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The performance of a transmission feed line system may be affected by excessive signal re-

flection and cable loss. Signal reflection occurs when the RF signal reflects back due to an

impedance mismatch or change in impedance caused by excessive kinking or bending of

the transmission line. Cable loss is caused by attenuation of the signal as it passes through

the transmission line and connectors.

To verify the performance of the transmission feed line system and analyze these problems,

three types of line sweeps are required:

Return Loss Measurement

Measures the reflected power of the system in decibels (dB).

This measurement can also be taken in the Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) mode, which is the

ratio of the transmitted power to the reflected power.

Cable Loss Measurement

Measures the energy absorbed, or lost, by the transmission

line in dB/meter or dB/ft. Different transmission lines have different losses, and the loss is

frequency and distance specific. The higher the frequency or longer the distance, the greater

the loss.

Distance-To-Fault (DTF) Measurement

Reveals the precise fault location of compo-

nents in the transmission line system. This test helps to identify specific problems in the

system, such as connector transitions, jumpers, kinks in the cable or moisture intrusion.

The different measurements are defined as:

Return Loss - System Sweep

A measurement made when the antenna is connected at the

end of the transmission line. This measurement provides an analysis of how the various

components of the system are interacting and provides an aggregate return loss of the entire

system.

Distance To Fault - Load Sweep

A measurement is made with the antenna disconnected

and replaced with a 50

precision load at the end of the transmission line. This measure-

ment allows analysis of the various components of the transmission feed line system in the

DTF mode.

Cable Loss Sweep

A measurement made when a short is connected at the end of the

transmission line. This condition allows analysis of the signal loss through the transmission

line and identifies the problems in the system. High insertion loss in the feed line or jump-

ers can contribute to poor system performance and loss of coverage.

This whole process of measurements and testing the transmission line system is called Line

Sweeping.

CW Mode

CW mode can be used to maximize sweep speeds of both frequency and DTF measure-

ments. With CW on, sweep times can be twice as fast as with CW off. However, making

measurements with CW on will reduce the instrument’s immunity to interfering signals. In

a controlled environment, this reduced immunity should not be a problem. In the field

however, there can be stray signals from nearby or co-located transmitters that can affect

frequency and DTF measurements. Turning CW on and off can verify that the Site Master

is reducing the interfering signals. If there is no appreciable difference, then it should be

safe to make measurements with CW on.

4-2

Chapter 4 Cable & Antenna Measurements

Содержание Site Master S331D

Страница 1: ...rs contractors and installers Site Master S331D S332D Cable and Antenna Analyzer User s Guide MS2712 MS2712 MS2712 SiteMaster SpectrumMaster CellMaster MS2711D Spectrum Master S331D Site Master SiteMaster SpectrumMaster MT8212A Cell Master CellMaster Color display option shown ...

Страница 2: ...are the Buyer s sole and exclusive remedies TRADEMARK ACKNOWLEDGMENTS MS DOS Windows Windows 95 Windows NT Windows 98 Windows 2000 Win dows ME and Windows XP are registered trademarks of the Microsoft Corporation Anritsu FlexCal InstaCal and Site Master are trademarks of Anritsu Company NOTICE Anritsu Company has prepared this manual for use by Anritsu Company personnel and customers as a guide fo...

Страница 3: ......

Страница 4: ...unction Hard Keys 2 5 Keypad Hard Keys 2 6 Soft Keys 2 8 T1 Tester Mode Menus Option 50 2 33 E1 Tester Mode Menus Option 50 2 36 Transmission Measurement Menus 2 38 Power Meter Menus Option 29 2 45 Symbols 2 46 Self Test 2 46 Error Messages 2 47 Battery Information 2 52 Charging a New Battery 2 52 Determining Remaining Battery Life 2 53 Important Battery Information 2 55 Chapter 3 Getting Started ...

Страница 5: ...mplifier Measurement Example 5 4 Dynamic Attenuation Control 5 6 Frequency Converter Interface Option 6 5 7 Introduction 5 7 Bias Tee Option 10 5 7 Introduction 5 7 Selecting the Signal Standard and Channel 5 8 Field Strength Measurements 5 9 Occupied Bandwidth 5 10 Channel Power Measurement 5 12 Adjacent Channel Power Ratio 5 14 Interference Analysis 5 16 AM FM Demodulation 5 17 Demodulation Proc...

Страница 6: ...ransmission Measurement Procedure 9 3 Chapter 10 Handheld Software Tools Introduction 10 1 Features 10 1 System Requirements 10 1 Installation 10 2 Using Handheld Software Tools 10 3 Downloading Traces 10 3 Plot Capture to the PC 10 4 Plot Upload to the Instrument 10 4 Plot Properties 10 4 Appendix A Reference Data Coaxial Cable Technical Data A 1 Appendix B Windowing Introduction B 1 Examples B 1...

Страница 7: ...el S332D includes spec trum analysis capabilities including carrier to interference analysis The displayed trace can be scaled or enhanced with frequency markers or limit lines A menu option provides for an audible beep when the limit value is exceeded To permit use in low light environments the LCD contrast and backlight intensity can be adjusted Standard Accessories The Handheld Software Tools P...

Страница 8: ...nterface Cable Black Print Cartridge and U S Power Cable 2000 1215 Color Print Cartridge for HP450 DeskJet 2000 1216 Black Print Cartridge for HP450 DeskJet 2000 1217 Rechargeable Battery Pack for HP450 DeskJet 2000 1218 Power Cable U K for DeskJet Printer 2000 663 Power Cable Europe for DeskJet Printer 2000 664 Power Cable Australia for DeskJet Printer 2000 667 Power Cable S Africa for DeskJet Pr...

Страница 9: ... 5 GHz 510 96 Adapter 7 16 DIN m to 7 16 DIN m 7 5 GHz 510 97 Adapter 7 16 DIN f to 7 16 DIN f 7 5 GHz 1091 27 Adapter Type N male to SMA f adapter 1091 26 Adapter Type N male to SMA n adapter 15NNF50 1 5C Armored Test Port Extension Cable 1 5 meter N m to N f 6 GHz 15NNF50 3 0C Armored Test Port Extension Cable 3 0 meter N m to N f 6 GHz 15NNF50 5 0C Armored Test Port Extension Cable 5 0 meter N ...

Страница 10: ...3 5 msec data point CW ON Number of data points 130 or 259 or 517 Return Loss Range 0 00 to 60 00 dB Resolution 0 01 dB VSWR Range 1 00 to 65 00 Resolution 0 01 Cable Loss Range 0 00 to 30 00 dB Resolution 0 01 dB Measurement Accuracy 42 dB corrected directivity after calibration Distance To Fault Vertical Range Return Loss 0 00 to 60 00 dB VSWR 1 00 to 65 00 Horizontal Range 0 to of data pts 1 x ...

Страница 11: ...90 dBm 10 MHz 80 dBm 10 MHz 10 kHz RBW pre amp on Amplitude Total Level Accuracy 1 dB typical 1 5 dBm 10MHz to 3 GHz 2 dB typical 10 MHz for input signal levels 60 dBm excludes input VSWR mismatch Measurement Range 20 dBm to 135 dBm Input Attenuator Range 0 to 51 dB selected manually or automatically coupled to the reference level Resolution in 1 dB steps Displayed Average Noise Level 135 dBm typi...

Страница 12: ...RC Error Sec Error Insertion Bit BPV Framing Bits RAI AIS Loopback Modes Self loop CSU NIU user defined In band or Data Link Level Measurements Vp p 5 dBdsx Data Log Continuous up to 48 hrs E1 Analyzer Option 50 S331D only Line Coding AMI HDB3 Framing Modes PCM30 PCM30CRC PCM31 PCM31CRC Connection Configurations Terminate 75W 120W Bridge 1000W Monitor Connect via 20 dB pad in DSX Receiver Sensitiv...

Страница 13: ...ensitivity displayed 100 dBm average noise level Accuracy 1 75 dBm typ 2 25 dBm max Maximum Input Level 5 dBm without damage Input and Output Ports RF In Type N female 50W RF Out Type N male 50W Electromagnetic Meets European community requirements for CE marking Compatibility Safety Conforms to EN 61010 1 for Class 1 portable equipment Temperature Operating 10 C to 50 C 85 humidity or less Storag...

Страница 14: ... Type N female 50W Maximum Input without Damage 23 dBm 50 VDC RF In Type N female 50W Maximum Input without Damage 43 dBm Peak 50 VDC Ext Trig In BNC female 5 V TTL Ext Freq Ref In 2 to 20 MHz Shared BNC female 50W 15 dBm to 10 dBm Serial Interface RS 232 9 pin D sub three wire serial Electromagnetic Compatibility Meets European Community requirements for CE marking Safety Conforms to EN 61010 1 f...

Страница 15: ...al calibration with open short load or FlexCal calibration with an InstaCal module should be performed prior to making a measurement in the field see Calibration page 3 2 A built in temperature sensor in the Site Master advises the user when the internal temperature has exceeded a measurement accuracy window and the user is advised to perform another calibration in or der to maintain the integrity...

Страница 16: ...ce conformity This is especially important if the OSL calibration components have been accidentally dropped or over torqued ESD Precautions The Site Master like other high performance instruments is susceptible to ESD damage Very often coaxial cables and antennas build up a static charge which if allowed to dis charge by connecting to the Site Master may damage the Site Master input circuitry Site...

Страница 17: ...andburt 2194 South Africa Telephone 011 27 11 787 7200 FAX 011 27 11 787 0446 AUSTRALIA ANRITSU PTY LTD Unit 3 170 Foster Road Mt Waverley VIC 3149 Australia Telephone 03 9558 8177 FAX 03 9558 8255 ISRAEL TECH CENT LTD 4 Raul Valenberg St Tel Aviv 69719 Telephone 03 64 78 563 FAX 03 64 78 334 SWEDEN ANRITSU AB Fagelviksvagen 9A 145 84 Stockholmn Telephone 08 534 707 00 FAX 08 534 707 30 BRAZIL ANR...

Страница 18: ... 5 Vdc Automotive Cigarette Lighter Adapter P N 806 62 Both items are standard accessories Test Connector Panel The connectors and indicators located on the test panel Figure 2 1 are listed and described below The illustration depicts an S331D with Option 50 T1 E1 installed 12 5 15VDC 3A 12 5 to 15 Vdc 3A input to power the unit or for battery charging WARNING When using the AC DC Adapter always u...

Страница 19: ...s 23 dBm at 50 Vdc Spectrum Analyzer RF In 50W RF input 50 W impedance for spectrum analysis measurements Maximum in put is 43 dBm at 50 Vdc Ext Freq Ref Ext Trigger Input for an external reference signal or trigger in Spectrum Analyzer mode T1 E1 Receive Transmit Transmit and Receive connectors for T1 and E1 measurements Option 50 S331D only Frequency Converter Interface Option 6 Ten pin D style ...

Страница 20: ...ome of the key information areas of the S332D display Chapter 2 Functions and Operations 2 3 TITLE BAR DATA POINTS SWEEP TIME CALIBRATION STATUS MESSAGE AREA CURRENT MENU Figure 2 2 S331D Display Overview TITLE BAR SWEEP MODE DETECTION METHOD PREAMPLIFIER STATE MESSAGE AREA CURRENT MENU Figure 2 3 S332D Display Overview ...

Страница 21: ...eys are labeled with one function in black the other in blue There are also six soft keys that change function depending upon the current mode selec tion The current soft key function is indicated in the soft key menu area to the right of the status window The locations of the different keys are illustrated in Figure 2 4 The following sections describe the various key functions 2 4 Chapter 2 Funct...

Страница 22: ...ency or Distance to Fault soft key menus depending on the measurement mode see page 2 18 AMPLITUDE Displays the amplitude soft key menu for the current operating mode see page 2 20 MEAS DISP Displays the measurement and display soft key menus for the current operating mode see page 2 21 Chapter 2 Functions and Operations 2 5 o Measurement Mode Freq SWR Return Loss Cable Loss One Port DTF SWR Retur...

Страница 23: ... key again will close the pa rameter During normal sweeping pressing this key will move up one menu level Up Down Arrows Increments or decrements a parameter value The specific parameter value affected typically appears in the message area of the LCD NOTE At turn on before any other keys are pressed the Up Down arrow key may be used to adjust the display contrast Press ENTER to continue normal ope...

Страница 24: ...y is pressed a Recall Setup selection box appears on the display Select a setup using the Up Down arrow key and press the ENTER key to imple ment Setup 0 recalls the factory preset state for the current mode RUN HOLD When in the Hold mode this key starts the Site Master sweeping and pro vides a Single Sweep Mode trigger when in the Run mode it pauses the sweep When in the Hold mode the hold symbol...

Страница 25: ...gures show the soft key labels for each Mode selection 2 8 Chapter 2 Functions and Operations MODE Return Loss SOFTKEYS F1 130 F2 259 517 Bottom Signal Standard Page Up Page Up Select Trace Page Down Page Down Back Bottom of List Bottom of List Delete Trace Delete All Traces Top Top of List Top of List On Off Resolu tion Single Sweep Trace Math Trace Overlay Fixed CW FREQ DIST AMPLITUDE MEAS DISP ...

Страница 26: ...AMPLITUDE D2 DTF Aid More D1 Loss Cable Window Back Prop Vel Page Up Select Trace Page Down Back Bottom of List Delete Trace Delete All Traces Top of List On Off Resolu tion Single Sweep Trace Math Trace Overlay Fixed CW MEAS DISP Figure 2 7 Distance to Fault Mode Soft Key Labels ...

Страница 27: ... Ref Level Offset Ref Level FREQ DIST AMPLITUDE Edit Full Zero Span Up 1 2 5 Back Span Down 1 2 5 dBm Volts Auto Auto dBV Watts Manual Manual dBmV dBuV Linear Log Dynamic Dynamic BACK BACK Back Back Preamp Control Manual Preamp Auto Preamp On Off Page Up Page Down Bottom of List Top of List Figure 2 8 Spectrum Analyzer Mode Soft Key Labels S332D only ...

Страница 28: ... Trigger Position Back More Back Back RBW Auto VBW Auto RBW Manual VBW Manual Back Back Back Back Back Measure Measure Center Freq Center Freq Set IA Freq Signal Type Narrow Band FHSS Adj Channel BW Channel Spacing Channel Span Zoom One Channel Main Channel BW Measure Measure Center Wide Band FHSS C I IA Freq To Center Span Broadband IA Freq As Marker M1 Min Sweep Time Int BW Back Back Back Back B...

Страница 29: ...V User 2 RAI In Band Data Link AIS Receive Input Monitor 20 dB Loop Code Bridged Setup Error Insert D4 SF ESF Start Stop Measure Start Stop Measure Line Coding More Back Back Back Back Self Loop Up Remote Loop Up Self Loop Down Remote Loop Down More Back Back Vpp dBdsx Back Back Back Back Pattern Insert Errors Display Raw Data Histogram Back 0 dB 15 dB 7 5 dB Transmit Level Back Time Scale If Hist...

Страница 30: ...e If Histogram is selected External AMI BPV RAI AIS Receive Input Monitor 20 dB Bridged Setup Error Insert PCM30 PCM30 CRC PCM31 PCM31 CRC Start Stop Measure Start Stop Measure Line Coding Impedance More Back Back Back Back Back Vpp dBdsx Back Self Loop Up Self Loop Down More Back Back Back Pattern Insert Errors Display Raw Data Histogram Back 75 75 120 120 BERT Vpp Figure 2 11 E1 Tester Mode Soft...

Страница 31: ... Preamp Ref Level FREQ SPAN AMPLITUDE Edit Full Min Span Up 1 2 5 Back Span Down 1 2 5 Auto Manual Dynamic Back Preamp Control Manual Auto Manual Dynamic Back Preamp Auto Preamp On Off BW SWEEP Band width Calibrate TM Max Hold Average 2 25 Min Hold RBW Auto VBW Auto RBW Manual VBW Manual Back Figure 2 12 Transmission Measurement Mode Soft Keys ...

Страница 32: ...nits Rel Offset Zero Span Up 1 2 5 Back Back Span Down 1 2 5 FREQ DIST AMPLITUDE MEAS DISP RMS Averaging Figure 2 13 Power Meter Mode Soft Key Labels Option 29 Options Hour Clock Status Minute Self Test Month Language English Day Year Units Printer CAL Mode Change Date Format Back Back Figure 2 14 SYS Key Menu in Cable and Antenna Analyzer Mode ...

Страница 33: ...t External Ref Freq Back Back 50 75 Anritsu 12N50 75B __ Other Adapter Offset Back Bias Tee Figure 2 15 SYS Key Menu in Spectrum Analyzer and Transmission Measurement Modes Options Hour Clock Status Minute Self Test Month Language English Day Year Printer Ext Ref Freq Change Date Format Back Back Figure 2 16 SYS Key Menu in Power Meter Mode Option 29 ...

Страница 34: ...ter 2 Functions and Operations 2 17 Options Hour Clock Status Minute Self Test Month Language English Day Year Units Printer Log Data Change Date Format Back Back Figure 2 17 SYS Key in T1 E1 Mode Option 50 ...

Страница 35: ...ete q DTF Aid Provides interactive help to optimize DTF set up parameters Use the Up Down arrow key to select a parameter to edit Press ENTER when data entry is complete q More Selects the Distance Sub Menu detailed below q Loss Opens the Cable Loss parameter for data entry Enter the loss per meter or foot for the type of transmission line being tested Press ENTER when data entry is complete Range...

Страница 36: ... for viewing modulation q Span Up 1 2 5 activates the span function so that the span may be in creased quickly in a 1 2 5 sequence q Span Down 1 2 5 activates the span function so that the span may be re duced quickly in a 1 2 5 sequence q Back returns to the previous menu level q Start Sets the Spectrum Analyzer in the START STOP mode Enter a start frequency value in kHz MHz or GHz using the Up D...

Страница 37: ... coupled to the input signal Dynamic and provides control for the preamplifier q Auto Sets the input attenuator so that it is coupled automatically to the reference level q Manual Sets the input attenuator manually from 0 to 51 dB q Dynamic Sets the input attenuator so that it is dynamically coupled to the input signal and turns the preamp on or off as necessary q Preamp Control Manual Activates t...

Страница 38: ...s the immunity of the Site Master to an interfering signal When CW is ON only a single frequency with a very narrow band width is generated by the Site Master The sweep speed is somewhat faster in CW ON mode If CW is ON during normal RL or SWR measurements it will be more susceptible to interfering signals so use this feature with caution Interfering signals can make the measurement look better or...

Страница 39: ... Moves the results of trace A plus trace B to trace A q Back Returns to the previous menu level q Min Hold Displays and holds the minimum responses of the input sig nal q Back Returns to the previous menu level q Measure Activates a menu of measurement related functions Use the cor responding soft key to select the measurement function q Field Strength Accesses a menu of field strength measurement...

Страница 40: ...ack Returns to the previous menu q More Opens more measurement menus in spectrum analyzer mode q Int Analysis Opens the interference analysis measurement menu q Set IA Freq Set the interference analysis frequency from 9 kHz to 3000 MHz to measure the interference q Measure Measures the interference q IA Freq To Center Set the interference analysis frequency to the center of the interference freque...

Страница 41: ...evious menu MARKER Choosing MARKER in cable and antenna analyzer freq and dist mode causes the soft keys below to be displayed and the corresponding values to be shown in the message area Selected frequency marker or distance marker locations may be changed using the keypad or Up Down arrow key q M1 Selects the M1 marker parameter and opens the M1 marker second level menu q On Off Turns the select...

Страница 42: ...s the M6 second level menu q On Off Turns the selected marker on or off q Edit Opens the selected marker parameter for data entry Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the pre vious value q Peak Between M3 M4 Places the selected marker at the peak be tween marker M3 and marker M4 q Valley Between M3 M4 Places the selected marker at the valley between marker M3 and marker M4 ...

Страница 43: ...te or ESCAPE to restore the pre vious value q Marker Freq To Center Makes the center frequency of the Site Master equal to the frequency of the selected marker q Peak Between M1 M2 Places the selected marker at the fre quency with the maximum amplitude value between marker M1 and marker M2 q Valley Between M1 M2 Places the selected marker at the fre quency with the minimum amplitude value between ...

Страница 44: ...t Allows entry of the limit amplitude q Back Returns to the previous menu q Multiple Limits Sets multiple user defined limits and can be used to create a limit mask for quick pass fail measurements q Segment 1 through Segment 5 Opens the segment menu q On Off Turns the segment on or off q Edit Opens the parameter for data entry q Prev Segment Edit or view the parameters of the previous seg ment q ...

Страница 45: ...e previous menu q Back Returns to the previous menu q Multiple Lower Limits Set multiple user defined lower limits and can be used to create a lower limit mask for quick pass fail measurements A lower limit will result in a failure when the data falls below the limit line Menu choices are q Segment 1 through Segment 5 Opens the segment menu q On Off Turns the segment on or off q Edit Opens the par...

Страница 46: ... or the keypad Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to re store the previous value q Day Enter the day using the Up Down arrow key or the keypad Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the previous value q Year Enter the year 2003 2036 using the Up Down arrow key or the keypad Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to re store the previous value q Back ...

Страница 47: ... Back Returns to the top level SYS menu q Self Test Start an instrument self test q Impedance Opens up the 50W and 75W adapter menu q 50W Sets the Site Master impedance to 50W q 75W Anritsu 12N50 75B The Site Master offsets the 7 5 dB loss of the 12N50 75B adapter and sets the impedance to 75W q Other adapter Offset Use the Up Down arrow key or keypad to manu ally input the adapter loss from 0 dB ...

Страница 48: ...ESCAPE to re store the previous value q Back Returns to the top level SYS menu q Self Test Start an instrument self test q Status Displays the current instrument status temperature and battery charge state Press ESCAPE to return to operation q Language Pressing this soft key immediately changes the language used to display messages on the Site Master status window Choices are English French German...

Страница 49: ... previous value q Year Enter the year 1997 2036 using the Up Down arrow key or the keypad Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to re store the previous value q Back Returns to the top level SYS menu q Self Test Start an instrument self test q Status Displays the current instrument status temperature and battery charge state Press ESCAPE to return to operation q Language Pressing this ...

Страница 50: ...is through a 20 dB pad In the monitor mode the Cell Master sensitivity is increased by 20 dB to account for the resistive loss at the port and is set for 100W nominal input impedance In this mode the technician should be careful not to disturb the signal by using the wrong con nector q Back Returns to the previous menu q Pattern Opens a list of available BERT patterns Use the soft keys or the Up D...

Страница 51: ... in the data stream or in the Facility Data Link The Data Link mode cannot be selected with D4SF framing q Back q Transmit Level Selects the T1 transmit level q 0 dB q 7 5 dB q 15 dB q Back q ANSI CRC Japan CRC Selects either the ANSI or Japanese meth ods for calculating CRC Also selects between the ANSI and Japanese methods of generating RAI q Back q Measure BERT Activates menus that are used to ...

Страница 52: ...te Loop Up Transmits the selected loopback activate code After the loop activate code has been transmitted for the specified time the circuit is tested to see if the attempt was suc cessful and the result is reported q Remote Loop Down Transmits the selected loopback deactivate code After the loopback deactivate code has been transmitted for the specified time the circuit is tested to see if the a...

Страница 53: ...ine by bridging the receiver input across E1 lines q Monitor 20 dB Monitor mode adds 20 dB of gain and is used when the connection to the circuit under test is through a 20 dB pad q Back Returns to the previous menu q Pattern Opens a list of available BERT patterns Use the soft keys or the Up Down arrow key to highlight a pattern and press ENTER to select q Line Coding Selects the line coding to b...

Страница 54: ... or manual Use the Up Down arrow key to display the desired duration and press ENTER to select or ES CAPE to restore the previous value q Time Scale When histogram is selected the time scale can be set from one second to one hour in the following steps 1 second 15 sec onds 30 seconds 45 seconds 1 minute 15 minutes 30 minutes 45 minutes 60 minutes or AUTO Use the Up Down arrow key to dis play the d...

Страница 55: ...ckly in a 1 2 5 sequence q Span Down 1 2 5 Activates the span function so that the span may be reduced quickly in a 1 2 5 sequence q Back Returns to the previous menu level q Start Activates the start frequency and sets the Anritsu Spectrum Master in the Start Stop mode Use the keypad to enter the desired start frequency and complete the entry by pressing the GHz MHz kHz or Hz softkey to accept th...

Страница 56: ...e mixer 20 50 30 This prevents signal compression This is with the preamplifier off q Dynamic Turns on the dynamic attenuation control feature Dynamic attenuation tracks the input signal level automatically adjusting the atten uation and preamp to give the maximum dynamic range without com pressing the input mixer Dynamic attenuation is based on a broadband detector This means that an out of band ...

Страница 57: ...in the presence of noise q Trace Math Pressing the Trace Math key in Transmission Measure ment mode activates a menu of trace related functions Use the corre sponding softkey to select the desired trace function NOTE For this function Trace A is always the runtime trace and Trace B is al ways a saved trace With the standard monochrome display Trace A is dis played as a black trace and Trace B is d...

Страница 58: ...nth 1 12 using the keypad or Up Down arrow key and press ENTER to ac cept q Day The day as displayed in an edit box Enter the desired day 1 31 using the keypad or Up Down arrow key and press ENTER to accept q Year The year as displayed in an edit box Enter the desired year 2003 2038 using the keypad or Up Down arrow key and press ENTER to accept q Back Returns user to the top level system menu q S...

Страница 59: ...nding point of the current segment if the current segment is on q Back Returns to the previous menu level q Back Returns to the previous menu level q Multiple Lower Limits Set multiple user defined lower limits and can be used to create a lower limit mask for quick pass fail measurements A lower limit will result in a failure when the data falls below the limit line Menu choices are q Segment 1 5 ...

Страница 60: ... M2 M4 q M2 Selects the M2 marker parameter and opens the Markers second level menu with M2 highlighted q M3 Selects the M3 marker parameter and opens the Markers second level menu with M3 highlighted q M4 Selects the M4 marker parameter and opens the Markers second level menu with M4 highlighted q All Off Turns off all markers q More Press to access additional marker functions q M5 Selects the M5...

Страница 61: ...marker at the fre quency with minimum amplitude value between marker M1 and M2 q Back Returns to the previous menu level q Regular Marker Measures the signal level at the point of the marker in the unit type selected in the Amplitude Units menu When the regular marker option is selected all markers are regular markers q Noise Marker Measures noise level normalized to a 1 Hz bandwidth The unit of m...

Страница 62: ... 1 2 5 sequence q Back Returns to the previous menu level q Signal Standard Opens a menu of international signal standards Select a standard using the Up Down arrow key and press ENTER For more infor mation refer to Appendix C q Select Channel Select the appropriate channel for the selected standard The following soft keys are available when the AMPLITUDE key is pressed q Units Choose either Watts...

Страница 63: ...t integrator failure indicates a need to return the Site Master to the nearest Anritsu service center for repair Lock fail indication Check battery If the Site Master fails to lock with a fully charged battery call your Anritsu Service Center When calibration is performed the Site Master stores the temperature If the temperature drifts outside the specified range this icon will appear at the top o...

Страница 64: ...rature is within the specified operating range and the condition persists call your Anritsu Service Center RTC Battery Low The internal real time clock battery is low A low or drained clock bat tery will affect the date stamp on saved traces Contact your nearest Anritsu Service Center LO Lock Fail The local oscillator in the spectrum analyzer has phase lock loop er rors If condition persists with ...

Страница 65: ...ased range This range is determined by the frequency span number of points and relative propagation velocity MaximumUnaliased Range dp V f F F 1 5 108 1 2 1 Where dp is the number of data points 130 259 or 517 Vf is the relative propagation velocity F2 is the stop frequency in Hz F1 is the start frequency in Hz Maximum Unaliased Range is in meters RANGE ERROR TOP BOTTOM The SWR scale parameter top...

Страница 66: ...user attempts to change the following parameters when not in zero span CHANGE TRIGGER POSITION MEAS DISP TRIGGER VIDEO TRIGGER MEAS DISP TRIGGER Cannot Perform Oper ation in Zero Span This error is displayed when the user tries to do field strength occupied bandwidth channel power and adjacent channel power measurements when in Zero Span Xref N MHz The internal reference is locked to an N MHz exte...

Страница 67: ...d InstaCal characterization to use the currently connected module Press the NO soft key to keep the stored InstaCal characterization A listing of possible InstaCal error messages is provided in Table 2 5 2 50 Chapter 2 Functions and Operations Error Message Description Failed to read serial number of InstaCal module The Site Master was unable to read the InstaCal module serial number Failed to suc...

Страница 68: ...a non zero frequency span Invalid Sweep Data The sweep data is invalid Use Options menu to select a printer Attempting to print a display with no printer selected Select a printer then retry Flexcal is not suit able for this case Change To OSL CAL mode SYS Options The cable is too long or too reflective for FlexCal to work OSL cal must be used instead Cannot zero input signal too high Attempting t...

Страница 69: ... the battery is fully charged the fast charging indicator will turn off and a trickle charge will be started to maintain battery capacity If the battery fails to charge contact your nearest Anritsu ser vice center NOTES If a battery is excessively discharged it may require several hours of trickle charging before the charger will allow a fast charge Switching to fast charge mode is not automatic Y...

Страница 70: ...en the AC DC adapter is unplugged from the Site Master the battery indicator symbol will be continuously displayed at the top left corner of the Site Master display Figure 2 18 A totally black bar within the battery icon indicates a fully charged battery When LOW BATT replaces the battery indicator bar at the top left corner a couple of minutes of measurement time remains If a flashing LOW BATT is...

Страница 71: ...y after 12 months of continuous use The battery can be charged and discharged 300 to 500 times but it will eventually wear out The battery may need to be replaced when the operating time between charging is notice ably shorter than normal 2 54 Chapter 2 Functions and Operations Selftest Temperature 24 C Memory PASSED RTC Battery 3 1V Voltage Battery 11 1V Battery Cal PASSED Battery Charge 84 I 743...

Страница 72: ...o improve battery performance and bat tery life The battery can be charged and discharged hundreds of times but it will eventually wear out The battery may need to be replaced when the operating time between charging is notice ably shorter than normal If a battery is allowed to totally discharge the smart memory capability of the battery may be lost resulting in incorrect battery capacity readings...

Страница 73: ...y charge the battery This can be achieved with either the Anritsu AC DC Adapter P N 40 163 or 12 5 Vdc Automotive Cigarette Lighter Adapter P N 806 62 Both items are included as standard accessories see Chapter 1 To power on the Site Master Step 1 Press the ON OFF front panel key Figure 3 1 Step 2 The Site Master will display the model number the firmware revision the inter nal temperature and vol...

Страница 74: ... stop frequencies displayed match the desired measure ment range Calibration Calibration Methods For accurate results the Site Master must be calibrated before making any measurements The Site Master must be re calibrated whenever the setup frequency changes the tempera ture exceeds the calibration temperature range or when the test port extension cable is re moved or replaced The two methods of c...

Страница 75: ...ristics in Return Loss Mode As the discrete calibration components are connected to the Site Master RF out port the following measurement levels will be displayed on the screen q When an OPEN is connected a trace will be displayed between 0 10 dB q When a SHORT is connected a trace will be displayed between 0 10 dB q When a LOAD is connected a trace will be displayed between 0 50 dB When an InstaC...

Страница 76: ...Step 4 Connect the calibrated Open and press the ENTER key The messages Mea suring OPEN and Connect SHORT to RF Out will appear Step 5 Remove the Open connect the calibrated Short and press the ENTER key The messages Measuring SHORT and Connect LOAD to RF Out will appear Step 6 Remove the Short connect the calibrated Termination and press the ENTER key The message Measuring LOAD will appear An aud...

Страница 77: ...ing measurements is critical to the measured data InstaCal module verification identifies any failures in the module due to cir cuitry damage or failure of the control circuitry This test does not attempt to characterize the InstaCal module which is performed at the factory or the service center The performance of the InstaCal module can be verified by the Termination method or the Offset method T...

Страница 78: ...re the return loss of the 20 dB Offset The level should be 20 dB 2 dB across the calibrated frequency range Step 6 Press the MARKER key and set the M1 marker to Marker To Peak The M1 value should be approximately 20 dB return loss Step 7 Press SAVE DISPLAY page 3 14 name the trace and press ENTER InstaCal Module Calibration Procedures NOTE The InstaCal module is not a discrete calibration componen...

Страница 79: ...lowed by the Options soft key The currently selected calibration method is indicated at the bottom of the status win dow Use the CAL Mode soft key to select the FlexCal calibration method Step 2 Press the START CAL key The message Connect OPEN or InstaCal to RF Out port will appear in a message box with the calibration type in the message box title bar Step 3 Connect the InstaCal module to the RF ...

Страница 80: ...ss the scale may be changed to 0 10 dB If the scale is not changed some measurement results may not be easily viewed on the screen Set the Distance and Cable Type In Distance To Fault DTF mode the length of the transmission line distance and cable type are selected The cable type determines the velocity propagation and cable attenuation factor The following procedure can be used to set the distanc...

Страница 81: ... for additional ca bles A custom cable list can be created and uploaded using the Handheld Soft ware Tools application provided with the Site Master Chapter 10 Step 7 Using the Up Down arrow key select the appropriate type of cable and press the ENTER key The selected cable type Prop Vel and Cable Loss in dB m or dB ft will be displayed on the DTF parameters screen Step 8 Press ENTER Chapter 3 Get...

Страница 82: ...r the keypad and press ENTER to accept the input Selecting the Center Frequency and Span NOTE Changing the center frequency and span will change the start and stop frequencies Conversely changing the Start and Stop frequencies will change the center frequency and span Step 1 To enter a center frequency select the Center soft key and enter the desired cen ter frequency using the Up Down arrow key o...

Страница 83: ...asurements Selecting Bandwidth Parameters Both resolution bandwidth RBW and video bandwidth VBW can be automatically or manually coupled Auto coupling of the RBW links the RBW to the span That is the wider the span the wider the RBW Auto coupling is indicated on the display as RBW XXX When the RBW is manually coupled it can be adjusted independently of the span Manual RBW coupling is indicated on ...

Страница 84: ...asured value for the measurements associated with the display point To set the detection method press the MEAS DISP key the Trace soft key and press the Detection soft key and select either Positive Peak RMS Average Negative Peak or Sam pling Mode detection Minimum Sweep Time The minimum sweep time allows a value from 05 ms to 200 seconds to be entered The ac tual sweep time will be either the Min...

Страница 85: ...is 30 dBm 20 50 30 This prevents signal compression Dynamic Attenuation Dynamic attenuation tracks the input signal level automatically adjusting the attenuation and preamp to give the maximum dynamic range without compressing the input mixer Dynamic attenuation is indicated on the display as Atten Dynamic Setting the System Impedance The RF In and RF Out ports both have 50W impedance The Site Mas...

Страница 86: ...LX Recalling a Setup The following procedure recalls a setup from memory Step 1 Press the RECALL SETUP key Step 2 Select the desired setup using the Up Down arrow key Step 3 Press ENTER to recall the setup NOTE Only setups from the current mode are displayed Save and Recall a Display Saving a Display The following procedure saves a display to memory Step 1 Press the SAVE DISPLAY key to activate th...

Страница 87: ...s when in cable and antenna analyzer mode Step 1 Press the SYS key Step 2 Select the Options soft key Step 3 Press the Units soft key to change from metric to English measurement units or vice versa The current selection is displayed at the bottom left corner of the screen Changing the Language By default the Site Master displays messages in English To change the display language Step 1 Press the ...

Страница 88: ...ement fails if the data appears below the limit line Press the Upper Lower Limit soft key if necessary so that the status window says Fail if data is Below Line Adjusting Segmented Limits Segmented limit lines are defined separately as five upper limit segments and five lower limit segments This allows the definition of a spectral mask A limit segment is defined by its end points That is starting ...

Страница 89: ...data point that violates the defined limit Step 1 Press the LIMIT key numeric keypad number 7 Step 2 Press the Limit Beep soft key The status window will indicate that the status of the limit beep is On and the soft key will remain in the down state Press the Limit Beep soft key again to disable the limit beep Adjusting the Display Contrast The contrast of the Site Master status window can be adju...

Страница 90: ...ep 4 Press the PRINT key Step 5 Connect the printer as shown in Figure 3 4 Printer Switch Settings Set the switches on the serial to parallel interface cable to the HP Deskjet 450 ink jet printer as follows 3 18 Chapter 3 Getting Started HP DESKJET PRINTER SERIAL TO PARALLEL SITE MASTER INTERFACE CABLE 2000 753 HOLD RUN START CAL AUTO SCALE SAVE SETUP RECALL SETUP LIMIT MARKER SAVE DISPLAY RECALL ...

Страница 91: ...n designed such that the strap can be unsnapped to allow the case to be easily oriented horizontally thus allowing the Anritsu controls to be more easily accessed Figure 3 5 Chapter 3 Getting Started 3 19 3 20 Figure 3 5 Using the Site Master Soft Carrying Case ...

Страница 92: ...Site Master is in frequency or DTF mode Line Sweep Fundamentals In wireless communication the transmit and receive antennas are connected to the radio through a transmission line This transmission line is usually a coaxial cable or waveguide This connection system is referred to as a transmission feed line system Figure 4 1 shows an example of a typical transmission feed line system 4 1 Figure 4 1...

Страница 93: ...nnected at the end of the transmission line This measurement provides an analysis of how the various components of the system are interacting and provides an aggregate return loss of the entire system Distance To Fault Load Sweep A measurement is made with the antenna disconnected and replaced with a 50W precision load at the end of the transmission line This measure ment allows analysis of the va...

Страница 94: ...rifies the performance of the transmission feed line sys tem with the antenna connected at the end of the transmission line To measure the system return loss Required Equipment q Site Master Model S331D S332D q Precision Open Short Anritsu 22N50 or Precision Open Short Load Anritsu OSLN50LF or InstaCal Module ICN50 q Precision Load Anritsu SM PL q Test Port Extension Cable Anritsu 15NNF50 1 5C q O...

Страница 95: ... The transmission feed line insertion loss test verifies the signal attenuation level of the ca ble system in reference to the specification This test can be conducted with the Site Master in Freq Cable Loss mode Required Equipment q Site Master Model S331D S332D q Precision Open Short Anritsu 22N50 or Precision Open Short Load Anritsu OSLN50LF or Anritsu InstaCal Module ICN50 q Precision Load Anr...

Страница 96: ... described on page 3 2 Step 5 Save the calibration set up page 3 14 Step 6 Connect the Device Under Test to the Site Master phase stable Test Port Exten sion cable A trace will be displayed on the screen as long as the Site Master is in sweep mode Step 7 Cable loss is displayed in the status window Step 8 Press SAVE DISPLAY page 3 14 name the trace and press ENTER Figure 4 3 is an example of a typ...

Страница 97: ...on Feed Line with Load Procedure Return Loss Mode The following steps explain how to make a DTF measurement in return loss mode Step 1 Press the MODE key Step 2 Select DTF Return Loss using the Up Down arrow key and press ENTER Step 3 Connect the Test Port Extension cable to the RF port and calibrate the Site Mas ter as described on page 3 2 Step 4 Save the calibration set up page 3 14 Step 5 Conn...

Страница 98: ...ss the MODE key Step 2 Select the DTF SWR using the Up Down arrow key and press ENTER Step 3 Follow the same procedure as DTF Return Loss mode above Resolution There are three sets of data points 130 259 and 517 available in the Site Master The fac tory default is 259 data points By increasing the number of data points the measurement accuracy and transmission line distance to measure will increas...

Страница 99: ...rt Anritsu 22N50 or Precision Open Short Load Anritsu OSLN50LF or Anritsu InstaCal Module ICN50 q Precision Load Anritsu SM PL q Test Port Extension Cable Anritsu 15NNF50 1 5C q Optional 510 90 Adapter DC to 7 5 GHz 50 ohm 7 16 F N M Device Under Test q Antenna Sub Assembly Procedure Step 1 Press the MODE key Step 2 Select Freq Return Loss using the Up Down arrow key and press ENTER Step 3 Connect...

Страница 100: ...d threshold value Maximum Return Loss 20 1 1 log VSWR VSWR NOTES VSWR is the antenna manufacturer s specified VSWR Use Handheld Software Tools to convert VSWR to Return Loss or Return Loss to VSWR If the measured return loss is less than the calculated threshold value the test fails and the antenna must be replaced Chapter 4 Cable Antenna Measurements 4 9 4 10 Figure 4 5 Antenna Return Loss Trace ...

Страница 101: ...o set tle to the correct value so that it can be measured The narrower the filter bandwidth reso lution bandwidth the longer the settling time The choice of resolution bandwidth will depend on the signal being measured If two closely spaced signals are to be measured individually then a narrow bandwidth is re quired If a wider bandwidth is used then the energy of both signals will be included in t...

Страница 102: ...ning its specified accuracy but will have a sweep rate limitation depending on the resolution bandwidth video bandwidth and frequency range selected The sweep rate is not usually chosen by the user but is determined by the frequency range swept divided by the sweep time The limitation on sweep rate comes from the settling or response time of the resolution and video bandwidth filters If an analyze...

Страница 103: ...hapter provides an overview of preamplifier operation A measurement exam ple is included Preamplifier Operation To turn the preamplifier on or off Step 1 Reset the S332D to the factory default settings for the current mode by pressing the RECALL SETUP key on the data keypad When the key is pressed a Re call Setup selection box appears on the display Select setup location 0 De fault to recall the f...

Страница 104: ... 4 Press the Span soft key and use the Up Down arrow key or the keypad to enter a span of 1 MHz Step 5 Set the signal source output level to 120 dBm Step 6 Press the AMPLITUDE key and select the Ref Level soft key to set the reference level to 80 dBm Step 7 Press the Scale soft key and set the scale to 10 dB division Step 8 Press the Atten Preamp soft key and set the attenuation to Auto and press ...

Страница 105: ...r of the display The displayed noise level should be lowered by approximately 20 dB on the dis play and the signal should appear on top of the displayed noise The noise level will drop further if the RBW is reduced Figure 5 2 shows the measurement results with the preamplifier on 5 5 Chapter 5 Spectrum Analyzer Measurements Figure 5 1 Preamplifier Off Figure 5 2 Preamplifier On ...

Страница 106: ...ecessary press the MODE key and use the Up Down arrow key to select the Spectrum Analyzer mode Press the ENTER key to select Step 2 Reset the S332D to the factory default settings for the current mode by pressing the RECALL SETUP key on the data keypad When the key is pressed a Re call Setup selection box appears on the display Select setup location 0 De fault to recall the factory preset state fo...

Страница 107: ...place the 18 Vdc on the center conductor of the RF In port This voltage can be used to provide power to block down converters in satellite receivers and to power some tower mounted amplifiers Bias can be turned on when the instrument is in either spectrum analyzer or transmission measurement mode When bias is turned on the bias voltage and current are displayed in the upper left corner of the disp...

Страница 108: ...ally by se lecting from the standards stored in the Site Master Procedure Step 1 On the Site Master press the MODE key Step 2 Use the Up Down arrow key to select the Spectrum Analyzer mode and press ENTER Step 3 Select the Signal Standard soft key use the Up Down arrow key to select a sig nal standard and press ENTER Step 4 Select the Select Channel soft key and use the Up Down arrow key or the nu...

Страница 109: ...op keys or Signal Standard and Select Channel keys Step 5 Upload the antenna factors to the Site Master Step 6 Press the MEAS DISP key and select the Measure soft key Step 7 Select the Field Strength soft key from the measurement menu Step 8 Press the Select Standard Antenna or Select Custom Antenna soft key and use the Up Down arrow key to select the desired antenna factor file from the stan dard...

Страница 110: ...Center and Span soft keys the Start and Stop soft keys or the Signal Standard and Select Channel soft keys Step 4 Press the AMPLITUDE key and select the Ref Level soft key to set the appropri ate reference level Step 5 Select the Atten Preamp soft key to set the input attenuation level to automatic manual or dynamic Step 6 Press Preamp On Off or Preamp Auto to activate the preamplifier manually or...

Страница 111: ...upied bandwidth is calculated at the end of a sweep An hourglass is displayed as the calculations are performed Markers M1 and M2 indicate the occupied band on the graph The measurement results ap pear beneath the graph 5 11 Chapter 5 Spectrum Analyzer Measurements Figure 5 4 Occupied Bandwidth ...

Страница 112: ...6 Press the Atten Preamp soft key and set the attenuation to an appropriate attenu ation setting using automatic manual or dynamic Step 7 Press Preamp On Off or Preamp Auto to activate the preamplifier manually or automatically The default preamplifier mode is automatic Step 8 Press the Back soft key to return to the previous menu Step 9 Press the MEAS DISP key select the Bandwidth soft key and se...

Страница 113: ...dth and channel span are set to the same value the Site Master uses all the sampling points for integration providing the most accurate measurements The ratio of the integration band width to channel span is kept constant When the integration bandwidth is changed the ratio remains the same The ratio can be changed by changing the channel span For example when the integration bandwidth is doubled t...

Страница 114: ...propriate network standard and press ENTER Step 3 Press the Select Channel soft key enter a value and press ENTER NOTE For ACPR measurements when the appropriate Channel is selected the Main channel bandwidth Adjacent channel bandwidth and channel spacing are automatically set Step 4 Press the AMPLITUDE key and select the Ref Level soft key to set the reference level to an appropriate value Step 5...

Страница 115: ... main on until it is turned off by pressing the Measure key again When the ACPR measure ment is on an ACPR icon appears to the left of the graph ACPR is calculated at the end of a sweep An hourglass is displayed as the calculations are performed 5 15 Chapter 5 Spectrum Analyzer Measurements Figure 5 6 Adjacent Channel Power Measurement ...

Страница 116: ...lect the Spectrum Analyzer mode and press ENTER Step 2 Press the MEAS DISP key and select the Measure soft key Step 3 Press the More soft key and the Int Analysis soft key Step 4 Press the Set IA Freq soft key enter the appropriate frequency to analyze the in terfering signal and press ENTER Alternatively press the IA Frequency as Marker M1 soft key when marker M1 is on to set the IA frequency to ...

Страница 117: ...o match the modulation format of the signal Step 3 Press the Back soft key Step 4 For AM or FM signals press the Demod Freq soft key and use the keypad to en ter the center frequency of the signal to be demodulated By default the demod ulation frequency is the center of the frequency span For SSB Upper and SSB Lower signals press the Demod Freq BFO Adj soft key By default the demodulation frequenc...

Страница 118: ...e Up Down arrow key to change the audio vol ume from 0 to 100 For most headsets a volume of 40 is adequate Step 7 The Demod Time soft key sets the time the Spectrum Master will demodulate the signal Enter a value from 100 ms to 500 seconds 5 18 Chapter 5 Spectrum Analyzer Measurements Figure 5 9 SSB Demodulation Figure 5 10 AM Demodulation ...

Страница 119: ...rce WB FHSS q The interferer is a broadband signal BB The primary application for this type of measurement is determining the magnitude of inter ference problems for 802 11b 802 11g and 802 11a access points hot spots Procedure Step 1 If necessary press the MODE key and use the Up Down arrow key to select the Spectrum Analyzer mode Press the ENTER key to select Step 2 Press the Signal Standard sof...

Страница 120: ...ady been selected press the Center soft key and enter the desired frequency Step 8 If needed press the Span soft key and set an appropriate span width for the sig nal to be measured Step 9 If the signal environment includes slow frequency hopping signals such as cord less telephones press the Min Sweep Time soft key to set a sweep time of one second or more to give a good chance of capturing insta...

Страница 121: ... automatically append a C to the saved carrier trace and a I to the saved interference trace Step 14 Press the C I Done soft key to return to normal sweeping mode Step 15 To recall the carrier and interferer traces select the RECALL DISPLAY key and use the Up Down arrow key to select either the C or I trace Both traces will be displayed with the selected trace data shown at the bottom of the dis p...

Страница 122: ...to measure over any frequency span that is within the capability of the instrument Step 1 In the FREQ DIST menu press the Center soft key and enter the desired fre quency between 4 5 and 2998 5 MHz If the existing span value would cause the instrument to be tuned outside of its available frequency range the span is auto matically changed to the maximum value for the given center frequency Step 2 P...

Страница 123: ... signal standard Step 2 Press the ENTER key Step 3 Press the Select Channel soft key and use the Up Down arrow key or the nu meric keypad to enter the channel to measure Zero Pressing the Zero key tells the instrument to assume that the residual power being measured should be zeroed out The instrument displays 80 dBm or 0 01 nW after the key is pressed Changing the Display Units The power reading ...

Страница 124: ...igure 7 1 In the United States wireless service providers generally lease T1 lines from a Local Ex change Carrier LEC so it often requires a joint effort to analyze and troubleshoot a T1 line T1 is an American National Standard Institute ANSI standard used mostly in North America parts of Japan and some Asian countries Technically a T1 line is a digital trans mission facility consisting of wire pa...

Страница 125: ...e wireless service provider technician Some repeaters may exist in the circuit when the signal is traveling long distances Repeaters are full duplex devices that regenerate or restore the pulse shape and amplitude Another possible configuration between BTS and MSC is shown in Figure 7 3 This configuration uses a High speed Digital Subscriber Line HDSL in the T1 circuit which enables full duplex T1...

Страница 126: ...ting of the T1 circuit In Service Testing In service testing can only be done when the equipment has a test port When testing a T1 circuit in service it is always better to perform a bridged or monitoring test to avoid dis rupting service Even when the T1 circuit is down these tests will help to verify and identify the correct fault circuit The following measurements can be used to check the T1 pe...

Страница 127: ...id measurement Step 4 Press the Receive Input soft key and select Bridged mode Press Back to return to the previous menu Step 5 Press the Line Coding soft key and select B8ZS or AMI coding Press Back to re turn to the previous menu Step 6 Select the More soft key to access more menu selections Step 7 Press the Clock Source soft key and select External to synchronize to the trans mitting equipment ...

Страница 128: ...le is 60 minutes NOTE The unit sets the histogram display and collects and displays the data based on the selected time scale For example if the time scale is set to 30 minutes the unit collects and updates the histogram display data every 30 min utes When the time scale is set to Auto the unit automatically sets the histo gram display to collect the data based on the selected measurement duration...

Страница 129: ...ck at one end of the circuit and a unit and technician at the other end to measure the round trip of the T1 performance The ANSI T1 standard defines in band and out of band loopcodes In band codes are trans mitted in place of payload data and are repeated continuously for a period of five seconds They can be used either with D4 SF or ESF Out of band loopcodes can only be used with the ESF framing ...

Страница 130: ...us menu Step 5 Press the Pattern soft key and select Auto or the appropriate pattern for this test and press ENTER Step 6 Press the Line Coding soft key and select either the B8ZS or AMI soft key as ap propriate Press Back to return to the previous menu Step 7 Press the Transmit Level soft key and select either the 0 dB 7 5 dB or 15 dB transmitter signal level soft key as appropriate for this meas...

Страница 131: ...Figure 7 7 illustrates some of the key information of the T1 measurement setup 7 8 Chapter 7 T1 Measurements Figure 7 7 T1 Out of Service Measurement ...

Страница 132: ...e unit sets the histogram display and collects and displays the data based on the selected time scale For example if the time scale is set to 30 minutes the unit collects and updates the histogram display data every 30 min utes When the time scale is set to Auto the unit automatically sets the histo gram display to collect the data based on the selected measurement duration Step 6 Press the Start ...

Страница 133: ...ght side at the bottom of the display Activating Loopback Code Step 10 Press the More soft key to activate the Loopback menu Step 11 Press the Self Loop Up or the Remote Loop Up soft key depending on the loca tion to activate the loopback code Step 12 Press the Self Loop Down or Remote Loop Down soft key to stop the loopback code 7 10 Chapter 7 T1 Measurements Figure 7 9 T1 BERT Measurement Displa...

Страница 134: ...8 1 E1 is an International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sec tor standard for E1 and is widely used in Europe and Asian countries E1 is a digital signal carrying the information at a rate of 2 Mbps with each 2 Mbps frame containing 256 bits in 32 time slots Each slot has 8 bits at a repetition rate of exactly 8 kHz The first time slot is reserved for framing error check...

Страница 135: ...e pieces of trans mission equipment An interface unit is located at the MSC and the BTS The interface unit may be a very simple device having only a remote loop back capability or it may provide very sophisticated performance monitoring capabilities Its capabilities may or may not be accessible to the wireless service provider technician Chapter 8 E1 Measurements 8 2 MSC BTS E1 BACKHAUL Figure 8 2...

Страница 136: ...e E1 circuit is down these tests will help to verify and identify the cor rect fault circuit E bits and CRC are very useful for in service testing to monitor E1 performance When the equipment detects an incoming CRC 4 error it will transmit an E bit error toward the equipment at other end which will be seen by the test unit E bits de termine the trouble location of the circuit Without E bits the e...

Страница 137: ...wo situations only 1 When the unit is initially set for auto detect and 2 When a new measurement is started and loss of frame or pattern sync is de tected The Cell Master will not attempt to auto detect in mid measurement Step5 Press the Receive Input soft key and select Bridged mode Press Back to return to the previous menu Step6 Press the Line Coding soft key and select HDB3 or AMI coding Press ...

Страница 138: ...Figure 8 3 illustrates some of the key information of the E1 setup measurement display Chapter 8 E1 Measurements 8 5 Figure 8 3 E1 BERT Setup Measurement Display ...

Страница 139: ...esolution and press ENTER The maximum time scale is 60 minutes NOTE The unit sets the histogram display and collects and displays the data based on the selected time scale For example if the time scale is set to 30 minutes the unit collects and updates the histogram display data every 30 min utes When the time scale is set to Auto the unit automatically sets the histo gram display to collect the d...

Страница 140: ...Figure 8 5 shows the E1 measurement display in histogram mode Chapter 8 E1 Measurements 8 7 Figure 8 5 E1 BERT Measurement Display with Histogram ...

Страница 141: ...q Bantam Cables Anritsu Part Number 806 16 2 Procedure Step 1 Press the MODE key select E1 Tester and press ENTER Step 2 Select the BERT soft key Step 3 Select the Setup BERT soft key Step 4 Press the Framing Mode soft key and choose Auto PCM30 PCM30CRC PCM31 or PCM31CRC framing type Press Back to return to the previous menu Step 5 Press the Receive Input soft key and select Terminate Press Back t...

Страница 142: ...e for the measurement Figure 8 6 illustrates some of the key information of the E1 measurement Setup BERT Measurement Step 1 Press the MEAS DISP key select BERT and then the Measure BERT soft key Step 2 Press the Measure Duration soft key and use the Up Down arrow key to select the duration of the measurement and press ENTER Figure 8 7 illustrates an E1 measurement in raw data mode NOTE The RUN HO...

Страница 143: ...the histo gram display to collect the data based on the selected measurement duration Step 6 Press the Start Stop Measure soft key to begin the measurement Step 7 Press the SYS key then the Options and Log Data soft keys to save the data A message window will display if there is insufficient memory to log the complete duration Adjust the Measurement Duration and Time Scale as necessary to log the ...

Страница 144: ...rs can also be measured with Option 21 provided an external attenuator is in stalled between the RF Out port of the S332D and the input of the amplifier The value of this attenuator depends on the required input signal level into the amplifier Note that the output power of the signal source is not leveled making it most suitable for gain measure ments in the linear region of an amplifier Calibrati...

Страница 145: ... to the RF Out port and connect the cable to the attenuator output The displayed trace before calibration should be similar to the one shown in Figure 9 2 Step 5 Press the ENTER key The unit will sweep once and store transmission correction information On the next sweep the trace should be flat at the zero dB reference line and ready for measurements The cali bration information is lost when the i...

Страница 146: ...ect the duplexer to the Site Master Step 4 Calibrate the Site Master for transmission measurements as described in the pre vious section Step 5 Reconnect the duplexer and make the measurements Chapter 9 Transmission Measurement 9 3 9 4 DUPLEXER HOLD RUN START CAL AUTO SCALE SAVE SETUP RECALL SETUP LIMIT MARKER SAVE DISPLAY RECALL DISPLAY PRINT MODE FREQ DIST AMPLITUDE MEAS DISP SYS ENTER CLEAR ESC...

Страница 147: ...abase file q Ability to export plot data as text files for use in a spreadsheet txt file format q Ability to save captured plots as graphic files wmf file format q Ability to zoom in or out to analyze a particular region of the plot q Ability to modify Plot Properties q Ability to output plots to a printer for hard copy records q Capture the current trace on the unit q Create antenna factor files ...

Страница 148: ...ault directory C Program Files Software Tools and the installation will begin The readme doc file on the disk provides updated information about the program and the Help function provides detailed operating information Communication Port Setting The Handheld Software Tools communicates with the instrument through a standard serial COM port on the PC Set the baud rate of the COM port to 115200 Step...

Страница 149: ... from the instrument are grouped by the date on which they were saved They are further organized in chronological order for each date with the oldest trace at the top of the list Each trace listing displays the trace name and measurement type for that trace Available measurement types are SA Spectrum Analyzer DTF Distance to Fault TG Tracking Generator Cable Loss TGF Tracking Generator Fast Tune I...

Страница 150: ...The uploaded trace can be viewed on the instrument by pressing the RECALL DISPLAY button on the instrument keypad Plot Properties After downloading certain plot properties and information can be modified Select the Plot Properties or Plot Information icon Plot Properties that can be changed include Graph Titles Display Mode Scale Limit Markers Misc Plot Display Parameters Graph Titles After downlo...

Страница 151: ...oviders and network operators where the trace data must be visible and legible for documentation The line density of the trace can be set to Normal Thin Line or Thick Line to make the data appear easily when copies are made Plot Footer allows selection of information to be displayed in the trace display Selections are q Time Date q Impedance q Model and Serial Number q Measurements q Bias Tee q DT...

Страница 152: ...opied and transferred into other applications as a picture or graphic file To copy a metafile Step1 Select the trace to be copied with the mouse cursor Step2 Select Edit and then Copy The file will copied to the clipboard or select File and then Export to a Windows metafile Step3 Open the target application Microsoft Word etc Step4 Select Edit and then Paste The file will be inserted as a graphic ...

Страница 153: ...can be set up under the print format in Handheld Software Tools Orientation of how the plots are printed on the page can be changed from vertical to horizontal Entering Antenna Factors in Handheld Software Tools NOTE The Antenna Factor parameter is only applicable to Anritsu Hand Held Spectrum Analyzers The Antenna Factor AF is a fundamental parameter of an antenna used in field measure ments AF i...

Страница 154: ...ple an antenna having an antenna factor of 5 from 2 0 to 2 25 GHz and an antenna factor of 4 from 2 25 to 2 5 GHz should be entered as follows If necessary an antenna factor of zero 0 may be entered Step3 Select Save from the File menu to save the antenna factors to the hard disk Uploading Antenna Factors All 10 available antennas are transferred to the instrument at the same time To modify only a...

Страница 155: ...sion lines NOTE Values for the cable list are taken from manufacturers specifications Complex digital communications systems may require adjustment to attenua tion values at the higher frequencies Contact the manufacturer for the appropri ate cable losses The Cable Editor is specifically designed to provide contractors service providers and net work operators with a list of cable types that are ta...

Страница 156: ...ed plot Step3 Use the cursor to read out values shown in the bottom tray of the PC screen at each point along the DTF trace Maximize the plot window for best cursor reso lution NOTES The distance units meters or feet can be changed by selecting De fault Plot Settings from the Settings menu The stop distance entry must be less than or equal to the maximum un aliased range D Max and the start distan...

Страница 157: ...070 Andrew LDF6 50 0 89 0 029 0 044 0 051 Andrew LDF7 50A 0 88 0 024 0 037 0 043 Andrew LDF12 50 0 88 0 021 0 033 N A Andrew LDF4 5 50 0 89 0 054 0 08 0 091 Andrew LDF5 50B 0 91 0 041 0 061 0 07 Andrew HJ4 50 0 914 0 087 0 137 0 15 Andrew HJ4 5 50 0 92 0 054 0 079 0 084 Andrew HJ5 50 0 916 0 042 0 063 0 07 Andrew HJ7 50A 0 921 0 023 0 034 0 04 Andrew HJ12 50 0 931 0 019 0 029 N A Andrew VXL5 50 0 ...

Страница 158: ...087 0 126 0 137 Cablewave HCC78 50J 0 915 0 041 0 061 0 066 Cablewave HCC158 50J 0 95 0 022 0 031 0 033 Cablewave HCC300 50J 0 96 0 015 N A N A Cablewave HCC312 50J 0 96 0 013 N A N A Cablewave HF 4 1 8 Cu2Y 0 97 0 01 N A N A Cablewave HF 5 Cu2Y 0 96 0 007 N A N A Cablewave HF 6 1 8 Cu2Y 0 97 0 006 N A N A Cablewave FLC 38 50J 0 88 0 115 0 169 0 19 Cablewave FLC 12 50J 0 88 0 072 0 11 0 134 Cablew...

Страница 159: ...F 7 8 50 GHF 0 88 0 0413 0 062 0 07 NK Cables RF 7 8 50 BHF 0 88 0 0413 0 062 0 07 NK Cables RF 1 5 8 50 0 88 0 0248 0 038 0 044 NK Cables RF 1 5 8 50 GHF 0 88 0 0248 0 038 0 044 NK Cables RF 1 5 8 50 BHF 0 88 0 0248 0 038 0 044 NK Cables RF 2 50 0 88 0 021 0 034 N A NK Cables RF 2 50 GHF 0 88 0 021 0 034 N A NK Cables RF 2 50 BHF 0 88 0 021 0 034 N A NK Cables RFF 3 8 50 0 81 0 147 0 218 0 25 NK ...

Страница 160: ... 554 Times LMR240 0 84 0 262 0 377 0 424 Times LMR400 0 85 0 135 0 196 0 222 Times LMR500 0 86 0 109 0 159 0 18 Times LMR600 0 87 0 087 0 128 0 145 Times LMR900 0 87 0 056 0 086 0 098 Times LMR1200 0 88 0 044 0 065 0 074 Times LMR1700 0 89 0 033 0 049 0 056 310801 0 821 0 115 N A N A 311201 0 82 0 18 N A N A 311501 0 8 0 23 N A N A 311601 0 8 0 262 N A N A 311901 0 8 0 377 N A N A 352001 0 8 0 377...

Страница 161: ... the beginning and at the end of the frequency sweep As the side lobes are reduced the main lobe widens thereby reducing the resolution In situations where there may be a small discontinuity close to a large one side lobe reduc tion windowing should be used When distance resolution is critical windowing can be re duced Examples The types of windowing in order of increasing side lobe reduction are ...

Страница 162: ... 5 6 0 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 3 5 4 0 4 5 5 0 R e t u r n L o s s d B Figure B 2 Nominal Side Lobe Windowing Example D i s t a n c e T o F a u l t 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 F e e t 3 5 4 0 4 5 5 0 5 5 6 0 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 3 5 4 0 4 5 5 0 R e t u r n L o s s d B Figure B 3 Low Side Lobe Windowing Example ...

Страница 163: ... Windowing B 3 B 4 D i s t a n c e T o F a u l t 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 3 5 4 0 4 5 5 0 5 5 6 0 F e e t 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 3 5 4 0 4 5 5 0 R e t u r n L o s s d B Figure B 4 Minimum Side Lobe Windowing Example ...

Страница 164: ...k 1810 120 1 599 CDMA Japan ARIB Uplink 878 5 93 1 799 801 1039 1041 1199 CDMA Japan ARIB Downlink 878 5 93 1 799 801 1039 1041 1199 CDMA China 1 Uplink 916 88 0 1000 1329 2047 CDMA China 1 Downlink 916 88 0 1000 1329 2047 CDMA China 2 Uplink 910 76 0 1000 CDMA China 2 Downlink 910 76 0 1000 CDMA2000 Class 0 Korea Cel lular Uplink 859 70 1 799 990 1023 CDMA2000 Class 0 Korea Cel lular Downlink 859...

Страница 165: ...0 48 0 359 CDMA2000 Class 7 N A 700 MHz Cellular Downlink 770 48 0 359 ETACS Uplink 916 88 0 1000 1329 2047 ETACS Downlink 916 88 0 1000 1329 2047 GSM 900 Uplink 897 4 40 1 124 975 1023 GSM 900 Downlink 942 4 40 1 124 975 1023 GSM 1800 Uplink 1747 4 80 512 885 GSM 1800 Downlink 1842 4 80 512 885 GSM 1900 Uplink 1879 8 80 512 810 GSM 1900 Downlink 1959 8 80 512 810 JTACS Uplink 878 5 93 0 1198 even...

Страница 166: ... 5 93 1 1199 NTACS Downlink 878 5 93 1 1199 PDC 800 Analog Uplink 891 5 97 0 1680 PDC 800 Analog Downlink 891 5 97 0 1680 PDC 1500 JDC Uplink 1513 72 0 960 PDC 1500 JDC Downlink 1513 72 0 960 PHS Uplink 1906 5 23 1 77 PHS Downlink 1906 5 23 1 77 SMR 800 12 5 kHz Uplink 836 60 1 1199 SMR 800 12 5 kHz Downlink 836 60 1 1199 SMR 800 25 kHz Uplink 836 60 1 600 SMR 800 25 kHz Downlink 836 60 1 600 SMR ...

Страница 167: ...917 960 CDMA China 1 2 Fullband 872 960 Cellular Uplink 824 849 Cellular Downlink 869 894 Cellular Fullband 824 894 Cellular 700 MHZ Uplink 776 794 Cellular 700 MHZ Downlink 746 764 Cellular 700 MHZ Fullband 746 794 DCS GSM 1800 Uplink 1710 1785 DCS GSM 1800 Downlink 1805 1880 DCS GSM 1800 Fullband 1710 1880 GSM 900 Uplink 880 915 GSM 900 Downlink 925 960 GSM 900 Fullband 880 960 IEEE 802 11 FH Up...

Страница 168: ...k 451 484 NMT 450 20 kHz CDMA2000 Downlink 461 494 NMT 450 20 kHz CDMA2000 Fullband 451 494 NMT 450 25 kHz CDMA2000 Uplink 411 458 NMT 450 25 kHz CDMA2000 Downlink 421 468 NMT 450 25 kHz CDMA2000 Fullband 411 468 NMT 900 MATS E Uplink 890 915 NMT 900 MATS E Downlink 935 960 NMT 900 MATS E Fullband 890 960 PCS GSM 1900 Uplink 1850 1910 PCS GSM 1900 Downlink 1930 1990 PCS GSM 1900 Fullband 1850 1990...

Страница 169: ... MHz SMR 800 Downlink 851 866 SMR 800 Fullband 806 866 SMR 1500 Uplink 1453 1465 SMR 1500 Downlink 1501 1513 SMR 1500 Fullband 1453 1513 TACS ETACS Uplink C22 872 915 TACS ETACS Downlink 917 960 TACS ETACS Fullband 872 960 Tetra Uplink 380 430 Tetra Downlink 380 430 ...

Страница 170: ...ble loss 4 2 4 4 calibration 1 9 3 2 carrier to interference ratio 5 19 case 3 19 channel 2 19 2 38 2 45 3 11 5 8 6 1 channel power 5 12 channel spacing 2 23 channel span 2 23 5 12 clock 2 29 2 31 clock source 2 33 connectors 2 1 contrast 2 6 2 40 3 17 5 21 CRC 2 34 2 36 7 4 8 3 CRC 4 8 1 CSU 2 34 CW 4 2 D D4 7 6 D4 SF 2 33 date format 2 29 2 31 demodulation 5 17 detection 3 12 detector 2 21 DS1 7...

Страница 171: ...uage 2 41 LEC 7 1 limits 2 27 2 41 3 16 line sweep 4 1 loopback 2 35 7 10 M maintenance 1 9 markers 3 15 10 5 Markers 2 43 measurements cable and antenna 4 1 channel power 5 12 E1 8 1 field strength 5 9 power 6 1 Spectrum Analyzer 3 10 T1 7 1 memory 2 7 metafile 10 6 MSC 7 1 8 1 N NIU 2 34 7 2 O OBW 5 10 occupied bandwidth 5 10 offset 2 20 2 45 3 6 OSL 2 29 3 2 Out Of Service Testing E1 8 8 T1 7 6...

Страница 172: ... 1 Smith Chart 1 1 10 10 soft keys 2 8 Software Tools 10 1 span 2 19 2 23 2 45 3 10 5 13 6 1 specifications 1 4 spreadsheet 10 1 SSB 5 17 static 1 10 sweep 3 12 5 2 SWR 1 1 2 48 3 8 4 2 4 6 10 3 symbols 2 46 T trace overlay 2 21 10 1 10 5 trigger 2 24 external 2 2 single sweep 2 7 video 2 49 trigger video 2 24 U units 2 20 3 15 6 2 USB 1 3 10 1 V VBW 2 21 2 39 3 11 See video bandwidth verification...

Страница 173: ......

Страница 174: ... Division 490 Jarvis Drive Morgan Hill CA 95037 2809 FAX 408 778 0239 http www us anritsu com United States 1 800 ANRITSU Canada 1 800 ANRITSU S America 55 21 286 9141 Europe 44 0 1582 433433 Japan 81 03 3446 1111 Asia Pacific 65 2822400 ...

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