Cisco Catalyst 4500 Series, Руководство по настройке программного обеспечения

Страница: 500 / 2086

10-12
Catalyst 4500 Series Switch, Cisco IOS Software Configuration Guide - Cisco IOS XE 3.9.xE and IOS 15.2(5)Ex
Chapter 10 Checking Port Status and Connectivity
Configuring ICMP
Configuring ICMP
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) provides many services that control and manage IP
connections. ICMP messages are sent by routers or access servers to hosts or other routers when a
problem is discovered with the Internet header. For detailed information on ICMP, refer to RFC 792.
Enabling ICMP Protocol Unreachable Messages
If the Cisco IOS software receives a nonbroadcast packet that uses an unknown protocol, it sends an
ICMP Protocol Unreachable message back to the source.
Similarly, if the software receives a packet that it is unable to deliver to the ultimate destination because
it knows of no route to the destination address, it sends an ICMP Host Unreachable message to the
source. This feature is enabled by default.
To enable the generation of ICMP Protocol Unreachable and Host Unreachable messages, enter the
following command in interface configuration mode:
Caution
If you enter the no ip unreachables command, you will break the path MTU discovery functionality.
Routers in the middle of the network might be forced to fragment packets.
To limit the rate that Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) destination unreachable messages are
generated, enter the following command:
Enabling ICMP Redirect Messages
Data routes are sometimes less than optimal. For example, it is possible for the router to be forced to
resend a packet through the same interface on which it was received. If this occurs, the Cisco IOS
software sends an ICMP Redirect message to the originator of the packet telling the originator that the
router is on a subnet directly connected to the receiving device, and that it must forward the packet to
another system on the same subnet. The software sends an ICMP Redirect message to the packet's
originator because the originating host presumably could have sent that packet to the next hop without
involving this device at all. The Redirect message instructs the sender to remove the receiving device
from the route and substitute a specified device representing a more direct path. This feature is enabled
by default.
Command Purpose
Switch (config-if)# [ no ] ip unreachables
Enables ICMP destination unreachable messages.
Use the no keyword to disable the ICMP destination
unreachable messages.
Command Purpose
Switch (config)# [ no ] ip icmp rate-limit
unreachable [ df ] milliseconds
Limits the rate that ICMP destination messages are
generated.
Use the no keyword to remove the rate limit and
reduce the CPU usage.