61203025L1-1
T1 ESF CSU ACE User Manual
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Chapter 1
Introduction
T1/FT1 OVERVIEW
T1 digital communication links have been used by telcos for the
transmission of voice since the early sixties. The D4 channel bank is
an example of a T1 digital carrier system that was introduced in the
mid-seventies and is still widely used by the telcos.
Communication demands of business continued to grow to the
point that the telcos began offering T1 service directly to the public.
D4 channel banks were used for T1 in corporate network
topographies for voice. The technological advances in computer
development also created a demand for T1 data communication
which now is a large part of the T1 traffic.
T1 Service Offerings
T1 is a digital service that is delivered to the user over two pairs of
wires from the service provider. The signal operates at 1.544 Mbps
and is usually extended by repeaters installed approximately every
mile after the first 6000 feet. The T1 signal is divided into 24 time
slots which operate at 64 kbps (DS0s). Each time slot is occupied by
digitized voice or by data.
The T1 signal originally used a type of framing known as D4
superframe (SF), which identifies how the T1 is multiplexed. An
enhancement of that framing format, called extended superframe
(ESF), is available. ESF provides a non-disruptive means of full-
time monitoring on the digital facility. It was originally used by
service providers to monitor the performance of their service
Содержание Cable T1 ESF CSU ACE
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