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Communications
62
515 HC04 - 8 June 2007
Modbus RTU Protocol
Modbus RTU (remote terminal unit) is an industry standard protocol that
allows the instrument to be easily interfaced to other communication
devices.
The instrument implements the Modbus protocol as detailed in the
Modicon
Modbus Protocol Reference Guide
PI-MBUS-300 Rev J (June 1996).
Message Format
In RTU mode, messages start with a silent interval of at least 3.5 character
times. The first field transmitted is the device address. Following the last
transmitted character, a similar interval of at least 3.5 character times marks
the end of the message. A new message can begin after this interval. The
entire message frame must be transmitted as a continuous stream. A typical
message frame is shown below:
Except for broadcast messages, when a master device sends a query to a
slave device, it expects a normal response. One of four possible events can
occur from the master’s query:
•
If the slave device receives the query without a communication error, and
can handle the query normally, it returns a normal response.
•
If the slave does not receive the query due to a communication error, no
response is returned. The master program has to process a timeout
condition for the query.
•
If the slave receives the query, but detects a communications error (parity
or CRC), no response is returned. The master program has to process a
timeout condition for the query.
•
If the slave receives the query without a communication error, but cannot
handle it (for example, if the request is to read a nonexistent register), the
slave will return an exception response informing the master of the nature
of the error.
Instrument Address
The address of the instrument is programmable in the range from 1 to 247.
Some addresses are reserved according to PI-MBUS-300 and have a special
meaning:
•
0 = Broadcast, no response required from slave devices
•
248 to 255 Reserved
Address
Function
Data
CRC Check
1 byte
1 byte
n bytes
2 bytes
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