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Chapter 6 Parameter Monitoring
--44-- User Manual of Veterinary Monitor

Electrode Placement
ECG measure is collecting electrocardio signals by connecting ECG cables with the monitor, and connected
with the animal via electrodes. Therefore, the position of the electrodes on the animal is very important.
Table 6.1 Comparison for the Color of Electrodes and Cable
Lead European Standard U.S. Standard
Electrode Position Cable Color Marking Electrode Color Marking Electrode Color
Right Arm Gray R Red RA White
Left Arm Gray L Yellow LA Black
Right Foot Gray N or RF Black RL Green
Left Foot Gray F Green LL Red
Chest White C Brown V Brown
In order to detect the electrocardio signals of animals, electrodes should be properly adhered to animals. The ECG
lead cable is connected so that its one end is inserted into the ECG/Resp socket on the left panel of the monitor.
When the monitor is powered on, if the electrodes are not properly attached or become separated from the monitor
during monitoring, the monitor will display the message:
‘ECG Lead Disconnect or ECG xx Lead Off’,
to
prompt medical staff.
5-Lead (Standard)
Positions of lead electrodes are shown as Figure 6.3:

RA: below the clavicle close to the right shoulder

LA: below the clavicle close to the left shoulder

LL: lower left abdomen

RL: lower right abdomen

V: the positions of V lead are shown as following:
Figure 6.2 Placement of 5-Lead Electrodes
Attention

Use of electrode patches by animals should be immediately discontinued if any skin allergy or
irritation takes place; and the use of electrode patches by animals having skin inflammatory
disorders or infected skin is NOT allowed.
Electrode Placement for Surgical Animals
Electrodes should be placed for surgical animals by taking into consideration the type of operation. For example,
chest electrodes can be placed on flanks or backs for thoracotomy animals. In addition, in the case where a
surgical electrotome is used, electrodes can be placed on the right and left shoulders close to the right and left
abdominal sides and the chest leads on the left side relative to the chest median so as to reduce the effect of
artifact on ECG waveforms. You should avoid placing electrodes on the arms, otherwise, ECG waveforms will
have invisible amplitudes.