM mounted on each RAM module I Table 2 8 Switch Settings for Different Total Memory Size DTK supports this kind of module RAM There are two banks of 411006 type DRAM mounted on the RAM module Due to the address limitations this configuration cannot accom modate an A...

Страница 54: ...module RAM must be page mode or page static column mode type The following are some recommended RAM modules TOSHIBA 514256AP 8 MOTOROLA MCM514256AP80 NEC 421000 80 PANASIONIC MN41 Cl OOOSJ 80 HITACHI HM514256AJP8 NMBS AAAl M204J 08H Consult your deafer for advice on these and other appropriate RAM modules for the PEM 2580 mainboard Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 15 ...

Страница 55: ...1 MB Total Onboard Memory Figure 2 13 1 MB Total Onboard Memory 16 Chapter 2 Setting Up your System ...

Страница 56: ...2MB Total Onboard Memory Figure 2 14 2MB Total Onboard Memory Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 17 ...

Страница 57: ...4MB Total Onboard Memory Figure 2 15 4MB Total Onboard Memory 18 Chapter 2 Setting Up your System ...

Страница 58: ...erted back to back Make sure pin one of the RAM module printed circuit board is lined up with pin one of the socket The illustration below shows the top view after two RAM modules have been inserted and the support post is used to tie up two RMA modules Figure 2 17 Support Posts Tying Up Two RAM Modules Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 19 ...

Страница 59: ...ated in the table Table 2 9 Switch Settings for Different 32 bit Local Memory Sizes To add a 16 bit RAM Board in the AT slot your total 32 bit memory must equal exactly either 2MB 4MB or 8MB Otherwise your system will crash due to a starting address conflict for the 16 bit memory on the RAM board Remember that you ll have to insert the four pieces of module RAM before you can add a 32 bit extensio...

Страница 60: ...onboard SIP type DRAM plus a PEI 306 RAM card which is provided by DTK Table 2 11 Starting Address of PEI 306 RAM Card DTK sells PEI 306 RAM Card These are standard RAM modules and has one bank DRAM mount ing on the RAM module DTK sells these RAM modules and have two banks DRAM mount ing on the RAM module Refer to Chapter 6 for more information about the installation of PEI 306 RAM card Chapter 2 ...

Страница 61: ...s on the PEM 2530 board you are advised to start with the factory default settings and to make experimental modifications from that point The following table shows the factory default settings Monochrome Table 2 12 Factory Default Settings 22 Chapter 2 Setting Up your System ...

Страница 62: ...of the unit This is easily ac complished with the following tools a small flat blade screwdriver and a small Philips screwdriver Be sure that the power to the system is switched OFF before you open the case Your computer interior is as below Figure 2 18 Unpacking Your Main System Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 23 ...

Страница 63: ... six pin plastic connectors the four pin connectors are for the disk drives Refer to the figure below Pin 1 is numbered in the picture for your convenience Be sure that the four black wires of the power supply are located at the middle of the power connectors Figure 2 19 Connecting to a Power Supply The pinouts for the connectors at pin 7 are as follows Table 2 13 Power Supply Pinouts 24 Chapter 2...

Страница 64: ...recommended in order to ensure reliability The following is recommended for choosing a suitable power supply The power good signal should have a turn on delay of at least 250ms but not longer than 500ms when the power is on This means that the power good signal goes to a high level later than 5V The power good signal goes to a low level at least 100ms before the 5V power falls below the regulation...

Страница 65: ...n the keyboard while you press the minus key The cursor on the screen will turn into a box The Turbo LED on your panel if you have one will light For more information on the Turbo LED refer to the Connectors section Now the computer is in 25MHz mode To return to 12 5MHz mode press the same keys you used to enter 25MHz mode When you enter the 12 5MHz mode the cursor will return to the dash _ form a...

Страница 66: ...Operating Your System Chapter ...

Страница 67: ...is computer uses is Microsoft Corporation s MS DOS the worlds most widely used operating sys tem for PC XT ATs Next there is the application software what you use for work and play Finding application software is a simple matter of going to your nearest PC store Note This is not an MS DOS manual It mentions only a few of the DOS functions available To learn more about DOS refer to your MS DOS User...

Страница 68: ...mpts displayed on the monitor Starting DOS when the computer is on If you don t have a DOS disk in your disk drive when you start your computer you will see the following message on the screen following the RAM test Non system disk or disk error Replace and strike any key when ready Then you should l Insert DOS disk 1 into disk drive A and close the drive lever l Press the reset button on your fro...

Страница 69: ... If you are using a floppy disk drive insert the DOS system disk in drive A and switch on your computer You will see a message similar to the following Current date is Fri 01 01 1990 Enter new date MM DD YY For the new date key in the month day and year separated by hyphens Press Enter Time is displayed and corrected as follows Current time is 0 02 15 00 Enter new time 2 20 Your computer is now bo...

Страница 70: ...tted you will see the following prompt Format another diskette Y N Press N if you do have nothing else to be formatted Formatting a low density disk To format a low density disk type the following at the drive prompt C Format A 4 Enter After your disk has been formatted you will see the following prompt Format another diskette Y N Press N if you have nothing else to be formatted 4 Chapter 3 Operat...

Страница 71: ... respond to the prompts on your screen Backing up a diskette on a single floppy disk drive system At the A prompt type the following A diskcopy Press Enter and respond to the prompts on your screen After your target disk has been copied you will see the following prompt Copy another diskette Y N Press N if you have nothing else to be copied Backing up a file To back up a single file key in the bac...

Страница 72: ...other data Erasing a diskette To erase a whole directory of files type the following at the drive prompt A del Enter All the files in the open directory are now erased Deleting a file To delete a single file type the following at the drive prompt A del filename ext Enter 6 Chapter 3 Operating Your System ...

Страница 73: ...owing command DIR A After you hit the enter key all the file information will be displayed on the screen If you use the D R command without a drive letter MS DOS lists the directory of the disk which was most recently accessed There are three ways to stop the screen from scrolling pressing the Ctrl and the S keys simultaneous pressing Pause typing DIR P to see one screen each time Chapter 3 Operat...

Страница 74: ...s partitioning process Insert your DOS diskette in drive A and type a to get A prompt Then type A FDISK J The FDISK command displays a serial of menus to help you partition your hard disk for MS DOS With the FDISK command you can create a primary partition create an extended partition change the active partition delete an partition display partition data and select the next fixed disk drive for pa...

Страница 75: ...e command should be keyed in as A FORMAT D If you want to use the partition 1 drive C to start DOS you have to specify the S option when formatting the disk You can use this system disk to boot your system later Note that you don t need to perform this procedure if you want to use new partition for other operating systems like Xenix Novell or Unix Refer to their manuals for details Chapter 3 Opera...

Страница 76: ...pecifying the name of a drive Spell the filename correctly Use the appropriate extension such as DOC or EXE Refer to the DOS Reference for additional information if a command still doesn t work Print contents of a disk if you have a printer and keep the list with the diskette All commands except DISKCOPY and DISKCOMP are files that will work on both diskettes and hard disk drives The date and time...

Страница 77: ...system BIOS is fully compatible with IBM BIOS In addition many special functions are supported like l a low level fixed disk format utility l three system utilities a calculator a hard disk park and a timer l system password l user defined hard disk types l shadow RAM The setup program is simple to be used It is extremely important that you respond correctly to the prompts about your computer The ...

Страница 78: ... changed If the battery for CMOS chip is dead or the system configuration does not match your actual hardware configuration you will have to recon figure your system The computer will give you this screen message Press the F1 key to enter the setup program or press any other key to continue Under the above three conditions pressing F1 will automatically start the setup program Under any conditions...

Страница 79: ...etup program appears the following message will appear on the screen SETUP utility will be starting When the system self test is completed the setup program will take over Once you have entered the setup program you will see the following initial screen ROM SETUP PROGRAM VERSION 2 0 C COPYRIGHT DATATECH ENTERPRISES CO LTD 1990 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2 PREFORMAT HARD DISK 3 SET UP BUILT IN UTILITY 4 S...

Страница 80: ...screen does not match your configuration you have two ways to make modifications You may either highlight selections and press 8 to enter the command or use the left and right arrows to show different options and select from them If you want to exit a current screen you may press Esc or select the exit item of the screen The following are some examples of setup program screens you will see in usin...

Страница 81: ...6 DISKETTE DRIVE A 1 2 M DISKETTE DRIVE B NO 7 FIXED DISK TYPE C 40 MFM FIXED DISK TYPE D NO NONE 8 PRIMARY DISPLAY CARD MGA 9 EXIT CHOOSE ITEM NUMBER l CHANGE ITEM HODIFY 8 8 ACCEPT Figure 3 2 Set Up System Configuration q Screen Once you have entered all appropriate information and exited by choosing item 9 you will be asked to confirm that the configuration data are correct If at a later date y...

Страница 82: ...e setup program by pressing Esc and select item 2 on the initial screen The program will then proceed as below ROM SETUP PROGRAM VERSION 2 0 C COPYRIGHT DATATECH ENTERPRISES CO LTD 1990 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Figure 3 3 Preformat Hard Disk Screen 16 Chapter 3 Operating Your System ...

Страница 83: ...enabled by the setup pro gram Note that these utilities can be used in the 80 column text display mode only he calculator and the hard disk park can be used if you press Ctrl Alt and 5 on the key pad Pressing Esc will exit these utilities The following is the figure for the calculator Figure 3 4 Calculator Chapter 3 Operating Your System 17 ...

Страница 84: ...o see the present password status 5 Setting Up User Defined Hard Disk Type If none of the drive types l 47 match the fixed disk drive specifica tions you have select item 5 in the setup menu to set a user defined hard disk type 6 Shadow RAM If you want to set up shadow RAM you should enter the setup program and select item 6 Shadow RAM can reduce the read time for system BIOS or video BIOS thereby...

Страница 85: ...Keyboard Chapter ...

Страница 86: ...your keyboard and its functions how to adjust your keyboard angle A computer keyboard sends messages from you to the computer It has QWERTY keys Function keys Cursor control keys A numeric keypad Special keys Keyboard indicator lights Chapter 4 Keyboard 1 ...

Страница 87: ... computers The most popular are the PC keyboard the PC AT keyboard and the enhanced keyboard Figure 4 1 below illustrates the basic layout of a typical enhanced keyboard Function Keys Keyboard I QWERTY Key Area I I Cursor Control Numeric Keys Keypad Figure 4 7 Keyboard Layout 2 Chapter 4 Keyboard ...

Страница 88: ...e left or at the top of the keyboard Function keys have specially defined uses preassigned by the software you use They are used independently or in combination with other keys Figure 4 2 Function Keys Numeric Keypad This is located on the right of the keyboard At the center of the keypad are nine numeric keys These keys are used to move the cursor as well as to enter numbers when either the Caps ...

Страница 89: ...s activated Activating Num Lock makes 5 operative Activating Num Lock makes 6 operative Otherwise the cursor key is activated Activating Num Lock makes 1 operative Otherwise end moves the cursor to the end of the line it is on Activating Num Lock makes 2 operative Otherwise the cursor key is activated Activating Num Lock makes 3 operative Otherwise page down is activated Activating Num Lock makes ...

Страница 90: ...r functions are explained as follows Figure 4 4 indicator Lights Caps Lock When this light is on characters are in uppercase mode Num Lock When this light is off the cursor control function of the numeric keypad is disabled and the numeric mode is activated Scroll Lock When this light is on text can be scrolled without moving the cursor Chapter 4 Keyboard 5 ...

Страница 91: ...will print all data on the screen With Scroll Lock activated you can move text vertically in line units Pressing this key halts the current operation pressing it again allows operation to continue Moves the cursor for corrections but the line Skips to new line Used with alphanumeric keys to enter BASIC key words Used with another key to execute a command Table 4 2 Functions of Special Keys 6 Chapt...

Страница 92: ...ion Performs a tab function similar to that of a typewriter Changes lowercase letters to capitals Moves cursor back one space and erases characters Pressing this key activates uppercase letters pressing it again activates lowercase letters Table 4 3 Functions of Special QWERTY Keys Chapter 4 Keyboard 7 ...

Страница 93: ...l taneously I I Keys Function I Both keys should be used together stop a program while it s running Pressing any key again allows you to continue Both keys used together interrupt a program while it s running and identify line where it stops There three keys reset the system so that the machine is at the RAM test stage Table 4 4 Special Functions 8 Chapter 4 Keyboard ...

Страница 94: ...oard Tilt Adjustment Under the rear of the keyboard are two small legs that can be pulled out or pushed in to change the keyboard angles to suit you Figure 4 8 Adjustment of Keyboard Angles Chapter 4 Keyboard 9 ...

Страница 95: ...Troubleshooting Chapter ...

Страница 96: ...But if some problems do occur more likely than not you will be able to solve them by referring to this chapter No matter whether you are a new or experienced user you should become familiar with the material in this chapter For detailed explana tions of computer problems and how to solve them you are urged to buy personal computer troubleshooting books from your nearest hardware or software dealer...

Страница 97: ...blem is with software you should probably talk to your software dealer If the problem is with the hardware try to narrow down the source of the problem Is it your disks or disk drives Keyboard Printer Screen If some messages appear on the screen refer to your MS DOS manual for an explanation of the message You may want to write down the message or print it out with the Shift PrtSc key combination ...

Страница 98: ... because some software programs can only run on the MGA display mode Is the power fuse burned out If you have gone through the above checklist and your system still does not function properly check the following pages The following instruc tions will help you solve some common problems However you should be aware that other problems might stem from system software applications or other peripherals...

Страница 99: ...oot the computer If the problem persists you will need to contact the software dealer from whom you purchased the package He she should replace the package depending on the ser vice contract or have it repaired Hardware error messages These messages are related to the computer s internal components your monitor mouse or printer Hardware problems are usually ones that the user cannot solve alone Pr...

Страница 100: ... the same procedure If the problem persists contact your software dealer System does not boot This can be caused by defective hardware or a faulty system disk Turn off your computer and try again If unsuccessful try using your backup system disk because your working disk may be damaged If the problem persists you might have a hardware problem You should contact the dealer from whom you purchased y...

Страница 101: ...742 controller failure Check Battery Indicates a system backup battery disconnection or power loss RTC Checksum Error Indicates that the system memory refresh function does not work Refresh indicator Error Indicates that the system memory refresh does not work Base 64K Memory Error Indicates that the system s first 64K memory does not work FDC Error User Check Indicates that the floppy diskette co...

Страница 102: ...inue Indicates that the NMI circuit has detected a RAM parity error System Memory Mismatch Run SETUP Indicates a mismatch of memory size in the CMOS RAM as well as onboard You need to run the setup program Display Card Mismatch Run SETUP Indicates a mismatch of a record typed in the CMOS RAM as well as onboard You need to run the setup program Chapter 5 Troubleshooting 7 ...

Страница 103: ...Appendix Chapter ...

Страница 104: ...puter information on memory expansion with a PEI 306 RAM card This manual is not a technical reference manual This chapter provides some technical information about your system but if you need more check out at a technical library or bookstore You will find technical reference books in most bookstores Chapter 6 Appendix 1 ...

Страница 105: ...uctions below to do so Be certain to refer to the manuals for both the disk drive and the controller card for any additional specific information regarding them that may be of importance Installing 5 25 Disk Drives To install a 5 25 disk drive follow the steps below Open the system unit case as described in Chapter 2 Refer to figure 2 18 Screw the metal guides to the disk drive as shown below Figu...

Страница 106: ...l Slide the disk drive back end first into the disk drive bay and fasten it to the chassis Figure 6 2 lnstalling 5 25 Disk Drives Chapter 6 Appendix 3 ...

Страница 107: ...hat of a 5 25 disk drive First fasten the bracket to the drives Figure 6 3 Fastening the bracket to 3 5 Disk Drives Next place the disk drive inside the bay and fasten the brackets to the chassis Refer to the figure below Figure 6 4 Installing 3 5 Disk Drives 4 Chapter 6 Appendix ...

Страница 108: ...to connect simply plug it to the correct adapter The shape of the plug ensures that no mistakes will be made 3x the figures on the following pages One edge of the ribbon cable is marked with a color line This specific line side of the connector should be at pin 1 when attached to the FDC HDC card Pin 1 is clearly marked on the card See the figure below for the color line of the cable To Drive A To...

Страница 109: ...6 Connecting to a Floppy Disk Drive Then connect the controller cable one end to floppy disks and the other end to the FDC card with the colored line side of the cable attached to pin 1of the connector on the FDC card To Drlve A Drive B Figure 6 7 Connecting Cables to Floppy Disk Drives 6 Chapter 6 Appendix ...

Страница 110: ...d line side of the cable attached to pin 1 of the connector on the HDC card Figure 6 9 Connecting the Controller Cable Then connect the data cable one end to the disk drives and the other end to the HDC card with the colored line side of the cable attached to pin 1 of the connector on the HDC card To Pin 1 of HDC Data Connector Colored line To Hard Disk Drive Figure 6 10 Connecting the Data Cable ...

Страница 111: ...he same procedure for any additional drives you want to install Removal To remove a drive just reverse the procedure described above Dis connect the cables undo the screws slide the disk drive out and remove the mounting guides or bracket 8 Chapter 6 Appendix ...

Страница 112: ... for Jumper Settings W1 DRAM type selection 44256x4 41256x2 x4 Module RAM Table 6 1 Jumper Wl and Switch SW1 Settings W2 and W3 memory I O wait state selection Table 6 2 Jumper W2 Table 6 3 Jumper W3 Chapter 6 Appendix 9 ...

Страница 113: ...mper W4 W5 Turbo LED W6 video selection 1 2 shorted mono 2 3 shorted color W7 math coprocessor 1 2 shorted install 2 3 shorted not install W8 BIOS selection J1 power LED J2 hardware reset J3 speaker connector 10 Chapter 6 Appendix ...

Страница 114: ...s which allow for up to 12MB of memory for maximum expandability With so many memory configurations setup becomes a major con sideration The PEI 306 RAM Card has been designed with maximum ease of use in mind with all configuration settings made on one DIP switch and a few jumpers Card Layout he figures below will familiarize you with the layout of the 386 RAM Card the jumpers the DIP switch as we...

Страница 115: ... sockets These 30 pin single in line sockets are aligned at an angle of 25 degrees Refer to the figure below Notch RAM Module RAM Module Socket Figure 6 13 SIMM Type RAM Module Remember that when inserting the RAM module you must make sure the notched or dotted end of the module is lined up with the notched end of the socket Gently push the RAM module into the socket Three banks bank 0 1 and 2 for...

Страница 116: ...nks must be filled with the same type of RAM either 41266 or 411000 Refer to the table below for more information DRAM Type 411000 RAM module x 4 pieces 41256 RAM module x 4 pieces Bank 0 Jumper Bank 1 Jumper Bank 2 Jumper Selection Selection Selection W1 Settings W2 Settings W3 Settings T a b l e 6 5 J u m p e r s W I W 3 S e t t i n g s P E I 3 0 6 C h a p t e r 6 A p p e n d i x 1 3 ...

Страница 117: ...Page Mode Table 6 6 DRAM Chip Speed Total System Memory Size The PEI 306 RAM Board provides you up to 16MB of total system memory Total system memory means the onboard memory of the mainboard plus that of the PEI 306 extension memory card Note You only can have 16MB maximum of total system memory Refer to the following pages for more information Note for the following pages We support this kind of...

Страница 118: ...Note means ON and means OFF ...

Страница 119: ...Note means ON and means OFF ...

Страница 120: ...06 RAM Card Having ensured that the power to the system is switched OFF open your computer You will see expansion slots on your mainboard as below Figure 6 14 32 Bit Expansion Slot for PEI 306 RAM Card Chapter 6 Appendix 17 ...

Страница 121: ...ges Avoid touching the connector contacts or any components with your hands as this could damage the card Insert the card into an empty expansion slot as shown in the illustration below Figure 6 15 Installing a PEI 306 RAM Card Expansion Card Insertion Press the card firmly into the slot Be careful not to exert excess force or torque the card Attach the mounting bracket of the card securely to the...

Страница 122: ...onto flop py disks Enter the DOS system program and invoke the PARK com mand This command will lock up your hard disk to protect it from damage while the computer is being moved Turn off all power switches Insert the cardboard diskette s supplied with the system unit into the disk drive s and close the disk drive levers Detach all cables and cords Next coil and tie them to protect the connectors M...

Страница 123: ...mpatibility with existing software and hardware products designed for the 8088 and 80286 members of the Intel microprocessor family The PEM 2530 mainboard uses a 25MHz 32 bit DRAM subsystem and a 32 bit memory expansion bus for maximum bandwidth in the memory subsystem This architecture is critical to the PEM 2530 s perfor mance given the high bandwidth requirements and 32 bit optimum of the instr...

Страница 124: ... System Timer Channel 1 GATE 1 CLK IN 1 CLK OUT 1 Refresh Request Generator TIED ON 1 190MHzOSC Request Refresh Cycle Table 610 Channel l Refresh Request Generator Note Channel 1 is programmed to generate a 15 microsecond period signal Table 6 11 Channel 2 Tone Generation for Speaker The sub port of the VLSI is treated by system programs as an arran gement of four programmable external I O ports T...

Страница 125: ...sor NMI Interrupt Controllers CTLR2 CTLR1 IRQ 0 IRQ 1 I R Q 2 IRQ 3 IRQ 4 IRQ 5 IRQ 6 IRQ 7 Function Parity or I O Channel Check Timer Output 0 Keyboard Output Buffer Full Interrupt from CTLR 2 Realtime Clock Interrupt Software Redirected to INT OAH IRQ2 Reserved Reserved Reserved Coprocessor Fixed Disk Controller Reserved Serial Port 2 Serial Port 1 Parallel Port 2 Diskette Controller Parallel Po...

Страница 126: ... RAM Module installed on CONl CON2 CON3 and CON4 plus the optional PEI 366 which is installed on the motherboard The onboard 32 bit memory and the 32 bit memory on the PEI 306 allow for the configuration of ex tended memory from one to sixteen megabytes For more information refer to the PEI 306 user s manual Memory refresh forces one memory cycle every 15 microseconds through channel 1 of the time...

Страница 127: ...emory are supported by these channels Each of these channels will transfer data in 64KS blocks throughout the 1 g megabyte system address space Channels 4 through 7 are contained in DMA controller 2 To cascade channels 0 through 3 to the microprocessor use channel 4 Transfer of 16 bit data between 16 bit adapters and 16bit system memory are supported by channels 5 6 and 7 DMA channels 5 through 7 ...

Страница 128: ...lows Table 6 15 Address Generation for DMA Channels 3 Through 0 Note To generate the addressing signal byte high enable BHE invert address line AO For DMA Channels 7 through 5 Source DMA Page Registers 8237A 5 Address A23 Al7 I Al6 A1 I Table 6 16 Address Generation for DMA Channels 7 Through 5 Note The BHE and A0 addressing signals are forced to a logical 0 DMA channel addresses do not increase o...

Страница 129: ...emory addresses 16MB I O wait state generation I O address space hex 100 to hex 3FF Open bus structure allowing multiple microprocessors to share the system s resources including memory DMA channels The pinouts of the expansion bus I O channels are shown as below and on the next page S6 S13 J l B J l A Figure 6 16 Sixty Two Pin l O Channels 26 Chapter 6 Appendix ...

Страница 130: ... ports The busy signal sent by the coprocessor forces the microprocessor to wait until the coprocessor has finished executing The following describes the math coprocessor controls OF0 The latched math coprocessor busy signal can be cleared with an 8 bit out command to port FO The coprocessor will latch busy if it asserts its error signal Data output should be zero OF1 The math coprocessor will res...

Страница 131: ...ven during 32 bit memory access when qualified by the SBEO signal going active D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 015 These bidirectional signals should be driven during 32 bit memory access when qualified by the SBEl signal going active D16 D17 D18 D19 D25 D21 D22 D23 These bidirectional signals should be driven during 32 bit memory access when qualified by the SBE2 signal going active D24 D25 D26 D27 D28...

Страница 132: ... outputs are qualified to enable each bank of memory REFRESH This output signal indicates a refresh cycle BAMEMR This output signal active low orders the memory device to output data to the data bus BAMEMW This output signal active low instructs the memory devices to store the data present on the data bus MRAS This output signal active low provides the RAS signal to the DRAM MCAS This output signa...

Страница 133: ...The pinouts for the eighty pin I O channels of the 32 bit memory expansion bus are shown below CON5 Figure 6 18 Pin Assignments of the 32 bit Memory Expansion Bus 30 Chapter 6 Appendix ...

Страница 134: ...Glossary Chapter ...

Страница 135: ...there will be an address conflict ASCII This is an acronym for the American Standard Code for Information Interchange The ASCII code includes both control and graphic characters and is used for exchang ing information between data processing systems data communication systems and related equipment asynchronous communication A type of information vehicle whereby data can be trans mitted at any time...

Страница 136: ... O channel is 32 bit this means the data travels at least twice as fast as data on a 16 bit data bus byte A group of data units forming a single unit of data There are eight bits in a single byte clock processing speed This measurement usually given in MHz megahertz tells how fast the microprocessor in your computer hand les data The higher the number the faster your com puter CPU Central Processi...

Страница 137: ...file and the dates they were created and up dated It is always good to organize all the related files in the same directory diskette This refers to removable data storage disks sometimes also called floppies or floppy disks Diskettes generally come in two sizes 5 25 and 3 5 disk drive A device that stores and retrieves data display The information graphics visible on the monitor screen DOS Disk Op...

Страница 138: ...ts a filename and an extension In DOS filenames are from one to eight characters long An extension starts with a period has three characters and follows immediately after the filename fixed or hard disk This is a non removable disk used for storage of large volumes of data format The arrangement of data on a magnetic disk Format also means to prepare a disk hardware All physical components of a co...

Страница 139: ...iven to a memory loca tion microprocessor This is an integrated circuit that receives coded instruc tions for execution It is also referred to as a CPU modem A modem lets your computer communicate with other computers over telephone lines motherboard It is the main printed circuit board in the system case It is also known as a mainboard or systemboard MS DOS The Microsoft Disk Operating System Thi...

Страница 140: ... drive letter peripheral Output devices which are driven by the computer port A communication channel between a computer and its peripheral components printed circuit board An electronic circuit board sandwiched between fiberglass plates program A series of instructions that command the computer to perform certain tasks prompt A screen message or position of the cursor at the begin ning of a line ...

Страница 141: ...eful read ing of this section will help you to ensure the long life and trouble free operation of your computer software Computer programs such as a word processor operating system or programming languages synchronous transmission Syncopated transmission of signals between devices Turbo High speed virtual disk Also referred to as a RAM disk this is a portion of memory used to simulate a hard disk ...

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